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Tu Y, Zhang H, Xia J, Zhao Y, Yang R, Feng J, Ma X, Li J. SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to induce accurate chromosome segregation independently of its histone methyltransferase activity. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:444-454. [PMID: 38151757 PMCID: PMC10909981 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SETDB2 is a H3K9 histone methyltransferase required for accurate chromosome segregation. Its H3K9 histone methyltransferase activity was reported to be associated with chromosomes during metaphase. Here, we confirm that SETDB2 is required for mitosis and accurate chromosome segregation. However, these functions are independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. Further analysis showed that SETDB2 can interact with BUBR1, and is required for CDC20 binding to BUBR1 and APC/C complex and CYCLIN B1 degradation. The ability of SETDB2 to regulate the binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 or APC/C complex, and stabilization of CYCLIN B1 are also independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest that SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to promote binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 and APC3, then degrades CYCLIN B1 to ensure accurate chromosome segregation and mitosis, independently of its histone methyltransferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Tu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jialin Xia
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Feng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Xueyun Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
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2
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Kao TW, Chen HH, Lin J, Wang TL, Shen YA. PBX1 as a novel master regulator in cancer: Its regulation, molecular biology, and therapeutic applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189085. [PMID: 38341110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PBX1 is a critical transcription factor at the top of various cell fate-determining pathways. In cancer, PBX1 stands at the crossroads of multiple oncogenic signaling pathways and mediates responses by recruiting a broad repertoire of downstream targets. Research thus far has corroborated the involvement of PBX1 in cancer proliferation, resisting apoptosis, tumor-associated neoangiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, immune evasion, genome instability, and dysregulating cellular metabolism. Recently, our understanding of the functional regulation of the PBX1 protein has advanced, as increasing evidence has depicted a regulatory network consisting of transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels of control mechanisms. Furthermore, accumulating studies have supported the clinical utilization of PBX1 as a prognostic or therapeutic target in cancer. Preliminary results showed that PBX1 entails vast potential as a targetable master regulator in the treatment of cancer, particularly in those with high-risk features and resistance to other therapeutic strategies. In this review, we will explore the regulation, protein-protein interactions, molecular pathways, clinical application, and future challenges of PBX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wan Kao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Han Chen
- Department of General Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100224, Taiwan
| | - James Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2, Room 306, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yao-An Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
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3
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Yang M, Tang Y, Zhu P, Lu H, Wan X, Guo Q, Xiao L, Liu C, Guo L, Liu W, Yang Y. The advances of E2A-PBX1 fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic Leukaemia. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7. [PMID: 38148344 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The E2A-PBX1 gene fusion is a common translocation in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Patients harbouring the E2A-PBX1 fusion gene typically exhibit an intermediate prognosis. Furthermore, minimal residual disease has unsatisfactory prognostic value in E2A-PBX1 B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. However, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 in the occurrence and progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is not well understood. Here, we mainly review the roles of E2A and PBX1 in the differentiation and development of B lymphocytes, the mechanism of E2A-PBX1 gene fusion in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and the potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhui Tang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Lu
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Wan
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - You Yang
- Department of Paediatrics (Children Haematological Oncology), Birth Defects and Childhood Haematological Oncology Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Birth Defects, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Paediatrics, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- The Second Hospital, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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4
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Yin H, Wang J, Tan Y, Jiang M, Zhang H, Meng G. Transcription factor abnormalities in B-ALL leukemogenesis and treatment. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:855-870. [PMID: 37407363 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological regulation of transcription factors (TFs) and repressor proteins is an important mechanism for maintaining cell homeostasis. In B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) TF abnormalities occur at high frequency and are often recognized as the major driving factor in carcinogenesis. We provide an in-depth review of molecular mechanisms of six major TF rearrangements in B-ALL, including DUX4-rearranged (DUX4-R), MEF2D-R, ZNF384-R, ETV6-RUNX1 and TCF3-PBX1 fusions, and KMT2A-R. In addition, the therapeutic options and prognoses for patients who harbor these TF abnormalities are discussed. This review aims to provide an up-to-date panoramic view of how TF-based oncogenic fusions might drive carcinogenesis and impact on potential therapeutic exploration of B-ALL treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Junfei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yangxia Tan
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Minghao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, Ministry of Education (MOE) Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China.
| | - Guoyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
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5
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Yuan G, Hu B, Ma J, Zhang C, Xie H, Wei T, Yang Y, Ni B. Histone lysine methyltransferase
SETDB2
suppresses
NRF2
to restrict tumor progression and modulates chemotherapy sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7258-7272. [PMID: 36504353 PMCID: PMC10067124 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aberrant epigenetic remodeling represents a molecular hallmark in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We aim to investigate the biological roles of SETDB2 and its underlying associations with oxidative stress, providing therapeutic targets for individualized treatment of LUAD. METHODS Differential analysis was conducted via Limma package, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed with survival package. CCK-8, cell proliferation assay, transwell assay, and in vivo assays were conducted to assess the function of SETDB2. Western blot assay, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to assess the expression levels of SETDB2/NRF2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and ChIP-qPCR were conducted to assess the epigenetic roles of SETDB2. RESULTS We found that SETDB2 expression is decreased in tumor samples versus normal tissues in TCGA-LUAD cohort, LUAD-EAS cohort, GSE72094 dataset, and independent Soochow-LUAD dataset. Patients with low SETDB2 levels had a worse prognosis relative to those with high SETDB2. SETDB2 inhibition could significantly promote cell growth, migration ability, and stemness maintenance. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that SETDB2 correlated with oxidative stress crosstalk and regulated NRF2 mRNA levels. ChIP assay suggested that SETDB2 mainly recruited the H3K9me3 enrichment at the NRF2 promoter region to suppress the mRNA levels of NRF2. Downregulated SETDB2 could activate NRF2 transcription and expression, thereby promoting its downstream targets, like NQO1, FTH1, and ME1. Functional experiments demonstrated that low SETDB2 allowed NRF2 to drive malignant processes of LUAD. SETDB2 overexpression attenuated the ability of NRF2 signaling to neutralize cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to enhanced cell apoptosis. Overexpressed SETDB2 could inhibit tumor progression in vivo and further render LUAD cells sensitive to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings uncovered the suppressive role of SETDB2 in LUAD. SETDB2 negatively regulates NRF2 signaling to modulate tumor progression, which creates a therapeutic vulnerability in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Chuanyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Hongya Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Tengteng Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Bin Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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6
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Lin Z, Li Y, Han X, Fu Z, Tian Z, Li C. Targeting SPHK1/PBX1 Axis Induced Cell Cycle Arrest in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12741. [PMID: 36361531 PMCID: PMC9657307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85~90% of lung cancer cases, with a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1), a key enzyme in regulating sphingolipid metabolism, has been reported to be involved in the development of NSCLC, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated the abnormal signature of SPHK1 in NSCLC lesions and cell lines of lung cancers with a potential tumorigenic role in cell cycle regulation. Functionally, ectopic Pre-B cell leukemia homeobox-1 (PBX1) was capable of restoring the arrested G1 phase induced by SPHK1 knockdown. However, exogenous sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) supply had little impact on the cell cycle arrest by PBX1 silence. Furthermore, S1P receptor S1PR3 was revealed as a specific switch to transport the extracellular S1P signal into cells, and subsequently activated PBX1 to regulate cell cycle progression. In addition, Akt signaling partially participated in the SPHK1/S1PR3/PBX1 axis to regulate the cell cycle, and the Akt inhibitor significantly decreased PBX1 expression and induced G1 arrest. Targeting SPHK1 with PF-543 significantly inhibited the cell cycle and tumor growth in preclinical xenograft tumor models of NSCLC. Taken together, our findings exhibit the vital role of the SPHK1/S1PR3/PBX1 axis in regulating the cell cycle of NSCLC, and targeting SPHK1 may develop a therapeutic effect in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhenkun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhenhuan Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chenggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
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7
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Li GS, Chen G, Liu J, Tang D, Zheng JH, Luo J, Jin MH, Lu HS, Bao CX, Tian J, Deng WS, Fu JW, Feng Y, Zeng NY, Zhou HF, Kong JL. Clinical significance of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C expression in cancers: from small cell lung carcinoma to pan-cancers. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:246. [PMID: 35751045 PMCID: PMC9233395 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (CDKN2C) was identified to participate in the occurrence and development of multiple cancers; however, its roles in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) remain unclear. Methods Differential expression analysis of CDKN2C between SCLC and non-SCLC were performed based on 937 samples from multiple centers. The prognosis effects of CDKN2C in patients with SCLC were detected using both Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves, whether CDKN2C expression made it feasible to distinguish SCLC was determined. The potential mechanisms of CDKN2C in SCLC were investigated by gene ontology terms and signaling pathways (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes). Based on 10,080 samples, a pan-cancer analysis was also performed to determine the roles of CDKN2C in multiple cancers. Results For the first time, upregulated CDKN2C expression was detected in SCLC samples at both the mRNA and protein levels (p of Wilcoxon rank-sum test < 0.05; standardized mean difference = 2.86 [95% CI 2.20–3.52]). Transcription factor FOXA1 expression may positively regulate CDKN2C expression levels in SCLC. High CDKN2C expression levels were related to the poor prognosis of patients with SCLC (hazard ratio > 1, p < 0.05) and showed pronounced effects for distinguishing SCLC from non-SCLC (sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve ≥ 0.95). CDKN2C expression may play a role in the development of SCLC by affecting the cell cycle. Furthermore, the first pan-cancer analysis revealed the differential expression of CDKN2C in 16 cancers (breast invasive carcinoma, etc.) and its independent prognostic significance in nine cancers (e.g., adrenocortical carcinoma). CDKN2C expression was related to the immune microenvironment, suggesting its potential usefulness as a prognostic marker in immunotherapy. Conclusions This study identified upregulated CDKN2C expression and its clinical significance in SCLC and other multiple cancers, suggesting its potential usefulness as a biomarker in treating and differentiating cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-02036-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Sheng Li
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Luo
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Song Lu
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Xi Bao
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Sheng Deng
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wei Fu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng-Yong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Fu Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Liang Kong
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Zhou B, Chu X, Tian H, Liu T, Liu H, Gao W, Chen S, Hu S, Wu D, Xu Y. The clinical outcomes and genomic landscapes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients with E2A-PBX1: A 10-year retrospective study. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:1461-1471. [PMID: 34406703 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical outcomes and genomic features of E2A-PBX1 (TCF3-PBX1)-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients remain unclear. A total of 137 patients carrying E2A-PBX1 among 3164 B-ALL patients between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the whole cohort were 68.6% and 61.0%, respectively. Age [DFS, p = 0.037; cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), p = 0.005] and the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction chemotherapy (OS, p = 0.020; DFS, p = 0.002; CIR, p = 0.006) were independent risk factors. In adolescents/adults, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) at first complete remission (CR1) significantly improved the 5-year prognosis (OS, p < 0.001; DFS, p < 0.001; CIR, p < 0.001). Haploidentical HSCT decreased the CIR compared with human leukocyte antigen-matched HSCT in adolescents/adults (p = 0.017). Mutations in PBX1, PAX5, CTCF and SETD2, amplification of AKT3, and deletion of CDKN2A/B were common in the total cohort, while transcriptome differences were found in the cell cycle, nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling pathway and transcriptional regulation by TP53 between adolescents/adults and children. Patients with multiple subclones at diagnosis tended to have unfavorable 3-year prognoses (DFS, p = 0.010; CIR, p = 0.021). Leukemia clones with DNA repair gene mutations showed aggressive and treatment-refractory phenotypes in this subtype of ALL. Our study indicated that age, the level of MRD and DNA repair gene mutations were associated with E2A-PBX1-positive B-ALL outcomes. Allo-HSCT, especially haploidentical HSCT, could improve the prognosis of adolescent/adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biqi Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinran Chu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Tian
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianhui Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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9
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Zhang X, Sun J, Canfrán-Duque A, Aryal B, Tellides G, Chang YJ, Suárez Y, Osborne TF, Fernández-Hernando C. Deficiency of histone lysine methyltransferase SETDB2 in hematopoietic cells promotes vascular inflammation and accelerates atherosclerosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147984. [PMID: 34003795 PMCID: PMC8262461 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications of the genome, including DNA methylation, histone methylation/acetylation, and noncoding RNAs, have been reported to play a fundamental role in regulating immune response during the progression of atherosclerosis. SETDB2 is a member of the KMT1 family of lysine methyltransferases, and members of this family typically methylate histone H3 Lys9 (H3K9), an epigenetic mark associated with gene silencing. Previous studies have shown that SETDB2 is involved in innate and adaptive immunity, the proinflammatory response, and hepatic lipid metabolism. Here, we report that expression of SETDB2 is markedly upregulated in human and murine atherosclerotic lesions. Upregulation of SETDB2 was observed in proinflammatory M1 but not antiinflammatory M2 macrophages. Notably, we found that genetic deletion of SETDB2 in hematopoietic cells promoted vascular inflammation and enhanced the progression of atherosclerosis in BM transfer studies in Ldlr-knockout mice. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis in isolated CD45+ cells from atherosclerotic plaques from mice transplanted with SETDB2-deficient BM revealed a significant increase in monocyte population and enhanced expression of genes involved in inflammation and myeloid cell recruitment. Additionally, we found that loss of SETDB2 in hematopoietic cells was associated with macrophage accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions and attenuated efferocytosis. Overall, these studies identify SETDB2 as an important inflammatory cell regulator that controls macrophage activation in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
| | - Jonathan Sun
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
| | - Alberto Canfrán-Duque
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
| | - Binod Aryal
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
| | - George Tellides
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ying Ju Chang
- Department of Medicine and.,Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
| | - Timothy F Osborne
- Department of Medicine and.,Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, and
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10
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Mediator subunit MED1 is required for E2A-PBX1-mediated oncogenic transcription and leukemic cell growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:1922864118. [PMID: 33542097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922864118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The chimeric transcription factor E2A-PBX1, containing the N-terminal activation domains of E2A fused to the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of PBX1, results in 5% of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL). We recently have reported a mechanism for RUNX1-dependent recruitment of E2A-PBX1 to chromatin in pre-B leukemic cells; but the subsequent E2A-PBX1 functions through various coactivators and the general transcriptional machinery remain unclear. The Mediator complex plays a critical role in cell-specific gene activation by serving as a key coactivator for gene-specific transcription factors that facilitates their function through the RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery, but whether Mediator contributes to aberrant expression of E2A-PBX1 target genes remains largely unexplored. Here we show that Mediator interacts directly with E2A-PBX1 through an interaction of the MED1 subunit with an E2A activation domain. Results of MED1 depletion by CRISPR/Cas9 further indicate that MED1 is specifically required for E2A-PBX1-dependent gene activation and leukemic cell growth. Integrated transcriptome and cistrome analyses identify pre-B cell receptor and cell cycle regulatory genes as direct cotargets of MED1 and E2A-PBX1. Notably, complementary biochemical analyses also demonstrate that recruitment of E2A-PBX1 to a target DNA template involves a direct interaction with DNA-bound RUNX1 that can be further stabilized by EBF1. These findings suggest that E2A-PBX1 interactions with RUNX1 and MED1/Mediator are of functional importance for both gene-specific transcriptional activation and maintenance of E2A-PBX1-driven leukemia. The MED1 dependency for E2A-PBX1-mediated gene activation and leukemogenesis may provide a potential therapeutic opportunity by targeting MED1 in E2A-PBX1+ pre-B leukemia.
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11
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Li Y, Shi F, Hu J, Xie L, Zhao L, Tang M, Luo X, Ye M, Zheng H, Zhou M, Liu N, Bode AM, Fan J, Zhou J, Gao Q, Qiu S, Wu W, Zhang X, Liao W, Cao Y. Stabilization of p18 by deubiquitylase CYLD is pivotal for cell cycle progression and viral replication. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:14. [PMID: 33654169 PMCID: PMC7925679 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
p18 is a key negative regulator of cell cycle progression and mediates cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase. Ubiquitination is the prime mechanism in regulating p18 protein abundance. However, so far no post- translational regulator, especially DUBs, has been identified to regulate the protein stability of p18. In this paper, we identified CYLD as a deubiquitinase of p18, which binds to and removes the K48-linked polyubiquitylation chains conjugated onto p18, thus stabilizing the p18 protein. Loss of CYLD causes the degradation of p18 and induces the G1/S transition. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is the human oncovirus etiologically linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here we found that EBV drives a replication passive environment by deregulating the CYLD-p18 axis. Functionally, CYLD inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis through p18 in vivo. Restoring CYLD prevents EBV induced viral replication and tumor growth. Collectively, our results identify CYLD directly stabilizes p18 to regulate the cellular G1/S transition. The reconstitution of CYLD-p18 axis could be a promising approach for EBV-positive cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Longlong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/ Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Jia Fan
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangjian Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weizhong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.
- Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Changsha, China.
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12
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Lin HC, Kuan Y, Chu HF, Cheng SC, Pan HC, Chen WY, Sun CY, Lin TH. Disulfiram and 6-Thioguanine synergistically inhibit the enzymatic activities of USP2 and USP21. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:490-497. [PMID: 33582217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Disulfiram is a promising repurposed drug that, combining with radiation and chemotherapy, exhibits effective anticancer activities in several preclinical models. The cellular metabolites of disulfiram have been established, however, the intracellular targets of disulfiram remain largely unexplored. We have previously reported that disulfiram suppresses the coronaviral papain-like proteases through attacking their zinc-finger domains, suggesting an inhibitory function potentially on other proteases with similar catalytic structures. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) share a highly-conserved zinc-finger subdomain that structurally similar to the papain-like proteases and are attractive anticancer targets as upregulated USPs levels are found in a variety of tumors. Here, we report that disulfiram functions as a competitive inhibitor for both USP2 and USP21, two tumor-related deubiquitinases. In addition, we also observed a synergistic inhibition of USP2 and USP21 by disulfiram and 6-Thioguanine (6TG), a clinical drug for acute myeloid leukemia. Kinetic analyses revealed that both drugs exhibited a slow-binding mechanism, moderate inhibitory parameters, and a synergistically inhibitory effect on USP2 and USP21, suggesting the potential combinatory use of these two drugs for USPs-related tumors. Taken together, our study provides biochemical evidence for repurposing disulfiram and 6TG as a combinatory treatment in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Cheng Lin
- Basic Research Division, Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ying Kuan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Acedemia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Chu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Chih Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Acedemia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan.
| | - Ta-Hsien Lin
- Basic Research Division, Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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13
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Saha N, Muntean AG. Insight into the multi-faceted role of the SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188498. [PMID: 33373647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in tumorigenesis. The SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases, which include G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2, SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 deposit H3K9me1/2/3 marks at euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, catalyzed by their conserved SET domain. In cancer, this family of enzymes can be deregulated by genomic alterations and transcriptional mis-expression leading to alteration of transcriptional programs. In solid and hematological malignancies, studies have uncovered pro-oncogenic roles for several H3K9 methyltransferases and accordingly, small molecule inhibitors are being tested as potential therapies. However, emerging evidence demonstrate onco-suppressive roles for these enzymes in cancer development as well. Here, we review the role H3K9 methyltransferases play in tumorigenesis focusing on gene targets and biological pathways affected due to misregulation of these enzymes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9 methyltransferases and their influence on cancer. Finally, we describe the impact of H3K9 methylation on therapy induced resistance in carcinoma. Converging evidence point to multi-faceted roles for H3K9 methyltransferases in development and cancer that encourages a deeper understanding of these enzymes to inform novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Andrew G Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America.
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14
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Ying L, Fei X, Jialun L, Jianpeng X, Jie W, Zhaolin M, Hongjia F, Huan F, Sha L, Qiuju W, Lin Y, Cuicui L, You P, Weiwei Z, Lulu W, Jiemin W, Jing L, Jing F. SETDB2 promoted breast cancer stem cell maintenance by interaction with and stabilization of ΔNp63α protein. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2180-2191. [PMID: 32549764 PMCID: PMC7294945 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.43611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB2 is involved in cell cycle dysregulation in acute leukemia and has oncogenic roles in gastric cancer. In our study, we found that SETDB2 plays essential roles in breast cancer stem cell maintenance. Depleted SETDB2 significantly decreased the breast cancer stem cell population and mammosphere formation in vitro and also inhibited breast tumor initiation and growth in vivo. Restoring SETDB2 expression rescued the defect in breast cancer stem cell maintenance. A mechanistic analysis showed that SETDB2 upregulated the transcription of the ΔNp63α downstream Hedgehog pathway gene. SETDB2 also interacted with and methylated ΔNp63α, and stabilized ΔNp63α protein. Restoring ΔNp63α expression rescued the breast cancer stem cell maintenance defect which mediated by SETDB2 knockdown. In conclusion, our study reveals a novel function of SETDB2 in cancer stem cell maintenance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Ying
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Xie Fei
- Department of clinical laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 29 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Li Jialun
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao Jianpeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wang Jie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mei Zhaolin
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Fan Hongjia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Huan
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Li Sha
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wu Qiuju
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Liu Cuicui
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Peng You
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Zhao Weiwei
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wang Lulu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Wong Jiemin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Feng Jing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai 201499, China.,Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.,Joint Research Center for Precision Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
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15
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Yang Z, Liao B, Xiang X, Ke S. miR-21-5p promotes cell proliferation and G1/S transition in melanoma by targeting CDKN2C. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:752-760. [PMID: 32090490 PMCID: PMC7193168 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human melanoma is a highly malignant tumor originating from cutaneous melanocytes. The noncoding RNA microRNA (miR)‐21‐5p has been reported to be expressed at high levels in malignant melanocytic skin tissues, but its potential functional role in melanoma remains poorly understood. Here, we explored the cellular effects of miR‐21‐5p on melanoma in vitro and the underlying mechanisms. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to show that miR‐21‐5p is significantly up‐regulated in clinical samples from patients with melanoma as compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. Overexpression of miR‐21‐5p significantly enhanced, whereas knockdown attenuated, cell proliferation and G1/S transition in melanoma cell lines (A375 and M14). Luciferase reporter assays were used to show that the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (CDKN2C) is a downstream target of miR‐21‐5p. Furthermore, miR‐21‐5p mimics resulted in a decrease in CDKN2C expression, and CDKN2C expression was observed to be inversely correlated with miR‐21‐5p expression in melanoma tissues. Rescue experiments were performed to show that overexpression of CDKN2C partially reversed the effects of miR‐21‐5p up‐regulation on A375 cells. Consistently, knockdown of CDKN2C abolished the effects of miR‐21‐5p down‐regulation on A375 cells. Overall, our studies demonstrate that miR‐21‐5p can promote the growth of melanoma cells by targeting CDKN2C, which may induce G0/G1 phase arrest of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Sha Ke
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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16
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Mu G, Chen F. Oncogenic Roles Of A Histone Methyltransferase SETDB2 In AML1-ETO Positive AML. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:783-792. [PMID: 32099474 PMCID: PMC7007814 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s227036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction AML1-ETO produced by t(8;21) abnomality has multiple effects on the leukemogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). SET domain, bifurcated 2 (SETDB2) can mediate gene silencing by trimethylation of the ninth lysine residue of histone H3 protein (H3K9) of the promoter and has been confirmed as an oncogene in many cancers. The role of SETDB2 in AML1-ETO positive AML is not clear. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed to measure SETDB2 expression in bone marrow from AML patients and healthy people. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to investigate the effect of SETDB2 on prognosis of AML patients. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation were performed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of AML1-ETO on SETDB2. CCK-8 and colony formation assay were performed to measure the effect of SETDB2 on leukemic cells. Results SETDB2 is highly expressed in AML1-ETO positive AML. The overall survival, event-free and relapse-free survival rate of patients with high SETDB2 expression was lower than those of patients with low SETDB2 expression. SETDB2 is epigenetically upregulated by AML1-ETO fusion protein. Downregulation of SETDB2 expression significantly inhibits the proliferation and clonality of leukemic cells and promotes the sensitivity of leukemic cells to an epigenetic inhibitor JQ1. Conclusion AML1-ETO/SETDB2 is a novel epigenetic pathway of leukemogenesis and SETDB2 is a potential therapeutic target of t(8;21) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Mu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangping Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
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17
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Gambacorta V, Gnani D, Vago L, Di Micco R. Epigenetic Therapies for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Immune-Related Effects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:207. [PMID: 31681756 PMCID: PMC6797914 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, our molecular understanding of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis dramatically increased, thanks also to the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. Many of these findings, however, have not yet translated into new prognostic markers or rationales for treatments. We now know that AML is a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by a very low mutational burden. Interestingly, the few mutations identified mainly reside in epigenetic regulators, which shape and define leukemic cell identity. In the light of these discoveries and given the increasing number of drugs targeting epigenetic regulators in clinical development and testing, great interest is emerging for the use of small molecules targeting leukemia epigenome. Together with their effects on leukemia cell-intrinsic properties, such as proliferation and survival, epigenetic drugs may affect the way leukemic cells communicate with the surrounding components of the tumor and immune microenvironment. Here, we review current knowledge on alterations in the AML epigenetic landscape and discuss the promises of epigenetic therapies for AML treatment. Finally, we summarize emerging molecular studies elucidating how epigenetic rewiring in cancer cells may as well exert immune-modulatory functions, boost the immune system, and potentially contribute to better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gambacorta
- Unit of Senescence in Stem Cell Aging, Differentiation and Cancer, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Gnani
- Unit of Senescence in Stem Cell Aging, Differentiation and Cancer, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Micco
- Unit of Senescence in Stem Cell Aging, Differentiation and Cancer, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Kim JE. Bookmarking by histone methylation ensures chromosomal integrity during mitosis. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:466-480. [PMID: 31020544 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01156-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell cycle is an orchestrated process that replicates DNA and transmits genetic information to daughter cells. Cell cycle progression is governed by diverse histone modifications that control gene transcription in a timely fashion. Histone modifications also regulate cell cycle progression by marking specific chromatic regions. While many reviews have covered histone phosphorylation and acetylation as regulators of the cell cycle, little attention has been paid to the roles of histone methylation in the faithful progression of mitosis. Indeed, specific histone methylations occurring before, during, or after mitosis affect kinetochore assembly and chromosome condensation and segregation. In addition to timing, histone methylations specify the chromatin regions such as chromosome arms, pericentromere, and centromere. Therefore, spatiotemporal programming of histone methylations ensures epigenetic inheritance through mitosis. This review mainly discusses histone methylations and their relevance to mitotic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Emerging roles of H3K9me3, SETDB1 and SETDB2 in therapy-induced cellular reprogramming. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:43. [PMID: 30850015 PMCID: PMC6408861 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A multitude of recent studies has observed common epigenetic changes develop in tumour cells of multiple lineages following exposure to stresses such as hypoxia, chemotherapeutics, immunotherapy or targeted therapies. A significant increase in the transcriptionally repressive mark trimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me3) is becoming associated with treatment-resistant phenotypes suggesting upstream mechanisms may be a good target for therapy. We have reported that the increase in H3K9me3 is derived from the methyltransferases SETDB1 and SETDB2 following treatment in melanoma, lung, breast and colorectal cancer cell lines, as well as melanoma patient data. Other groups have observed a number of characteristics such as epigenetic remodelling, increased interferon signalling, cell cycle inhibition and apoptotic resistance that have also been reported by us suggesting these independent studies are investigating similar or identical phenomena. Main body Firstly, this review introduces reports of therapy-induced reprogramming in cancer populations with highly similar slow-cycling phenotypes that suggest a role for both IFN signalling and epigenetic remodelling in the acquisition of drug tolerance. We then describe plausible connections between the type 1 IFN pathway, slow-cycling phenotypes and these epigenetic mechanisms before reviewing recent evidence on the roles of SETDB1 and SETDB2, alongside their product H3K9me3, in treatment-induced reprogramming and promotion of drug resistance. The potential mechanisms for the activation of SETDB1 and SETDB2 and how they might arise in treatment is also discussed mechanistically, with a focus on their putative induction by inflammatory signalling. Moreover, we theorise their timely role in attenuating inflammation after their activation in order to promote a more resilient phenotype through homeostatic coordination of H3K9me3. We also examine the relatively uncharacterized functions of SETDB2 with some comparison to the more well-known qualities of SETDB1. Finally, an emerging overall mechanism for the epigenetic maintenance of this transient phenotype is outlined by summarising the collective literature herein. Conclusion A number of converging phenotypes outline a stress-responsive mechanism for SETDB1 and SETDB2 activation and subsequent increased survival, providing novel insights into epigenetic biology. A clearer understanding of how SETDB1/2-mediated transcriptional reprogramming can subvert treatment responses will be invaluable in improving length and efficacy of modern therapies.
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