1
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Liu Y, Zou SH, Gao X. Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation reveal that CDC20 overexpression promotes bladder cancer progression and potential underlying mechanisms. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:437-449. [PMID: 38438666 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy. CDC20, a pivotal cell cycle regulator gene, plays a significant role in tumour cell proliferation, but its role in bladder cancer remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyse CDC20 expression in bladder cancer and explore its roles in tumour progression, treatment response, patient prognosis, and cellular proliferation mechanisms. METHODS We systematically analysed CDC20 expression in bladder cancer using bioinformatics. Our study investigated the impact of CDC20 on chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitivity, patient prognosis, and changes in CDC20 methylation levels. We also explored the role and potential underlying mechanisms of CDC20 in bladder cancer cell growth. We used lentiviral transfection to downregulate CDC20 expression in 5637 and T24 cells, followed by CCK-8, colony formation, scratch, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle analyses. RESULTS CDC20 is highly expressed in bladder cancer and is significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Moreover, CDC20 demonstrated high diagnostic potential for bladder cancer (AUC > 0.9). The tumour methylation levels of CDC20 in tumour tissues markedly decreased compared with those in normal tissues, and lower methylation levels were associated with a worse prognosis. Elevated CDC20 expression is linked to increased mutation burden. Our findings suggested a potential association between high CDC20 expression and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as CDC20 expression may impact immune cell infiltration levels. Mechanistic analysis revealed the influence of CDC20 on bladder cancer cell proliferation through cell cycle-related pathways. According to the cell experiments, CDC20 downregulation significantly impedes bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion, leading to G1 phase arrest. CONCLUSION Aberrantly high CDC20 expression promotes tumour progression in bladder cancer, resulting in a poor prognosis, and may also constitute a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zou
- Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China.
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2
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Iglesias-Romero AB, Soto T, Flor-Parra I, Salas-Pino S, Ruiz-Romero G, Gould KL, Cansado J, Daga RR. MAPK-dependent control of mitotic progression in S. pombe. BMC Biol 2024; 22:71. [PMID: 38523261 PMCID: PMC10962199 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) preserve cell homeostasis by transducing physicochemical fluctuations of the environment into multiple adaptive responses. These responses involve transcriptional rewiring and the regulation of cell cycle transitions, among others. However, how stress conditions impinge mitotic progression is largely unknown. The mitotic checkpoint is a surveillance mechanism that inhibits mitotic exit in situations of defective chromosome capture, thus preventing the generation of aneuploidies. In this study, we investigate the role of MAPK Pmk1 in the regulation of mitotic exit upon stress. RESULTS We show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells lacking Pmk1, the MAP kinase effector of the cell integrity pathway (CIP), are hypersensitive to microtubule damage and defective in maintaining a metaphase arrest. Epistasis analysis suggests that Pmk1 is involved in maintaining spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) signaling, and its deletion is additive to the lack of core SAC components such as Mad2 and Mad3. Strikingly, pmk1Δ cells show up to twofold increased levels of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) activator Cdc20Slp1 during unperturbed growth. We demonstrate that Pmk1 physically interacts with Cdc20Slp1 N-terminus through a canonical MAPK docking site. Most important, the Cdc20Slp1 pool is rapidly degraded in stressed cells undergoing mitosis through a mechanism that requires MAPK activity, Mad3, and the proteasome, thus resulting in a delayed mitotic exit. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a novel function of MAPK in preventing mitotic exit and activation of cytokinesis in response to stress. The regulation of Cdc20Slp1 turnover by MAPK Pmk1 provides a key mechanism by which the timing of mitotic exit can be adjusted relative to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terersa Soto
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flor-Parra
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Silvia Salas-Pino
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Gabriel Ruiz-Romero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain
| | - Kathleen L Gould
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA
| | - José Cansado
- Yeast Physiology Group, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain.
| | - Rafael R Daga
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
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3
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Tu Y, Zhang H, Xia J, Zhao Y, Yang R, Feng J, Ma X, Li J. SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to induce accurate chromosome segregation independently of its histone methyltransferase activity. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:444-454. [PMID: 38151757 PMCID: PMC10909981 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SETDB2 is a H3K9 histone methyltransferase required for accurate chromosome segregation. Its H3K9 histone methyltransferase activity was reported to be associated with chromosomes during metaphase. Here, we confirm that SETDB2 is required for mitosis and accurate chromosome segregation. However, these functions are independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. Further analysis showed that SETDB2 can interact with BUBR1, and is required for CDC20 binding to BUBR1 and APC/C complex and CYCLIN B1 degradation. The ability of SETDB2 to regulate the binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 or APC/C complex, and stabilization of CYCLIN B1 are also independent of its histone methyltransferase activity. These results suggest that SETDB2 interacts with BUBR1 to promote binding of CDC20 to BUBR1 and APC3, then degrades CYCLIN B1 to ensure accurate chromosome segregation and mitosis, independently of its histone methyltransferase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Tu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jialin Xia
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Feng
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- The Second Affiliated HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Xueyun Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Anhui University of Science and Technology Affiliated Fengxian HospitalShanghaiChina
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4
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Zhang Y, Young R, Garvanska DH, Song C, Zhai Y, Wang Y, Jiang H, Fang J, Nilsson J, Alfieri C, Zhang G. Functional analysis of Cdc20 reveals a critical role of CRY box in mitotic checkpoint signaling. Commun Biol 2024; 7:164. [PMID: 38337031 PMCID: PMC10858191 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate mitosis is coordinated by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) through the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), which inhibits the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). As an essential regulator, Cdc20 promotes mitotic exit through activating APC/C and monitors kinetochore-microtubule attachment through activating SAC. Cdc20 requires multiple interactions with APC/C and MCC subunits to elicit these functions. Functionally assessing these interactions within cells requires efficient depletion of endogenous Cdc20, which is highly difficult to achieve by RNA interference (RNAi). Here we generated Cdc20 RNAi-sensitive cell lines which display a penetrant metaphase arrest by a single RNAi treatment. In this null background, we accurately measured the contribution of each known motif of Cdc20 on APC/C and SAC activation. The CRY box, a previously identified degron, was found critical for SAC by promoting MCC formation and its interaction with APC/C. These data reveal additional regulation within the SAC and establish a novel method to interrogate Cdc20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rose Young
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Structural Biology Division, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Chunlin Song
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujing Zhai
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jakob Nilsson
- The NNF Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudio Alfieri
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, Structural Biology Division, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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5
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Yang C, Ge Y, Zang Y, Xu M, Jin L, Wang Y, Xu X, Xue B, Wang Z, Wang L. CDC20 promotes radioresistance of prostate cancer by activating Twist1 expression. Apoptosis 2023; 28:1584-1595. [PMID: 37535214 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01877-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, radiotherapy is one of the most attractive treatments for prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, radioresistance remains a challenging issue and the underlying mechanism is unknown. Growing evidence has demonstrated that CDC20 (Cell division cycle protein 20) plays a pivotal role in a variety of tumors, including PCa. Here, GEPIA database mining and western blot analysis showed that higher expression of CDC20 was observed in PCa tissues and cells. We demonstrated that the expression of CDC20 was increased in PCa cells by irradiation, and knockdown of CDC20 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, tumor formation, induced cell apoptosis and increased radiosensitivity in PCa in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we observed that CDC20 regulated Twist1 pathway, influencing cell proliferation and migration. These results suggest that targeting CDC20 and Twist1 may be an effective way to improve the radiosensitivity of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlai Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Scientific Research Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuegang Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yachen Zang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui, China.
| | - Lixia Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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6
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Godoy PM, Oyedeji A, Mudd JL, Morikis VA, Zarov AP, Longmore GD, Fields RC, Kaufman CK. Functional analysis of recurrent CDC20 promoter variants in human melanoma. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1216. [PMID: 38030698 PMCID: PMC10686982 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Small nucleotide variants in non-coding regions of the genome can alter transcriptional regulation, leading to changes in gene expression which can activate oncogenic gene regulatory networks. Melanoma is heavily burdened by non-coding variants, representing over 99% of total genetic variation, including the well-characterized TERT promoter mutation. However, the compendium of regulatory non-coding variants is likely still functionally under-characterized. We developed a pipeline to identify hotspots, i.e. recurrently mutated regions, in melanoma containing putatively functional non-coding somatic variants that are located within predicted melanoma-specific regulatory regions. We identified hundreds of statistically significant hotspots, including the hotspot containing the TERT promoter variants, and focused on a hotspot in the promoter of CDC20. We found that variants in the promoter of CDC20, which putatively disrupt an ETS motif, lead to lower transcriptional activity in reporter assays. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated an indel in the CDC20 promoter in human A375 melanoma cell lines and observed decreased expression of CDC20, changes in migration capabilities, increased growth of xenografts, and an altered transcriptional state previously associated with a more proliferative and less migratory state. Overall, our analysis prioritized several recurrent functional non-coding variants that, through downregulation of CDC20, led to perturbation of key melanoma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Godoy
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abimbola Oyedeji
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacqueline L Mudd
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vasilios A Morikis
- Departments of Medicine (Oncology) and Cell Biology and Physiology and the ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Anna P Zarov
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory D Longmore
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Departments of Medicine (Oncology) and Cell Biology and Physiology and the ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ryan C Fields
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles K Kaufman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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7
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Rojas J, Oz T, Jonak K, Lyzak O, Massaad V, Biriuk O, Zachariae W. Spo13/MEIKIN ensures a Two-Division meiosis by preventing the activation of APC/C Ama1 at meiosis I. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114288. [PMID: 37728253 PMCID: PMC10577557 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome haploidization at meiosis depends on two consecutive nuclear divisions, which are controlled by an oscillatory system consisting of Cdk1-cyclin B and the APC/C bound to the Cdc20 activator. How the oscillator generates exactly two divisions has been unclear. We have studied this question in yeast where exit from meiosis involves accumulation of the APC/C activator Ama1 at meiosis II. We show that inactivation of the meiosis I-specific protein Spo13/MEIKIN results in a single-division meiosis due to premature activation of APC/CAma1 . In the wild type, Spo13 bound to the polo-like kinase Cdc5 prevents Ama1 synthesis at meiosis I by stabilizing the translational repressor Rim4. In addition, Cdc5-Spo13 inhibits the activity of Ama1 by converting the B-type cyclin Clb1 from a substrate to an inhibitor of Ama1. Cdc20-dependent degradation of Spo13 at anaphase I unleashes a feedback loop that increases Ama1's synthesis and activity, leading to irreversible exit from meiosis at the second division. Thus, by repressing the exit machinery at meiosis I, Cdc5-Spo13 ensures that cells undergo two divisions to produce haploid gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Rojas
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
- Present address:
Laboratory of GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Tugce Oz
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Katarzyna Jonak
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
- Present address:
Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Oleksii Lyzak
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Vinal Massaad
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Olha Biriuk
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
| | - Wolfgang Zachariae
- Laboratory of Chromosome BiologyMax Planck Institute of BiochemistryMartinsriedGermany
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8
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Xian F, Zhao C, Huang C, Bie J, Xu G. The potential role of CDC20 in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and therapy: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35038. [PMID: 37682144 PMCID: PMC10489547 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell division cycle 20 homologue (CDC20) is known to regulate the cell cycle. Many studies have suggested that dysregulation of CDC20 is associated with various pathological processes in malignant solid tumors, including tumorigenesis, progression, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and poor prognosis, providing a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Some researchers have demonstrated that CDC20 also regulates apoptosis, immune microenvironment, and tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we have systematically summarized the biological functions of CDC20 in solid cancers. Furthermore, we briefly synthesized multiple medicines that inhibited CDC20. We anticipate that CDC20 will be a promising and effective biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xian
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oncology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Caixia Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chun Huang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Bie
- Department of Oncology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Guohui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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9
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Tsang MJ, Cheeseman IM. Alternative CDC20 translational isoforms tune mitotic arrest duration. Nature 2023; 617:154-161. [PMID: 37100900 PMCID: PMC10461078 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitotic defects activate the spindle-assembly checkpoint, which inhibits the anaphase-promoting complex co-activator CDC20 to induce a prolonged cell cycle arrest1,2. Once errors are corrected, the spindle-assembly checkpoint is silenced, allowing anaphase onset to occur. However, in the presence of persistent unresolvable errors, cells can undergo 'mitotic slippage', exiting mitosis into a tetraploid G1 state and escaping the cell death that results from a prolonged arrest. The molecular logic that enables cells to balance these duelling mitotic arrest and slippage behaviours remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that human cells modulate the duration of their mitotic arrest through the presence of conserved, alternative CDC20 translational isoforms. Downstream translation initiation results in a truncated CDC20 isoform that is resistant to spindle-assembly-checkpoint-mediated inhibition and promotes mitotic exit even in the presence of mitotic perturbations. Our study supports a model in which the relative levels of CDC20 translational isoforms control the duration of mitotic arrest. During a prolonged mitotic arrest, new protein synthesis and differential CDC20 isoform turnover create a timer, with mitotic exit occurring once the truncated Met43 isoform achieves sufficient levels. Targeted molecular changes or naturally occurring cancer mutations that alter CDC20 isoform ratios or its translational control modulate mitotic arrest duration and anti-mitotic drug sensitivity, with potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Jane Tsang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Iain M Cheeseman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Chen C, Piano V, Alex A, Han SJY, Huis In 't Veld PJ, Roy B, Fergle D, Musacchio A, Joglekar AP. The structural flexibility of MAD1 facilitates the assembly of the Mitotic Checkpoint Complex. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1529. [PMID: 36934097 PMCID: PMC10024682 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37235-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) safeguards the genome during cell division by generating an effector molecule known as the Mitotic Checkpoint Complex (MCC). The MCC comprises two subcomplexes: BUBR1:BUB3 and CDC20:MAD2, and the formation of CDC20:MAD2 is the rate-limiting step during MCC assembly. Recent studies show that the rate of CDC20:MAD2 formation is significantly accelerated by the cooperative binding of CDC20 to the SAC proteins MAD1 and BUB1. However, the molecular basis for this acceleration is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the structural flexibility of MAD1 at a conserved hinge near the C-terminus is essential for catalytic MCC assembly. This MAD1 hinge enables the MAD1:MAD2 complex to assume a folded conformation in vivo. Importantly, truncating the hinge reduces the rate of MCC assembly in vitro and SAC signaling in vivo. Conversely, mutations that preserve hinge flexibility retain SAC signaling, indicating that the structural flexibility of the hinge, rather than a specific amino acid sequence, is important for SAC signaling. We summarize these observations as the 'knitting model' that explains how the folded conformation of MAD1:MAD2 promotes CDC20:MAD2 assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chen
- Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Ageing, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Valentina Piano
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Amal Alex
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Simon J Y Han
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Pim J Huis In 't Veld
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
| | - Babhrubahan Roy
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel Fergle
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Andrea Musacchio
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, 44227, Germany
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45141, Germany
| | - Ajit P Joglekar
- Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Abstract
The cancers of the cervix, endometrium, ovary, and breast are great threats to women's health. Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of cells and deregulated cell cycle progression is one of the main causes of malignancy. Agents targeting cell cycle regulators may have potential anti-tumor effects. CDC20 (cell division cycle 20 homologue) is a co-activator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and thus acts as a mitotic regulator. In addition, CDC20 serves as a subunit of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) whose function is to inhibit APC/C. Recently, higher expression of CDC20 has been reported in these cancers and was closely associated with their clinicopathological parameters, indicating CDC20 a potential target for cancer treatment that is worth further study. In the present review, we summarized current progress and put forward perspectives of CDC20 in female reproductive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Chen OJ, Castellsagué E, Moustafa-Kamal M, Nadaf J, Rivera B, Fahiminiya S, Wang Y, Gamache I, Pacifico C, Jiang L, Carrot-Zhang J, Witkowski L, Berghuis AM, Schönberger S, Schneider D, Hillmer M, Bens S, Siebert R, Stewart CJR, Zhang Z, Chao WCH, Greenwood CMT, Barford D, Tischkowitz M, Majewski J, Foulkes WD, Teodoro JG. Germline Missense Variants in CDC20 Result in Aberrant Mitotic Progression and Familial Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:3499-3515. [PMID: 35913887 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CDC20 is a coactivator of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and is essential for mitotic progression. APC/CCDC20 is inhibited by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which prevents premature separation of sister chromatids and aneuploidy in daughter cells. Although overexpression of CDC20 is common in many cancers, oncogenic mutations have never been identified in humans. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified heterozygous missense CDC20 variants (L151R and N331K) that segregate with ovarian germ cell tumors in two families. Functional characterization showed these mutants retain APC/C activation activity but have impaired binding to BUBR1, a component of the SAC. Expression of L151R and N331K variants promoted mitotic slippage in HeLa cells and primary skin fibroblasts derived from carriers. Generation of mice carrying the N331K variant using CRISPR-Cas9 showed that, although homozygous N331K mice were nonviable, heterozygotes displayed accelerated oncogenicity of Myc-driven cancers. These findings highlight an unappreciated role for CDC20 variants as tumor-promoting genes. SIGNIFICANCE Two germline CDC20 missense variants that segregate with cancer in two families compromise the spindle assembly checkpoint and lead to aberrant mitotic progression, which could predispose cells to transformation. See related commentary by Villarroya-Beltri and Malumbres, p. 3432.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen J Chen
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ester Castellsagué
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics and Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Moustafa-Kamal
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Javad Nadaf
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Barbara Rivera
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Hereditary Cancer Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Somayyeh Fahiminiya
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yilin Wang
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Gamache
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Caterina Pacifico
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lai Jiang
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jian Carrot-Zhang
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Leora Witkowski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics and Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Albert M Berghuis
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stefan Schönberger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Schneider
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Dortmund Municipal Hospital, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Morten Hillmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne Bens
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm & Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Colin J R Stewart
- Department of Histopathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, and School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ziguo Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - William C H Chao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Barford
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics and Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Department of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Medical Genetics and Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jose G Teodoro
- Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Peng Q, Huang H, Zhu C, Hou Q, Wei S, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Sun X. CDC20 May Serve as a Potential Biomarker-Based Risk Score System in Predicting the Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:8421813. [PMID: 36193067 PMCID: PMC9526619 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8421813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The specificity and sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnostic markers are limited, hindering the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC patients. Therefore, improving prognostic biomarkers for patients with HCC is urgently needed. Methods HCC-related datasets were downloaded from the public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and adjacent nontumor liver tissues were then identified. Moreover, the intersection of DEGs in four datasets (GSE138178, GSE77509, GSE84006, and TCGA) was used in the functional enrichment, and module genes were obtained by a coexpression network. Cox and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to identify overall survival- (OS-) related genes from module genes. Area under the curve (AUC) > 0.9 of OS-related genes was then carried out in order to perform the protein-protein interaction network. The feature genes were identified by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Furthermore, the hub gene was identified through the univariate Cox model, after which the correlation analysis between the hub gene and pathways was explored. Finally, infiltration in immune cell types in HCC was analyzed. Results A total of 2,227 upregulated genes and 1,501 downregulated DEGs were obtained in all four datasets, which were mainly found to be involved in the cell cycle and retinol metabolism. Accordingly, 998 OS-related genes were screened to construct the LASSO model. Finally, 8 feature genes (BUB1, CCNB1, CCNB2, CCNA2, AURKB, CDC20, OIP5, and TTK) were obtained. CDC20 was shown to serve as a poor prognostic gene in HCC and was mainly involved in the cell cycle. Moreover, a positive correlation was noted between the high degree of infiltration with Th2 and CDC20. Conclusion High expression of CDC20 predicted poor survival, as potential target in the treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliu Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, 530201 Guangxi, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Wuming Hospital, Nanning 530199, China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, 530201 Guangxi, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shangmou Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, 530201 Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xing Sun
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Bai S, Sun L, Wang X, Wang SM, Luo ZQ, Wang Y, Jin QW. Recovery from spindle checkpoint-mediated arrest requires a novel Dnt1-dependent APC/C activation mechanism. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010397. [PMID: 36108046 PMCID: PMC9514617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The activated spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) potently inhibits the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) to ensure accurate chromosome segregation at anaphase. Early studies have recognized that the SAC should be silenced within minutes to enable rapid APC/C activation and synchronous segregation of chromosomes once all kinetochores are properly attached, but the underlying silencers are still being elucidated. Here, we report that the timely silencing of SAC in fission yeast requires dnt1+, which causes severe thiabendazole (TBZ) sensitivity and increased rate of lagging chromosomes when deleted. The absence of Dnt1 results in prolonged inhibitory binding of mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) to APC/C and attenuated protein levels of Slp1Cdc20, consequently slows the degradation of cyclin B and securin, and eventually delays anaphase entry in cells released from SAC activation. Interestingly, Dnt1 physically associates with APC/C upon SAC activation. We propose that this association may fend off excessive and prolonged MCC binding to APC/C and help to maintain Slp1Cdc20 stability. This may allow a subset of APC/C to retain activity, which ensures rapid anaphase onset and mitotic exit once SAC is inactivated. Therefore, our study uncovered a new player in dictating the timing and efficacy of APC/C activation, which is actively required for maintaining cell viability upon recovery from the inhibition of APC/C by spindle checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuang-min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhou-qing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (YW); (QJ)
| | - Yamei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (YW); (QJ)
| | - Quan-wen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (ZL); (YW); (QJ)
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Mao DD, Cleary RT, Gujar A, Mahlokozera T, Kim AH. CDC20 regulates sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation in glioblastoma stem cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270251. [PMID: 35737702 PMCID: PMC9223386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are an important subpopulation in glioblastoma, implicated in tumor growth, tumor recurrence, and radiation resistance. Understanding the cellular mechanisms for chemo- and radiation resistance could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that CDC20 promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. CDC20 knockdown does not increase TMZ- and radiation-induced DNA damage, or alter DNA damage repair, but rather promotes cell death through accumulation of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bim. Our results identify a CDC20 signaling pathway that regulates chemo- and radiosensitivity in GSCs, with the potential for CDC20-targeted therapeutic strategies in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane D. Mao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ryan T. Cleary
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Amit Gujar
- The Jackson Laboratory in Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Tatenda Mahlokozera
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Albert H. Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li C, Li J, Lu P. Identification of key genes involved in Brg1 mutation-induced cataract using bioinformatics analyses with publicly available microarray data. Acta Biochim Pol 2021; 68:733-737. [PMID: 34731561 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cataract is a common and frequently occurring disease in the elderly. The Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) is believed to be related to the formation of cataract, but its mechanisms still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate how a Brg1 mutation affects lens development and promotes the formation of cataract in mice. METHODS We used mRNA profiles downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to compare the tissue samples of lenses from 4 dominant-negative Brg1(dnBrg1) transgenic mice and 4 wild-type mice. Then, the NetworkAnalyst online tool was employed to screen for the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Reactome pathway analysis were examined in DEGs by using Metascape. In addition, we applied the STRING online tool and Cytoscape software to build the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, the CytoNCA plug-in was used to choose the central modules from the PPI network. RESULTS 323 DEGs were filtered in total, 222 of which were up-regulated genes and enriched in the cell cycle process regulation, mitotic G1-G1/S phase, mRNA splicing, etc., while 101 of which were down-regulated genes and enriched in the organ hydroxy compound transport, synaptic vesicle cycle and neuron migration. Within this network of PPI, we found that the heat shock protein 90 alpha (cytosolic), class B member 1 (HSP90ab1), the polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide E (Polr2e), the cell division cycle 20 (Cdc20) and the polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C (Polr2c) had higher connectivity degrees and may interact and influence each other. CONCLUSIONS The Brg1 mutation affected expression of various genes in mice, such as HSP90ab1, Polr2e, Cdc20, and Polr2c. These genes may have some effects on the occurrence and development of cataract, and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the cataract treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Shizi Street 188, Suzhou, 21006, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor with a high morbidity and mortality worldwide. It has been reported that V-Myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog-like 2 (MYBL2) could be a promising prognostic biomarker for GC. However, the specific role of MYBL2 in GC progression remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine the role of MYBL2 in GC progression and investigate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mRNA levels of target genes were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and protein expression was measured with western blot analysis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were employed to inspect HGC-27 cell proliferation, and cellular apoptosis was determined with TUNEL staining. Finally, the interaction of MYBL2 and cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) was verified with immunoprecipitation. RESULTS MYBL2 was confirmed to be overexpressed in GC cells. MYBL2 knockdown inhibited HGC-27 cell proliferation and promoted cellular apoptosis, and these effects were reversed by CDC20 overexpression. Interestingly, MYBL2 interacted with CDC20 and regulated its expression. MYBL2 knockdown also inhibited activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, while CDC20 overexpression showed the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the synergy between MYBL2 and CDC20 induced the proliferation of GC cells and inhibited cell apoptosis; these effects may have involved the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, MYBL2 may be a promising target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, China
| | - Linju Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, China
| | - Long Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, China
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Pant R, Alam A, Choksi A, Shah VK, Firmal P, Chattopadhyay S. Chromatin remodeling protein SMAR1 regulates adipogenesis by modulating the expression of PPARγ. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:159045. [PMID: 34450266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adipogenesis is described as the process of conversion of pre-adipocytes into differentiated lipid-laden adipocytes. Adipogenesis is known to be regulated by a myriad of transcription factors and co-regulators. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the mechanisms that regulate these transcription factors and hence control adipogenesis. PPARγ is the master transcriptional regulator of adipogenesis and its expression is essential for adipocyte differentiation. Herein, we identified that scaffold/matrix attachment region-binding protein 1 (SMAR1) negatively regulates adipogenesis. We observed that SMAR1 gets downregulated during adipocyte differentiation and knockdown of SMAR1 promotes lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation. Mechanistically, we have shown that SMAR1 suppresses PPARγ through recruitment of the HDAC1/mSin3a repressor complex to the PPARγ promoter. We further identified cell division cycle 20 (cdc20) mediated proteasomal degradation of SMAR1 during adipogenesis. Moreover, knockdown of cdc20 resulted in stabilization of SMAR1 and a reduction in adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, our observations suggest that SMAR1 functions as a negative regulator of adipogenesis by inhibiting PPARγ expression in differentiating adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Pant
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Aftab Alam
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India; Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States of America
| | - Arpankumar Choksi
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Vibhuti Kumar Shah
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Priyanka Firmal
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Samit Chattopadhyay
- National Centre for Cell Science, S P Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India; Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, NH 17B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India; Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; 4, Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Dai L, Song ZX, Wei DP, Zhang JD, Liang JQ, Wang BB, Ma WT, Li LY, Dang YL, Zhao L, Zhang LM, Zhao YM. CDC20 and PTTG1 are Important Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Adv Ther 2021; 38:2973-2989. [PMID: 33881746 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is responsible for most prostate cancer (PCa) deaths worldwide. The present study aims to explore the molecular differences between mPCa and PCa. METHODS The authors downloaded GSE6752, GSE6919, and GSE32269 from the Gene Expression Omnibus and employed integrated analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between mPCa and PCa. Functional and pathway-enrichment analyses were performed, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and modules were constructed. Clinical mPCa specimens were collected to verify the results by performing RT-qPCR. The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to conduct a survival analysis, and an immunohistochemical assay was performed. The invasion ability of PCa cells was verified by Transwell assay. RESULTS One-hundred six consistently DEGs were found in mPCa compared with PCa. DEGs significantly enriched the positive regulation of cell proliferation, cell division, and cell adhesion in small cell lung cancer and PCa. Cell division, nucleoplasm, and cell cycle were selected from the PPI network, and the top 10 hub genes were selected. CDC20 and PTTG1 with genetic alterations were significantly associated with poorer disease-free survival. Immunohistochemical assay results showed that the expression levels of CDC20 and PTTG1 in mPCa were higher than those in PCa. The results of the migration assay indicated that CDC20 and PTTG1 could enhance the migration ability of PCa cells. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that CDC20 and PTTG1 contribute more to migration, progression, and poorer prognoses in mPCa compared with PCa. CDC20 and PTTG1 could represent therapeutic targets in mPCa medical research and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dai
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.
| | - Zi-Xuan Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Da-Peng Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Ji-Dong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Bai-Bing Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Wang-Teng Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Li-Ying Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Yin-Lu Dang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Operating Department, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China
| | - Yu-Ming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No. 258 of Cultural North Road, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, 066000, China.
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Xiong C, Wang Z, Wang G, Zhang C, Jin S, Jiang G, Bai D. Identification of CDC20 as an immune infiltration-correlated prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1439-1453. [PMID: 33942202 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases play essential roles in HCC, such as regulating progression, migration, and metastasis. We aimed to explore a hub E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase gene and verify its association with prognosis and immune cell infiltration in HCC. Cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) was identified as a hub E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase in HCC by determining the intersecting genes in a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using HCC data from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and the gene list of 919 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. DEGs and their correlations with clinicopathological features were explored in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), ICGC, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The prognostic value of CDC20 was illustrated by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves and Cox regression analyses. Subsequently, the correlation between CDC20 and immune infiltration was demonstrated via the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). CDC20 expression was significantly higher in HCC than in normal tissues (all P < 0.05). High CDC20 expression predicted a poor prognosis and might be an independent risk factor in HCC (P < 0.05). Additionally, CDC20 was correlated with the immune infiltration of CD8 + T cells, T cells (general), monocytes, and exhausted T cells. This study reveals the potential prognostic value of CDC20 in HCC and demonstrates that CDC20 may be an immune-associated therapeutic target in HCC because of its correlation with immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xiong
- Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhihuai Wang
- Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guifu Wang
- Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 98 West Nantong Rd, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 98 West Nantong Rd, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqing Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 98 West Nantong Rd, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dousheng Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 98 West Nantong Rd, 225009, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Guo Z, Dai Y, Hu W, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Pei W, Liu N, Nie J, Wu A, Mao W, Chang L, Li B, Pei H, Hei TK, Zhou G. The long noncoding RNA CRYBG3 induces aneuploidy by interfering with spindle assembly checkpoint via direct binding with Bub3. Oncogene 2021; 40:1821-1835. [PMID: 33564066 PMCID: PMC7946627 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a hallmark of genomic instability that leads to tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. CDC20, Bub1, and Bub3 form the mitosis checkpoint complex (MCC) that binds the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C), a crucial factor of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), to ensure the bi-directional attachment and proper segregation of all sister chromosomes. However, just how MCC is regulated to ensure normal mitosis during cellular division remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that LNC CRYBG3, an ionizing radiation-inducible long noncoding RNA, directly binds with Bub3 and interrupts its interaction with CDC20 to result in aneuploidy. The 261-317 (S3) residual of the LNC CRYBG3 sequence is critical for its interaction with Bub3 protein. Overexpression of LNC CRYBG3 leads to aneuploidy and promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer cells, implying that LNC CRYBG3 is a novel oncogene. These findings provide a novel mechanistic basis for the pathogenesis of NSCLC after exposure to ionizing radiation as well as a potential target for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of an often fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Center for Radiological Research, College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yingchu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhifei Cao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weiwei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ningang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Anqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Tom K Hei
- Center for Radiological Research, College of Physician and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Guangming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institute of Space Life Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Shen P, He X, Lan L, Hong Y, Lin M. Identification of cell division cycle 20 as a candidate biomarker and potential therapeutic target in bladder cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20194429. [PMID: 32677673 PMCID: PMC7385587 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As bladder cancer (BC) is very heterogeneous and complicated in the genetic level, exploring genes to serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is practical. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and downloaded the eligible microarray datasets. After intersection analysis for identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of included datasets, overlapped DEGs were identified and subsequently analyzed with Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) and hub genes identification. Hub genes were further analyzed with mRNA expression comparation in Oncomine and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, proteomics-based validation in The Human Protein Atlas (THPA) and survival analysis in GEO and Oncolnc database. RESULTS We analyzed five eligible GEO datasets and identified 76 overlapped DEGs mapped into PPI network with 459 edges which were mainly enriched in cell cycle pathway and related terms in GO and KEGG analysis. Among five identified hub genes, which are Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1), Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2 C (UBE2C), Cell Division Cycle 20 (CDC20), Microtubule Nucleation Factor (TPX2) and Cell Division Cycle Associated 8 (CDCA8); CDC20 and CDCA8 were confirmed as significant in mRNA expression comparation and proteomics-based validation. However, only CDC20 was considered prognostically significant in both GEO and Oncolnc database. CONCLUSIONS CDC20 and CDCA8 were identified as candidate diagnostic biomarkers for BC in the present study; however, only CDC20 was validated as prognostically valuable and may possibly serve as a candidate prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Still, further validation studies are essential and indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Shen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xuejun He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Lin Lan
- The Second ward, Shantou University Mental Health Center, Shantou, China
| | - Yingkai Hong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mingen Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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He Y, Li R, Gu L, Deng H, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Yu S, Wang G. Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome-Cdc-20 promotes Zwint-1 degradation. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:451-459. [PMID: 31945194 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ZW10 interactor (Zwint-1) is an important component of the centromere and can recruit the dynamic protein kinase and dynein to promote chromosome movement and regulate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Zwint-1 activity is tightly regulated during the cell cycle. However, how the stability of Zwint-1 is regulated has not been clarified. Here, we show that the relative levels of Zwint-1 expression gradually decreased with the progression of cell cycling and decline sharply during mitotic exit. Treatment with cycloheximide reduced the levels of Zwint-1 while treatment with MG132 to inhibit endogenous ubiquitin-proteasome elevated the levels of Zwint-1 in HEK293T cells or Hela cells. Such data suggest that Zwint-1 may be degraded by endogenous ubiquitin-proteasome. Furthermore, induction of cell-division cycle protein 20 (Cdc20) overexpression decreased the levels of Zwint-1, which was abrogated by MG132 treatment. In contrast, Cdc20 silencing promoted the accumulation of Zwint-1. in vivo ubiquitination assay revealed that Cdc20 promoted the formation of Zwint-1 and ubiquitin-proteasome conjugates. Cotransfection with Cdc20 and wild-type Zwint-1, but not Zwint-1ΔD-box , reduced the levels of Zwint-1. Immunoprecipitation and western blot analyses showed that Cdc20 interacted with wild-type Zwint-1, but not Zwint-1ΔD-box although both Zwint-1 and Zwint-1ΔD-box overexpression did not induce mitotic arrest. Collectively, our data indicated that Zwint-1 was ubiquitinated by anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-Cdc20 in a D-box-dependent manner. Therefore, the APC/C-Cdc20 controls the stability of Zwint-1, ensuring accurate regulation of the spindle assembly during the cell cycling in HEK293T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liming Gu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huixiong Deng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingzhu Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shun Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Gefei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Pathogen Biology and Immunology Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Fujimitsu K, Yamano H. PP2A-B56 binds to Apc1 and promotes Cdc20 association with the APC/C ubiquitin ligase in mitosis. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48503. [PMID: 31825153 PMCID: PMC6945068 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle progression and genome stability are regulated by a ubiquitin ligase, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) has long been implicated in APC/C activation; however, the molecular mechanisms of governing this process in vivo are largely unknown. Recently, a Cdk1-dependent phosphorylation relay within Apc3-Apc1 subunits has been shown to alleviate Apc1-mediated auto-inhibition by which a mitotic APC/C co-activator Cdc20 binds to and activates the APC/C. However, the underlying mechanism for dephosphorylation of Cdc20 and APC/C remains elusive. Here, we show that a disordered loop domain of Apc1 (Apc1-loop500 ) directly binds the B56 regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and stimulates Cdc20 loading to the APC/C. Using the APC/C reconstitution system in Xenopus egg extracts, we demonstrate that mutations in Apc1-loop500 that abolish B56 binding decrease Cdc20 loading and APC/C-dependent ubiquitylation. Conversely, a non-phosphorylatable mutant Cdc20 can efficiently bind the APC/C even when PP2A-B56 binding is impeded. Furthermore, PP2A-B56 preferentially dephosphorylates Cdc20 over the Apc1 inhibitory domain. These results indicate that Apc1-loop500 plays a role in dephosphorylating Cdc20, promoting APC/C-Cdc20 complex formation in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Fujimitsu
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Hiroyuki Yamano
- Cell Cycle Control GroupUCL Cancer InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Holder J, Poser E, Barr FA. Getting out of mitosis: spatial and temporal control of mitotic exit and cytokinesis by PP1 and PP2A. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2908-2924. [PMID: 31494926 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Here, we will review the evidence showing that mitotic exit is initiated by regulated proteolysis and then driven by the PPP family of phosphoserine/threonine phosphatases. Rapid APC/CCDC20 and ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of cyclin B and securin initiates sister chromatid separation, the first step of mitotic exit. Because proteolysis of Aurora and Polo family kinases dependent on APC/CCDH1 is relatively slow, this creates a new regulatory state, anaphase, different to G2 and M-phase. We will discuss how the CDK1-counteracting phosphatases PP1 and PP2A-B55, together with Aurora and Polo kinases, contribute to the temporal regulation and order of events in the different stages of mitotic exit from anaphase to cytokinesis. For PP2A-B55, these timing properties are created by the ENSA-dependent inhibitory pathway and differential recognition of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine. Finally, we will discuss how Aurora B and PP2A-B56 are needed for the spatial regulation of anaphase spindle formation and how APC/C-dependent destruction of PLK1 acts as a timer for abscission, the final event of cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Holder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Elena Poser
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, UK
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Hemati M, Haghiralsadat F, Jafary F, Moosavizadeh S, Moradi A. Targeting cell cycle protein in gastric cancer with CDC20siRNA and anticancer drugs (doxorubicin and quercetin) co-loaded cationic PEGylated nanoniosomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6575-6585. [PMID: 31616144 PMCID: PMC6699499 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s211844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In a past study, we developed and optimized a novel cationic PEGylated niosome containing anticancer drugs (doxorubicin or quercetin) and siRNA. This study intended to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of the combination therapy to target both the proteins and genes responsible for the development of gastric cancer. CDC20, known as an oncogene, is a good potential therapeutic candidate for gastric cancer. METHODS In order to increase the loading capacity of siRNA and achieve appropriate physical properties, we optimized the cationic PEGylated niosome in terms of the amount of the cationic lipids. Drugs (doxorubicin and quercetin) and CDC20siRNA were loaded into the co-delivery system, and physical characteristics, thermosensitive controlled-release, gene silencing efficiency, and apoptosis rate were determined. RESULTS The results showed that the designed co-delivery system for the drugs and gene silencer had an appropriate size and a high positive charge for loading siRNA, and also showed a thermosensitive drug release behavior, which successfully silenced the CDC20 expression when compared with the single delivery of siRNA or the drug. Moreover, the co-delivery of drugs and CDC20siRNA exhibited a highly inhibitory property for the cell growth of gastric cancer cells. CONCLUSION It seems that the novel cationic PEGylated niosomes co-loaded with anticancer drug and CDC20siRNA has a promising application for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Hemati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fateme Haghiralsadat
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Jafary
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedmohammad Moosavizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Chen ZH, Jing YJ, Yu JB, Jin ZS, Li Z, He TT, Su XZ. ESRP1 Induces Cervical Cancer Cell G1-Phase Arrest Via Regulating Cyclin A2 mRNA Stability. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153705. [PMID: 31362365 PMCID: PMC6695732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) can inhibit the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thus playing a central role in regulating the metastatic progression of tumors. However, it is still not clear whether ESRP1 directly influences the cell cycle, or what the possible underlying molecular mechanisms are. In this study, we showed that ESRP1 protein levels were significantly correlated with the Ki-67 proliferative index (r = −0.521; p < 0.01), and that ESRP1 overexpression can significantly inhibit cervical carcinoma cell proliferation and induced G1-phase arrest by downregulating cyclin A2 expression. Importantly, ESRP1 can bind to GGUGGU sequence in the 3′UTR of the cyclin A2 mRNA, and ESRP1 overexpression significantly decreases the stability of the cyclin A2 mRNA. In addition, our experimental results confirm that ESRP1 overexpression results in enhanced CDC20 expression, which is known to be responsible for cyclin A2 degradation. This study provides the first evidence that ESRP1 overexpression induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest via reducing the stability of the cyclin A2 mRNA, and inhibits cervical carcinoma cell proliferation. The findings suggest that the ESRP1/cyclin A2 regulatory axis may be essential as a regulator of cell proliferation, and may thus represent an attractive target for cervical cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengxiang Road, Baise 533000, China.
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3, Tongxiang Street, Mudanjiang 157011, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Jing
- Sciences Research Center, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengxiang Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Jian-Bo Yu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3, Tongxiang Street, Mudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Zai-Shu Jin
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3, Tongxiang Street, Mudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3, Tongxiang Street, Mudanjiang 157011, China
| | - Ting-Ting He
- Sciences Research Center, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengxiang Road, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xiu-Zhen Su
- Sciences Research Center, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Chengxiang Road, Baise 533000, China
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Hewit K, Sandilands E, Martinez RS, James D, Leung HY, Bryant DM, Shanks E, Markert EK. A functional genomics screen reveals a strong synergistic effect between docetaxel and the mitotic gene DLGAP5 that is mediated by the androgen receptor. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1069. [PMID: 30341281 PMCID: PMC6195526 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Based on a molecular classification of prostate cancer using gene expression pathway signatures, we derived a set of 48 genes in critical pathways that significantly predicts clinical outcome in all tested patient cohorts. We tested these genes in a functional genomics screen in a panel of three prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, DU145), using RNA interference. The screen revealed several genes whose knockdown caused strong growth inhibition in all cell lines. Additionally, we tested the gene set in the presence of docetaxel to see whether any gene exhibited additive or synergistic effects with the drug. We observed a strong synergistic effect between DLGAP5 knockdown and docetaxel in the androgen-sensitive line LNCaP, but not in the two other androgen-independent lines. We then tested whether this effect was connected to androgen pathways and found that knockdown of the androgen receptor by si-RNA attenuated the synergy significantly. Similarly, androgen desensitized LNCaP-AI cells had a higher IC50 to docetaxel and did not exhibit the synergistic interaction. Short-term exposure to enzalutamide did not significantly alter the behaviour of parental LNCaP cells. An immunofluorescence analysis in LNCaP cells suggests that under the double insult of DLGAP5 knockdown and docetaxel, cells predominantly arrest in metaphase. In contrast, the knockdown of the androgen receptor by siRNA appears to assist cells to progress through metaphase in to anaphase, even in the presence of docetaxel. Our data suggest that DLGAP5 has a unique function in stabilizing spindle formation and surviving microtubule assault from docetaxel, in an androgen-regulated cell cycle system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Hewit
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, NSS, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emma Sandilands
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Daniel James
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - David M Bryant
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emma Shanks
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Elke K Markert
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Allan LA, Skowyra A, Rogers KI, Zeller D, Clarke PR. Atypical APC/C-dependent degradation of Mcl-1 provides an apoptotic timer during mitotic arrest. EMBO J 2018; 37:e96831. [PMID: 29987118 PMCID: PMC6120658 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201796831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation of apoptosis in response to the disruption of mitosis provides surveillance against chromosome instability. Here, we show that proteolytic destruction of the key regulator Mcl-1 during an extended mitosis requires the anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) and is independent of another ubiquitin E3 ligase, SCFFbw7 Using live-cell imaging, we show that the loss of Mcl-1 during mitosis is dependent on a D box motif found in other APC/C substrates, while an isoleucine-arginine (IR) C-terminal tail regulates the manner in which Mcl-1 engages with the APC/C, converting Mcl-1 from a Cdc20-dependent and checkpoint-controlled substrate to one that is degraded independently of checkpoint strength. This mechanism ensures a relatively slow but steady rate of Mcl-1 degradation during mitosis and avoids its catastrophic destruction when the mitotic checkpoint is satisfied, providing an apoptotic timer that can distinguish a prolonged mitotic delay from normal mitosis. Importantly, we also show that inhibition of Cdc20 promotes mitotic cell death more effectively than loss of APC/C activity through differential effects on Mcl-1 degradation, providing an improved strategy to kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Allan
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Agnieszka Skowyra
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Katie I Rogers
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Désirée Zeller
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Paul R Clarke
- Division of Cancer Research, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Faculty of Medicine Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Qld, Australia
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Chaurasia S, Lehner CF. Dynamics and control of sister kinetochore behavior during the meiotic divisions in Drosophila spermatocytes. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007372. [PMID: 29734336 PMCID: PMC5957430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sister kinetochores are connected to the same spindle pole during meiosis I and to opposite poles during meiosis II. The molecular mechanisms controlling the distinct behavior of sister kinetochores during the two meiotic divisions are poorly understood. To study kinetochore behavior during meiosis, we have optimized time lapse imaging with Drosophila spermatocytes, enabling kinetochore tracking with high temporal and spatial resolution through both meiotic divisions. The correct bipolar orientation of chromosomes within the spindle proceeds rapidly during both divisions. Stable bi-orientation of the last chromosome is achieved within ten minutes after the onset of kinetochore-microtubule interactions. Our analyses of mnm and tef mutants, where univalents instead of bivalents are present during meiosis I, indicate that the high efficiency of normal bi-orientation depends on pronounced stabilization of kinetochore attachments to spindle microtubules by the mechanical tension generated by spindle forces upon bi-orientation. Except for occasional brief separation episodes, sister kinetochores are so closely associated that they cannot be resolved individually by light microscopy during meiosis I, interkinesis and at the start of meiosis II. Permanent evident separation of sister kinetochores during M II depends on spindle forces resulting from bi-orientation. In mnm and tef mutants, sister kinetochore separation can be observed already during meiosis I in bi-oriented univalents. Interestingly, however, this sister kinetochore separation is delayed until the metaphase to anaphase transition and depends on the Fzy/Cdc20 activator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. We propose that univalent bi-orientation in mnm and tef mutants exposes a release of sister kinetochore conjunction that occurs also during normal meiosis I in preparation for bi-orientation of dyads during meiosis II. For production of oocytes and sperm, cells have to complete meiosis which includes two successive divisions. These divisions convert diploid cells with a maternal and a paternal copy of each chromosome into haploid cells with only one copy of each chromosome. Chromosome copy reduction requires regulation of sister kinetochore behavior during the meiotic divisions. Kinetochores are protein networks assembled at the start of divisions within the centromeric region of chromosomes. They provide attachment sites for spindle microtubules which in turn exert poleward pulling forces. During pre-meiotic S phase, each chromosome is duplicated into two closely associated sister chromatids. At the start of the first meiotic division, both sister chromatids together assemble only one functional kinetochore, permitting subsequent separation of paired homologous chromosomes to opposite spindle poles. In contrast, at the onset of the second meiotic division, each sister chromatid organizes its own kinetochore followed by separation of sister chromatids to opposite spindle poles. To analyze when and how sister kinetochores are individualized, we have improved time lapse imaging with Drosophila spermatocytes. Our analyses in normal and genetically altered spermatocytes suggest that the release of sister kinetochore conjunction occurs during the first meiotic division after activation of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Chaurasia
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (IMLS), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian F. Lehner
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (IMLS), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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31
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Abstract
We aimed to identify crucial genes relevant to the development of consecutive trauma-induced sepsis.A microarray dataset was used to identify genes differentially expressed between peripheral blood samples from consecutive traumatized patients complicated with sepsis and not complicated with sepsis. The dataset GSE12624 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus, containing 34 peripheral blood samples from consecutive traumatized patients complicated by sepsis and 36 consecutive traumatized controls. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Linear Models for Microarray Data package. Then, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis for DEGs was performed by Onto-Express. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and pathway enrichment analysis was performed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING). Furthermore, protein complexes in the PPI network were predicted by ClusterONE and validated through GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, and protein domain analysis.Totally, 446 upregulated and 447 downregulated DEGs were identified. Some DEGs were related to acyl-CoA binding (eg, ACBD6), chromosome, and centromeric region (eg, CENPN). In the PPI network, some DEGs were enriched in renin-angiotensin system (RAS, eg, AGTR1 and AGTR2). Three predicted protein complexes were validated in the PPI network. Some genes composing protein complex A were associated with cell proliferation (eg, CDC20, CCNB1, MCM4, RPA2, and PRIM2), and several genes composing protein complex F were implicated in regulation of actin cytoskeleton (eg, PFN2, ARPC2, and WASL).The results suggest that those DEGs may be crucial in the etiology of consecutive trauma-induced sepsis, and they are expected to be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shunli Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
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Guo W, Zhong K, Wei H, Nie C, Yuan Z. Long non-coding RNA SPRY4-IT1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion by regulation of Cdc20 in pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193483. [PMID: 29489909 PMCID: PMC5831108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in the development of human cancers including pancreatic cancer. Long non-coding RNA SPRY4-IT1 (sprouty4-intron transcript 1) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in various types of human carcinomas. However, the role of SPRY4-IT1 in pancreatic cancer is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the function of SPRY4-IT1 on proliferation and invasion in pancreatic cancer. In the current study, we dissected the function and mechanism of SPRY4-IT1 by multiple approaches including Real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, MTT assay, Wound healing assay, Transwell assay, and transfection. We found that down-regulation of SPRY4-IT1 inhibited cell growth and induced cell apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, SPRY4-IT1 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, inhibition of SPRY4-IT1 retarded cell migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells. Overexpression of SPRY4-IT1 enhanced cell growth and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, suppression of SPRY4-IT1 inhibited the expression of Cdc20 in pancreatic cancer cells. Our findings demonstrated that inhibition of SPRY4-IT1 could be a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Guo
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunhong Zhong
- Lab of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Wei
- Lab of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Nie
- Lab of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Lab of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Bhunia S, Radha V, Chaudhuri A. CDC20siRNA and paclitaxel co-loaded nanometric liposomes of a nipecotic acid-derived cationic amphiphile inhibit xenografted neuroblastoma. Nanoscale 2017; 9:1201-1212. [PMID: 28045167 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant recent progress in the area of translational genomics of neuroblastoma, the overall survival rates for children with high-risk NB continue to be not more than 5 years due to tumor relapse and/or drug-resistant tumors. Herein we report on the development of a neuroblastoma targeting nanometric (130-150 nm) circulation stable liposomal system prepared from a novel nipecotic acid-derived cationic amphiphile (NACA). The size ranges of liposomes (130-150 nm) were confirmed by both dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The findings in the gel electrophoresis assay revealed that siRNAs encapsulated within the liposomes of NACA (with 90% entrapment efficiency) are protected from attack by RNase. Cellular uptake experiments using FAM-siRNA loaded liposomes of NACA showed the liposomal entry in human neuroblastoma cells (IMR-32) to be mediated via the GABAA receptor. CDC20siRNA-loaded liposomes of NACA caused significantly higher CDC20 gene silencing efficiency in IMR-32 cells compared to CDC20 gene knockdown efficiency mediated by CDC20siRNA-loaded control non-targeting liposomes (NTL). The findings in the annexin-V binding based flow cytometric apoptosis assay and MTT-based cellular cytotoxicity assay support the notion that pronounced (80%) neuroblastoma cell death upon treatment with CDC20siRNA & PTX co-loaded liposomes of NACA presumably originates from enhanced apoptosis of cells. Importantly, intravenously administered CDC20siRNA & PTX co-loaded liposomes of NACA significantly inhibited growth of xenografted human neuroblastoma in athymic nude mice. The presently disclosed strategy of co-delivering potent anticancer siRNA and small molecule chemotherapeutics using liposomes of NACA opens a new door for combating the dreaded disease of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Bhunia
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500007, India. and Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Vegesna Radha
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad-500007, India
| | - Arabinda Chaudhuri
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500007, India. and Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Cell division is a fascinating and fundamental process that sustains life. By this process, unicellular organisms reproduce and multicellular organisms sustain development, growth, and tissue repair. Division of a mother cell gives rise to two daughter cells according to an ordered set of events within four successive phases called G1 (gap1), S (DNA Synthesis), G2 (gap2), and M (Mitosis) phase. How these different phases are orchestrated to ensure the physical separation of the two daughter cells is a tightly regulated process. Indeed, inappropriate cell division could lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and ultimately to cancer. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model system for unraveling the secrets of cell division. A large community of researchers has chosen budding yeast as a model because of its advantages: rapid growth in simple and economical media, tractable genetics, powerful biochemistry, cell biology, and proteomics approaches. Furthermore, the cell cycle mechanisms, as elucidated in yeast, are conserved in higher eukaryotes. The ability to synchronize and get large numbers of cells in a particular stage of the cell cycle is crucial to properly explore the mechanisms of the cell cycle. An overview of the most common yeast synchronization techniques has been compiled in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angeles Juanes
- Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA, 02454, USA.
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35
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Di Fiore B, Wurzenberger C, Davey NE, Pines J. The Mitotic Checkpoint Complex Requires an Evolutionary Conserved Cassette to Bind and Inhibit Active APC/C. Mol Cell 2016; 64:1144-1153. [PMID: 27939943 PMCID: PMC5179498 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) ensures genomic stability by preventing sister chromatid separation until all chromosomes are attached to the spindle. It catalyzes the production of the Mitotic Checkpoint Complex (MCC), which inhibits Cdc20 to inactivate the Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C). Here we show that two Cdc20-binding motifs in BubR1 of the recently identified ABBA motif class are crucial for the MCC to recognize active APC/C-Cdc20. Mutating these motifs eliminates MCC binding to the APC/C, thereby abolishing the SAC and preventing cells from arresting in response to microtubule poisons. These ABBA motifs flank a KEN box to form a cassette that is highly conserved through evolution, both in the arrangement and spacing of the ABBA-KEN-ABBA motifs, and association with the amino-terminal KEN box required to form the MCC. We propose that the ABBA-KEN-ABBA cassette holds the MCC onto the APC/C by binding the two Cdc20 molecules in the MCC-APC/C complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Di Fiore
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Claudia Wurzenberger
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Norman E Davey
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jonathon Pines
- The Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK.
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36
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Jia L, Li B, Yu H. The Bub1-Plk1 kinase complex promotes spindle checkpoint signalling through Cdc20 phosphorylation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10818. [PMID: 26912231 PMCID: PMC4773433 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spindle checkpoint senses unattached kinetochores and inhibits the Cdc20-bound anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C), to delay anaphase, thereby preventing aneuploidy. A critical checkpoint inhibitor of APC/C(Cdc20) is the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). It is unclear whether MCC suffices to inhibit all cellular APC/C. Here we show that human checkpoint kinase Bub1 not only directly phosphorylates Cdc20, but also scaffolds Plk1-mediated phosphorylation of Cdc20. Phosphorylation of Cdc20 by Bub1-Plk1 inhibits APC/C(Cdc20) in vitro and is required for checkpoint signalling in human cells. Bub1-Plk1-dependent Cdc20 phosphorylation is regulated by upstream checkpoint signals and is dispensable for MCC assembly. A phospho-mimicking Cdc20 mutant restores nocodazole-induced mitotic arrest in cells depleted of Mad2 or BubR1. Thus, Bub1-Plk1-mediated phosphorylation of Cdc20 constitutes an APC/C-inhibitory mechanism that is parallel, but not redundant, to MCC formation. Both mechanisms are required to sustain mitotic arrest in response to spindle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Hongtao Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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37
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Niu B, Wang L, Zhang L, Ren D, Ren R, Copenhaver GP, Ma H, Wang Y. Arabidopsis Cell Division Cycle 20.1 Is Required for Normal Meiotic Spindle Assembly and Chromosome Segregation. Plant Cell 2015; 27:3367-82. [PMID: 26672070 PMCID: PMC4707457 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.15.00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell division requires proper spindle assembly; a surveillance pathway, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), monitors whether the spindle is normal and correctly attached to kinetochores. The SAC proteins regulate mitotic chromosome segregation by affecting CDC20 (Cell Division Cycle 20) function. However, it is unclear whether CDC20 regulates meiotic spindle assembly and proper homolog segregation. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana CDC20.1 gene is indispensable for meiosis and male fertility. We demonstrate that cdc20.1 meiotic chromosomes align asynchronously and segregate unequally and the metaphase I spindle has aberrant morphology. Comparison of the distribution of meiotic stages at different time points between the wild type and cdc20.1 reveals a delay of meiotic progression from diakinesis to anaphase I. Furthermore, cdc20.1 meiocytes exhibit an abnormal distribution of a histone H3 phosphorylation mark mediated by the Aurora kinase, providing evidence that CDC20.1 regulates Aurora localization for meiotic chromosome segregation. Further evidence that CDC20.1 and Aurora are functionally related was provided by meiosis-specific knockdown of At-Aurora1 expression, resulting in meiotic chromosome segregation defects similar to those of cdc20.1. Taken together, these results suggest a critical role for CDC20.1 in SAC-dependent meiotic chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baixiao Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liudan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ding Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ren Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gregory P Copenhaver
- Department of Biology and the Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280 Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280
| | - Hong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China Center for Evolutionary Biology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yingxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Zhang W, Gong W, Ai H, Tang J, Shen C. Gene expression analysis of lung adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent non-tumor lung tissue. Tumori 2014; 100:338-45. [PMID: 25076248 DOI: 10.1700/1578.17222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to find disease-associated genes and gene functions in lung adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent non-tumor lung tissues with DNA microarray. METHODS We downloaded the gene expression profile GSE32863 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database including 58 lung adenocarcinoma and 58 adjacent non-tumor lung tissue samples. Data were preprocessed and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using packages in the R computing language. The selected DEGs were further analyzed with bioinformatics methods. After the coexpression network of DEGs was constructed by STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins), we analyzed gene functions with DAVID (The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) and WebGestalt (WEB-based Gene Set Analysis Toolkit). RESULTS A total of 1429 genes were filtered as DEGs, including 873 downregulated genes and 556 upregulated genes, and the DEGs including CDC45, CCNB2, CDC20, MCM2, PTTG1, MCM4 and FEN1 were most significantly related to cell cycle and DNA replication. CONCLUSION The discovery of featured genes which were significantly related to cell cycle and DNA replication has potential for use in the clinic for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma in the future. However, further experiments will be needed to confirm our result.
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39
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Abstract
To guarantee genomic integrity and viability, the cell must ensure proper distribution of the replicated chromosomes among the two daughter cells in mitosis. The mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a central regulatory mechanism to achieve this goal. A dysfunction of this checkpoint may lead to aneuploidy and likely contributes to the development of cancer. Kinetochores of unattached or misaligned chromosomes are thought to generate a diffusible “wait-anaphase” signal, which is the basis for downstream events to inhibit the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). The rate of Cdc20:C-Mad2 complex formation at the kinetochore is a key regulatory factor in the context of APC/C inhibition. Computer simulations of a quantitative SAC model show that the formation of Cdc20:C-Mad2 is too slow for checkpoint maintenance when cytosolic O-Mad2 has to encounter kinetochores by diffusion alone. Here, we show that an active transport of O-Mad2 towards the spindle mid-zone increases the efficiency of Mad2-activation. Our in-silico data indicate that this mechanism can greatly enhance the formation of Cdc20:Mad2 and furthermore gives an explanation on how the “wait-anaphase” signal can dissolve abruptly within a short time. Our results help to understand parts of the SAC mechanism that remain unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Ibrahim
- Al-Qunfudah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, 1109 Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Richard Henze
- Bio Systems Analysis Group, Institute of Computer Science, Jena Center for Bioinformatics and Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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40
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Kelly A, Wickliffe KE, Song L, Fedrigo I, Rape M. Ubiquitin chain elongation requires E3-dependent tracking of the emerging conjugate. Mol Cell 2014; 56:232-245. [PMID: 25306918 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein modification with ubiquitin chains is an essential signaling event catalyzed by E3 ubiquitin ligases. Most human E3s contain a signature RING domain that recruits a ubiquitin-charged E2 and a separate domain for substrate recognition. How RING-E3s can build polymeric ubiquitin chains while binding substrates and E2s at defined interfaces remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the RING-E3 APC/C catalyzes chain elongation by strongly increasing the affinity of its E2 for the distal acceptor ubiquitin in a growing conjugate. This function of the APC/C requires its coactivator as well as conserved residues of the E2 and ubiquitin. APC/C's ability to track the tip of an emerging conjugate is required for APC/C-substrate degradation and accurate cell division. Our results suggest that RING-E3s tether the distal ubiquitin of a growing chain in proximity to the active site of their E2s, allowing them to assemble polymeric conjugates without altering their binding to substrate or E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Kelly
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Katherine E Wickliffe
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ling Song
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Indro Fedrigo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael Rape
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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41
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Ding ZY, Wu HR, Zhang JM, Huang GR, Ji DD. Expression characteristics of CDC20 in gastric cancer and its correlation with poor prognosis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:722-727. [PMID: 24551295 PMCID: PMC3925919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The cell division cycle 20 homolog (CDC20) expression is increased in diverse human cancers and plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the clinical significance of CDC20 expression in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic significance of CDC20 in GC. The CDC20 mRNA expression was measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of CDC20 protein in 131 clinicopathologically characterized GC cases. The relationship between CDC20 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed by appropriate statistics. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate the correlation between CDC20 expression and prognosis of GC patients. The relative mRNA expression of CDC20 were significantly higher in GC tumor tissues than in the corresponding noncancerous tissues (P<0.001). Simultaneously, CDC20 protein expression was positively correlated with tumor size (P=0.02), histological grade (P=0.037), lymph node involvement (P=0.009), and TNM stage (P=0.015). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high CDC20 expression had poor overall survival (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that high CDC20 expression was an independent predictor of overall survival. In conclusion, our data indicated that CDC20 upregulation was associated with aggressive progression and poor prognosis in GC. CDC20 was identified for the first time as an independent marker for predicting the clinical outcome of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated by Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Hao-Rong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityNo. 1055, Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated by Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Guo-Rong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated by Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Dong-Dong Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated by Nanjing Medical UniversityNo. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
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