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Sarveswaran N, Pamela Y, Reddy AAN, Mustari AP, Parthasarathi A, Mancini AJ, Bishnoi A, Inamadar AC, Olabi B, Browne F, Deshmukh GN, McWilliam K, Vinay K, Srinivas S, Ibbs S, Natarajan S, Rao V, Zawar V, Gowda VK, Shaikh SS, Moss C, Woods CG, Drissi I. Midfacial toddler excoriation syndrome (MiTES): case series, diagnostic criteria and evidence for a pathogenic mechanism. Br J Dermatol 2024; 191:437-446. [PMID: 38591490 PMCID: PMC11324070 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRDM12 polyalanine tract expansions cause two different disorders: midfacial toddler excoriation syndrome (MiTES; itch with normal pain sensation associated with 18 homozygous alanines (18A); and congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) with normal itch associated with 19 homozygous alanines (19A). Knowledge of the phenotype, genotype and disease mechanism of MiTES is incomplete. Why 18A vs. 19A PRDM12 can cause almost opposite phenotypes is unknown; no other polyalanine or polyglutamine tract expansion disease causes two such disparate phenotypes. OBJECTIVES To assess the genotype and phenotype of nine new, nine atypical and six previously reported patients diagnosed with MiTES. METHODS Using cell lines with homozygous PR domain zinc finger protein 12 (PRDM12) containing 12 alanines (12A; normal), 18A (MiTES) and 19A (CIP), we examined PRDM12 aggregation and subcellular localization by image-separation confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation Western blotting. RESULTS MiTES presents in the first year of life; in all cases the condition regresses over the first decade, leaving scarring. The MiTES phenotype is highly distinctive. Features overlapping with PRDM12 CIP are rarely found. The genotype-phenotype study of the PRDM12 polyalanine tract shows that having 7-15 alanines is normal; 16-18 alanines is associated with MiTES; 19 alanines leads to CIP; and no clinically atypical cases of MiTES had a polyalanine tract expansion. PRDM12 aggregation and subcellular localization differed significantly between 18A and normal 12A cell lines and between 18A and 19A cell lines. MiTES is a new protein-aggregation disease. CONCLUSIONS We provide diagnostic criteria for MiTES and improved longitudinal data. MiTES and CIP are distinct phenotypes, despite their genotypes varying by a single alanine in the PRDM12 polyalanine tract. We found clear distinctions between the cellular phenotypes of normal, MiTES and CIP cells. We hypothesize that the developmental environment of the trigeminal ganglion is unique and critically sensitive to pre- and postnatal levels of PRDM12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Sarveswaran
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yunisa Pamela
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Akhila A N Reddy
- Dr. Anchala Skin Institute and Research Center, Hyderabad, India
| | - Akash P Mustari
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Anthony J Mancini
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anuradha Bishnoi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun C Inamadar
- Department of Dermatology, Shri BM Patil Medical College & Hospital, BLDE University, Bijapur, India
| | - Bayanne Olabi
- Department of Dermatology, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, UK
| | - Fiona Browne
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Crumlin, Ireland
| | | | - Kenneth McWilliam
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurosciences Department, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Keshavamurthy Vinay
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sahana Srinivas
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Samantha Ibbs
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Birmingham Children’s Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Vijay Zawar
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College and Research Center, Nashik, India
| | - Vykuntaraju K Gowda
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Samiha S Shaikh
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Celia Moss
- Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Birmingham Children’s Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher G Woods
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ichrak Drissi
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Tsimpos P, Desiderio S, Cabochette P, Poelvoorde P, Kricha S, Vanhamme L, Poulard C, Bellefroid EJ. Loss of G9a does not phenocopy the requirement for Prdm12 in the development of the nociceptive neuron lineage. Neural Dev 2024; 19:1. [PMID: 38167468 PMCID: PMC10759634 DOI: 10.1186/s13064-023-00179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prdm12 is an epigenetic regulator expressed in developing and mature nociceptive neurons, playing a key role in their specification during neurogenesis and modulating pain sensation at adulthood. In vitro studies suggested that Prdm12 recruits the methyltransferase G9a through its zinc finger domains to regulate target gene expression, but how Prdm12 interacts with G9a and whether G9a plays a role in Prdm12's functional properties in sensory ganglia remain unknown. Here we report that Prdm12-G9a interaction is likely direct and that it involves the SET domain of G9a. We show that both proteins are largely co-expressed in dorsal root ganglia during early murine development, opening the possibility that G9a plays a role in DRG and may act as a mediator of Prdm12's function in the development of nociceptive sensory neurons. To test this hypothesis, we conditionally inactivated G9a in neural crest using a Wnt1-Cre transgenic mouse line. We found that the specific loss of G9a in the neural crest lineage does not lead to dorsal root ganglia hypoplasia due to the loss of somatic nociceptive neurons nor to the ectopic expression of the visceral determinant Phox2b as observed upon Prdm12 ablation. These findings suggest that Prdm12 function in the initiation of the nociceptive lineage does not critically involves its interaction with G9a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tsimpos
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Simon Desiderio
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Philippe Poelvoorde
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Sadia Kricha
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanhamme
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Cancer Research Cancer of Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, F-69000, France
| | - Eric J Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, B- 6041, Belgium.
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3
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Vermeiren S, Cabochette P, Dannawi M, Desiderio S, San José AS, Achouri Y, Kricha S, Sitte M, Salinas-Riester G, Vanhollebeke B, Brunet JF, Bellefroid EJ. Prdm12 represses the expression of the visceral neuron determinants Phox2a/b in developing somatosensory ganglia. iScience 2023; 26:108364. [PMID: 38025786 PMCID: PMC10663820 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prdm12 is a transcriptional regulator essential for the emergence of the somatic nociceptive lineage during sensory neurogenesis. The exact mechanisms by which Prdm12 promotes nociceptor development remain, however, poorly understood. Here, we report that the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia hypoplasia induced by the loss of Prdm12 involves Bax-dependent apoptosis and that it is accompanied by the ectopic expression of the visceral sensory neuron determinants Phox2a and Phox2b, which is, however, not sufficient to impose a complete fate switch in surviving somatosensory neurons. Mechanistically, our data reveal that Prdm12 is required from somatosensory neural precursors to early post-mitotic differentiating nociceptive neurons to repress Phox2a/b and that its repressive function is context dependent. Together, these findings reveal that besides its essential role in nociceptor survival during development, Prdm12 also promotes nociceptor fate via an additional mechanism, by preventing precursors from engaging into an alternate Phox2 driven visceral neuronal type differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vermeiren
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Maya Dannawi
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Simon Desiderio
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Alba Sabaté San José
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Younes Achouri
- Transgenesis Platform, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Duve, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sadia Kricha
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Maren Sitte
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Brunet
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Inserm, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8197, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1024, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Eric J. Bellefroid
- Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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Sarrafha L, Neavin DR, Parfitt GM, Kruglikov IA, Whitney K, Reyes R, Coccia E, Kareva T, Goldman C, Tipon R, Croft G, Crary JF, Powell JE, Blanchard J, Ahfeldt T. Novel human pluripotent stem cell-derived hypothalamus organoids demonstrate cellular diversity. iScience 2023; 26:107525. [PMID: 37646018 PMCID: PMC10460991 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that plays an important role in regulating body functions and behaviors. There is a growing interest in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for modeling diseases that affect the hypothalamus. Here, we established an hPSC-derived hypothalamus organoid differentiation protocol to model the cellular diversity of this brain region. Using an hPSC line with a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-TdTomato reporter for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) and other TH-expressing cells, we interrogated DN-specific pathways and functions in electrophysiologically active hypothalamus organoids. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed diverse neuronal and non-neuronal cell types in mature hypothalamus organoids. We identified several molecularly distinct hypothalamic DN subtypes that demonstrated different developmental maturities. Our in vitro 3D hypothalamus differentiation protocol can be used to study the development of this critical brain structure and can be applied to disease modeling to generate novel therapeutic approaches for disorders centered around the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Sarrafha
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Drew R. Neavin
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Gustavo M. Parfitt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Kristen Whitney
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Coccia
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tatyana Kareva
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Camille Goldman
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Regine Tipon
- New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Gist Croft
- New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - John F. Crary
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Windreich Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joseph E. Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joel Blanchard
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tim Ahfeldt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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5
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Khannoon ER, Alvarado C, Poveda R, de Bellard ME. Description of trunk neural crest migration and peripheral nervous system formation in the Egyptian cobra Naja haje haje. Differentiation 2023; 133:40-50. [PMID: 37473561 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The neural crest is a stem cell population that forms in the neurectoderm of all vertebrates and gives rise to a diverse set of cells such as sensory neurons, Schwann cells and melanocytes. Neural crest development in snakes is still poorly understood. From the point of view of evolutionary and comparative anatomy is an interesting topic given the unique anatomy of snakes. The aim of the study was to characterize how trunk neural crest cells (TNCC) migrate in the developing elapid snake Naja haje haje and consequently, look at the beginnings of development of neural crest derived sensory ganglia (DRG) and spinal nerves. We found that trunk neural crest and DRG development in Naja haje haje is like what has been described in other vertebrates and the colubrid snake strengthening our knowledge on the conserved mechanisms of neural crest development across species. Here we use the marker HNK1 to follow the migratory behavior of TNCC in the elapid snake Naja haje haje through stages 1-6 (1-9 days postoviposition). We observed that the TNCC of both snake species migrate through the rostral portion of the somite, a pattern also conserved in birds and mammals. The development of cobra peripheral nervous system, using neuronal and glial markers, showed the presence of spectrin in Schwann cell precursors and of axonal plexus along the length of the cobra embryos. In conclusion, cobra embryos show strong conserved patterns in TNCC and PNS development among vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eraqi R Khannoon
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, 344, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Christian Alvarado
- California State University Northridge, Biology Dept., MC 8303, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA
| | - Rafael Poveda
- Department of Biology. Moorpark College, Moorpark, CA, 93021, USA
| | - Maria Elena de Bellard
- California State University Northridge, Biology Dept., MC 8303, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA.
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6
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Deng T, Jovanovic VM, Tristan CA, Weber C, Chu PH, Inman J, Ryu S, Jethmalani Y, Ferreira de Sousa J, Ormanoglu P, Twumasi P, Sen C, Shim J, Jayakar S, Bear Zhang HX, Jo S, Yu W, Voss TC, Simeonov A, Bean BP, Woolf CJ, Singeç I. Scalable generation of sensory neurons from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1030-1047. [PMID: 37044067 PMCID: PMC10147831 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of new non-addictive analgesics requires advanced strategies to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into relevant cell types. Following principles of developmental biology and translational applicability, here we developed an efficient stepwise differentiation method for peptidergic and non-peptidergic nociceptors. By modulating specific cell signaling pathways, hPSCs were first converted into SOX10+ neural crest, followed by differentiation into sensory neurons. Detailed characterization, including ultrastructural analysis, confirmed that the hPSC-derived nociceptors displayed cellular and molecular features comparable to native dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and expressed high-threshold primary sensory neuron markers, transcription factors, neuropeptides, and over 150 ion channels and receptors relevant for pain research and axonal growth/regeneration studies (e.g., TRPV1, NAV1.7, NAV1.8, TAC1, CALCA, GAP43, DPYSL2, NMNAT2). Moreover, after confirming robust functional activities and differential response to noxious stimuli and specific drugs, a robotic cell culture system was employed to produce large quantities of human sensory neurons, which can be used to develop nociceptor-selective analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Deng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Vukasin M Jovanovic
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Carlos A Tristan
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Claire Weber
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pei-Hsuan Chu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jason Inman
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Seungmi Ryu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Yogita Jethmalani
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Juliana Ferreira de Sousa
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pinar Ormanoglu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Prisca Twumasi
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Chaitali Sen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jaehoon Shim
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Selwyn Jayakar
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Sophion Bioscience, North Brunswick, NJ 08902, USA
| | - Ty C Voss
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ilyas Singeç
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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7
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Fabbri R, Spennato D, Conte G, Konstantoulaki A, Lazzarini C, Saracino E, Nicchia GP, Frigeri A, Zamboni R, Spray DC, Benfenati V. The emerging science of Glioception: Contribution of glia in sensing, transduction, circuit integration of interoception. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108403. [PMID: 37024060 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Interoception is the process by which the nervous system regulates internal functions to achieve homeostasis. The role of neurons in interoception has received considerable recent attention, but glial cells also contribute. Glial cells can sense and transduce signals including osmotic, chemical, and mechanical status of extracellular milieu. Their ability to dynamically communicate "listening" and "talking" to neurons is necessary to monitor and regulate homeostasis and information integration in the nervous system. This review introduces the concept of "Glioception" and focuses on the process by which glial cells sense, interpret and integrate information about the inner state of the organism. Glial cells are ideally positioned to act as sensors and integrators of diverse interoceptive signals and can trigger regulatory responses via modulation of the activity of neuronal networks, both in physiological and pathological conditions. We believe that understanding and manipulating glioceptive processes and underlying molecular mechanisms provide a key path to develop new therapies for the prevention and alleviation of devastating interoceptive dysfunctions, among which pain is emphasized here with more focused details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fabbri
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi", University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Diletta Spennato
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Centre of Excellence in Comparative Genomics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conte
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aikaterini Konstantoulaki
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy; Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Chiara Lazzarini
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Saracino
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Grazia Paola Nicchia
- School of Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, BA, Italy; Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Centre of Excellence in Comparative Genomics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Antonio Frigeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Centre of Excellence in Comparative Genomics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, BA, Italy
| | - Roberto Zamboni
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - David C Spray
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Valentina Benfenati
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
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8
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Donoso V, Whitson J, Lom B. Developmental exposure to the pesticide malathion enhances expression of Prdm12, a regulator of nociceptor development, in Xenopus laevis. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2023; 2023:10.17912/micropub.biology.000786. [PMID: 37033708 PMCID: PMC10074175 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Prdm12 exerts important influences on the development of nociceptors, peripheral touch and pain-sensing neurons, and has been implicated in human pain sensation disorders. We examined the consequences of exposing developing Xenopus laevis embryos to the commonly used pesticide malathion on Prdm12 expression. Using qPCR and western blot analysis we observed that malathion treatment for the first six days of tadpole development significantly increased both prdm12 mRNA levels and Prdm12 protein levels compared to controls. Consequently, early exposure to this pesticide has potential to alter nociceptor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Donoso
- Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina, United States
- Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Jeremy Whitson
- Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina, United States
- Biology, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, United States
| | - Barbara Lom
- Biology, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina, United States
- Correspondence to: Barbara Lom (
)
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9
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Lauria G, Faber CG, Cornblath DR. Skin biopsy and small fibre neuropathies: facts and thoughts 30 years later. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:915-918. [PMID: 35246491 PMCID: PMC9380509 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-327742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lauria
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico "Carlo Besta", Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Catharina G Faber
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - David R Cornblath
- Department of Neurology, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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10
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Latragna A, Sabaté San José A, Tsimpos P, Vermeiren S, Gualdani R, Chakrabarti S, Callejo G, Desiderio S, Shomroni O, Sitte M, Kricha S, Luypaert M, Vanhollebeke B, Laumet G, Salinas G, Smith ESJ, Ris L, Bellefroid EJ. Prdm12 modulates pain-related behavior by remodeling gene expression in mature nociceptors. Pain 2022; 163:e927-e941. [PMID: 34961757 PMCID: PMC9341233 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Prdm12 is a conserved epigenetic transcriptional regulator that displays restricted expression in nociceptors of the developing peripheral nervous system. In mice, Prdm12 is required for the development of the entire nociceptive lineage. In humans, PRDM12 mutations cause congenital insensitivity to pain, likely because of the loss of nociceptors. Prdm12 expression is maintained in mature nociceptors suggesting a yet-to-be explored functional role in adults. Using Prdm12 inducible conditional knockout mouse models, we report that in adult nociceptors Prdm12 is no longer required for cell survival but continues to play a role in the transcriptional control of a network of genes, many of them encoding ion channels and receptors. We found that disruption of Prdm12 alters the excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture. Phenotypically, we observed that mice lacking Prdm12 exhibit normal responses to thermal and mechanical nociceptive stimuli but a reduced response to capsaicin and hypersensitivity to formalin-induced inflammatory pain. Together, our data indicate that Prdm12 regulates pain-related behavior in a complex way by modulating gene expression in adult nociceptors and controlling their excitability. The results encourage further studies to assess the potential of Prdm12 as a target for analgesic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Latragna
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Alba Sabaté San José
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Panagiotis Tsimpos
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Simon Vermeiren
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Roberta Gualdani
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Gerard Callejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Desiderio
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maren Sitte
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sadia Kricha
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Maëlle Luypaert
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics, Department of Human Genetics at the University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ewan St. John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laurence Ris
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Eric J. Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
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11
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Lischka A, Lassuthova P, Çakar A, Record CJ, Van Lent J, Baets J, Dohrn MF, Senderek J, Lampert A, Bennett DL, Wood JN, Timmerman V, Hornemann T, Auer-Grumbach M, Parman Y, Hübner CA, Elbracht M, Eggermann K, Geoffrey Woods C, Cox JJ, Reilly MM, Kurth I. Genetic pain loss disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:41. [PMID: 35710757 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Genetic pain loss includes congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP), hereditary sensory neuropathies and, if autonomic nerves are involved, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN). This heterogeneous group of disorders highlights the essential role of nociception in protecting against tissue damage. Patients with genetic pain loss have recurrent injuries, burns and poorly healing wounds as disease hallmarks. CIP and HSAN are caused by pathogenic genetic variants in >20 genes that lead to developmental defects, neurodegeneration or altered neuronal excitability of peripheral damage-sensing neurons. These genetic variants lead to hyperactivity of sodium channels, disturbed haem metabolism, altered clathrin-mediated transport and impaired gene regulatory mechanisms affecting epigenetic marks, long non-coding RNAs and repetitive elements. Therapies for pain loss disorders are mainly symptomatic but the first targeted therapies are being tested. Conversely, chronic pain remains one of the greatest unresolved medical challenges, and the genes and mechanisms associated with pain loss offer new targets for analgesics. Given the progress that has been made, the coming years are promising both in terms of targeted treatments for pain loss disorders and the development of innovative pain medicines based on knowledge of these genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Lischka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Lassuthova
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arman Çakar
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Christopher J Record
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jonas Van Lent
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Baets
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium.,Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maike F Dohrn
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jan Senderek
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David L Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Auer-Grumbach
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yesim Parman
- Neuromuscular Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - C Geoffrey Woods
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - James J Cox
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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12
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Kokotović T, Lenartowicz EM, Langeslag M, Ciotu CI, Fell CW, Scaramuzza A, Fischer MJM, Kress M, Penninger JM, Nagy V. Transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox protein 2 (MEOX2) modulates nociceptor function. FEBS J 2022; 289:3457-3476. [PMID: 35029322 PMCID: PMC9306780 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchyme homeobox protein 2 (MEOX2) is a transcription factor involved in mesoderm differentiation, including development of bones, muscles, vasculature and dermatomes. We have previously identified dysregulation of MEOX2 in fibroblasts from Congenital Insensitivity to Pain patients, and confirmed that btn, the Drosophila homologue of MEOX2, plays a role in nocifensive responses to noxious heat stimuli. To determine the importance of MEOX2 in the mammalian peripheral nervous system, we used a Meox2 heterozygous (Meox2+/−) mouse model to characterise its function in the sensory nervous system, and more specifically, in nociception. MEOX2 is expressed in the mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal cord, and localises in the nuclei of a subset of sensory neurons. Functional studies of the mouse model, including behavioural, cellular and electrophysiological analyses, showed altered nociception encompassing impaired action potential initiation upon depolarisation. Mechanistically, we noted decreased expression of Scn9a and Scn11a genes encoding Nav1.7 and Nav1.9 voltage‐gated sodium channels respectively, that are crucial in subthreshold amplification and action potential initiation in nociceptors. Further transcriptomic analyses of Meox2+/− DRG revealed downregulation of a specific subset of genes including those previously associated with pain perception, such as PENK and NPY. Based on these observations, we propose a novel role of MEOX2 in primary afferent nociceptor neurons for the maintenance of a transcriptional programme required for proper perception of acute and inflammatory noxious stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Kokotović
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases Vienna Austria
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
- Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Austria
| | | | - Michiel Langeslag
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Institute of Physiology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI) University of Innsbruck Austria
- Department of Pharmacology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Cosmin I. Ciotu
- Institute of Physiology Medical University of Vienna Austria
| | - Christopher W. Fell
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases Vienna Austria
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
- Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Austria
| | - Angelica Scaramuzza
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases Vienna Austria
| | | | - Michaela Kress
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics Institute of Physiology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences VBC – Vienna BioCenter Campus Vienna Austria
- Department of Medical Genetics Life Science Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - Vanja Nagy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases Vienna Austria
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
- Department of Neurology Medical University of Vienna Austria
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13
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de Nooij JC. Influencers in the Somatosensory System: Extrinsic Control of Sensory Neuron Phenotypes. Neuroscientist 2022:10738584221074350. [DOI: 10.1177/10738584221074350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Somatosensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) comprise several main subclasses: high threshold nociceptors/thermoceptors, high- and low-threshold mechanoreceptors, and proprioceptors. Recent years have seen an explosion in the identification of molecules that underlie the functional diversity of these sensory modalities. They also have begun to reveal the developmental mechanisms that channel the emergence of this subtype diversity, solidifying the importance of peripheral instructive signals. Somatic sensory neurons collectively serve numerous essential physiological and protective roles, and as such, an increased understanding of the processes that underlie the specialization of these sensory subtypes is not only biologically interesting but also clinically relevant.
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14
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Rienzo M, Di Zazzo E, Casamassimi A, Gazzerro P, Perini G, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. PRDM12 in Health and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112030. [PMID: 34769459 PMCID: PMC8585061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDM12 is a member of the PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) homologous domain (PRDM)-containing protein family, a subfamily of Kruppel-like zinc finger proteins, controlling key processes in the development of cancer. PRDM12 is expressed in a spatio-temporal manner in neuronal systems where it exerts multiple functions. PRDM12 is essential for the neurogenesis initiation and activation of a cascade of downstream pro-neuronal transcription factors in the nociceptive lineage. PRDM12 inactivation, indeed, results in a complete absence of the nociceptive lineage, which is essential for pain perception. Additionally, PRDM12 contributes to the early establishment of anorexigenic neuron identity and the maintenance of high expression levels of pro-opiomelanocortin, which impacts on the program bodyweight homeostasis. PRDMs are commonly involved in cancer, where they act as oncogenes/tumor suppressors in a “Yin and Yang” manner. PRDM12 is not usually expressed in adult normal tissues but its expression is re-activated in several cancer types. However, little information is currently available on PRDM12 expression in cancers and its mechanism of action has not been thoroughly described. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding PRDM12 by focusing on four main biological processes: neurogenesis, pain perception, oncogenesis and cell metabolism. Moreover, we wish to highlight the importance of future studies focusing on the PRDM12 signaling pathway(s) and its role in cancer onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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15
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Kokotović T, Langeslag M, Lenartowicz EM, Manion J, Fell CW, Alehabib E, Tafakhori A, Darvish H, Bellefroid EJ, Neely GG, Kress M, Penninger JM, Nagy V. PRDM12 Is Transcriptionally Active and Required for Nociceptor Function Throughout Life. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:720973. [PMID: 34646120 PMCID: PMC8502974 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.720973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PR domain-containing member 12 (PRDM12) is a key developmental transcription factor in sensory neuronal specification and survival. Patients with rare deleterious variants in PRDM12 are born with congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) due to the complete absence of a subtype of peripheral neurons that detect pain. In this paper, we report two additional CIP cases with a novel homozygous PRDM12 variant. To elucidate the function of PRDM12 during mammalian development and adulthood, we generated temporal and spatial conditional mouse models. We find that PRDM12 is expressed throughout the adult nervous system. We observed that loss of PRDM12 during mid-sensory neurogenesis but not in the adult leads to reduced survival. Comparing cellular biophysical nociceptive properties in developmental and adult-onset PRDM12 deletion mouse models, we find that PRDM12 is necessary for proper nociceptive responses throughout life. However, we find that PRDM12 regulates distinct age-dependent transcriptional programs. Together, our results implicate PRDM12 as a viable therapeutic target for specific pain therapies even in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Kokotović
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michiel Langeslag
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ewelina M Lenartowicz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - John Manion
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher W Fell
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elham Alehabib
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Tafakhori
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Darvish
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Eric J Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Michaela Kress
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, VBC - Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vanja Nagy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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The cellular and molecular basis of somatosensory neuron development. Neuron 2021; 109:3736-3757. [PMID: 34592169 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Primary somatosensory neurons convey salient information about our external environment and internal state to the CNS, allowing us to detect, perceive, and react to a wide range of innocuous and noxious stimuli. Pseudo-unipolar in shape, and among the largest (longest) cells of most mammals, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) somatosensory neurons have peripheral axons that extend into skin, muscle, viscera, or bone and central axons that innervate the spinal cord and brainstem, where they synaptically engage the central somatosensory circuitry. Here, we review the diversity of mammalian DRG neuron subtypes and the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that control their development. We describe classical and contemporary advances that frame our understanding of DRG neurogenesis, transcriptional specification of DRG neurons, and the establishment of morphological, physiological, and synaptic diversification across somatosensory neuron subtypes.
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17
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Landy MA, Goyal M, Casey KM, Liu C, Lai HC. Loss of Prdm12 during development, but not in mature nociceptors, causes defects in pain sensation. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108913. [PMID: 33789102 PMCID: PMC8048104 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prdm12 is a key transcription factor in nociceptor neurogenesis. Mutations of Prdm12 cause congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) from failure of nociceptor development. However, precisely how deletion of Prdm12 during development or adulthood affects nociception is unknown. Here, we employ tissue- and temporal-specific knockout mouse models to test the function of Prdm12 during development and in adulthood. We find that constitutive loss of Prdm12 causes deficiencies in proliferation during sensory neurogenesis. We also demonstrate that conditional knockout from dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) during embryogenesis causes defects in nociception. In contrast, we find that, in adult DRGs, Prdm12 is dispensable for most pain-sensation and injury-induced hypersensitivity. Using transcriptomic analysis, we find mostly unique changes in adult Prdm12 knockout DRGs compared with embryonic knockout and that PRDM12 is likely a transcriptional activator in the adult. Overall, we find that the function of PRDM12 changes over developmental time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Landy
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Megan Goyal
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Katherine M Casey
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Helen C Lai
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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18
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Di Tullio F, Schwarz M, Zorgati H, Mzoughi S, Guccione E. The duality of PRDM proteins: epigenetic and structural perspectives. FEBS J 2021; 289:1256-1275. [PMID: 33774927 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PRDF1 and RIZ1 homology domain containing (PRDMs) are a subfamily of Krüppel-like zinc finger proteins controlling key processes in metazoan development and in cancer. PRDMs exhibit unique dualities: (a) PR domain/ZNF arrays-their structure combines a SET-like domain known as a PR domain, typically found in methyltransferases, with a variable array of C2H2 zinc fingers (ZNF) characteristic of DNA-binding transcription factors; (b) transcriptional activators/repressors-their physiological function is context- and cell-dependent; mechanistically, some PRDMs have a PKMT activity and directly catalyze histone lysine methylation, while others are rather pseudomethyltransferases and act by recruiting transcriptional cofactors; (c) oncogenes/tumor suppressors-their pathological function depends on the specific PRDM isoform expressed during tumorigenesis. This duality is well known as the 'Yin and Yang' of PRDMs and involves a complex regulation of alternative splicing or alternative promoter usage, to generate full-length or PR-deficient isoforms with opposing functions in cancer. In conclusion, once their dualities are fully appreciated, PRDMs represent a promising class of targets in oncology by virtue of their widespread upregulation across multiple tumor types and their somatic dispensability, conferring a broad therapeutic window and limited toxic side effects. The recent discovery of a first-in-class compound able to inhibit PRDM9 activity has paved the way for the identification of further small molecular inhibitors able to counteract PRDM oncogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Di Tullio
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Schwarz
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Habiba Zorgati
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Slim Mzoughi
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Pharmacological Sciences, Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Chiabrando D, Fiorito V, Petrillo S, Bertino F, Tolosano E. HEME: a neglected player in nociception? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:124-136. [PMID: 33545213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology of pain, current management of pain syndromes is still unsatisfactory. The recent discovery of novel pathways associated with pain insensitivity in humans represents a unique opportunity to improve our knowledge on the pathophysiology of pain. Heme metabolism recently emerged as a crucial regulator of nociception. Of note, alteration of heme metabolism has been associated with pain insensitivity as well as with acute and chronic pain in porphyric neuropathy and hemolytic diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms linking heme to the pain pathways still remain unclear. The review focuses on the major heme-regulated processes relevant for sensory neurons' maintenance, peripheral and central sensitization as well as for pain comorbidities, like anxiety and depression. By discussing the body of knowledge on the topic, we provide a novel perspective on the molecular mechanisms linking heme to nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Chiabrando
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Veronica Fiorito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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20
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Abstract
Primary nociceptors are a heterogeneous class of peripheral somatosensory neurons, responsible for detecting noxious, pruriceptive, and thermal stimuli. These neurons are further divided into several molecularly defined subtypes that correlate with their functional sensory modalities and morphological features. During development, all nociceptors arise from a common pool of embryonic precursors, and then segregate progressively into their mature specialized phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the intrinsic transcriptional programs and extrinsic trophic factor signaling mechanisms that interact to control nociceptor diversification. We also discuss how recent transcriptome profiling studies have significantly advanced the field of sensory neuron development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna L Cranfill
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Wenqin Luo
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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21
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Vermeiren S, Bellefroid EJ, Desiderio S. Vertebrate Sensory Ganglia: Common and Divergent Features of the Transcriptional Programs Generating Their Functional Specialization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:587699. [PMID: 33195244 PMCID: PMC7649826 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.587699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory fibers of the peripheral nervous system carry sensation from specific sense structures or use different tissues and organs as receptive fields, and convey this information to the central nervous system. In the head of vertebrates, each cranial sensory ganglia and associated nerves perform specific functions. Sensory ganglia are composed of different types of specialized neurons in which two broad categories can be distinguished, somatosensory neurons relaying all sensations that are felt and visceral sensory neurons sensing the internal milieu and controlling body homeostasis. While in the trunk somatosensory neurons composing the dorsal root ganglia are derived exclusively from neural crest cells, somato- and visceral sensory neurons of cranial sensory ganglia have a dual origin, with contributions from both neural crest and placodes. As most studies on sensory neurogenesis have focused on dorsal root ganglia, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the embryonic development of the different cranial sensory ganglia remains today rudimentary. However, using single-cell RNA sequencing, recent studies have made significant advances in the characterization of the neuronal diversity of most sensory ganglia. Here we summarize the general anatomy, function and neuronal diversity of cranial sensory ganglia. We then provide an overview of our current knowledge of the transcriptional networks controlling neurogenesis and neuronal diversification in the developing sensory system, focusing on cranial sensory ganglia, highlighting specific aspects of their development and comparing it to that of trunk sensory ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Vermeiren
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Eric J Bellefroid
- ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Simon Desiderio
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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22
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William D. Willis, Jr, MD, PhD Memorial Lecture: The evolutionary history of nerve growth factor and nociception. Pain 2020; 161 Suppl 1:S36-S47. [PMID: 33090738 PMCID: PMC7434219 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Islam MN, Maeda N, Miyasato E, Jahan MR, Tarif AMM, Ishino T, Nozaki K, Masumoto KH, Yanai A, Shinoda K. Expression of huntingtin-associated protein 1 in adult mouse dorsal root ganglia and its neurochemical characterization in reference to sensory neuron subpopulations. IBRO Rep 2020; 9:258-269. [PMID: 33089002 PMCID: PMC7560692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is the first to examine HAP1-expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). HAP1 is highly co-expressed with the markers of nociceptive/proprioceptive neurons. HAP1 is completely lacking in the touch-sensitive DRG neurons. HAP1 may play an important role in modulating nociceptive/proprioceptive functions. It will be of great interest to clarify the pathophysiological role of HAP1 in DRG.
Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a polyglutamine (polyQ) length-dependent interactor with causal agents in several neurodegenerative diseases and has been regarded as a protective factor against neurodegeneration. In normal rodent brain and spinal cord, HAP1 is abundantly expressed in the areas that are spared from neurodegeneration while those areas with little HAP1 are frequent targets of neurodegeneration. We have recently showed that HAP1 is highly expressed in the spinal dorsal horn and may participate in modification/protection of certain sensory functions. Neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) transmits sensory stimuli from periphery to spinal cord/brain stem. Nevertheless, to date HAP1 expression in DRG remains unreported. In this study, the expression of HAP1 in cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral DRG in adult male mice and its relationships with different chemical markers for sensory neurons were examined using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. HAP1-immunoreactivity was detected in the cytoplasm of DRG neurons, and the percentage of HAP1-immunoreactive (ir) DRG neurons was ranged between 28–31 %. HAP1-immunoreactivity was comparatively more in the small cells (47–58 %) and medium cells (40–44 %) than that in the large cells (9–11 %). Double-immunostaining for HAP1 and markers for nociceptive or mechanoreceptive neurons showed that about 70–80 % of CGRP-, SP-, CB-, NOS-, TRPV1-, CR- and PV-ir neurons expressed HAP1. In contrast, HAP1 was completely lacking in TH-ir neurons. Our current study is the first to clarify that HAP1 is highly expressed in nociceptive/proprioceptive neurons but absent in light-touch-sensitive TH neurons, suggesting the potential importance of HAP1 in pain transduction and proprioception.
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Key Words
- CB, calbindin
- CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide
- CR, calretinin
- DAB, diaminobenzidine
- DRG, dorsal root ganglia
- HAP1, Huntingtin-associated protein 1
- Huntingtin-associated protein 1
- Iba1, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1
- Immunohistochemistry
- LTMRs, low-threshold mechanoreceptors
- MRGPR, Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor
- NDS, normal donkey serum
- NOS, nitric oxide synthetase
- NeuN, neuronal nuclei
- Neurodegeneration
- Neuroprotection
- PB, phosphate buffer
- PV, parvalbumin
- Peripheral nervous system
- SBMA, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
- SP, substance P
- STB, stigmoid body
- Sensory neurons
- TBST, Tris-buffered saline with 0.1 % Tween
- TH, tyrosine hydroxylase
- TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1
- VGLUT, vesicular glutamate transporter
- htt, huntingtin
- polyQ, polyglutamine
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nabiul Islam
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Naoki Maeda
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Emi Miyasato
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Mir Rubayet Jahan
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Md Mamun Tarif
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Taiga Ishino
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kanako Nozaki
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Koh-Hei Masumoto
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Akie Yanai
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan.,Department of Basic Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Koh Shinoda
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
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24
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Ventéo S, Desiderio S, Cabochette P, Deslys A, Carroll P, Pattyn A. Neurog2 Deficiency Uncovers a Critical Period of Cell Fate Plasticity and Vulnerability among Neural-Crest-Derived Somatosensory Progenitors. Cell Rep 2020; 29:2953-2960.e2. [PMID: 31801063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Functionally distinct classes of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) somatosensory neurons arise from neural crest cells (NCCs) in two successive phases of differentiation assumed to be respectively and independently controlled by the proneural genes Neurog2 and Neurog1. However, the precise role of Neurog2 during this process remains unclear, notably because no neuronal loss has been reported hitherto in Neurog2-/- mutants. Here, we show that at trunk levels, Neurog2 deficiency impairs the production of subsets of all DRG neuron subtypes. We establish that this phenotype is highly dynamic and reflects multiple defects in NCC-derived progenitors, including somatosensory-to-melanocyte fate switch, apoptosis, and delayed differentiation which alters neuronal identity, all occurring during a narrow time window when Neurog2 temporarily controls onset of Neurog1 expression and neurogenesis. Collectively, these findings uncover a critical period of cell fate plasticity and vulnerability among somatosensory progenitors and establish that Neurog2 function in the developing DRG is broader than initially envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Ventéo
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Simon Desiderio
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Deslys
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Carroll
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre Pattyn
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier, France.
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25
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Faure L, Wang Y, Kastriti ME, Fontanet P, Cheung KKY, Petitpré C, Wu H, Sun LL, Runge K, Croci L, Landy MA, Lai HC, Consalez GG, de Chevigny A, Lallemend F, Adameyko I, Hadjab S. Single cell RNA sequencing identifies early diversity of sensory neurons forming via bi-potential intermediates. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4175. [PMID: 32826903 PMCID: PMC7442800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic sensation is defined by the existence of a diversity of primary sensory neurons with unique biological features and response profiles to external and internal stimuli. However, there is no coherent picture about how this diversity of cell states is transcriptionally generated. Here, we use deep single cell analysis to resolve fate splits and molecular biasing processes during sensory neurogenesis in mice. Our results identify a complex series of successive and specific transcriptional changes in post-mitotic neurons that delineate hierarchical regulatory states leading to the generation of the main sensory neuron classes. In addition, our analysis identifies previously undetected early gene modules expressed long before fate determination although being clearly associated with defined sensory subtypes. Overall, the early diversity of sensory neurons is generated through successive bi-potential intermediates in which synchronization of relevant gene modules and concurrent repression of competing fate programs precede cell fate stabilization and final commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Faure
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yiqiao Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paula Fontanet
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kylie K Y Cheung
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles Petitpré
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haohao Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lynn Linyu Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Runge
- INMED INSERM U1249, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Croci
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark A Landy
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Helen C Lai
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | | | | | - François Lallemend
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming-Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm node, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saida Hadjab
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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PRDM12: New Opportunity in Pain Research. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:895-897. [PMID: 32828702 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PRDM12 is a newly identified causative gene for a type of congenital insensitivity to pain disorder, which is characterized by the inability to perceive pain. Here, we discuss the (patho)physiology of PRDM12 function and the opportunities and challenges those data provide for novel therapeutic approaches in various pain disorders.
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27
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Romanov RA, Tretiakov EO, Kastriti ME, Zupancic M, Häring M, Korchynska S, Popadin K, Benevento M, Rebernik P, Lallemend F, Nishimori K, Clotman F, Andrews WD, Parnavelas JG, Farlik M, Bock C, Adameyko I, Hökfelt T, Keimpema E, Harkany T. Molecular design of hypothalamus development. Nature 2020; 582:246-252. [PMID: 32499648 PMCID: PMC7292733 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A wealth of specialized neuroendocrine command systems intercalated within the hypothalamus control the most fundamental physiological needs in vertebrates1,2. Nevertheless, we lack a developmental blueprint that integrates the molecular determinants of neuronal and glial diversity along temporal and spatial scales of hypothalamus development3. Here we combine single-cell RNA sequencing of 51,199 mouse cells of ectodermal origin, gene regulatory network (GRN) screens in conjunction with genome-wide association study-based disease phenotyping, and genetic lineage reconstruction to show that nine glial and thirty-three neuronal subtypes are generated by mid-gestation under the control of distinct GRNs. Combinatorial molecular codes that arise from neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and transcription factors are minimally required to decode the taxonomical hierarchy of hypothalamic neurons. The differentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine neurons, but not glutamate neurons, relies on quasi-stable intermediate states, with a pool of GABA progenitors giving rise to dopamine cells4. We found an unexpected abundance of chemotropic proliferation and guidance cues that are commonly implicated in dorsal (cortical) patterning5 in the hypothalamus. In particular, loss of SLIT-ROBO signalling impaired both the production and positioning of periventricular dopamine neurons. Overall, we identify molecular principles that shape the developmental architecture of the hypothalamus and show how neuronal heterogeneity is transformed into a multimodal neural unit to provide virtually infinite adaptive potential throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A. Romanov
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum D7, Karolinska Institutet,
Solna, Sweden
| | - Evgenii O. Tretiakov
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum D6, Karolinska
Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maja Zupancic
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Häring
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Solomiia Korchynska
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- Human Genomics of Infection and Immunity, School of Life Sciences,
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Benevento
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Rebernik
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Francois Lallemend
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum D7, Karolinska Institutet,
Solna, Sweden
| | - Katsuhiko Nishimori
- Deptartment of Obesity and Internal Inflammation, Fukushima Medical
University, Fukushima City, Japan
| | - Frédéric Clotman
- Laboratory of Neural Differentiation, Institute of Neuroscience,
Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - William D. Andrews
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College
London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John G. Parnavelas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College
London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Farlik
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy
of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy
of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna,
Vienna, Austria
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum D6, Karolinska
Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tomas Hökfelt
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum D7, Karolinska Institutet,
Solna, Sweden
| | - Erik Keimpema
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research,
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum D7, Karolinska Institutet,
Solna, Sweden
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28
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Drissi I, Woods WA, Woods CG. Understanding the genetic basis of congenital insensitivity to pain. Br Med Bull 2020; 133:65-78. [PMID: 32219415 PMCID: PMC7227775 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION OR BACKGROUND Congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) is caused by extremely rare Mendelian genetic disorders. CIP individuals demonstrate the unexpectedly severe consequences of painlessness. Although only a small number of causative conditions and genes are known, most have led to profound insights into human nociception. CIP gene discovery is catalyzing the manufacture of completely new classes of analgesics, and these are needed as alternatives to synthetic highly potent opioids. SOURCES OF DATA Pubmed.gov peer-reviewed journal articles and reviews. AREAS OF AGREEMENT The importance of nerve growth factor-tropomyosin receptor kinase A (NGF-TRKA) signalling for nociceptor genesis and subsequent pain sensing.New analgesics can be generated from knowledge of the NGF-TRKA nociceptor pathway.Increased susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infection is a consequence of deficient NGF-TRKA signalling.Mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channels SCN9A and SCN11A can cause congenital painlessness, and in contradistinction, other mutations can cause episodic neuropathic pain. SCN9A/Nav1.7 is an analgesic target. SCN11A/Nav1.9 is unlikely to be an analgesic target.There are further Mendelian causes of painlessness to be discovered. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Which NGF-TRKA intracellular signalling pathways operate in nociceptor development and which in post-natal pain sensing?Why have no clinically effective Nav1.7 antagonist been generated? SCN9A-CIP causes analgesia, at least in part, through endogenous opioids.Why do all CIP phenotypes involve a complete loss of all types of nociception? AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH PRDM12 as an analgesic target.Discovery of the function and analgesic potential of new CIP genes.Can NGF-TRKA be used in the treatment of S. aureus?
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichrak Drissi
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, The Keith Peters Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - William Aidan Woods
- School of Medicine, David Weatherall building, University Road, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Christopher Geoffrey Woods
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, The Keith Peters Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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Chen X, Wyler SC, Li L, Arnold AG, Wan R, Jia L, Landy MA, Lai HC, Xu P, Liu C. Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses of Developing Melanocortin Neurons Reveal New Regulators for the Anorexigenic Neuron Identity. J Neurosci 2020; 40:3165-3177. [PMID: 32213554 PMCID: PMC7159888 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0155-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their opposing actions on food intake, POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) are derived from the same progenitors that give rise to ARH neurons. However, the mechanism whereby common neuronal precursors subsequently adopt either the anorexigenic (POMC) or the orexigenic (NPY/AgRP) identity remains elusive. We hypothesize that POMC and NPY/AgRP cell fates are specified and maintained by distinct intrinsic factors. In search of them, we profiled the transcriptomes of developing POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons in mice. Moreover, cell-type-specific transcriptomic analyses revealed transcription regulators that are selectively enriched in either population, but whose developmental functions are unknown in these neurons. Among them, we found the expression of the PR domain-containing factor 12 (Prdm12) was enriched in POMC neurons but absent in NPY/AgRP neurons. To study the role of Prdm12 in vivo, we developed and characterized a floxed Prdm12 allele. Selective ablation of Prdm12 in embryonic POMC neurons led to significantly reduced Pomc expression as well as early-onset obesity in mice of either sex that recapitulates symptoms of human POMC deficiency. Interestingly, however, specific deletion of Prdm12 in adult POMC neurons showed that it is no longer required for Pomc expression or energy balance. Collectively, these findings establish a critical role for Prdm12 in the anorexigenic neuron identity and suggest that it acts developmentally to program body weight homeostasis. Finally, the combination of cell-type-specific genomic and genetic analyses provides a means to dissect cellular and functional diversity in the hypothalamus whose neurodevelopment remains poorly studied.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons are derived from the same hypothalamic progenitors but have opposing effects on food intake. We profiled the transcriptomes of genetically labeled POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons in the developing mouse hypothalamus to decipher the transcriptional codes behind the versus orexigenic neuron identity. Our analyses revealed 29 transcription regulators that are selectively enriched in one of the two populations. We generated new mouse genetic models to selective ablate one of POMC-neuron enriched transcription factors Prdm12 in developing and adult POMC neurons. Our studies establish a previously unrecognized role for Prdm12 in the anorexigenic neuron identity and suggest that it acts developmentally to program body weight homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiameng Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Steven C Wyler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Li Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Amanda G Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Mark A Landy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Helen C Lai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Pin Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hypothalamic Research Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
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Hael CE, Rojo D, Orquera DP, Low MJ, Rubinstein M. The transcriptional regulator PRDM12 is critical for Pomc expression in the mouse hypothalamus and controlling food intake, adiposity, and body weight. Mol Metab 2020; 34:43-53. [PMID: 32180559 PMCID: PMC7011018 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulation of food intake and energy balance depends on a group of hypothalamic neurons that release anorexigenic melanocortins encoded by the Pomc gene. Although the physiological importance of central melanocortins is well appreciated, the genetic program that defines the functional identity of melanocortin neurons and assures high levels of hypothalamic Pomc expression is only beginning to be understood. This study assessed whether the transcriptional regulator PRDM12, identified as a highly expressed gene in adult mouse POMC neurons, plays an important role in the identity and function of melanocortin neurons. METHODS We first determined the cellular distribution of PRDM12 in the developing hypothalamus. Then we studied mutant mice with constitutively inactivated Prdm12 to evaluate possible changes in hypothalamic Pomc expression. In addition, we characterized conditional mutant mice specifically lacking Prdm12 in ISL1-positive or POMC neurons during development. Finally, we measured food intake, body weight progression up to 16 weeks of age, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in adult mice lacking Prdm12 selectively from POMC neurons. RESULTS PRDM12 co-expressed with POMC in mouse hypothalamic neurons from early development to adulthood. Mice lacking Prdm12 displayed greatly reduced Pomc expression in the developing hypothalamus. Selective ablation of Prdm12 from ISL1 neurons prevented hypothalamic Pomc expression. The conditional ablation of Prdm12 limited to POMC neurons greatly reduced Pomc expression in the developing hypothalamus and in adult mice led to increased food intake, adiposity, and obesity. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results demonstrate that PRDM12 plays an essential role in the early establishment of hypothalamic melanocortin neuron identity and the maintenance of high expression levels of Pomc. Its absence in adult mice greatly impairs Pomc expression and leads to increased food intake, adiposity, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara E Hael
- Institute of Investigations in Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Rojo
- Institute of Investigations in Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela P Orquera
- Institute of Investigations in Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Malcolm J Low
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
| | - Marcelo Rubinstein
- Institute of Investigations in Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Xing Y, Chen J, Hilley H, Steele H, Yang J, Han L. Molecular Signature of Pruriceptive MrgprA3 + Neurons. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:2041-2050. [PMID: 32234460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Itch, initiated by the activation of sensory neurons, is associated frequently with dermatological diseases. MrgprA3+ sensory neurons have been identified as one of the major itch-sensing neuronal populations. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that peripheral pathological conditions induce physiological regulation of sensory neurons, which is critical for the maintenance of chronic itch sensation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we performed RNA sequencing of genetically labeled MrgprA3+ neurons under both naïve and allergic contact dermatitis conditions. Our results revealed the unique molecular signature of itch-sensing neurons and the distinct transcriptional profile changes that result in response to dermatitis. We found enrichment of nine Mrgpr family members and two histamine receptors in MrgprA3+ neurons, suggesting that MrgprA3+ neurons are a direct neuronal target for histamine and Mrgpr agonists. In addition, PTPN6 and PCDH12 were identified as highly selective markers of MrgprA3+ neurons. We also discovered that MrgprA3+ neurons respond to skin dermatitis in a way that is unique from other sensory neurons by regulating a combination of transcriptional factors, ion channels, and key molecules involved in synaptic transmission. These results significantly increase our knowledge of itch transmission and uncover potential targets for combating itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xing
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Henry Hilley
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Haley Steele
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Liang Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Devigili G, Rinaldo S, Lombardi R, Cazzato D, Marchi M, Salvi E, Eleopra R, Lauria G. Diagnostic criteria for small fibre neuropathy in clinical practice and research. Brain 2019; 142:3728-3736. [PMID: 31665231 PMCID: PMC6906595 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic criteria for small fibre neuropathy are not established, influencing the approach to patients in clinical practice, their access to disease-modifying and symptomatic treatments, the use of healthcare resources, and the design of clinical trials. To address these issues, we performed a reappraisal study of 150 patients with sensory neuropathy and a prospective and follow-up validation study of 352 new subjects with suspected sensory neuropathy. Small fibre neuropathy diagnostic criteria were based on deep clinical phenotyping, quantitative sensory testing (QST) and intraepidermal nerve fibre density (IENFD). Small fibre neuropathy was ruled out in 5 of 150 patients (3.3%) of the reappraisal study. Small fibre neuropathy was diagnosed at baseline of the validation study in 149 of 352 patients (42.4%) based on the combination between two clinical signs and abnormal QST and IENFD (69.1%), abnormal QST alone (5.4%), or abnormal IENFD alone (20.1%). Eight patients (5.4%) had abnormal QST and IENFD but no clinical signs. Further, 38 patients complained of sensory symptoms but showed no clinical signs. Of those, 34 (89.4%) had normal QST and IENFD, 4 (10.5%) had abnormal QST and normal IENFD, and none had abnormal IENFD alone. At 18-month follow-up, 19 of them (56%) reported the complete recovery of symptoms and showed normal clinical, QST and IENFD findings. None of those with one single abnormal test (QST or IENFD) developed clinical signs or showed abnormal findings on the other test. Conversely, all eight patients with abnormal QST and IENFD at baseline developed clinical signs at follow-up. The combination of clinical signs and abnormal QST and/or IENFD findings can more reliably lead to the diagnosis of small fibre neuropathy than the combination of abnormal QST and IENFD findings in the absence of clinical signs. Sensory symptoms alone should not be considered a reliable screening feature. Our findings demonstrate that the combined clinical, functional and structural approach to the diagnosis of small fibre neuropathy is reliable and relevant both for clinical practice and clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Devigili
- Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Rinaldo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lombardi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Cazzato
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Marchi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Salvi
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Eleopra
- Movement Disorders Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Transcriptional Profiling of Individual Airway Projecting Vagal Sensory Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:949-963. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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