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Huang Y, Jiang W, Zhou R. DAMP sensing and sterile inflammation: intracellular, intercellular and inter-organ pathways. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01027-3. [PMID: 38684933 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules that are released from host cells as a result of cell death or damage. The release of DAMPs in tissues is associated with loss of tissue homeostasis. Sensing of DAMPs by innate immune receptors triggers inflammation, which can be beneficial in initiating the processes that restore tissue homeostasis but can also drive inflammatory diseases. In recent years, the sensing of intracellular DAMPs has received extensive attention in the field of sterile inflammation. However, emerging studies have shown that DAMPs that originate from neighbouring cells, and even from distal tissues or organs, also mediate sterile inflammatory responses. This multi-level sensing of DAMPs is crucial for intercellular, trans-tissue and trans-organ communication. Here, we summarize how DAMP-sensing receptors detect DAMPs from intracellular, intercellular or distal tissue and organ sources to mediate sterile inflammation. We also discuss the possibility of targeting DAMPs or their corresponding receptors to treat inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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2
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Ma M, Jiang W, Zhou R. DAMPs and DAMP-sensing receptors in inflammation and diseases. Immunity 2024; 57:752-771. [PMID: 38599169 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules produced in cellular damage or stress, and they can activate the innate immune system. DAMPs contain multiple types of molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, ions, glycans, and metabolites. Although these endogenous molecules do not trigger immune response under steady-state condition, they may undergo changes in distribution, physical or chemical property, or concentration upon cellular damage or stress, and then they become DAMPs that can be sensed by innate immune receptors to induce inflammatory response. Thus, DAMPs play an important role in inflammation and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the conversion of homeostatic molecules into DAMPs; the diverse nature and classification, cellular origin, and sensing of DAMPs; and their role in inflammation and related diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical strategies to treat DAMP-associated diseases via targeting DAMP-sensing receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China; Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
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3
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Lin A, Mou W, Zhu L, Yang T, Zhou C, Zhang J, Luo P. Mutations in the DNA polymerase binding pathway affect the immune microenvironment of patients with small-cell lung cancer and enhance the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy. CANCER INNOVATION 2023; 2:500-512. [PMID: 38125769 PMCID: PMC10730006 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by its high malignancy and is associated with a poor prognosis. In the early stages of the disease, platinum-based chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment and has demonstrated efficacy. However, SCLC is prone to recurrence and is generally resistant to chemotherapy in its later stages. Methods Here, we collected samples from SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses, and validated our results with publicly available data. Results SCLC patients with DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations had an improved prognosis after platinum chemotherapy compared with patients without such mutations. Patients in the mutant (MT) group had higher infiltration of T cells, B cells, and M1 macrophages compared with patients without DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations. Conclusions DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations can be used as prognostic markers for platinum-based chemotherapy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Weiming Mou
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Etiology and CarcinogenesisNational Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tao Yang
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chaozheng Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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4
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Paniagua I, Jacobs JJL. Freedom to err: The expanding cellular functions of translesion DNA polymerases. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3608-3621. [PMID: 37625405 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases were originally described as error-prone enzymes involved in the bypass of DNA lesions. However, extensive research over the past few decades has revealed that these enzymes play pivotal roles not only in lesion bypass, but also in a myriad of other cellular processes. Such processes include DNA replication, DNA repair, epigenetics, immune signaling, and even viral infection. This review discusses the wide range of functions exhibited by TLS polymerases, including their underlying biochemical mechanisms and associated mutagenicity. Given their multitasking ability to alleviate replication stress, TLS polymerases represent a cellular dependency and a critical vulnerability of cancer cells. Hence, this review also highlights current and emerging strategies for targeting TLS polymerases in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Paniagua
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline J L Jacobs
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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5
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Hakura A, Sui H, Seki Y, Sonoda J, Yoshida Y, Takagi H, Yokose S, Matsuda T, Asakura S, Nohmi T. DNA polymerase κ suppresses inflammation and inflammation-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenic potential in the colon of mice. Genes Environ 2023; 45:15. [PMID: 37087526 PMCID: PMC10122296 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-023-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation induces DNA damage and promotes cell proliferation, thereby increasing the risk of cancer. DNA polymerase κ (Pol κ), involved in translesion DNA synthesis, counteracts mutagenesis induced by inflammation in the colon of mice. In the present study, we examined whether Pol κ suppressed inflammation-induced colon tumorigenesis by treating inactivated Polk knock-in (Polk-/-) mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an inducer of colon inflammation. RESULTS Male and female Polk-/- and Polk+/+ mice were administered 2% DSS in drinking water for six consecutive days, succeeded via a recovery period of 16 days, followed by 2% DSS for another two days. DSS treatment strongly induced colitis, and the severity of colitis was higher in Polk-/- mice than in Polk+/+ mice. The mice were sacrificed after 19 weeks from the initiation of the first DSS treatment and subjected to pathological examination and mutation analysis. DSS treatment induced colonic dysplasia, and the multiplicity of dysplasia was higher in Polk-/- mice than in Polk+/+mice. Some of the dysplasias in Polk-/- mice exhibited β-catenin-stained nucleus and/or cytoplasm. Mutation frequencies in the gpt reporter gene were increased by DSS treatment in Polk-/- mice, and were higher than those in Polk+/+ mice. CONCLUSIONS Pol κ suppresses inflammation and inflammation-induced dysplasia as well as inflammation-induced mutagenesis. The possible mechanisms by which Pol κ suppresses colitis- and colitis-induced dysplasia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan.
| | - Hajime Sui
- Division of Safety Testing, Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute, Hadano, Kanagawa, 257-0025, Japan
| | - Yuki Seki
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Jiro Sonoda
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
- Present Address: Operations Department, Global Safety HQS, Eisai Co., Ltd., 4-6-10 Koishikawa, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8088, Japan
| | - Yusaku Yoshida
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Takagi
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yokose
- Biotechnical Center, Japan SLC, Inc., 3-5-1 Aoihigashi, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu-Shi, Shizuoka, 433-8114, Japan
| | - Tomonari Matsuda
- Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-0811, Japan
| | - Shoji Asakura
- Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nohmi
- Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
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Wu N, Liu F, Huang Y, Su X, Zhang Y, Yu L, Liu B. Necroptosis Related Genes Predict Prognosis and Therapeutic Potential in Gastric Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010101. [PMID: 36671486 PMCID: PMC9856014 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance of necroptosis in gastric cancer (GC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of our study was to identify a necroptosis-relevant gene and to establish a prediction model to estimate the prognosis and therapeutic potential in GC. Here, we explored the expression profile of 76 necroptosis-related genes in TCGA-STAD patients. A six-gene risk score prediction model was established via regression analysis of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and validated in a separate cohort. Patients were separated into low- or high-risk groups according to the median risk score. We then compared and analyzed the biological process characteristics of two risk groups. Additionally, cell-to-cell communications and metabolic activity were analyzed in a single-cell solution. The in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the biological functions and drug sensitivity of necroptosis-related genes in gastric cancer. Our results identified that compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group was associated with a higher clinical stage or grade and a worse prognosis. In addition, the low-risk group had higher levels of immunity and immune cell infiltration. Necroptosis was triggered by the TNF pathway in myeloid cells and the glycolysis pathway was altered. Necroptosis-related genes modulated the cell function, including proliferation and migration in vitro. Furthermore, the potential drugs' sensitivity was higher in the low-risk subgroup. These findings could facilitate a better understanding and improve the treatment potential and prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandie Wu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fangcen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’an, Huai’an 223022, China
| | - Xinyu Su
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-83107081
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Abstract
High-fidelity DNA replication is critical for the faithful transmission of genetic information to daughter cells. Following genotoxic stress, specialized DNA damage tolerance pathways are activated to ensure replication fork progression. These pathways include translesion DNA synthesis, template switching and repriming. In this Review, we describe how DNA damage tolerance pathways impact genome stability, their connection with tumorigenesis and their effects on cancer therapy response. We discuss recent findings that single-strand DNA gap accumulation impacts chemoresponse and explore a growing body of evidence that suggests that different DNA damage tolerance factors, including translesion synthesis polymerases, template switching proteins and enzymes affecting single-stranded DNA gaps, represent useful cancer targets. We further outline how the consequences of DNA damage tolerance mechanisms could inform the discovery of new biomarkers to refine cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cybulla
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Guo X, Hintzsche H, Xu W, Ni J, Xue J, Wang X. Interplay of cGAS with micronuclei: Regulation and diseases. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2022; 790:108440. [PMID: 35970331 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2022.108440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In higher eukaryotes, sophisticate regulation of genome function requires all chromosomes to be packed into a single nucleus. Micronucleus (MN), the dissociative nucleus-like structure frequently observed in aging and multiple disease settings, has critical, yet under-recognized, pathophysiological functions. Micronuclei (MNi) have recently emerged as major sources of cytosolic DNA that can activate the cGAS-STING axis in a cell-intrinsic manner. However, MNi induced from different genotoxic stressors display great heterogeneity in binding or activating cGAS and the signaling responses downstream of the MN-induced cGAS-STING axis have divergent outcomes including autoimmunity, autoinflammation, metastasis, or cell death. Thus, full characterization of molecular network underpinning the interplay of cGAS and MN is important to elucidate the pathophysiological roles of immunogenic MN and design improved drugs that selectively target cancer via boosting the MN-derived cGAS-STING axis. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the mechanisms for self-DNA discrimination by cGAS. We focus on discussing how MN immunogencity is dictated by multiple mechanisms including integrity of micronuclear envelope, state of nucleosome and DNA, competitive factors, damaged mitochondrial DNA and micronucleophagy. We also describe emerging links between immunogenic MN and human diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19. Particularly, we explore the exciting concept of inducing immunogenic MN as a therapeutic approach in treating cancer. We propose a new theoretical framework to describe immunogenic MN as a biological sensor to modulate cellular processes in response to genotoxic stress and provide perspectives on developing novel experimental approaches to unravel the complexity of MN immunogenicity regulation and immunogenic MN pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Henning Hintzsche
- Department of Food Safety, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, Germany.
| | - Weijiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Juan Ni
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jinglun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Higgs EF, Bao R, Hatogai K, Gajewski TF. Wilms tumor reveals DNA repair gene hyperexpression is linked to lack of tumor immune infiltration. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-004797. [PMID: 35705315 PMCID: PMC9204399 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A T cell-rich tumor microenvironment has been associated with improved clinical outcome and response to immune checkpoint blockade therapies in several adult cancers. Understanding the mechanisms for lack of immune cell infiltration in tumors is critical for expanding immunotherapy efficacy. To gain new insights into the mechanisms of poor tumor immunogenicity, we turned to pediatric cancers, which are generally unresponsive to checkpoint blockade. Methods RNA sequencing and clinical data were obtained for Wilms tumor, rhabdoid tumor, osteosarcoma, and neuroblastoma from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database, and adult cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using an 18-gene tumor inflammation signature (TIS) representing activated CD8+ T cells, we identified genes inversely correlated with the signature. Based on these results, adult tumors were also analyzed, and immunofluorescence was performed on metastatic melanoma samples to assess the MSH2 relationship to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) efficacy. Results Among the four pediatric cancers, we observed the lowest TIS scores in Wilms tumor. TIS scores were lower in Wilms tumors compared with matched normal kidney tissues, arguing for loss of endogenous T cell infiltration. Pathway analysis of genes upregulated in Wilms tumor and anti-correlated with TIS revealed activated pathways involved DNA repair. The majority of adult tumors in TCGA also showed high DNA repair scores associated with low TIS. Melanoma samples from an independent cohort revealed an inverse correlation between MSH2+ tumor cells and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, melanomas with high MSH2+ tumor cell numbers were largely non-responders to anti-PD-1 therapy. Conclusions Increased tumor expression of DNA repair genes is associated with a less robust immune response in Wilms tumor and the majority of TCGA tumor types. Surprisingly, the negative relationship between DNA repair score and TIS remained strong across TCGA when correcting for mutation count, indicating a potential role for DNA repair genes outside of preventing the accumulation of mutations. While loss of DNA repair machinery has been associated with carcinogenesis and mutational antigen generation, our results suggest that hyperexpression of DNA repair genes might be prohibitive for antitumor immunity, arguing for pharmacologic targeting of DNA repair as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Higgs
- Pathology, University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Riyue Bao
- Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ken Hatogai
- Pathology, University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas F Gajewski
- Pathology, University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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10
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Harapas CR, Idiiatullina E, Al-Azab M, Hrovat-Schaale K, Reygaerts T, Steiner A, Laohamonthonkul P, Davidson S, Yu CH, Booty L, Masters SL. Organellar homeostasis and innate immune sensing. Nat Rev Immunol 2022; 22:535-549. [PMID: 35197578 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A cell is delimited by numerous borders that define specific organelles. The walls of some organelles are particularly robust, such as in mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum, but some are more fluid such as in phase-separated stress granules. Either way, all organelles can be damaged at times, leading their contents to leak out into the surrounding environment. Therefore, an elegant way to construct an innate immune defence system is to recognize host molecules that do not normally reside within a particular compartment. Here, we provide several examples where organellar homeostasis is lost, leading to the activation of a specific innate immune sensor; these include NLRP3 activation owing to a disrupted trans-Golgi network, Pyrin activation due to cytoskeletal damage, and cGAS-STING activation following the leakage of nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. Frequently, organelle damage is observed downstream of pathogenic infection but it can also occur in sterile settings as associated with auto-inflammatory disease. Therefore, understanding organellar homeostasis is central to efforts that will identify new innate immune pathways, and therapeutics that balance organellar homeostasis, or target the breakdown pathways that trigger innate immune sensors, could be useful treatments for infection and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra R Harapas
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elina Idiiatullina
- Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mahmoud Al-Azab
- Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Katja Hrovat-Schaale
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas Reygaerts
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Annemarie Steiner
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute of Structural Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pawat Laohamonthonkul
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lee Booty
- Immunology Network, Immunology Research Unit, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Immunology Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Wang B, Lan J, Pu J, Liu X, Gong B. Adsorption of cadmium ions from simulated battery wastewater by polyethylene polyamine-modified activated carbon. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:3916-3927. [PMID: 34928852 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the treatment of wastewater containing cadmium ions (Cd2+). Activated carbon (AC) was modified with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and polyethylene polyamine (PEPA). The structure and morphology of the modified AC was characterized. The effect of pH on adsorption was investigated, and the binary competitive adsorption and the reusability of the modified AC were studied. Subsequently the modified AC was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd2+ from wastewater. The adsorption capacity of optimized modified AC was 9.7 times that of unmodified AC. Kinetic adsorption curves were in accordance with pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the isothermal curves were in accordance with the Langmuir equation. The results indicate that the AC has potential in the treatment of the wastewater containing Cd2+ discharged from chemical plants during battery manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China E-mail:
| | - Jingming Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China E-mail:
| | - Junli Pu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China E-mail:
| | - Xiu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China E-mail:
| | - Bolin Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China E-mail:
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12
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Comparative Analysis of Public RNA-Sequencing Data from Human Intestinal Enteroid (HIEs) Infected with Enteric RNA Viruses Identifies Universal and Virus-Specific Epithelial Responses. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061059. [PMID: 34205050 PMCID: PMC8227290 DOI: 10.3390/v13061059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has a significant disease burden on society. Noroviruses, rotaviruses, and astroviruses are important viral causes of AGE but are relatively understudied enteric pathogens. Recent developments in novel biomimetic human models of enteric disease are opening new possibilities for studying human-specific host-microbe interactions. Human intestinal enteroids (HIE), which are epithelium-only intestinal organoids derived from stem cells isolated from human intestinal biopsy tissues, have been successfully used to culture representative norovirus, rotavirus, and astrovirus strains. Previous studies investigated host-virus interactions at the intestinal epithelial interface by individually profiling the epithelial transcriptional response to a member of each virus family by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Despite differences in the tissue origin, enteric virus used, and hours post infection at which RNA was collected in each data set, the uniform analysis of publicly available datasets identified a conserved epithelial response to virus infection focused around "type I interferon production" and interferon-stimulated genes. Additionally, transcriptional changes specific to only one or two of the enteric viruses were also identified. This study can guide future explorations into common and unique aspects of the host response to virus infections in the human intestinal epithelium and demonstrates the promise of comparative RNA-seq analysis, even if performed under different experimental conditions, to discover universal and virus-specific genes and pathways responsible for antiviral host defense.
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Uchihara Y, Permata TBM, Sato H, Shibata A. Modulation of immune responses by DNA damage signaling. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 104:103135. [PMID: 34029876 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An accumulation of evidence indicates the importance of DNA damage signaling in modulating immune responses. Indeed, understanding the mechanism that underlies signal transduction originating from DNA damage is vital to overcoming refractory cancer, particularly when cancer immune therapy is applied in combination with DNA damage-dependent radio/chemotherapy. In addition, immune-associated responses to such signals can aggravate the symptoms of infections, allergies, autoimmune disease, and aging. In this review, we discuss how cells transduce signals, triggered by DNA damage, from their origins to neighboring cells and how this affects immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Uchihara
- Signal Transduction Program, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Hiro Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shibata
- Signal Transduction Program, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma, Japan.
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