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Cano y Postigo LO, Jacobo-Velázquez DA, Guajardo-Flores D, Garcia Amezquita LE, García-Cayuela T. Solid-state fermentation for enhancing the nutraceutical content of agrifood by-products: Recent advances and its industrial feasibility. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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He Q, Peng H, Sheng M, Hu S, Qiu J, Gu J. Humidity Control Strategies for Solid-State Fermentation: Capillary Water Supply by Water-Retention Materials and Negative-Pressure Auto-controlled Irrigation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:263. [PMID: 31681743 PMCID: PMC6812397 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has regained interest owing to its advantages in solid waste treatment and fermentation industries. However, heterogeneous heat and mass transfer are often caused by the absence of free water and noticeable water loss from microbial utilization and moisture evaporation in SSF. It is necessary to explore more effective ways to solve issues of water loss and water supplement in SSF based on online capillary water monitoring, because capillary water is the dominant form of water that is present and lost in substrate. Two novel capillary-water supply strategies were proposed, established and evaluated using three selected reference strains, including water-retention materials and negative-pressure auto-controlled irrigation (NPACI). This study employed superabsorbent polymer, a kind of water-retention material to enhance enzyme productivity with the most significant increase of 2.47 times. Moreover, the combination of NPACI and 0.1% superabsorbent polymers increased productivity by 2.80-fold, together with lowered gradients of temperature, moisture and products. Furthermore, a modified liquid-supply SSF was constructed through successful capillary water control by proposed humidity control strategies. This modified SSF system could address the shortcomings of inhomogeneous culture of traditional SSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin He
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Huadong Peng
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mengyao Sheng
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shishan Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiguo Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayu Gu
- Nantong Lianhai Weijing Biology Co., Ltd., Haimen, China
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Ranjbar S, Hejazi P. Modeling and validating Pseudomonas aeruginosa kinetic parameters based on simultaneous effect of bed temperature and moisture content using lignocellulosic substrate in packed-bed bioreactor. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cripwell RA, Rose SH, Favaro L, van Zyl WH. Construction of industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for the efficient consolidated bioprocessing of raw starch. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:201. [PMID: 31452682 PMCID: PMC6701143 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) combines enzyme production, saccharification and fermentation into a one-step process. This strategy represents a promising alternative for economic ethanol production from starchy biomass with the use of amylolytic industrial yeast strains. RESULTS Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y294 laboratory strains simultaneously expressing an α-amylase and glucoamylase gene were screened to identify the best enzyme combination for raw starch hydrolysis. The codon optimised Talaromyces emersonii glucoamylase encoding gene (temG_Opt) and the native T. emersonii α-amylase encoding gene (temA) were selected for expression in two industrial S. cerevisiae yeast strains, namely Ethanol Red™ (hereafter referred to as the ER) and M2n. Two δ-integration gene cassettes were constructed to allow for the simultaneous multiple integrations of the temG_Opt and temA genes into the yeasts' genomes. During the fermentation of 200 g l-1 raw corn starch, the amylolytic industrial strains were able to ferment raw corn starch to ethanol in a single step with high ethanol yields. After 192 h at 30 °C, the S. cerevisiae ER T12 and M2n T1 strains (containing integrated temA and temG_Opt gene cassettes) produced 89.35 and 98.13 g l-1 ethanol, respectively, corresponding to estimated carbon conversions of 87 and 94%, respectively. The addition of a commercial granular starch enzyme cocktail in combination with the amylolytic yeast allowed for a 90% reduction in exogenous enzyme dosage, compared to the conventional simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) control experiment with the parental industrial host strains. CONCLUSIONS A novel amylolytic enzyme combination has been produced by two industrial S. cerevisiae strains. These recombinant strains represent potential drop-in CBP yeast substitutes for the existing conventional and raw starch fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A. Cripwell
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
| | - Shaunita H. Rose
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
| | - Lorenzo Favaro
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural resources Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università di Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova Italy
| | - Willem H. van Zyl
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602 South Africa
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Arora S, Rani R, Ghosh S. Bioreactors in solid state fermentation technology: Design, applications and engineering aspects. J Biotechnol 2018; 269:16-34. [PMID: 29408199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, substantial credibility in employing Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) technique has been witnessed owing to its numerous advantages over submerged fermentation (SmF). In spite of enormous advantages, true potential of SSF technology has not been fully realized at industrial scale. The lack of rational and scalable bioreactor designs backed by mathematical models and automated control system that could successfully address heterogeneity with respect to heat and mass, and also operate aseptically, remains the prime reason for it. As a result, there still exists vast scope in SSF bioreactor research and development to facilitate broad spectrum of biotechnological applications. The present article reviews state-of-the-art in SSF technology with focus on bioreactors that have been employed for bioprocess applications, in particular, enzyme production. Based on the mode of operation, bioreactors are divided into four categories with emphasis on design features, effect of operating conditions on productivity, applications and limitations. Selected modeling studies developed over the years, have been revised and presented in problem specific manner in order to address the limitations. Some interesting designs including few recent ones that have been proposed and/or employed at pilot and industrial levels are discussed in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Arora
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Richa Rani
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Sanjoy Ghosh
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
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Zhang BB, Xing HB, Jiang BJ, Chen L, Xu GR, Jiang Y, Zhang DY. Using millet as substrate for efficient production of monacolin K by solid-state fermentation of Monascus ruber. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 125:333-338. [PMID: 29157871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, various grains such as rice, millet, corn, barley and wheat were used as raw materials for monacolin K production by solid-state fermentation of Monascus ruber. Among these substrates, millet was found to be the best one for monacolin K production, by which the yield reached 7.12 mg/g. For enhanced monacolin K production, the effects of fermentation time, charge amount, initial moisture content and inoculum volume were systematically investigated in the solid-state fermentation of M. ruber. Moreover, complementary carbon source and nitrogen source were added for further improving the production of monacolin K. Results showed that the maximum production of monacolin K (19.81 mg/g) could be obtained at the optimal conditions. Compared with the traditional red mold rice, using millet as substrate is promising for high production of monacolin K in the solid-state fermentation of M. ruber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bing-Jie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gan-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Sichuan Neautus Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Herui South Avenue 8, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Da-Yong Zhang
- Sichuan Neautus Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Herui South Avenue 8, Chengdu 610036, China
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Finkler ATJ, Biz A, Pitol LO, Medina BS, Luithardt H, Luz LFDL, Krieger N, Mitchell DA. Intermittent agitation contributes to uniformity across the bed during pectinase production by Aspergillus niger grown in solid-state fermentation in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Solid state fermentation of waste bread pieces by Aspergillus awamori: Analysing the effects of airflow rate on enzyme production in packed bed bioreactors. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Derakhti S, Shojaosadati SA, Hashemi M, Khajeh K. PROCESS PARAMETERS STUDY OF α-AMYLASE PRODUCTION IN A PACKED-BED BIOREACTOR UNDER SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION WITH POSSIBILITY OF TEMPERATURE MONITORING. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 42:203-16. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2011.599466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mathematical modeling of biomass and α-amylase production kinetics by Bacillus sp. in solid-state fermentation based on solid dry weight variation. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bhatnagar A, Kumar S, Gomes J. Operating conditions of a 200l staged vertical reactor for bioconversion of wheat straw by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:6917-6927. [PMID: 18313918 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion of wheat straw using Phanerochaete chrysosporium was carried out in a 200l staged vertical reactor. The bioconversion process was characterized by measuring the percentage degradation of lignin and cellulose, and increment in crude protein content. The effect of airflow rate, inoculum amount and wheat straw loading on bioconversion was investigated using a statistical experimental design. An analysis of variance was performed to determine response surfaces. The quality of bioconversion indicated by an optimization index called the desirability coefficient had the highest value of 0.75 for the fifth day of cultivation. This corresponded to an operating condition of 1.5kg wheat straw per stage using an inoculum amount of 0.38g (100g dry wheat straw)(-1) and an airflow rate of 15lmin(-1). The lignin and cellulose degradation achieved at this operating condition was 27% and 29%, respectively. A ratio of 3 for the weight of wheat straw to inoculum amount gave the highest crude protein of 5.9% on dry weight basis. Among the variables investigated, the airflow rate exhibited a significant effect on the quality of bioconversion. Our results indicate that the quality of bioconversion may be controlled by implementing a predetermined airflow rate schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Bhatnagar
- Biocon Ltd., 20th KM, Hosur Road, Electronics City, Bangalore 560 100, India
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Sahir AH, Kumar S, Kumar S. Modelling of a packed bed solid-state fermentation bioreactor using the N-tanks in series approach. Biochem Eng J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2006.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pérez-Correa JR, Fernández-Fernández M. Predictive controller evaluation including non-stationary high frequency noise and outliers for batch solid substrate fermentation bioreactors. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2006; 29:399-407. [PMID: 17082913 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-006-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Optimum operation and automatic control of large-scale solid substrate fermentation (SSF) bioreactors is difficult. Though advanced control algorithms can handle most challenges encountered properly, for real-time SSF processes such controllers are expensive and time consuming to design and tune. With these considerations, advanced control algorithm tests using realistic simulations appear more appropriate. We used a phenomenological process model of an SSF pilot bioreactor, coupled with a realistic noise model, to test linear model predictive controllers. We focused on the effect noise has on the performance of the control algorithms, and how to enhance performance using a combination of low-pass (Butterworth) and outlier shaving (Hampel) filters. In simulations undertaken directly with the phenomenological model it was relatively straightforward to achieve good control performance. Nevertheless, control degraded sharply when the output of the phenomenological model was contaminated with noise using our realistic noise model, even with proper signal filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Pérez-Correa
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile.
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