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Zhang H, You W, Bian F, Yu W. Heterogeneous Percolation in Poly(methylvinylsiloxane)/Silica Nanocomposites: The Role of Polymer–Particle Interaction. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei You
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenggang Bian
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201800, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201204, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People’s Republic of China
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Vuluga Z, Sanporean CG, Panaitescu DM, Teodorescu GM, Corobea MC, Nicolae CA, Gabor AR, Raditoiu V. The Effect of SEBS/Halloysite Masterbatch Obtained in Different Extrusion Conditions on the Properties of Hybrid Polypropylene/Glass Fiber Composites for Auto Parts. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203560. [PMID: 34685321 PMCID: PMC8541571 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Masterbatches from a linear poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS) and halloysite nanotubes (HNT-QM) were obtained in different conditions of temperature and shear using two co-rotating twin-screw extruders. The influence of screw configuration and melt processing conditions on the morpho-structural, thermal and mechanical properties of masterbatches at macro and nanoscale was studied. A good dispersion of halloysite nanotubes and better thermal stability and tensile and nanomechanical properties were obtained at a lower temperature profile and higher screw speed. The effect of masterbatches, the best and worst alternatives, on the properties of a polypropylene (PP)–glass fiber (GF) composite was also evaluated. Double hardness, tensile strength and modulus and four times higher impact strength were obtained for PP/GF composites containing masterbatches compared to pristine PP. However, the masterbatch with the best properties led further to enhanced mechanical properties of the PP/GF composite. A clear difference between the effects of the two masterbatches was obtained by nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests. These analyses proved to be useful for the design of polymer composites for automotive parts, such as bumpers or door panels. This study demonstrated that setting-up the correct processing conditions is very important to obtain the desired properties for automotive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina Vuluga
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: (Z.V.); (D.M.P.); Tel.: +40-21-316-3068 (Z.V. & D.M.P.)
| | - Catalina-Gabriela Sanporean
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, DK-9220 Aalborg East, Denmark;
| | - Denis Mihaela Panaitescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
- Correspondence: (Z.V.); (D.M.P.); Tel.: +40-21-316-3068 (Z.V. & D.M.P.)
| | - George Mihail Teodorescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
| | - Mihai Cosmin Corobea
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
| | - Cristian Andi Nicolae
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
| | - Augusta Raluca Gabor
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
| | - Valentin Raditoiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Polymer Department, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.T.); (M.C.C.); (C.A.N.); (A.R.G.); (V.R.)
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3
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In‐line characterization of dispersion uniformity evolution during a twin‐screw blending extrusion based on near‐infrared spectroscopy. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Teixeira P, Covas J, Hilliou L. In-process assessment of clay dispersion in PLA during melt compounding: Effects of screw speed and filler content. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vergnes B. Influence of Processing Conditions on the Preparation of Clay-Based Nanocomposites by Twin-Screw Extrusion. INT POLYM PROC 2019. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review paper is devoted to the preparation of clay-based thermoplastic nanocomposites by melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. The influence of the main processing parameters (screw speed, feed rate, barrel temperature, screw profile) on the state of the clay dispersion at the micro- and nanoscale is characterized. The change of dispersion state along the screws and the corresponding mechanisms are presented. The interest of process modelling to predict the state of dispersion is evaluated and, finally, the main modifications of the twin-screw extrusion process to improve the clay dispersion are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vergnes
- 1MINES Paris Tech, PSL Research University, CEMEF, UMR CNRS 7635, CS 10207, Sophia Antipolis, France
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6
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Bischoff E, Simon DA, Liberman SA, Mauler RS. Compounding sequence as a critical factor in the dispersion of OMMT/hydrocarbon resin/PP-g-MA/PP nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Normand G, Mija A, Pagnotta S, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Vergnes B. Preparation of polypropylene nanocomposites by melt-mixing: Comparison between three organoclays. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Normand
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CEMEF-Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635; 06904 Sophia-Antipolis CS 10207 France
| | - Alice Mija
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, ICN-UMR CNRS 7272, Parc Valrose; Nice Cedex 2 06108 France
| | - Sophie Pagnotta
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Parc Valrose; Nice Cedex 2 06108 France
| | - Edith Peuvrel-Disdier
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CEMEF-Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635; 06904 Sophia-Antipolis CS 10207 France
| | - Bruno Vergnes
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CEMEF-Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7635; 06904 Sophia-Antipolis CS 10207 France
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Normand G, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Vergnes B. Attempts to Optimize the Dispersion State during Twin-Screw Extrusion of Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites. INT POLYM PROC 2017. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by melt-mixing in a twin-screw extruder. Polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride was used as compatibilizer. The evolution of the microstructure along the screw profile was characterized through dead-stop experiments. In order to quantify the multi-scale dispersion state of the nanocomposites, different techniques have been used: scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to observe the large remaining aggregates, X-Ray diffraction measurements to characterize the intercalation state by measuring the interlamellar distance, and finally rheological characterizations in the molten state to assess the dispersion state at the nanoscale. The effects of low barrel temperatures and high matrix viscosity were tested, in order to improve exfoliation by an increase in shear stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Normand
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
| | - E. Peuvrel-Disdier
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
| | - B. Vergnes
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
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Bugnicourt E, Kehoe T, Latorre M, Serrano C, Philippe S, Schmid M. Recent Prospects in the Inline Monitoring of Nanocomposites and Nanocoatings by Optical Technologies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 6:E150. [PMID: 28335278 PMCID: PMC5224628 DOI: 10.3390/nano6080150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials have emerged as a key research field in order to confer materials with unique or enhanced properties. The performance of nanocomposites depends on a number of parameters, but the suitable dispersion of nanoparticles remains the key in order to obtain the full nanocomposites' potential in terms of, e.g., flame retardance, mechanical, barrier, thermal properties, etc. Likewise, the performance of nanocoatings to obtain, for example, tailored surface affinity with selected liquids (e.g., for self-cleaning ability or anti-fog properties), protective effects against flame propagation, ultra violet (UV) radiation or gas permeation, is highly dependent on the nanocoating's thickness and homogeneity. In terms of recent advances in the monitoring of nanocomposites and nanocoatings, this review discusses commonly-used offline characterization approaches, as well as promising inline systems. All in all, having good control over both the dispersion and thickness of these materials would help with reaching optimal and consistent properties to allow nanocomposites to extend their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bugnicourt
- Innovació i Recerca Industrial i Sostenible (IRIS), Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Avda. Carl Friedrich Gauss 11, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain.
| | - Timothy Kehoe
- IRIS Advanced Engineering, NexusUCD, University College Dublin, Blocks 9 &10 Belfield Office Park Belfield, Dublin D04 V2N9, Ireland.
| | - Marcos Latorre
- Instituto Tecnológico del Embalaje, Transporte Y Logística, Parque Tecnológico, C/Albert Einstein, 1, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - Cristina Serrano
- Innovació i Recerca Industrial i Sostenible (IRIS), Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Avda. Carl Friedrich Gauss 11, Castelldefels, Barcelona 08860, Spain.
| | - Séverine Philippe
- IRIS Advanced Engineering, NexusUCD, University College Dublin, Blocks 9 &10 Belfield Office Park Belfield, Dublin D04 V2N9, Ireland.
| | - Markus Schmid
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Giggenhauser Strasse 35, Freising 85354, Germany.
- Chair of Food Packaging Technology, Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Steig 22, Freising 85354, Germany.
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Normand G, Peuvrel-Disdier E, Vergnes B. Matrix Degradation during High Speed Extrusion of Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites – Influence on Filler Dispersion. INT POLYM PROC 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We prepared polypropylene/organoclay nanocomposites by melt blending in a twin-screw extruder, exploring the domain of high screw speeds (up to 1 100 min−1). The samples were characterized at both microscale (size of agglomerates) and nanoscale (level of exfoliation). We show that, despite a satisfactory exfoliation, the polymer matrix suffered important thermomechanical degradation by chain scission. We propose a way to correct this degradation on the viscosity curves and we confirm that high screw speeds are not necessarily favorable to clay exfoliation, essentially because of the too high melt temperatures encountered during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Normand
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
| | - E. Peuvrel-Disdier
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
| | - B. Vergnes
- MINES ParisTech , PSL Research University, CEMEF – Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, Sophia-Antipolis , France
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Mould S, Barbas J, Machado AV, Nóbrega JM, Covas JA. Preparation of Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites by Melt Mixing in a Twin Screw Extruder: Using On-Line SAOS Rheometry to Assess the Level of Dispersion. INT POLYM PROC 2014. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A prototype on-line rotational rheometer was fixed between a twin screw extruder and a multi-rod die of an industrial pelletization line used for the manufacture of polymer-clay nanocomposites. After diverting the required amount of melt to the device, measurements were performed in small amplitude oscillatory shear and used to estimate the level of dispersion of the organoclay in the polypropylene matrix, by means of correlations that are commonly utilized. The aim is to determine whether changes in clay type, clay content, feed rate and screw speed cause detectable alterations in the rheological response and thus in the level of dispersion, with a view to practical process monitoring and control. The analysis of the data is supported by XRD and electron (scanning and transmission) microscopy observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mould
- Department of Polymer Engineering/IPC/I3N , University of Minho, Guimarães , Portugal
| | - J. Barbas
- Department of Polymer Engineering/IPC/I3N , University of Minho, Guimarães , Portugal
| | - A. V. Machado
- Department of Polymer Engineering/IPC/I3N , University of Minho, Guimarães , Portugal
| | - J. M. Nóbrega
- Department of Polymer Engineering/IPC/I3N , University of Minho, Guimarães , Portugal
| | - J. A. Covas
- Department of Polymer Engineering/IPC/I3N , University of Minho, Guimarães , Portugal
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Barbas JM, Machado AV, Covas JA. Processing Conditions Effect on Dispersion Evolution in a Twin-Screw Extruder: Polypropylene-Clay Nanocomposites. Chem Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Laske S, Witschnigg A, Selvasankar RK, Holzer C. Measuring the residence time distribution in a twin screw extruder with the use of NIR-spectroscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Laske
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben; Chair of Polymer Processing; Otto Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Andreas Witschnigg
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben; Chair of Polymer Processing; Otto Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Ramesh Kumar Selvasankar
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben; Chair of Polymer Processing; Otto Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Clemens Holzer
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben; Chair of Polymer Processing; Otto Glöckel-Strasse 2 8700 Leoben Austria
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