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Chen X, Sun JJ, Zheng SF, Wei BJ, Zhang LZ, Gao SR, Yang YR, Wang XD. Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Mesh Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39083646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Reducing the contact time of droplet impacts on surfaces is crucial for various applications including corrosion prevention and anti-icing. This study aims to explore a novel strategy that greatly reduces contact time using a superhydrophobic mesh surface with multiple sets of mutually perpendicular ridges while minimizing the influence of the impacting location. The effects of the impact Weber numbers and ridge spacing on the characteristics of the impact dynamics and contact time are studied experimentally. The experimental results reveal that, for the droplet impact on mesh surfaces, ridges can segment the liquid film into independently multiple-retracting liquid subunits. The retracted subunits provide the upward driving force, which may promote the splashing or pancake bouncing of droplets. At this point, the contact time has a negligible sensitivity for the impacting position and is significantly reduced by up to 68%. Furthermore, the time, dynamic pressure, and energy criteria for triggering splashing and pancake bouncing are proposed theoretically. This work provides an understanding of the mechanism and the design guidelines for effectively reducing the contact time of the impacting droplet on superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jun-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shao-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Bo-Jian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ling-Zhe Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Shu-Rong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Hu Z, Chu F, Shan H, Wu X, Dong Z, Wang R. Understanding and Utilizing Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Phenomena, Mechanisms, Regulations, Applications, and Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310177. [PMID: 38069449 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Droplet impact is a ubiquitous liquid behavior that closely tied to human life and production, making indispensable impacts on the big world. Nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces provide a powerful platform for regulating droplet impact dynamics. The collision between classic phenomena of droplet impact and the advanced manufacture of superhydrophobic surfaces is lighting up the future. Accurately understanding, predicting, and tailoring droplet dynamic behaviors on superhydrophobic surfaces are progressive steps to integrate the droplet impact into versatile applications and further improve the efficiency. In this review, the progress on phenomena, mechanisms, regulations, and applications of droplet impact on superhydrophobic surfaces, bridging the gap between droplet impact, superhydrophobic surfaces, and engineering applications are comprehensively summarized. It is highlighted that droplet contact and rebound are two focal points, and their fundamentals and dynamic regulations on elaborately designed superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed in detail. For the first time, diverse applications are classified into four categories according to the requirements for droplet contact and rebound. The remaining challenges are also pointed out and future directions to trigger subsequent research on droplet impact from both scientific and applied perspectives are outlined. The review is expected to provide a general framework for understanding and utilizing droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Hu
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Shan
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Zhang LZ, Chen X, Wang YF, Yang YR, Zheng SF, Lee DJ, Wang XD. Contact Time of a Droplet Off-Centered Impacting a Superhydrophobic Cylinder. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:16023-16034. [PMID: 37916520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has shown that a superhydrophobic cylindrical substrate could lead to a noncircumferential symmetry of an impacting droplet, reducing the contact time accordingly. It is of practical significance in applications, such as anti-icing, anticorrosion, and antifogging. However, few accounts have adequately addressed the off-centered impact of the droplet, despite it being more common in practice. This work investigates the dynamic behavior of a droplet off-centered impacting a superhydrophobic cylinder via the lattice Boltzmann method. The effect of the off-centered distance is primarily discussed for droplets taking various Weber numbers and cylinder sizes. The results show that the imposition of an off-center distance can further disrupt the droplet symmetry during the impact. As the off-center distance increases, the droplet movement is gradually tilted toward the offset side until it tangentially passes the cylinder side, resulting in a direct dripping mode. The dynamic features, focusing mainly on maximum spreading in the axial direction and contact time, are specifically explored. A quantitative model of the maximum spreading factor is proposed based on the equivalent transformation from the off-center impact into oblique hitting, considering the full range of off-centered distance. A preliminary contact time model is established for droplet off-centered impacting superhydrophobic cylinders by substituting the maximum spreading and the effective velocity of the liquid moving. This work aims to make an original contribution to the fundamental knowledge of droplet impact and could be of value for related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shao-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan-Ze University, Chungli 320, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Zhang LZ, Chen X, Yang YR, Wang XD. Impact Dynamics of a Droplet on Superhydrophobic Cylinders Structured with a Macro Ridge. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6375-6386. [PMID: 37092810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the contact time of a droplet hitting a solid surface is crucial for many situations. In this work, the dynamic behavior of a low-viscosity droplet on a superhydrophobic surface, which consists of a cylindrical substrate and a macro ridge placed axially on the peak, was numerically investigated via the lattice Boltzmann method. The focus was given to the spreading and the detaching morphology of the droplet at the Weber number We = 0.84-37.8 and the cylinder-to-droplet radius ratio R* = 0.57-5.71. The ridge is found to redistribute the droplet mass and affect the impact outcomes, as well as the contact time. For each R*, a jug rebound, a stretched rebound straddling the ridge, and a split detachment occur sequentially with the increasing We. When R* does not exceed 1.71, the contact time decreases continuously with the increase in We. With R* being taken between 1.71 and 5.14, the contact time initially reduces with We and plateaus after We reaches 10.3. Once R* exceeds 5.14, the split droplets may present as a bestriding shape at We > 30.3 rather than the regular jug shape with a small We. The contact time would be decreased to a second plateau in this case. In most cases, the contact time can be shortened effectively for the droplet on a ridged cylinder compared with that of a smooth cylinder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Advances in the Fabrication and Characterization of Superhydrophobic Surfaces Inspired by the Lotus Leaf. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040196. [PMID: 36412724 PMCID: PMC9680393 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has proven to be a valuable resource in inspiring the development of novel technologies. The field of biomimetics emerged centuries ago as scientists sought to understand the fundamental science behind the extraordinary properties of organisms in nature and applied the new science to mimic a desired property using various materials. Through evolution, living organisms have developed specialized surface coatings and chemistries with extraordinary properties such as the superhydrophobicity, which has been exploited to maintain structural integrity and for survival in harsh environments. The Lotus leaf is one of many examples which has inspired the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces. In this review, the fundamental science, supported by rigorous derivations from a thermodynamic perspective, is presented to explain the origin of superhydrophobicity. Based on theory, the interplay between surface morphology and chemistry is shown to influence surface wetting properties of materials. Various fabrication techniques to create superhydrophobic surfaces are also presented along with the corresponding advantages and/or disadvantages. Recent advances in the characterization techniques used to quantify the superhydrophobicity of surfaces is presented with respect to accuracy and sensitivity of the measurements. Challenges associated with the fabrication and characterization of superhydrophobic surfaces are also discussed.
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Jiang X, Zhou Y, Xu E, Meng X, Wu G, Li HZ. Dynamical behaviors of water drop impact on superhydrophobic surfaces with the macro-textured cavity. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wang L, Feng J, Dang T, Peng X. Effects of the surface roughness on the entrainment heights of oil–gas mixture impingement on the vertical wall. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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