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Sirrianni J, Hanks C, Rust S, Hart LC. Continuation of Pediatric Care after Transfer to Adult Care Among Autistic Youth Overlap of Pediatric and Adult Care. J Autism Dev Disord 2024:10.1007/s10803-024-06314-5. [PMID: 38520586 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-024-06314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The transition from pediatric to adult health care is a vulnerable time period for autistic adolescents and young adults (AYA) and for some autistic AYA may include a period of receiving care in both the pediatric and adult health systems. We sought to assess the proportion of autistic AYA who continued to use pediatric health services after their first adult primary care appointment and to identify factors associated with continued pediatric contact. We analyzed electronic medical record (EMR) data from a cohort of autistic AYA seen in a primary-care-based program for autistic people. Using logistic and linear regression, we assessed the relationship between eight patient characteristics and (1) the odds of a patient having ANY pediatric visits after their first adult appointment and (2) the number of pediatric visits among those with at least one pediatric visit. The cohort included 230 autistic AYA, who were mostly white (68%), mostly male (82%), with a mean age of 19.4 years at the time of their last pediatric visit before entering adult care. The majority (n = 149; 65%) had pediatric contact after the first adult visit. Younger age at the time of the first adult visit and more pediatric visits prior to the first adult visit were associated with continued pediatric contact. In this cohort of autistic AYA, most patients had contact with the pediatric system after their first adult primary care appointment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sirrianni
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | | | - Steve Rust
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Laura C Hart
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Jackson B, Booth R, Jackson KT. The Good, the Bad, and the Vision: Exploring the Mental Health Care Experiences of Transitional-Aged Youth Using the Photovoice Method. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1915-1931. [PMID: 36036205 DOI: 10.1177/10497323221121209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Transitional-aged youth (TAY) between the ages of 16 and 24 experience higher rates of mental distress than any other age group. It has long been recognized that stability, consistency, and continuity in mental health care delivery are of paramount importance; however, the disjointed progression from paediatric to adult psychiatric services leaves many TAY vulnerable to deleterious health outcomes. In Spring 2019, eight TAY living with mental health challenges participated in a Photovoice study designed to: (1) illuminate their individual transition experiences; and, (2) support a collective vision for optimal mental health care at this nexus. Participants took photographs that reflected three weekly topics-the good, the bad, and the vision-and engaged in a series of three corresponding photo-elicitation focus group sessions. Twenty-four images with accompanying titles and captions were sorted into nine participant-selected themes. Findings contribute to an enhanced awareness of psychiatric service delivery gaps experienced by TAY, and advocate for seamless and supportive transitions that more effectively meet the mental health care needs of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Jackson
- Yale School of Nursing, 5755Yale University, Orange, CT, USA
| | - Richard Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, 6221Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberley T Jackson
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, 6221Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Healthcare use in commercially insured youth with mental health disorders. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:952. [PMID: 35883138 PMCID: PMC9323879 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to describe age-related patterns of outpatient healthcare utilization in youth and young adults with mental health disorders. METHOD We used the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Database to identify 359,413 youth and young adults (12-27 years) with a mental health disorder continuously enrolled in private health insurance in 2018. Exploratory analysis was used to describe patterns of outpatient healthcare use (e.g., primary, reproductive, mental health care) and therapeutic management (e.g., medication prescriptions, psychotherapy) by age. Period prevalence and median number of visits are reported. Additional analysis explored utilization patterns by mental health disorder. RESULTS The prevalence of outpatient mental health care and primary care decreased with age, with a larger drop in primary care utilization. While 74.0-78.4% of those aged 12-17 years used both outpatient mental health care and primary care, 53.1-59.7% of those aged 18-27 years did. Most 18-19-year-olds had a visit with an internal medicine or family medicine specialist, a minority had a pediatrician visit. The prevalence of medication management increased with age, while the prevalence of psychotherapy decreased. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this descriptive study illustrates age-related differences in outpatient healthcare utilization among those with mental health disorders. Additionally, those with the most severe mental health disorders seem to be least connected to outpatient care. This knowledge can inform efforts to improve utilization of healthcare across the transition to adulthood.
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Alashkar F, Aramayo-Singelmann C, Böll J, Hoferer A, Jarisch A, Kamal H, Oevermann L, Schwarz M, Cario H. Transition in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): A German Consensus Recommendation. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071156. [PMID: 35887653 PMCID: PMC9325299 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is considered a rare disease in Germany. Due to the increasing prevalence, the acute and chronic morbidities associated with the disease and the sharp increase in the mortality rate of young adults, a need-based transition structure for patients with SCD in Germany is explicitly required. This is the first multicenter German consensus statement addressing the importance of implementing a standardized transition guideline that allows adolescents and young adults to safely transition from pediatric to adult care. Early identification of medical needs and intervention remains important in the context of chronic diseases. Effective measures can improve health care in general, as they lead to a reduction in disease and the consequential economic burden. It is noteworthy that improving structural barriers remains a key challenge even in highly developed countries such as Germany. Inclusion of these transition services for patients with SCD into the regular care of chronically ill adolescents and young adults should be ensured, as well as the coverage of costs associated with a structured transition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferras Alashkar
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmen Aramayo-Singelmann
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Janine Böll
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University Hospital of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Annette Hoferer
- Hematology/Oncology Department for Adolescent Medicine, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Andrea Jarisch
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Haytham Kamal
- Joint Practice for Hematology and Oncology, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Lena Oevermann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology & Hematology, Charité University Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Michaela Schwarz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Holger Cario
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine & Center for Rare Hematopoietic Disorders and Immunodeficiencies (ZSHI Ulm), Ulm University Medical Center, 89069 Ulm, Germany;
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Jackson B, Jackson KT, Booth R. "I Fell through the Cracks": Navigating the Disjointed Transition from Paediatric to Adult Psychiatric Services. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:507-515. [PMID: 35025711 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2021.2009604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a tumultuous time riddled with stress, confusion, and uncertainty. An abrupt shift in biobehavioural development between the ages of 16 and 24 corresponds with an increase in mental health challenges; thereby necessitating comprehensive and coordinated psychiatric services that bridge pediatric and adult care realms. Unfortunately, this transition is often unsupportive and disjointed, leaving many transitional-aged youth (TAY) overwhelmed and ill-equipped to cope with the increased demands of adulthood independently. Eight TAY with mental health challenges were invited to participate in a PhotoVoice study that explored the strengths and shortcomings of this transition process, through a combination of photography and photo-elicitation focus group discussions. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to analyze all participant dialogue. Four themes emerged from the data: accessibility, coordination, independence, and support. Participant insights illuminated critical gaps in mental health care delivery, but also revealed novel solutions and opportunities for transformational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Jackson
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, Connecticut, USA.,Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberley T Jackson
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Botelho A, Dias PNG, Tsuji AHS, Leite MTC. Transition of care in pediatric surgery. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2022; 19:eAO6314. [PMID: 35019037 PMCID: PMC8693885 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify among pediatric surgeons across Brazil how the transition of pediatric patients to adult clinics is carried out. Methods A questionnaire was emailed to pediatric surgeons registered with the Associação Brasileira de Cirurgia Pediátrica in 2018. The data assessed included training time, maximum age of care, subspecialty of practice, outpatient follow-up of adult patients, reason for continuing care of adult patients, referral to adult specialties, concern with transition of care, and what has been done to improve it. Results Most pediatric surgeons had more than 20 years of experience, and approximately 61% worked simultaneously at a public hospital, private hospital and private office. The maximum age of care at public, private hospitals and private offices proved to be quite varied. The follow-up of patients aged over 18 years at public hospitals, private hospitals and private clinics wase 32%, 23.58% and 20.75%, respectively. The main reason for patients aged over 18 years continued to be accompanied by pediatric surgeons was lack of knowledge about the disease by adult specialties. Most patients were referred to the adult specialty of the hospital, and roughly 37% of pediatric surgeons responded that they were in contact with the adult specialty. Most believed in autonomy of care of their patients and were concerned with transition of care. Conclusion Transition of care is a relevant issue that needs to be studied and debated to ensure an appropriate long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Botelho
- Escola Paulista Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pediatric Heart Transplantation: Transitioning to Adult Care (TRANSIT): Feasibility of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Card Fail 2019; 25:948-958. [PMID: 31276804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young-adult heart transplant recipients transferring to adult care are at risk for poor health outcomes. We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine the feasibility of and to test a transition intervention for young adults who underwent heart transplantation as children and then transferred to adult care. METHODS Participants were randomized to the transition intervention (4 months long, focused on heart-transplant knowledge, self-care, self-advocacy, and social support) or usual care. Self-report questionnaires and medical records data were collected at baseline and 3 and 6 months after the initial adult clinic visit. Longitudinal analyses comparing outcomes over time were performed using generalized estimating equations and linear mixed models. RESULTS Transfer to adult care was successful and feasible (ie, excellent participation rates). The average patient standard deviation of mean tacrolimus levels was similar over time in both study arms and < 2.5, indicating adequate adherence. There were no between-group or within-group differences in percentage of tacrolimus bioassays within target range (> 50%). Average overall adherence to treatment was similarly good in both groups. Rates of appointment keeping through 6 months after transfer declined over time in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The feasibility of the study was demonstrated. Our transition intervention did not improve outcomes.
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Joshi P, Lemke M, Tuchman LK. Characterizing the unmet mental health needs of urban adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2019; 33:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0258/ijamh-2018-0258.xml. [PMID: 30796845 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Untreated mental illness among adolescents is a serious public health concern. This study offers a classification tool for mental illness based on severity and identifies a starting point for needed interventions. METHODS We assessed the prevalence and severity of serious emotional disturbances (SED)/serious mental illnesses (SMI) among transition-aged adolescents in an urban primary care practice and identified those with unmet needs. Medical records were abstracted for 16-22 year-old patients with at least one International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 diagnosis of serious emotional disturbances (SED)/serious mental illnesses (SMI) seen between May 1, 2014 and July 31, 2015. The primary outcome was whether 16-22 year-old patients with serious emotional disturbances (SED)/serious mental illnesses (SMI) diagnoses were connected to mental health care and associated factors including severity of mental illness, provider referral and psychotropic medication use. RESULTS We identified 546 patients with a mean age of 18.8 years [standard deviation (SD) ± 1.7]. Ninety percent were African American and 86% were publicly insured. Based on the illness severity criteria, 189 (35%) were categorized as "mild", 293 (54%) as "moderate" and 64 (12%) as "severe". The majority (n = 460, 84.3%) had a mental health referral, but only 219 (40%) were connected to care. Adolescents aged 18-22 had 48% fewer odds to be connected to care compared to those aged 16-17 (odds ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.80; p-value = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS There is a gap in mental health services among a sample of minority adolescents in an urban environment with mental health needs. The gap is especially prevalent among older adolescents aging out of the pediatric system. Primary care providers (PCPs) are central to ensuring access to treatment, though they may be unable to meet the needs of patients with severe forms of serious emotional disturbances (SED)/serious mental illnesses (SMI). Our study characterizes the mental health needs of minority adolescents by severity and offers direction for identifying those who would most benefit from additional resources and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Joshi
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Monika Lemke
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.,Children's National Medical Center, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, 111 Michigan Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20010, United States of America
| | - Lisa K Tuchman
- Children's National Medical Center, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States of America
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Pratsidou-Gertsi P. Transition of pediatric patients with an Auto-inflammatory Disease: an alternative version of the Daedaulus and Icarus myth. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2018; 29:156-162. [PMID: 32185317 PMCID: PMC7046050 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.29.3.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the pediatric Auto-inflammatory Diseases (AIDs) has led to improved long-term outcome and the increased pool of pediatric patients who require lifelong monitoring. Implementation of a successful stepwise transition in patients with AIDs denotes the presence of a structured flexible and individualized policy that ensues the stepwise move from family-based pediatric care to adult patient one. This process aims to equip the young adult with self-management skills and the ability to enjoy life even under the burden of a chronic disease. Transition, thus, is a continuously evolutionary process that assists adolescents and young adults with an AID to move into a future that their predecessors with similar diseases never needed to experience. This review, using the myth of Daedalus and Icarus as a scaffold, presents the contemporary profile of the adolescent patient, comments on the evidence derived from Transition recommendations, and emphasizes the need of periodic quantitative assessments to assess the efficacy of the Transition plan. Upon the completion of the transfer to the Adult Center, monitoring of the patient’s active participation will support his/her engagement in the new setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Pratsidou-Gertsi
- Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Referral Center, First Dept. of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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