1
|
Yang YH, Wei YL, She ZY. Kinesin-7 CENP-E in tumorigenesis: Chromosome instability, spindle assembly checkpoint, and applications. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1366113. [PMID: 38560520 PMCID: PMC10978661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1366113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin motors are a large family of molecular motors that walk along microtubules to fulfill many roles in intracellular transport, microtubule organization, and chromosome alignment. Kinesin-7 CENP-E (Centromere protein E) is a chromosome scaffold-associated protein that is located in the corona layer of centromeres, which participates in kinetochore-microtubule attachment, chromosome alignment, and spindle assembly checkpoint. Over the past 3 decades, CENP-E has attracted great interest as a promising new mitotic target for cancer therapy and drug development. In this review, we describe expression patterns of CENP-E in multiple tumors and highlight the functions of CENP-E in cancer cell proliferation. We summarize recent advances in structural domains, roles, and functions of CENP-E in cell division. Notably, we describe the dual functions of CENP-E in inhibiting and promoting tumorigenesis. We summarize the mechanisms by which CENP-E affects tumorigenesis through chromosome instability and spindle assembly checkpoints. Finally, we overview and summarize the CENP-E-specific inhibitors, mechanisms of drug resistances and their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kulkarni S, Kaur K, Jaitak V. Recent Developments in Oxazole Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: Review on Synthetic Strategies, Mechanism of Action and SAR studies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1859-1882. [PMID: 34525925 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210915095421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the world's third deadliest disease. Despite the availability of numerous treatments, researchers are focusing on the development of new drugs lacking resistance and toxicity issues. Many newly synthesized drugs fail to reach clinical trials due to poor pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, there is an imperative requisite to expand novel anticancer agents with in vivo efficacy. OBJECTIVE This review emphasizes synthetic methods, contemporary strategies used for the inclusion of oxazole moiety, mechanistic targets along with comprehensive structure-activity relationship studies to provide perspective into the rational design of highly efficient oxazole-based anticancer drugs. METHODS Literature related to oxazole derivatives engaged in cancer research is reviewed. This article gives a detailed account of synthetic strategies, targets of oxazole in cancer, including STAT3, Microtubules, G-quadruplex, DNA topoisomerases, DNA damage, Protein kinases, miscellaneous targets, in vitro studies, and some SAR studies. RESULTS Oxazole derivatives possess potent anticancer activity by inhibiting novel targets such as STAT3 and G-quadruplex. Oxazoles also inhibit tubulin protein to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Some other targets such as DNA topoisomerase enzyme, protein kinases, and miscellaneous targets including Cdc25, mitochondrial enzymes, HDAC, LSD1, HPV E2 TAD, NQO1, Aromatase, BCl-6, Estrogen receptor, GRP-78, and Keap-Nrf2 pathway are inhibited by oxazole derivatives Many derivatives showed excellent potencies on various cancer cell lines with IC50 values in nanomolar concentrations. CONCLUSION Oxazole is a five-membered heterocycle, with oxygen and nitrogen at 1 and 3 positions respectively. It is often combined with other pharmacophores in the expansion of novel anticancer drugs. In summary, oxazole is a promising entity to develop new anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151 401. India
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151 401. India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151 401. India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Albahde MAH, Abdrakhimov B, Li GQ, Zhou X, Zhou D, Xu H, Qian H, Wang W. The Role of Microtubules in Pancreatic Cancer: Therapeutic Progress. Front Oncol 2021; 11:640863. [PMID: 34094924 PMCID: PMC8176010 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.640863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has an extremely low prognosis, which is attributable to its high aggressiveness, invasiveness, late diagnosis, and lack of effective therapies. Among all the drugs joining the fight against this type of cancer, microtubule-targeting agents are considered to be the most promising. They inhibit cancer cells although through different mechanisms such as blocking cell division, apoptosis induction, etc. Hereby, we review the functions of microtubule cytoskeletal proteins in tumor cells and comprehensively examine the effects of microtubule-targeting agents on pancreatic carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mugahed Abdullah Hasan Albahde
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Innovation Center of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bulat Abdrakhimov
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Qi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongkai Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huixiao Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Innovation Center of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Würtemberger J, Tchessalova D, Regina C, Bauer C, Schneider M, Wagers AJ, Hettmer S. Growth inhibition associated with disruption of the actin cytoskeleton by Latrunculin A in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238572. [PMID: 32898143 PMCID: PMC7478754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional genomic screening of KRAS-driven mouse sarcomas was previously employed to identify proliferation-relevant genes. Genes identified included Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (Ube2c), Centromere Protein E (Cenpe), Hyaluronan Synthase 2 (Has2), and CAMP Responsive Element Binding Protein 3 Like 2 (Creb3l2). This study examines the expression and chemical inhibition of these candidate genes, identifying variable levels of protein expression and significant contributions to rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cell proliferation. Chemical treatment of human and murine RMS cell lines with bortezomib, UA62784, latrunculin A and sorafenib inhibited growth with approximate EC50 concentrations of 15-30nM for bortezomib, 25-80nM for UA62784 and 80-220nM for latrunculin A. The multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib increased in vitro proliferation of 4 of 6 sarcoma cell lines tested. Latrunculin A was further associated with disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Together, this work advances opportunities for developing therapies to block progression of soft-tissue sarcomas and demonstrates that disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in sarcoma cells by latrunculin A is associated with a reduction in RMS cell growth. (167 words).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Würtemberger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daria Tchessalova
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carla Regina
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bauer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schneider
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amy J. Wagers
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Simone Hettmer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
El-Arabey AA, Salama SA, Abd-Allah AR. CENP-E as a target for cancer therapy: Where are we now? Life Sci 2018; 208:192-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
6
|
Pellerano M, Tcherniuk S, Perals C, Ngoc Van TN, Garcin E, Mahuteau-Betzer F, Teulade-Fichou MP, Morris MC. Targeting Conformational Activation of CDK2 Kinase. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28430399 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases constitute attractive pharmacological targets for cancer therapeutics, yet inhibitors in clinical trials target the ATP-binding pocket of the CDK and therefore suffer from limited selectivity and emergence of resistance. The more recent development of allosteric inhibitors targeting conformational plasticity of protein kinases offers promising perspectives for therapeutics. In particular tampering with T-loop dynamics of CDK2 kinase would provide a selective means of inhibiting this kinase, by preventing its conformational activation. To this aim we engineered a fluorescent biosensor that specifically reports on conformational changes of CDK2 activation loop and is insensitive to ATP or ATP-competitive inhibitors, which constitutes a highly sensitive probe for identification of selective T-loop modulators. This biosensor was successfully applied to screen a library of small chemical compounds leading to discovery of a family of quinacridine analogs, which potently inhibit cancer cell proliferation, and promote accumulation of cells in S phase and G2. These compounds bind CDK2/ Cyclin A, inhibit its kinase activity, compete with substrate binding, but not with ATP, and dock onto the T-loop of CDK2. The best compound also binds CDK4 and CDK4/Cyclin D1, but not CDK1. The strategy we describe opens new doors for the discovery of a new class of allosteric CDK inhibitors for cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Pellerano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Sergey Tcherniuk
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Corine Perals
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, CHU Purpan, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Thi Nhu Ngoc Van
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Garcin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, USA
| | | | | | - May C Morris
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mechanisms of Chromosome Congression during Mitosis. BIOLOGY 2017; 6:biology6010013. [PMID: 28218637 PMCID: PMC5372006 DOI: 10.3390/biology6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome congression during prometaphase culminates with the establishment of a metaphase plate, a hallmark of mitosis in metazoans. Classical views resulting from more than 100 years of research on this topic have attempted to explain chromosome congression based on the balance between opposing pulling and/or pushing forces that reach an equilibrium near the spindle equator. However, in mammalian cells, chromosome bi-orientation and force balance at kinetochores are not required for chromosome congression, whereas the mechanisms of chromosome congression are not necessarily involved in the maintenance of chromosome alignment after congression. Thus, chromosome congression and maintenance of alignment are determined by different principles. Moreover, it is now clear that not all chromosomes use the same mechanism for congressing to the spindle equator. Those chromosomes that are favorably positioned between both poles when the nuclear envelope breaks down use the so-called "direct congression" pathway in which chromosomes align after bi-orientation and the establishment of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments. This favors the balanced action of kinetochore pulling forces and polar ejection forces along chromosome arms that drive chromosome oscillatory movements during and after congression. The other pathway, which we call "peripheral congression", is independent of end-on kinetochore microtubule-attachments and relies on the dominant and coordinated action of the kinetochore motors Dynein and Centromere Protein E (CENP-E) that mediate the lateral transport of peripheral chromosomes along microtubules, first towards the poles and subsequently towards the equator. How the opposite polarities of kinetochore motors are regulated in space and time to drive congression of peripheral chromosomes only now starts to be understood. This appears to be regulated by position-dependent phosphorylation of both Dynein and CENP-E and by spindle microtubule diversity by means of tubulin post-translational modifications. This so-called "tubulin code" might work as a navigation system that selectively guides kinetochore motors with opposite polarities along specific spindle microtubule populations, ultimately leading to the congression of peripheral chromosomes. We propose an integrated model of chromosome congression in mammalian cells that depends essentially on the following parameters: (1) chromosome position relative to the spindle poles after nuclear envelope breakdown; (2) establishment of stable end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments and bi-orientation; (3) coordination between kinetochore- and arm-associated motors; and (4) spatial signatures associated with post-translational modifications of specific spindle microtubule populations. The physiological consequences of abnormal chromosome congression, as well as the therapeutic potential of inhibiting chromosome congression are also discussed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Fu Y, Sanchez-Cano C, Soni R, Romero-Canelon I, Hearn JM, Liu Z, Wills M, Sadler PJ. The contrasting catalytic efficiency and cancer cell antiproliferative activity of stereoselective organoruthenium transfer hydrogenation catalysts. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8367-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01242f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly growing area of catalytic ruthenium chemistry has provided new complexes with potential as organometallic anticancer agents with novel mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | - Rina Soni
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | | | | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | - Martin Wills
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Labrière C, Talapatra SK, Thoret S, Bougeret C, Kozielski F, Guillou C. New MKLP-2 inhibitors in the paprotrain series: Design, synthesis and biological evaluations. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:721-34. [PMID: 26778612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Members of the kinesin superfamily are involved in key functions during intracellular transport and cell division. Their involvement in cell division makes certain kinesins potential targets for drug development in cancer chemotherapy. The two most advanced kinesin targets are Eg5 and CENP-E with inhibitors in clinical trials. Other mitotic kinesins are also being investigated for their potential as prospective drug targets. One recently identified novel potential cancer therapeutic target is the Mitotic kinesin-like protein 2 (MKLP-2), a member of the kinesin-6 family, which plays an essential role during cytokinesis. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of MKLP-2 leads to binucleated cells due to failure of cytokinesis. We have previously identified compound 1 (paprotrain) as the first selective inhibitor of MKLP-2. Herein we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of new analogs of 1. Our structure-activity relationship (SAR) study reveals the key chemical elements in the paprotrain family necessary for MKLP-2 inhibition. We have successfully identified one MKLP-2 inhibitor 9a that is more potent than paprotrain. In addition, in vitro analysis of a panel of kinesins revealed that this compound is selective for MKLP-2 compared to other kinesins tested and also does not have an effect on microtubule dynamics. Upon testing in different cancer cell lines, we find that the more potent paprotrain analog is also more active than paprotrain in 10 different cancer cell lines. Increased selectivity and higher potency is therefore a step forward toward establishing MKLP-2 as a potential cancer drug target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Labrière
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sandeep K Talapatra
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Sylviane Thoret
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Frank Kozielski
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Catherine Guillou
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pgp efflux pump decreases the cytostatic effect of CENP-E inhibitor GSK923295. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:97-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Kung PP, Martinez R, Zhu Z, Zager M, Blasina A, Rymer I, Hallin J, Xu M, Carroll C, Chionis J, Wells P, Kozminski K, Fan J, Guicherit O, Huang B, Cui M, Liu C, Huang Z, Sistla A, Yang J, Murray BW. Chemogenetic evaluation of the mitotic kinesin CENP-E reveals a critical role in triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2104-15. [PMID: 24928852 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0083-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer patients with tumors lacking the three diagnostic markers (ER, PR, and HER2) are classified as triple-negative (primarily basal-like) and have poor prognosis because there is no disease-specific therapy available. To address this unmet medical need, gene expression analyses using more than a thousand breast cancer samples were conducted, which identified elevated centromere protein E (CENP-E) expression in the basal-a molecular subtype relative to other subtypes. CENP-E, a mitotic kinesin component of the spindle assembly checkpoint, is shown to be induced in basal-a tumor cell lines by the mitotic spindle inhibitor drug docetaxel. CENP-E knockdown by inducible shRNA reduces basal-a breast cancer cell viability. A potent, selective CENP-E inhibitor (PF-2771) was used to define the contribution of CENP-E motor function to basal-like breast cancer. Mechanistic evaluation of PF-2771 in basal-a tumor cells links CENP-E-dependent molecular events (e.g., phosphorylation of histone H3 Ser-10; phospho-HH3-Ser10) to functional outcomes (e.g., chromosomal congression defects). Across a diverse panel of breast cell lines, CENP-E inhibition by PF-2771 selectively inhibits proliferation of basal breast cancer cell lines relative to premalignant ones and its response correlates with the degree of chromosomal instability. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic efficacy analysis in a basal-a xenograft tumor model shows that PF-2771 exposure is well correlated with increased phospho-HH3-Ser10 levels and tumor growth regression. Complete tumor regression is observed in a patient-derived, basal-a breast cancer xenograft tumor model treated with PF-2771. Tumor regression is also observed with PF-2771 in a taxane-resistant basal-a model. Taken together, CENP-E may be an effective therapeutic target for patients with triple-negative/basal-a breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anand Sistla
- Pharmaceuticals Science, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, San Diego, California
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Laraia L, Stokes J, Emery A, McKenzie G, Venkitaraman AR, Spring DR. High content screening of diverse compound libraries identifies potent modulators of tubulin dynamics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:598-603. [PMID: 24900887 PMCID: PMC4027768 DOI: 10.1021/ml5000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulin modulating agents such as the taxanes are among the most effective antimitotic cancer drugs, although resistance and toxicity present significant problems in their clinical use. However, most tubulin modulators are derived from complex natural products, which can make modification of their structure to address these problems difficult. Here, we report the discovery of new antimitotic compounds with simple structures that can be rapidly synthesized, through the phenotypic screening of a diverse compound library for the induction of mitotic arrest. We first identified a compound, which induced mitotic arrest in human cells at submicromolar concentrations. Its simple structure enabled rapid exploration of activity, defining a biphenylacetamide moiety required for activity, A family of analogues was synthesized, yielding optimized compounds that caused mitotic arrest and cell death in the low nanomolar range, comparable to clinically used antimitotic agents. These compounds can be synthesized in 1-3 steps and good yields. We show that one such compound targets tubulin, partially inhibiting colchicine but not vinblastine binding, suggesting that it acts allosterically to the known colchicine-binding site. Thus, our results exemplify the use of phenotypic screening to identify novel antimitotic compounds from diverse chemical libraries and characterize a family of biphenylacetamides (biphenabulins) that show promise for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Laraia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.,MRC
Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K.
| | - Jamie Stokes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.,MRC
Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K.
| | - Amy Emery
- MRC
Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K.
| | - Grahame
J. McKenzie
- MRC
Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K.
| | - Ashok R. Venkitaraman
- MRC
Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, U.K.,(A.R.V.) E-mail:
| | - David R. Spring
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.,(D.R.S.) E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
O'Connell K, Li J, Engler F, Hennessy K, O'Neill F, Straubinger RM, Qu J, O'Connor R. Determination of the Proteomic Response to Lapatinib Treatment using a comprehensive and reproducible ion-current-based proteomics strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 1:27-42. [PMID: 29046878 DOI: 10.14302/issn.2326-0793.jpgr-13-257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lapatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor is currently used in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. The aim of this study was to further understanding of lapatinib response for the development of novel treatment lapatinib-focussed treatment strategies. HER2-overexpressing SKBR3 breast cancer cells were treated with lapatinib for 12 hours and the resultant proteome analyzed by a comprehensive ion-current-based LC-MS strategy. Among the 1224 unique protein identified from SKBR3 cell lysates, 67 showed a significant change in protein abundance in response to lapatinib. Of these, CENPE a centromeric protein with increased abundance, was chosen for further validation. Knockdown and inhibition of CENPE demonstrated that CENPE enhances SKBR3 cell survival in the presence of lapatinib. Based on this study, CENPE inhibitors may warrant further investigation for use in combination with lapatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen O'Connell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY
| | - Frank Engler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kim Hennessy
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, DCU, Glasnevin, Dublin 9
| | - Fiona O'Neill
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, DCU, Glasnevin, Dublin 9
| | | | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY
| | - Robert O'Connor
- Molecular Therapeutics for Cancer Ireland, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, DCU, Glasnevin, Dublin 9.,School of Nursing and Human Sciences, DCU, Glasnevin, Dublin 9
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Herman B, Gudrun A, Potopalsky AI, Chroboczek J, Tcherniuk SO. Amitozyn impairs chromosome segregation and induces apoptosis via mitotic checkpoint activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57461. [PMID: 23505430 PMCID: PMC3591406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amitozyn (Am) is a semi-synthetic drug produced by the alkylation of major celandine (Chelidonium majus L.) alkaloids with the organophosphorous compound N,N'N'-triethylenethiophosphoramide (ThioTEPA). We show here that the treatment of living cells with Am reversibly perturbs the microtubule cytoskeleton, provoking a dose-dependent cell arrest in the M phase. Am changed the dynamics of tubulin polymerization in vitro, promoted the appearance of aberrant mitotic phenotypes in HeLa cells and induced apoptosis by the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP, without inducing DNA breaks. Am treatment of HeLa cells induced changes in the phosphorylation of the growth suppressor pRb that coincided with maximum mitotic index. The dose-dependent and reversible anti-proliferative effect of Am was observed in several transformed cell lines. Importantly, the drug was also efficient against multidrug-resistant, paclitaxel-resistant or p53-deficient cells. Our results thus open the way to further pre-clinical evaluation of Am.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Herman
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble, France
| | - Aldrian Gudrun
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Anatoly I. Potopalsky
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NAN Ukraine), Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Jadwiga Chroboczek
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble, France
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Warsaw, Poland
- Thérapeutique Recombinante Expérimentale/Techniques de l’Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité/Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble (Therex/TIMC/IMAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Domaine de la Merci, La Tronche, France
| | - Sergey O. Tcherniuk
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grenoble, France
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, Academy of Young Scientists of Ukraine (AYSU), Kiev, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu Y, Chen J, Xiao M, Li W, Miller DD. An overview of tubulin inhibitors that interact with the colchicine binding site. Pharm Res 2012; 29:2943-71. [PMID: 22814904 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tubulin dynamics is a promising target for new chemotherapeutic agents. The colchicine binding site is one of the most important pockets for potential tubulin polymerization destabilizers. Colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSI) exert their biological effects by inhibiting tubulin assembly and suppressing microtubule formation. A large number of molecules interacting with the colchicine binding site have been designed and synthesized with significant structural diversity. CBSIs have been modified as to chemical structure as well as pharmacokinetic properties, and tested in order to find a highly potent, low toxicity agent for treatment of cancers. CBSIs are believed to act by a common mechanism via binding to the colchicine site on tubulin. The present review is a synopsis of compounds that have been reported in the past decade that have provided an increase in our understanding of the actions of CBSIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, University of Tennessee, 847 Monroe Ave, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Good JAD, Skoufias DA, Kozielski F. Elucidating the functionality of kinesins: an overview of small molecule inhibitors. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011; 22:935-45. [PMID: 22001111 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin motor proteins are ubiquitously involved in multiple fundamental cellular processes, coordinating transport and mediating changes to cellular architecture. Thus, specific small molecule kinesin inhibitors can shed new light on the functions of kinesins and the dynamic roles in which they participate. Here we review the range of known inhibitors, their key characteristics, and specificity, and discuss their potential suitability for chemical genetics as starting points to further investigate complex kinesin-mediated processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A D Good
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Calligaris D, Lafitte D. Chemical inhibitors: the challenge of finding the right target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:555-7. [PMID: 21609834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A paper in this issue of Chemistry & Biology shows that the diaryl oxazole compound UA62784 that targets pancreatic cancer cells interacts with tubulin near the colchicine binding site (Tcherniuk et al., 2011). These findings differ from previous observations, highlighting the challenges of identifying the biological target for chemical inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Calligaris
- INSERM UMR 911, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et en Oncopharmacologie, Marseille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Motor-Dependent and -Independent Roles of CENP-E at Kinetochores: The Cautionary Tale of UA62784. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 18:679-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|