1
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Li Y, Xu Z, Chen P, Zuo C, Chen L, Yan W, Jiao R, Ye Y. Genome Mining and Heterologous Expression Guided the Discovery of Antimicrobial Naphthocyclinones from Streptomyces eurocidicus CGMCC 4.1086. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2914-2923. [PMID: 36731876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A type II polyketide synthase biosynthetic gene cluster (nap) was identified in Streptomyces eurocidicus CGMCC 4.1086 via genome mining. The heterologous expression of the cryptic nap gene cluster in Streptomyces albus J1074 generated dimerized aromatic polyketide naphthocyclinones (1-3), whose structures were determined via extensive analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. The biological pathway of naphthocyclinone synthesis was revealed via in vivo gene deletion, in vitro biochemical reactions, and comparative genomics. Remarkably, 3 played a crucial role in inhibiting Phytophthora capsici and Phytophthora sojae, with EC50 values of 6.1 and 20.2 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, 3 exhibited a potent protective effect against P. capsici and P. sojae in greenhouse tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zuo
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Liyifan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yan
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonghao Ye
- College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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2
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Zheng S, Zhao H, Yuan Z, Si X, Li Z, Song J, Zhu Y, Wu H. The Analysis of the Glycosyltransferase Gene Function From a Novel Granaticin Producer, Streptomyces Vilmorinianum. YP1. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:103. [PMID: 36781498 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is common among the synthesis of natural product and imparts the bioactivity for natural product. As for granaticin, a natural product with great bioactivity, glycosylation is an unusual sugar attachment and remains enigmatic. Orf14 in the gra cluster is the predicted glycosyltransferase but without being identified. Recently, we isolated and identified a novel granaticin producer Streptomyces vilmorinianum YP1. Orf14 gene in gra cluster of YP1 is knocked out and complemented. The instrumental analysis of the blue product synthesized by orf14-deficient mutant exhibits the none-granaticin detection and deglycosylated intermediates accumulation. The bioactivity and stability test suggests the weaker or none antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of this blue product with greater ultraviolet stability and thermostability than granaticin and derivatives produced by YP1. All the result indicates that orf14 encodes glycosyltransferase and glycosylation played an important role in the bioactivity of granaticin. Meanwhile, the blue pigment, deglycosylated intermediates, has favorable processing characteristics. Our finding supplies the function of orf14 and glycosylation, but also indicates a promising candidate of edible blue pigment applicated in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Zheng
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zuoyun Yuan
- Department of Science Technology and Innovation, Future Science and Technology Park South, COFCO Nutrition and Health Research Institute, BeiQiJia, ChangPing, BeiJing, 102209, China
| | - Xuechen Si
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zongxian Li
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jingyi Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, No.33, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yunping Zhu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 33, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Hua Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, No.33, Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing, 100048, China
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3
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Hashimoto M, Watari S, Taguchi T, Ishikawa K, Kumamoto T, Okamoto S, Ichinose K. Actinorhodin Biosynthesis Terminates with an Unprecedented Biaryl Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214400. [PMID: 36460615 PMCID: PMC10108166 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A plethora of dimeric natural products exist with diverse chemical structures and biological activities. A major strategy for dimerization is aryl coupling catalyzed by cytochrome P450 or laccase. Actinorhodin (ACT) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has a dimeric pyranonaphthoquinone structure connected by a C-C bond. In this study, we identified an NmrA-family dimerizing enzyme, ActVA-ORF4, and a cofactor-independent oxidase, ActVA-ORF3, both involved in the last step of ACT biosynthesis. ActVA-ORF4 is a unique NAD(P)H-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the intermolecular C-C bond formation using 8-hydroxydihydrokalafungin (DHK-OH) as the sole substrate. On the other hand, ActVA-ORF3 was found to be a quinone-forming enzyme that produces the coupling substrate, DHK-OH and the final product, ACT. Consequently, the functional assignment of all essential enzymes in the biosynthesis of ACT, one of the best-known model natural products, has been completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Watari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Takaaki Taguchi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.,National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ishikawa
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Takuya Kumamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Susumu Okamoto
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
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4
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Baral B, Matroodi S, Siitonen V, Thapa K, Akhgari A, Yamada K, Nuutila A, Metsä-Ketelä M. Co-factor independent oxidases ncnN and actVA-3 are involved in the dimerization of benzoisochromanequinone antibiotics in naphthocyclinone and actinorhodin biosynthesis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad123. [PMID: 37989784 PMCID: PMC10697411 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces produce complex bioactive secondary metabolites with remarkable chemical diversity. Benzoisochromanequinone polyketides actinorhodin and naphthocyclinone are formed through dimerization of half-molecules via single or double carbon-carbon bonds, respectively. Here we sequenced the genome of S. arenae DSM40737 to identify the naphthocyclinone gene cluster and established heterologous production in S. albus J1074 by utilizing direct cluster capture techniques. Comparative sequence analysis uncovered ncnN and ncnM gene products as putative enzymes responsible for dimerization. Inactivation of ncnN that is homologous to atypical co-factor independent oxidases resulted in the accumulation of fogacin, which is likely a reduced shunt product of the true substrate for naphthocyclinone dimerization. In agreement, inactivation of the homologous actVA-3 in S. coelicolor M145 also led to significantly reduced production of actinorhodin. Previous work has identified the NAD(P)H-dependent reductase ActVA-4 as the key enzyme in actinorhodin dimerization, but surprisingly inactivation of the homologous ncnM did not abolish naphthocyclinone formation and the mutation may have been complemented by an endogenous gene product. Our data suggests that dimerization of benzoisochromanequinone polyketides require two-component reductase-oxidase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Baral
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Soheila Matroodi
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Oceanography, University of Marine Science and Technology, 64199-34619 Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Vilja Siitonen
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Keshav Thapa
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Amir Akhgari
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Keith Yamada
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Aleksi Nuutila
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Metsä-Ketelä
- Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
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5
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Chimeric natural products derived from medermycin and the nature-inspired construction of their polycyclic skeletons. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5169. [PMID: 36056035 PMCID: PMC9440243 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Medermycin, produced by Streptomyces species, represents a family of antibiotics with significant activity against Gram-positive pathogens. The biosynthesis of this family of natural products has been studied, and new skeletons related to medermycin have rarely been reported until recently. Herein, we report eight chimeric medermycin-type natural products with unusual polycyclic skeletons. The formation of these compounds features some key nonenzymatic steps, which inspired us to construct complex polycyclic skeletons via three efficient one-step reactions under mild conditions. This strategy was further developed to efficiently synthesize analogues for biological activity studies. The synthetic compounds, chimedermycins L and M, and sekgranaticin B, show potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. This work paves the way for understanding the nonenzymatic formation of complex natural products and using it to synthesize natural product derivatives. Nonenzymatic reactions play an important part in the formation of some natural products possessing complex skeletons. Here, the authors report the discovery of eight chimeric medermycin-type natural products and their nonenzymatic construction.
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6
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Deng MR, Li Y, Luo X, Zheng XL, Chen Y, Zhang YL, Zhang W, Zhou H, Zhu H. Discovery of Mycothiogranaticins from Streptomyces vietnamensis GIMV4.0001 and the Regulatory Effect of Mycothiol on the Granaticin Biosynthesis. Front Chem 2021; 9:802279. [PMID: 35004619 PMCID: PMC8733708 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.802279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Granaticins are benzoisochromanequinone polyketides with remarkable antibacterial and anticancer activities. Three sulfur-containing granaticin congeners, mycothiogranaticins A (1), B (2) and granaticin MA (3) were discovered from a granaticin-producing strain of Streptomyces vietnamensis GIMV4.0001. Two of them were structurally determined with mycothiol or N-acetylcysteine moieties and found to be bio-actively reluctant. Disruption of the mshA gene (SVTN_RS20640) that encodes the D-inositol-3-phosphate glycosyltransferase crucial for mycothiol biosynthesis, fully abolished the production of mycothiogranaticins. The result substantiated that the newly discovered mycothiogranaticins are consequences of the combination of the granaticin and mycothiol biosynthetic pathways. The overall granaticin production of the ΔmshA mutant strain was unexpectedly decreased by at least more than 50%, while similar production level of granaticins to that of the wild type strain was observed in an mycothiol-S transferase gene (SVTN_RS22215) disruptant Δmst. These results indicated that the mycothiol deficiency was responsible for the decreased production of granaticins. Mycothiol may positively regulate the biosynthesis of granaticin possibly by maintaining the cellular redox balance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that mycothiol can not only be a direct building block of polyketides but also play a regulatory role in the polyketide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yu-Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application — Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Beck C, Gren T, Ortiz-López FJ, Jørgensen TS, Carretero-Molina D, Martín Serrano J, Tormo JR, Oves-Costales D, Kontou EE, Mohite OS, Mingyar E, Stegmann E, Genilloud O, Weber T. Activation and Identification of a Griseusin Cluster in Streptomyces sp. CA-256286 by Employing Transcriptional Regulators and Multi-Omics Methods. Molecules 2021; 26:6580. [PMID: 34770989 PMCID: PMC8588249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces are well-known producers of a range of different secondary metabolites, including antibiotics and other bioactive compounds. Recently, it has been demonstrated that "silent" biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) can be activated by heterologously expressing transcriptional regulators from other BGCs. Here, we have activated a silent BGC in Streptomyces sp. CA-256286 by overexpression of a set of SARP family transcriptional regulators. The structure of the produced compound was elucidated by NMR and found to be an N-acetyl cysteine adduct of the pyranonaphtoquinone polyketide 3'-O-α-d-forosaminyl-(+)-griseusin A. Employing a combination of multi-omics and metabolic engineering techniques, we identified the responsible BGC. These methods include genome mining, proteomics and transcriptomics analyses, in combination with CRISPR induced gene inactivations and expression of the BGC in a heterologous host strain. This work demonstrates an easy-to-implement workflow of how silent BGCs can be activated, followed by the identification and characterization of the produced compound, the responsible BGC, and hints of its biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Beck
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Tetiana Gren
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Francisco Javier Ortiz-López
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - Tue Sparholt Jørgensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Daniel Carretero-Molina
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - Jesús Martín Serrano
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - José R. Tormo
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - Daniel Oves-Costales
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - Eftychia E. Kontou
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Omkar S. Mohite
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
| | - Erik Mingyar
- Department of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (E.M.); (E.S.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Evi Stegmann
- Department of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (E.M.); (E.S.)
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olga Genilloud
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain; (F.J.O.-L.); (D.C.-M.); (J.M.S.); (J.R.T.); (D.O.-C.)
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; (C.B.); (T.G.); (T.S.J.); (E.E.K.); (O.S.M.)
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8
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Sharma V, Kaur R, Salwan R. Streptomyces: host for refactoring of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:340. [PMID: 34221811 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial secondary metabolites are intensively explored due to their demands in pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries. Streptomyces are one of the largest sources of secondary metabolites having diverse applications. In particular, the abundance of secondary metabolites encoding biosynthetic gene clusters and presence of wobble position in Streptomyces strains make it potential candidate as a native or heterologous host for secondary metabolite production including several cryptic gene clusters expression. Here, we have discussed the developments in Streptomyces strains genome mining, its exploration as a suitable host and application of synthetic biology for refactoring genetic systems for developing chassis for enhanced as well as novel secondary metabolites with reduced genome and cleaned background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sharma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Randhir Kaur
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413 India
| | - Richa Salwan
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 177001 India
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9
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Cai X, Taguchi T, Wang H, Yuki M, Tanaka M, Gong K, Xu J, Zhao Y, Ichinose K, Li A. Identification of a C-Glycosyltransferase Involved in Medermycin Biosynthesis. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1059-1069. [PMID: 34080843 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
C-Glycosylation in the biosynthesis of bioactive natural products is quite unique, which has not been studied well. Medermycin, as an antitumor agent in the family of pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotics, is featured with unique C-glycosylation. Here, a new C-glycosyltransferase (C-GT) Med-8 was identified to be essential for the biosynthesis of medermycin, as the first example of C-GT to recognize a rare deoxyaminosugar (angolosamine). med-8 and six genes (med-14, -15, -16, -17, -18, and -20 located in the medermycin biosynthetic gene cluster) predicted for the biosynthesis of angolosamine were proved to be functional and sufficient for C-glycosylation. A C-glycosylation cassette composed of these seven genes could convert a proposed substrate into a C-glycosylated product. In conclusion, these genes involved in the C-glycosylation of medermycin were functionally identified and biosynthetically engineered, and they provided the possibility of producing new C-glycosylated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Cai
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Takaaki Taguchi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Huili Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Megumi Yuki
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Megumi Tanaka
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Kai Gong
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinghua Xu
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Aiying Li
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- The College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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10
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Ando Y, Fukazawa T, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Model Study toward Total Synthesis of Dimeric Pyranonaphthoquinones: Synthesis of Hemi-Actinorhodin. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Takumi Fukazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Ken Ohmori
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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11
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Liu J, Liu A, Hu Y. Enzymatic dimerization in the biosynthetic pathway of microbial natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1469-1505. [PMID: 33404031 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to August 2020The dramatic increase in the identification of dimeric natural products generated by microorganisms and plants has played a significant role in drug discovery. The biosynthetic pathways of these products feature inherent dimerization reactions, which are valuable for biosynthetic applications and chemical transformations. The extraordinary mechanisms of the dimerization of secondary metabolites should advance our understanding of the uncommon chemical rules for natural product biosynthesis, which will, in turn, accelerate the discovery of dimeric reactions and molecules in nature and provide promising strategies for the total synthesis of natural products through dimerization. This review focuses on the enzymes involved in the dimerization in the biosynthetic pathway of microbial natural products, with an emphasis on cytochrome P450s, laccases, and intermolecular [4 + 2] cyclases, along with other atypical enzymes. The identification, characterization, and catalytic landscapes of these enzymes are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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Jakočiūnas T, Klitgaard AK, Kontou EE, Nielsen JB, Thomsen E, Romero-Suarez D, Blin K, Petzold CJ, Gin JW, Tong Y, Gotfredsen CH, Charusanti P, Frandsen RJN, Weber T, Lee SY, Jensen MK, Keasling JD. Programmable polyketide biosynthesis platform for production of aromatic compounds in yeast. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2020; 5:11-18. [PMID: 32021916 PMCID: PMC6992897 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To accelerate the shift to bio-based production and overcome complicated functional implementation of natural and artificial biosynthetic pathways to industry relevant organisms, development of new, versatile, bio-based production platforms is required. Here we present a novel yeast-based platform for biosynthesis of bacterial aromatic polyketides. The platform is based on a synthetic polyketide synthase system enabling a first demonstration of bacterial aromatic polyketide biosynthesis in a eukaryotic host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Jakočiūnas
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andreas K Klitgaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Eftychia Eva Kontou
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Julie Bang Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Emil Thomsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Romero-Suarez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Blin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Yaojun Tong
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Pep Charusanti
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rasmus J N Frandsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tilmann Weber
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael K Jensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jay D Keasling
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.,Biological Systems & Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering & Department of Bioengineering University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Institute for Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China
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13
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Hashimoto M, Taguchi T, Ishikawa K, Mori R, Hotta A, Watari S, Katakawa K, Kumamoto T, Okamoto S, Ichinose K. Unveiling Two Consecutive Hydroxylations: Mechanisms of Aromatic Hydroxylations Catalyzed by Flavin‐Dependent Monooxygenases for the Biosynthesis of Actinorhodin and Related Antibiotics. Chembiochem 2019; 21:623-627. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Takaaki Taguchi
- National Institute of Health Sciences 3-25-26, Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki-shi Kanagawa 210-9501 Japan
| | - Kazuki Ishikawa
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Mori
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Akari Hotta
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Susumu Watari
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Kazuaki Katakawa
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
| | - Takuya Kumamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima University 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku Hiroshima City Hiroshima 734-8553 Japan
| | - Susumu Okamoto
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMusashino University 1-1-20, Shinmachi Nishitokyo-shi Tokyo 202-8585 Japan
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14
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Mechanism of CuO nano-particles on stimulating production of actinorhodin in Streptomyces coelicolor by transcriptional analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11253. [PMID: 31375702 PMCID: PMC6677739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, antibiotic-producing bacteria, Streptomyces coelicolor (S. coelicolor) M145, was exposed to copper oxide (CuO) particles to investigate the effects of nano-particles (NPs) on antibiotic production. Results showed that a higher yield of antibiotics was obtained with smaller particle sizes of CuO NPs. When exposed to 10 mg/L of 40 nm CuO NPs, the maximum amount of actinorhodin (ACT) obtained was 2.6 mg/L after 144 h, which was 2.0-fold greater than that of control. However, the process was inhibited when the concentration of CuO NPs was increased to higher than 20 mg/L. Transcriptome analysis showed that all the genes involved in the ACT cluster were significantly up-regulated after exposure to 10 mg/L NPs, which could be the direct cause of the increase of ACT production. Additionally, some genes related to the generation of acetyl-coA were up-regulated. In this way, CuO NPs led to an increase of secondary metabolites. The mechanism related to these changes indicated that nano-particle‒induced ROS and Cu2+ played synergetic roles in promoting ACT biosynthesis. This is a first report suggesting that CuO NPs had a significant effect on antibiotic production, which will be helpful in understanding the mechanism of antibiotic production in nature.
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15
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Liu X, Tang J, Wang L, Giesy JP. Al 2O 3 nanoparticles promote secretion of antibiotics in Streptomyces coelicolor by regulating gene expression through the nano effect. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:687-695. [PMID: 30959453 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxic effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on microorganisms have attracted substantial attention; however, there are few reports on whether NPs can affect the secondary metabolism of microbes. To investigate the toxic effects of Al2O3 NPs on cell growth and antibiotic secretion, Streptomyces coelicolor M145 was exposed to Al2O3 NPs with diameters of 30 and 80 nm and bulk Al2O3 at concentrations up to 1000 mg/L. The results indicated that differences in the toxicity of Al2O3 NPs were related to the particle size. In treatment with Al2O3 NPs, the maximum yields of undecylprodigiosin (RED) and actinorhodin (ACT) were 3.7- and 4.6-fold greater than that of the control, respectively, and the initial time of antibiotic production was much shorter. ROS quenching experiment by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) confirmed that ROS were responsible for the increased RED production. From 0 to 72 h, ROS had a significant impact on ACT production; however, after 72 h, the ROS content began to decrease until it disappeared. During ongoing exposure (0-144 h), ACT production continued to increase, indicating that in addition to ROS, nano effect of Al2O3 NPs also played roles in this process. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that Al2O3 NPs could increase the expression levels of antibiotic biosynthetic genes and two-component systems (TCSs) and inhibit the expression levels of primary metabolic pathways. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic production in nature and reveals important implications for exploring other uses of NPs in biomedical applications or regulation of antibiotics in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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16
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Genome-Wide Mutagenesis Links Multiple Metabolic Pathways with Actinorhodin Production in Streptomyces coelicolor. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.03005-18. [PMID: 30709825 PMCID: PMC6585502 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03005-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces species are important antibiotic-producing organisms that tightly regulate their antibiotic production. Actinorhodin is a typical antibiotic produced by the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor To discover the regulators of actinorhodin production, we constructed a library of 50,000 independent mutants with hyperactive Tn5 transposase-based transposition systems. Five hundred fifty-one genes were found to influence actinorhodin production in 988 individual mutants. Genetic complementation suggested that most of the insertions (76%) were responsible for the changes in antibiotic production. Genes involved in diverse cellular processes such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall homeostasis, and DNA metabolism affected actinorhodin production. Genome-wide mutagenesis can identify novel genes and pathways that impact antibiotic levels, potentially aiding in engineering strains to optimize the production of antibiotics in Streptomyces IMPORTANCE Previous studies have shown that various genes can influence antibiotic production in Streptomyces and that intercommunication between regulators can complicate antibiotic production. Therefore, to gain a better understanding of antibiotic regulation, a genome-wide perspective on genes that influence antibiotic production was needed. We searched for genes that affected production of the antibiotic actinorhodin using a genome-wide gene disruption system. We identified 551 genes that altered actinorhodin levels, and more than half of these genes were newly identified effectors. Some of these genes may be candidates for engineering Streptomyces strains to improve antibiotic production levels.
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17
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Ninomiya M, Ando Y, Kudo F, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Total Synthesis of Actinorhodin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4264-4270. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Ninomiya
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Yoshio Ando
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kudo
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Ken Ohmori
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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18
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Ninomiya M, Ando Y, Kudo F, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Total Synthesis of Actinorhodin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Ninomiya
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Yoshio Ando
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kudo
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Ken Ohmori
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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19
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Secondary Metabolites of Endophytic Actinomycetes: Isolation, Synthesis, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 108 2019; 108:207-296. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Cantú Reinhard FG, DuBois JL, de Visser SP. Catalytic Mechanism of Nogalamycin Monoxygenase: How Does Nature Synthesize Antibiotics without a Metal Cofactor? J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10841-10854. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabián G. Cantú Reinhard
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Jennifer L. DuBois
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59715-3400, United States
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
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21
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Ji CH, Kim JP, Kang HS. Library of Synthetic Streptomyces Regulatory Sequences for Use in Promoter Engineering of Natural Product Biosynthetic Gene Clusters. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:1946-1955. [PMID: 29966097 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Promoter engineering has emerged as a powerful tool to activate transcriptionally silent natural product biosynthetic gene clusters found in bacterial genomes. Since biosynthetic gene clusters are composed of multiple operons, their promoter engineering requires the use of a set of regulatory sequences with a similar level of activities. Although several successful examples of promoter engineering have been reported, its widespread use has been limited due to the lack of a library of regulatory sequences suitable for use in promoter engineering of large, multiple operon-containing biosynthetic gene clusters. Here, we present the construction of a library of constitutively active, synthetic Streptomyces regulatory sequences. The promoter assay system has been developed using a single-module nonribosomal peptide synthetase that produces the peptide blue pigment indigoidine, allowing for the rapid screening of a large pool of regulatory sequences. The highly randomized regulatory sequences in both promoter and ribosome binding site regions were screened for their ability to produce the blue pigment, and they are classified into the strong, medium, and weak regulatory sequences based on the strength of a blue color. We demonstrated the utility of our synthetic regulatory sequences for promoter engineering of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters using the actinorhodin gene cluster as a model cluster. We believe that the set of Streptomyces regulatory sequences we report here will facilitate the discovery of new natural products from silent, cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters found in sequenced Streptomyces genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hun Ji
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jong-Pyung Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Korea
| | - Hahk-Soo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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22
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Since the discovery and structural characterization of bacillithiol (BSH), the biochemical functions of BSH-biosynthesis enzymes (BshA/B/C) and BSH-dependent detoxification enzymes (FosB, Bst, GlxA/B) have been explored in Bacillus and Staphylococcus species. It was shown that BSH plays an important role in detoxification of reactive oxygen and electrophilic species, alkylating agents, toxins, and antibiotics. Recent Advances: More recently, new functions of BSH were discovered in metal homeostasis (Zn buffering, Fe-sulfur cluster, and copper homeostasis) and virulence control in Staphylococcus aureus. Unexpectedly, strains of the S. aureus NCTC8325 lineage were identified as natural BSH-deficient mutants. Modern mass spectrometry-based approaches have revealed the global reach of protein S-bacillithiolation in Firmicutes as an important regulatory redox modification under hypochlorite stress. S-bacillithiolation of OhrR, MetE, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gap) functions, analogous to S-glutathionylation, as both a redox-regulatory device and in thiol protection under oxidative stress. CRITICAL ISSUES Although the functions of the bacilliredoxin (Brx) pathways in the reversal of S-bacillithiolations have been recently addressed, significantly more work is needed to establish the complete Brx reduction pathway, including the major enzyme(s), for reduction of oxidized BSH (BSSB) and the targets of Brx action in vivo. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Despite the large number of identified S-bacillithiolated proteins, the physiological relevance of this redox modification was shown for only selected targets and should be a subject of future studies. In addition, many more BSH-dependent detoxification enzymes are evident from previous studies, although their roles and biochemical mechanisms require further study. This review of BSH research also pin-points these missing gaps for future research. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 445-462.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pete Chandrangsu
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
| | - Vu Van Loi
- 2 Institute for Biology-Microbiology , Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Haike Antelmann
- 2 Institute for Biology-Microbiology , Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - John D Helmann
- 1 Department of Microbiology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York
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23
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Kugel S, Baunach M, Baer P, Ishida-Ito M, Sundaram S, Xu Z, Groll M, Hertweck C. Cryptic indole hydroxylation by a non-canonical terpenoid cyclase parallels bacterial xenobiotic detoxification. Nat Commun 2017. [PMID: 28643772 PMCID: PMC5481743 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoid natural products comprise a wide range of molecular architectures that typically result from C–C bond formations catalysed by classical type I/II terpene cyclases. However, the molecular diversity of biologically active terpenoids is substantially increased by fully unrelated, non-canonical terpenoid cyclases. Their evolutionary origin has remained enigmatic. Here we report the in vitro reconstitution of an unusual flavin-dependent bacterial indoloterpenoid cyclase, XiaF, together with a designated flavoenzyme-reductase (XiaP) that mediates a key step in xiamycin biosynthesis. The crystal structure of XiaF with bound FADH2 (at 2.4 Å resolution) and phylogenetic analyses reveal that XiaF is, surprisingly, most closely related to xenobiotic-degrading enzymes. Biotransformation assays show that XiaF is a designated indole hydroxylase that can be used for the production of indigo and indirubin. We unveil a cryptic hydroxylation step that sets the basis for terpenoid cyclization and suggest that the cyclase has evolved from xenobiotics detoxification enzymes. The biosynthesis of xiamycin, an antimicrobial bacterial indolosesquiterpenoid, involves an unusual cyclization cascade. Here, the authors characterise the XiaF enzyme, which resembles xenobiont-degrading enzymes and is responsible for a hidden indole hydroxylation step that triggers the cyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Kugel
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Baunach
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp Baer
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mie Ishida-Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Srividhya Sundaram
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Zhongli Xu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Groll
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Natural Product Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
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24
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Wu C, Du C, Ichinose K, Choi YH, van Wezel GP. Discovery of C-Glycosylpyranonaphthoquinones in Streptomyces sp. MBT76 by a Combined NMR-Based Metabolomics and Bioinformatics Workflow. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:269-277. [PMID: 28128554 PMCID: PMC5373568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mining of microbial genomes has revealed that actinomycetes harbor far more biosynthetic potential for bioactive natural products than anticipated. Activation of (cryptic) biosynthetic gene clusters and identification of the corresponding metabolites has become a focal point for drug discovery. Here, we applied NMR-based metabolomics combined with bioinformatics to identify novel C-glycosylpyranonaphthoquinones in Streptomyces sp. MBT76 and to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway. Following activation of the cryptic qin gene cluster for a type II polyketide synthase (PKS) by constitutive expression of its pathway-specific activator, bioinformatics coupled to NMR profiling facilitated the chromatographic isolation and structural elucidation of qinimycins A-C (1-3). The intriguing structural features of the qinimycins, including 8-C-glycosylation, 5,14-epoxidation, and 13-hydroxylation, distinguished these molecules from the model pyranonaphthoquinones actinorhodin, medermycin, and granaticin. Another novelty lies in the unusual fusion of a deoxyaminosugar to the pyranonaphthoquinone backbone during biosynthesis of the antibiotics BE-54238 A and B (4, 5). Qinimycins showed weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Our work shows the utility of combining bioinformatics, targeted activation of cryptic gene clusters, and NMR-based metabolic profiling as an effective pipeline for the discovery of microbial natural products with distinctive skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Wu
- Molecular
Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden
University, Sylviusweg
72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
- Natural
Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg
72 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chao Du
- Molecular
Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden
University, Sylviusweg
72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino
University, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Natural
Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg
72 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles P. van Wezel
- Molecular
Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden
University, Sylviusweg
72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Neumeyer M, Brückner R. First Stereoselective Total Synthesis of a Dimeric Naphthoquinonopyrano-γ-lactone: (+)-γ-Actinorhodin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3383-3388. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Neumeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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Neumeyer M, Brückner R. Die erste stereoselektive Totalsynthese eines dimeren γ-Lacton- anellierten Pyranonaphthochinons: (+)-γ-Actinorhodin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Neumeyer
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Reinhard Brückner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
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Taguchi T, Awakawa T, Nishihara Y, Kawamura M, Ohnishi Y, Ichinose K. Bifunctionality of ActIV as a Cyclase-Thioesterase Revealed by in Vitro Reconstitution of Actinorhodin Biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Chembiochem 2017; 18:316-323. [PMID: 27897367 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Type II polyketide synthases iteratively generate a nascent polyketide thioester of the acyl carrier protein (ACP); this is structurally modified to produce an ACP-free intermediate towards the final metabolite. However, the timing of ACP off-loading is not well defined because of the lack of an apparent thioesterase (TE) among relevant biosynthetic enzymes. Here, ActIV, which had been assigned as a second ring cyclase (CYC) in actinorhodin (ACT) biosynthesis, was shown to possess TE activity in vitro with a model substrate, anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid-N-acetylcysteamine. In order to investigate its function further, the ACT biosynthetic pathway in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was reconstituted in vitro in a stepwise fashion up to (S)-DNPA, and the product of ActIV reaction was characterized as an ACP-free bicyclic intermediate. These findings indicate that ActIV is a bifunctional CYC-TE and provide clear evidence for the release timing of the intermediate from the ACP anchor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Taguchi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Awakawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.,Present address: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yukitaka Nishihara
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Michiho Kawamura
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ohnishi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Koji Ichinose
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
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28
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Yan Y, Yang J, Yu Z, Yu M, Ma YT, Wang L, Su C, Luo J, Horsman GP, Huang SX. Non-enzymatic pyridine ring formation in the biosynthesis of the rubrolone tropolone alkaloids. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13083. [PMID: 27713400 PMCID: PMC5059770 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyridine ring is a potent pharmacophore in alkaloid natural products. Nonetheless, its biosynthetic pathways are poorly understood. Rubrolones A and B are tropolone alkaloid natural products possessing a unique tetra-substituted pyridine moiety. Here, we report the gene cluster and propose a biosynthetic pathway for rubrolones, identifying a key intermediate that accumulates upon inactivation of sugar biosynthetic genes. Critically, this intermediate was converted to the aglycones of rubrolones by non-enzymatic condensation and cyclization with either ammonia or anthranilic acid to generate the respective pyridine rings. We propose that this non-enzymatic reaction occurs via hydrolysis of the key intermediate, which possesses a 1,5-dione moiety as an amine acceptor capable of cyclization. This study suggests that 1,5-dione moieties may represent a general strategy for pyridine ring biosynthesis, and more broadly highlights the utility of non-enzymatic diversification for exploring and expanding natural product chemical space.
The biosynthesis of pyridine rings is still poorly understood. Here the authors propose a biosynthetic pathway for pyridine-containing rubrolones, which is characterized by a non-enzymatic condensation and cyclization of the pyridine moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhiyin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ya-Tuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Can Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jianying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Geoffrey P Horsman
- Department of Chemistry &Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3C5
| | - Sheng-Xiong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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Machovina MM, Usselman RJ, DuBois JL. Monooxygenase Substrates Mimic Flavin to Catalyze Cofactorless Oxygenations. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17816-28. [PMID: 27307041 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase family catalyze O2-dependent oxidations and oxygenations in the absence of any metallo- or organic cofactor. How these enzymes surmount the kinetic barrier to reactions between singlet substrates and triplet O2 is unclear, but the reactions have been proposed to occur via a flavin-like mechanism, where the substrate acts in lieu of a flavin cofactor. To test this model, we monitored the uncatalyzed and enzymatic reactions of dithranol, a substrate for the nogalamycin monooxygenase (NMO) from Streptomyces nogalater As with flavin, dithranol oxidation was faster at a higher pH, although the reaction did not appear to be base-catalyzed. Rather, conserved asparagines contributed to suppression of the substrate pKa The same residues were critical for enzymatic catalysis that, consistent with the flavoenzyme model, occurred via an O2-dependent slow step. Evidence for a superoxide/substrate radical pair intermediate came from detection of enzyme-bound superoxide during turnover. Small molecule and enzymatic superoxide traps suppressed formation of the oxygenation product under uncatalyzed conditions, whereas only the small molecule trap had an effect in the presence of NMO. This suggested that NMO both accelerated the formation and directed the recombination of a superoxide/dithranyl radical pair. These catalytic strategies are in some ways flavin-like and stand in contrast to the mechanisms of urate oxidase and (1H)-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase, both cofactor-independent enzymes that surmount the barriers to direct substrate/O2 reactivity via markedly different means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melodie M Machovina
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59715-3400
| | - Robert J Usselman
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59715-3400
| | - Jennifer L DuBois
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59715-3400
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30
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Lv M, Zhao J, Deng Z, Yu Y. Characterization of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Benzoxazole Antibiotics A33853 Reveals Unusual Assembly Logic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:1313-24. [PMID: 26496684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A33853, which shows excellent bioactivity against Leishmania, is a benzoxazole-family compound formed from two moieties of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and one 3-hydroxypicolinic acid. In this study, we have identified the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of A33853 in Streptomyces sp. NRRL12068 through genome mining and heterologous expression. Bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization of the orfs contained in the gene cluster revealed that the biosynthesis of A33853 is directed by a group of unusual enzymes. In particular, BomK, annotated as a ketosynthase, was found to catalyze the amide bond formation between 3-hydroxypicolinic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid during the assembly of A33853. BomJ, a putative ATP-dependent coenzyme A ligase, and BomN, a putative amidohydrolase, were further proposed to be involved in the benzoxazole formation in A33853 according to gene deletion experiments. Finally, we have successfully utilized mutasynthesis to generate two analogs of A33853, which were reported previously to possess excellent anti-leishmanial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatory Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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He Q, Li L, Yang T, Li R, Li A. Functional Characterization of a Ketoreductase-Encoding Gene med-ORF12 Involved in the Formation of a Stereospecific Pyran Ring during the Biosynthesis of an Antitumor Antibiotic Medermycin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132431. [PMID: 26162081 PMCID: PMC4498746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Medermycin, a polyketide antibiotic, possesses strong bioactivity against a variety of tumors through a novel mechanism and is structurally featured with a pyran ring containing two chiral centers (3S and 15R). By far the biosynthetic origin of such enantiomerical conformations still remains obscure. In the present study, we reported the functional characterization of a proposed ketoreductase Med-ORF12 encoded by medermycin biosynthetic cluster and revealed its involvement in the stereochemical control at C3 center of medermycin. Firstly, bioinformatics analysis of Med-ORF12 suggested that it belongs to a group of stereospecific ketoreductases. Next, a Med-ORF12-deficient mutant was obtained and LC/MS measurements demonstrated that medermycin production was completely abolished in this mutant. Meanwhile, it was found that two shunt products were accumulated at the absence of Med-ORF12. Finally, the reintroduction of Med-ORF12 into this mutant could restore the production of medermycin. In a conclusion, these data supported that Med-ORF12 is essential for the biosynthesis of medermycin and performs its role as a stereospecifc ketoreductase in the tailoring steps of medermycin biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Aiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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32
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Ando Y, Hori S, Fukazawa T, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Toward Naphthocyclinones: Doubly Connected Octaketide Dimers with a Bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienone Core by Thiolate-Mediated Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9650-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Ando Y, Hori S, Fukazawa T, Ohmori K, Suzuki K. Toward Naphthocyclinones: Doubly Connected Octaketide Dimers with a Bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienone Core by Thiolate-Mediated Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Accumulation of a bioactive benzoisochromanequinone compound kalafungin by a wild type antitumor-medermycin-producing streptomycete strain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117690. [PMID: 25695632 PMCID: PMC4335000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medermycin and kalafungin, two antibacterial and antitumor antibiotics isolated from different streptomycetes, share an identical polyketide skeleton core. The present study reported the discovery of kalafungin in a medermycin-producing streptomycete strain for the first time. A mutant strain obtained through UV mutagenesis showed a 3-fold increase in the production of this antibiotic, compared to the wild type strain. Heterologous expression experiments suggested that its production was severely controlled by the gene cluster for medermycin biosynthesis. In all, these findings suggested that kalafungin and medermycin could be accumulated by the same streptomycete and share their biosynthetic pathway to some extent in this strain.
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35
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Taguchi T, Maruyama T, Sawa R, Igarashi M, Okamoto S, Ichinose K. Structure and biosynthetic implication of 5R-(N-acetyl-L-cysteinyl)-14S-hydroxy-dihydrokalafungin from a mutant of the actVA-ORF4 gene for actinorhodin biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:481-3. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Natural low-molecular mass organic compounds with oxidase activity as organocatalysts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:17152-7. [PMID: 25411318 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417941111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Organocatalysts, low-molecular mass organic compounds composed of nonmetallic elements, are often used in organic synthesis, but there have been no reports of organocatalysts of biological origin that function in vivo. Here, we report that actinorhodin (ACT), a natural product derived from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), acts as a biocatalyst. We purified ACT and assayed its catalytic activity in the oxidation of L-ascorbic acid and L-cysteine as substrates by analytical methods for enzymes. Our findings were as follows: (i) oxidation reactions producing H2O2 proceeded upon addition of ACT to the reaction mixture; (ii) ACT was not consumed during the reactions; and (iii) a small amount (catalytic amount) of ACT consumed an excess amount of the substrates. Even at room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and neutral pH, ACT showed catalytic activity in aqueous solution, and ACT exhibited substrate specificity in the oxidation reactions. These findings reveal ACT to be an organocatalyst. ACT is known to show antibiotic activity, but its mechanism of action remains unknown. On the basis of our results, we propose that ACT kills bacteria by catalyzing the production of toxic levels of H2O2. We also screened various other natural products of bacterial, plant, and animal origins and found that several of the compounds exhibited catalytic activity, suggesting that living organisms produce and use these compounds as biocatalysts in nature.
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Jiang B, Li S, Zhao W, Li T, Zuo L, Nan Y, Wu L, Liu H, Yu L, Shan G, Zuo L. 6-Deoxy-13-hydroxy-8,11-dione-dihydrogranaticin B, an intermediate in granaticin biosynthesis, from Streptomyces sp. CPCC 200532. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2130-2133. [PMID: 25153802 DOI: 10.1021/np500138k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new granaticin analogue and its hydrolysis product were isolated from Streptomyces sp. CPCC 200532. Their structures were determined to be 6-deoxy-13-hydroxy-8,11-dione-dihydrogranaticins B (1) and A (2), respectively, by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was regarded as an intermediate in granaticin biosynthesis, as it was bioconvertable to granaticin B. Compared to granaticin B, 1 showed similar cytotoxicity against cancer cell line HCT116, but decreased cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines A549, HeLa, and HepG2. Compound 2 displayed lower cytotoxicity than 1 against all four cancer cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingya Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics of Ministry of Health, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Perera VR, Newton GL, Parnell JM, Komives EA, Pogliano K. Purification and characterization of the Staphylococcus aureus bacillithiol transferase BstA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1840:2851-61. [PMID: 24821014 PMCID: PMC4802972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gram-positive bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes synthesize the low molecular weight thiol bacillithiol rather than glutathione or mycothiol. The bacillithiol transferase YfiT from Bacillus subtilis was identified as a new member of the recently discovered DinB/YfiT-like Superfamily. Based on structural similarity using the Superfamily program, we have determined 30 of 31 Staphylococcus aureus strains encode a single bacillithiol transferase from the DinB/YfiT-like Superfamily, while the remaining strain encodes two proteins. METHODS We have cloned, purified, and confirmed the activity of a recombinant bacillithiol transferase (henceforth called BstA) encoded by the S. aureus Newman ORF NWMN_2591. Moreover, we have studied the saturation kinetics and substrate specificity of this enzyme using in vitro biochemical assays. RESULTS BstA was found to be active with the co-substrate bacillithiol, but not with other low molecular weight thiols tested. BstA catalyzed bacillithiol conjugation to the model substrates monochlorobimane, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, and the antibiotic cerulenin. Several other molecules, including the antibiotic rifamycin S, were found to react directly with bacillithiol, but the addition of BstA did not enhance the rate of reaction. Furthermore, cells growing in nutrient rich medium exhibited low BstA activity. CONCLUSIONS BstA is a bacillithiol transferase from S. aureus that catalyzes the detoxification of cerulenin. Additionally, we have determined that bacillithiol itself might be capable of directly detoxifying electrophilic molecules. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE BstA is an active bacillithiol transferase from S. aureus Newman and is the first DinB/YfiT-like Superfamily member identified from this organism. Interestingly, BstA is highly divergent from B. subtilis YfiT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varahenage R Perera
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377
| | - Gerald L Newton
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377
| | - Jonathan M Parnell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
| | - Elizabeth A Komives
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0378
| | - Kit Pogliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0377.
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Janso JE, Haltli BA, Eustáquio AS, Kulowski K, Waldman AJ, Zha L, Nakamura H, Bernan VS, He H, Carter GT, Koehn FE, Balskus EP. Discovery of the lomaiviticin biosynthetic gene cluster in Salinispora pacifica.. Tetrahedron 2014; 70:4156-4164. [PMID: 25045187 PMCID: PMC4101813 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The lomaiviticins are a family of cytotoxic marine natural products that have captured the attention of both synthetic and biological chemists due to their intricate molecular scaffolds and potent biological activities. Here we describe the identification of the gene cluster responsible for lomaiviticin biosynthesis in Salinispora pacifica strains DPJ-0016 and DPJ-0019 using a combination of molecular approaches and genome sequencing. The link between the lom gene cluster and lomaiviticin production was confirmed using bacterial genetics, and subsequent analysis and annotation of this cluster revealed the biosynthetic basis for the core polyketide scaffold. Additionally, we have used comparative genomics to identify candidate enzymes for several unusual tailoring events, including diazo formation and oxidative dimerization. These findings will allow further elucidation of the biosynthetic logic of lomaiviticin assembly and provide useful molecular tools for application in biocatalysis and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey E. Janso
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Brad A. Haltli
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Alessandra S. Eustáquio
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Kerry Kulowski
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Abraham J. Waldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Li Zha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Hitomi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Valerie S. Bernan
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Haiyin He
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Guy T. Carter
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Frank E. Koehn
- Natural Products, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06355, United States
| | - Emily P. Balskus
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
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40
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Natural Product Proteomining, a Quantitative Proteomics Platform, Allows Rapid Discovery of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters for Different Classes of Natural Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:707-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Minami A, Oikawa H. Synthesis of Natural Products with Biosynthetic Machinery. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2014. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.72.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Metsä-Ketelä M, Oja T, Taguchi T, Okamoto S, Ichinose K. Biosynthesis of pyranonaphthoquinone polyketides reveals diverse strategies for enzymatic carbon–carbon bond formation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 17:562-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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