1
|
Dou JY, Jiang YC, Cui ZY, Lian LH, Nan JX, Wu YL. Acanthoic acid, unique potential pimaradiene diterpene isolated from Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae): A review on its pharmacology, molecular mechanism, and structural modification. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 200:113247. [PMID: 35597316 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acanthoic acid (AA) is a pimaradiene diterpene isolated from the root bark of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae) with a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, liver protection, gastrointestinal protection, and cardiovascular protection. In addition, AA promotes its pharmacological effects by targeting liver X receptors (LXRs), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) signaling pathways, or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, etc. Also, some studies focus on the structural modification of AA to improve its pharmacological activities. The review summarizes the pharmacological activities, molecular mechanism, and the structural modification of AA, which might supply information for the development of AA in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Dou
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Yu-Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China.
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Korean Medicine Research (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, 133002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cevey ÁC, Mascolo PD, Penas FN, Pieralisi AV, Sequeyra AS, Mirkin GA, Goren NB. Benznidazole Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Murine Cardiomyocytes and Macrophages Are Mediated by Class I PI3Kδ. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782891. [PMID: 34925364 PMCID: PMC8675942 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Benznidazole (Bzl), the drug of choice in many countries for the treatment of Chagas disease, leads to parasite clearance in the early stages of infection and contributes to immunomodulation. In addition to its parasiticidal effect, Bzl inhibits the NF-κB pathway. In this regard, we have previously described that this occurs through IL-10/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. PI3K pathway is involved in the regulation of the immune system by inhibiting NF-κB pathway through STAT3. In this work, the participation of PI3K in the immunomodulatory effects of Bzl in cardiac and immune cells, the main targets of Chagas disease, was further studied. For that, we use a murine primary cardiomyocyte culture and a monocyte/macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7), stimulated with LPS in presence of LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K. Under these conditions, Bzl could neither increase SOCS3 expression nor inhibit the NOS2 mRNA expression and the release of NOx, both in cardiomyocytes and macrophages. Macrophages are crucial in the development of Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy. Thus, to deepen our understanding of how Bzl acts, the expression profile of M1-M2 macrophage markers was evaluated. Bzl inhibited the release of NOx (M1 marker) and increased the expression of Arginase I (M2 marker) and a negative correlation was found between them. Besides, LPS increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Bzl treatment not only inhibited this effect but also increased the expression of typical M2-macrophage markers like Mannose Receptor, TGF-β, and VEGF-A. Moreover, Bzl increased the expression of PPAR-γ and PPAR-α, known as key regulators of macrophage polarization. PI3K directly regulates M1-to-M2 macrophage polarization. Since p110δ, catalytic subunit of PI3Kδ, is highly expressed in immune cells, experiments were carried out in presence of CAL-101, a specific inhibitor of this subunit. Under this condition, Bzl could neither increase SOCS3 expression nor inhibit NF-κB pathway. Moreover, Bzl not only failed to inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (M1 markers) but also could not increase M2 markers. Taken together these results demonstrate, for the first time, that the anti-inflammatory effect of Bzl depends on PI3K activity in a cell line of murine macrophages and in primary culture of neonatal cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, Bzl-mediated increase expression of M2-macrophage markers involves the participation of the p110δ catalytic subunit of PI3Kδ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ágata C Cevey
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula D Mascolo
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico N Penas
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Azul V Pieralisi
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldana S Sequeyra
- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo A Mirkin
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora B Goren
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Povo-Retana A, Mojena M, Stremtan AB, Fernández-García VB, Gómez-Sáez A, Nuevo-Tapioles C, Molina-Guijarro JM, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Cuezva JM, López-Collazo E, Martínez-Leal JF, Boscá L. Specific Effects of Trabectedin and Lurbinectedin on Human Macrophage Function and Fate-Novel Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103060. [PMID: 33092171 PMCID: PMC7590144 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in suppressing the immunosurveillance function of the immune system that prevents tumor growth. Indeed, macrophages can also be targeted by different chemotherapeutic agents improving the action over immune checkpoints to fight cancer. Here we describe the effect of trabectedin and lurbinectedin on human macrophage cell viability and function. METHODS Blood monocytes from healthy donors were differentiated into macrophages and exposed to different stimuli promoting functional polarization and differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages. Cells were challenged with the chemotherapeutic drugs and the effects on cell viability and function were analyzed. RESULTS Human macrophages exhibit at least two different profiles in response to these drugs. One-fourth of the blood donors assayed (164 individuals) were extremely sensitive to trabectedin and lurbinectedin, which promoted apoptotic cell death. Macrophages from other individuals retained viability but responded to the drugs increasing reactive oxygen production and showing a rapid intracellular calcium rise and a loss of mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Cell-membrane exposure of programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) significantly decreased after treatment with therapeutic doses of these drugs, including changes in the gene expression profile of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)-dependent genes, among other. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence of additional onco-therapeutic actions for these drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Povo-Retana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Marina Mojena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Adrian B. Stremtan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Victoria B. Fernández-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Ana Gómez-Sáez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
| | - Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Centro de Biología Molecular (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera S/N, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.N.-T.); (J.M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (E.L.-C.)
| | - José M. Cuezva
- Centro de Biología Molecular (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera S/N, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (C.N.-T.); (J.M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (E.L.-C.)
| | | | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.P.-R.); (M.M.); (A.B.S.); (V.B.F.-G.); (A.G.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.-O.); (E.L.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9149-72747
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Scrodentoids H and I, a Pair of Natural Epimerides from Scrophularia dentata, Inhibit Inflammation through JNK-STAT3 Axis in THP-1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1842347. [PMID: 32802115 PMCID: PMC7403932 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1842347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Scrophularia dentata is an important medicinal plant and used for the treatment of exanthema and fever in Traditional Tibetan Medicine. Scrodentoids H and I (SHI), a pair of epimerides of C19-norditerpenoids isolated from Scrophularia dentata, could transfer to each other in room temperature and were firstly reported in our previous work. Here, we first reported the anti-inflammatory effects of SHI on LPS-induced inflammation. Purpose To evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of SHI, we investigated the effects of SHI on LPS-activated THP-1 cells. Methods THP-1 human macrophages were pretreated with SHI and stimulated with LPS. Proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mechanism of action involving phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, P38, and STAT3 was measured by western Blot. The NF-κB promoter activity was evaluated by Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System in TNF-α stimulated 293T cells. Results SHI dose-dependently reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. The ability of SHI to reduce production of cytokines is associated with phosphorylation depress of JNK and STAT3 rather than p38, ERK, and NF-κB promoter. Conclusions Our experimental results indicated that anti-inflammatory effects of SHI exhibit attenuation of LPS-induced inflammation and inhibit activation through JNK/STAT3 pathway in macrophages. These results suggest that SHI might have a potential in treating inflammatory disease.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang F, Cai HH, Feng XE, Li QS. A novel marine halophenol derivative attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells via activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1021-1031. [PMID: 32112362 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2,4',5'-Trihydroxyl-5,2'-dibromo diphenylmethanone (LM49), a novel active halophenol derivative synthesized by our group from marine plants, exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activities. However, molecular machineries involved in its effect have not been fully identified. The study was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of LM49 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and its underlying mechanism. METHODS RAW264.7 cells were treated with LPS (10 μg/mL) and then exposed to different concentrations of LM49 (i.e., 5, 10, and 15 μM) for 24 h. Cytokine release in culture medium of RAW264.7 cells was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Phagocytic capacity (FITC-dextran uptake) was determined by flow cytometry. The protein level of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), AKT and p-AKT was measured by western blot analysis. RESULTS Our findings revealed that LM49 reduced the production and mRNA levels of cytokines related to inflammation such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and increased the level of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In addition, LM49 decreased the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, flow cytometry showed that LM49 significantly enhanced the phagocytic capacity (FITC-dextran uptake) of macrophages. The effects of LM49 were significantly inhibited by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002. In particular, LY294002 attenuated the phagocytic capacity of RAW264.7 cells induced by LM49 and prevented the effects on cytokines. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that LM49 possesses anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, in which the PI3K/Akt pathway plays an essential role. LM49 may have clinical utility as an anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, we demonstrated that a halophenol derivative (LM49) could possess anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing the phagocytic capacity, in which the PI3K/Akt pathway plays an essential role. LM49 may have clinical utility as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Hong Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-E Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, 030619, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Utaipan T, Suksamrarn A, Kaemchantuek P, Chokchaisiri R, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W, Chunglok W. Diterpenoid trigonoreidon B isolated from Trigonostemon reidioides alleviates inflammation in models of LPS-stimulated murine macrophages and inflammatory liver injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:961-971. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
7
|
Rada P, Pardo V, Mobasher MA, García-Martínez I, Ruiz L, González-Rodríguez Á, Sanchez-Ramos C, Muntané J, Alemany S, James LP, Simpson KJ, Monsalve M, Valdecantos MP, Valverde ÁM. SIRT1 Controls Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by Modulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1187-1208. [PMID: 29084443 PMCID: PMC9545809 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key player in liver physiology and a therapeutic target against hepatic inflammation. We evaluated the role of SIRT1 in the proinflammatory context and oxidative stress during acetaminophen (APAP)-mediated hepatotoxicity. RESULTS SIRT1 protein levels decreased in human and mouse livers following APAP overdose. SIRT1-Tg mice maintained higher levels of SIRT1 on APAP injection than wild-type mice and were protected against hepatotoxicity by modulation of antioxidant systems and restrained inflammatory responses, with decreased oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokine messenger RNA levels, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling, and cell death. Mouse hepatocytes stimulated with conditioned medium of APAP-treated macrophages (APAP-CM) showed decreased SIRT1 levels; an effect mimicked by interleukin (IL)1β, an activator of NFκB. This negative modulation was abolished by neutralizing IL1β in APAP-CM or silencing p65-NFκB in hepatocytes. APAP-CM of macrophages from SIRT1-Tg mice failed to downregulate SIRT1 protein levels in hepatocytes. In vivo administration of the NFκB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 preserved SIRT1 levels and protected from APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity. INNOVATION Our work evidenced the unique role of SIRT1 in APAP hepatoprotection by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION SIRT1 protein levels are downregulated by IL1β/NFκB signaling in APAP hepatotoxicity, resulting in inflammation and oxidative stress. Thus, maintenance of SIRT1 during APAP overdose by inhibiting NFκB might be clinically relevant. Rebound Track: This work was rejected during standard peer review and rescued by Rebound Peer Review (Antioxid Redox Signal 16:293-296, 2012) with the following serving as open reviewers: Rafael de Cabo, Joaquim Ros, Kalervo Hiltunen, and Neil Kaplowitz. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1187-1208.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rada
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Pardo
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Maysa A Mobasher
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain .,3 Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Al Jouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irma García-Martínez
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- 4 Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa , Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sanchez-Ramos
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- 5 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain .,6 Oncology Surgery, Cell Therapy and Transplant Organs, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/University Hospital Virgen del Rocio/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville, Spain
| | - Susana Alemany
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura P James
- 7 Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Arkansas Children's Hospital , Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Kenneth J Simpson
- 8 Division of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - María Monsalve
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Valdecantos
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- 1 Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM) , Madrid, Spain .,2 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Song J, Han X, Yao YL, Li YM, Zhang J, Shao DY, Hou LS, Fan Y, Song SZ, Lian LH, Nan JX, Wu YL. Acanthoic acid suppresses lipin1/2 via TLR4 and IRAK4 signalling pathways in EtOH- and lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic lipogenesis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:393-403. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
In alcoholic liver disease, alcohol and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are major stimulation factors of hepatic lipogenesis. Our objective was to determine the protective mechanism of acanthoic acid (AA) in EtOH- and LPS-induced hepatic lipogenesis.
Methods
HSC-T6 cells were treated with ethanol (200 mm) plus LPS (1 μg/ml) for 1 h, followed by AA (10 or 20 μm) for another 6 h. C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with of AA (20 and 40 mg/kg) or equal volume of saline and then exposed to three doses of ethanol (5 g/kg body weight) within 24 h. The mice were sacrificed at 6 h after the last ethanol dosing.
Key findings
Acanthoic acid significantly decreased the expressions of α-SMA, collagen-I, SREBP-1, and lipin1/2 induced, also decreased fat droplets caused by EtOH/LPS. AA treatment decreased the protein expressions of TLR4, CD14, IRAK4, TRAF3, p-TAK1 and NF-κB increased by EtOH/LPS on HSC cells. Results in vivo were consistent with results in vitro.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrated that AA might modulate hepatic fibrosis and lipid deposition in HSC-T6 cell stimulated with ethanol combined with LPS by decreasing lipin1/2 via TLR4 and IRAK4 signalling pathways, and AA might be considered as a potential therapeutic candidate for alcoholic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xin Han
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - You-Li Yao
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ya-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Dan-Yang Shao
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Shuang Hou
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Shun-Zong Song
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
- Clinical Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yao YL, Han X, Li ZM, Lian LH, Nan JX, Wu YL. Acanthoic Acid Can Partially Prevent Alcohol Exposure-Induced Liver Lipid Deposition and Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:134. [PMID: 28360860 PMCID: PMC5352707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The present study aims to detect the effect of acanthoic acid (AA) on alcohol exposure-induced liver lipid deposition and inflammation, and to explore the mechanisms. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with single dose of AA (20 and 40 mg/kg) by oral gavage or equal volume of saline, and then exposed to three doses of ethanol (5 g/kg body weight, 25%, w/v) by gavage within 24 h. The mice were sacrificed at 6 h after the last ethanol dosing. Serum and hepatic indexes were detected by western blot, RT-PCR, and histopathological assay. AML-12 cells were pretreated with AA (5, 10, 20 μM), or AICAR (500 μM), GW3965 (1 μM), SRT1720 (6 μM), Nicotinamide (20 mM) for 2 h, respectively, and then following treated with EtOH (200 mM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ng/ml) for additional 48 h. Cell protein and mRNA were collected for western blot and RT-PCR. Cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release were detected by ELISA assay. Results: It was found that AA significantly decreased acute ethanol-induced increasing of the serum ALT/AST, LDH, ALP levels, and hepatic and serum triglyceride levels, and reduced fat droplets accumulation in mice liver. AA significantly suppressed the levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), IL-1β, and caspase-1 induced by ethanol. Furthermore, a significant decline of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and liver X receptors (LXRs) levels was observed in EtOH group, compared with normal group mice. And AA pretreatment increased the Sirt1 and LXRs levels, and also ameliorated phosphorylation of liver kinase B-1 (LKB-1), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) proteins, compared with EtOH group. However, the levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor -α or -γ (PPAR-α or PPAR-γ) induced by acute ethanol were reversed by AA. In EtOH/LPS cultivated AML-12 cells, AA decreased IL-1β and TNF-α levels, lipid droplets, and SREBP-1 and CYP2E1 expressions, compared with EtOH/LPS treatment. AA also significantly increased protein expressions of Sirt1, p-LKB1, p-ACC, PPARα, and decreased protein expression of PPARγ, compared with EtOH/LPS treatment. Conclusion: Acanthoic acid can partially prevent alcohol exposure-induced liver lipid deposition and inflammation via regulation of LKB1/Sirt1/AMPK/ACC and LXRs pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Li Yao
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Yanji, China
| | - Xin Han
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Yanji, China
| | - Zhi-Man Li
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Yanji, China
| | - Li-Hua Lian
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Yanji, China
| | - Ji-Xing Nan
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian UniversityYanji, China; Clinical Research Center, Yanbian University HospitalYanji, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory for Natural Resource of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Yanji, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu YL, Lian LH, Nan JX. Protective effects of Chinese traditional medicine against liver injury and liver fibrosis and mechanisms involved. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:4144-4150. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i30.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury and liver fibrosis are clinically common, and there is currently a lack of ideal drugs for these conditions. Recent studies have indicated that the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine show certain efficacy in prevention and treatment of liver injury and liver fibrosis, and the mechanisms are related to the protection of liver cells, anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. This paper discusses the protective effects of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine against liver injury and liver fibrosis and the mechanisms involved, with an aim to promote the development of therapeutic drugs for liver injury and liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen CW, Chen CC, Jian CY, Lin PH, Chou JC, Teng HS, Hu S, Lieu FK, Wang PS, Wang SW. Attenuation of exercise effect on inflammatory responses via novel role of TLR4/PI3K/Akt signaling in rat splenocytes. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:870-877. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00393.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate exercise diminishes proinflammation cytokine production in various types of immune cells, but the intracellular signaling pathways involved are not completely understood. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, a crucial downstream protein of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), may modulate inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of exercises on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response in splenocytes and to explore potential mechanisms of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Male rats were divided into sedentary and exercise groups. Animals in the exercise group underwent endurance training 30 min/day, 7 days/wk, at the speed of 20 m/min on a treadmill for 1 wk. Here, we showed that exercise 1) attenuated TLR4, 2) increased PI3K/phospho-Akt (p-Akt), and 3) diminished phospho-nuclear factor-κB (p-NF-κB) expression. In addition, administration of splenocytes isolated from trained rats with LPS in vitro showed 1) reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide secretion and 2) decreased splenocyte proliferation. The plasma corticosterone (CCS) level in the exercise group was higher than that in the sedentary group. We confirmed that CCS down-regulated TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in response to LPS in rat splenocytes. Dexamethasone also significantly attenuated LPS-evoked release of TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that exercise dampened the secretion of inflammation mediators probably through partial inhibition of TLR4 and p-NF-κB and activation of PI3K/p-Akt expression in the spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Yun Jian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Chun Chou
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Su Teng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sindy Hu
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Kong Lieu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Paulus S. Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Medical Center of Aging Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and
| | - Shyi-Wu Wang
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Terpenoids are a very prominent class of natural compounds produced in diverse genera of plants, fungi, algae and sponges. They gained significant pharmaceutical value since prehistoric times, due to their broad spectrum of medical applications. The fragrant leaves of Eucalyptus trees are a rich source of terpenoids. Therefore this review starts by summarizing the main terpenoid compounds present in Eucalyptus globulus, E. citriodora, E. radiata and E. resinifera and describing their biosynthetic pathways. Of the enormous number of pharmaceutically important terpenoids, this paper also reviews some well established and recently discovered examples and discusses their medical applications. In this context, the synthetic processes for (–)-menthol, (–)- cis-carveol, (+)-artemisinine, (+)-merrilactone A and (–)-sclareol are presented. The tricyclic sesquiterpene (–)-englerin A isolated from the stem bark of the Phyllanthus engleri plant ( Euphorbiaceae) is highly active against certain renal cancer cell lines. In addition, recent studies showed that englerin A is also a potent and selective activator of TRPC4 and TRPC5 calcium channels. These important findings were the motivation for several renowned research labs to achieve a total synthesis of (–)-englerin A. Two prominent examples – Christmann and Metz – are compared and discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Jaeger
- Formerly Institute of Organic Chemistry, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn-Platz, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Eckehard Cuny
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Darmstadt Technical University, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Islam MT, da Mata AMOF, de Aguiar RPS, Paz MFCJ, de Alencar MVOB, Ferreira PMP, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA. Therapeutic Potential of Essential Oils Focusing on Diterpenes. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1420-44. [PMID: 27307034 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among all plant derivates, essential oils (EOs) have gained the attention of many scientists. Diterpenes, a family of components present in some EO, are becoming a milestone in the EOs world. The goal of this review is to describe a scenario of diterpenes taking into health-consumption deportment. Previous studies revealed that diterpenes have antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, cytotoxic, anticancer, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, chemopreventive, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, immunostimulatory, organoprotective, antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, antiallergic, antiplatelet, antithrombotic, and antitoxin activities. In conclusion, diterpenes may be an immense featuring concern in pharmaceutical consumption from a drug discovery point of view. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Torequl Islam
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, 22-Shahid Mirza Lane (E), Academic Building-II, 1st floor, 739/A, Mehedibag Road, Mehedibag-4000, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | - Raí Pablo Sousa de Aguiar
- Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Marcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros de Alencar
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil.,Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arroba AI, Alcalde-Estevez E, García-Ramírez M, Cazzoni D, de la Villa P, Sánchez-Fernández EM, Mellet CO, García Fernández JM, Hernández C, Simó R, Valverde ÁM. Modulation of microglia polarization dynamics during diabetic retinopathy in db/db mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1663-74. [PMID: 27267343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Arroba
- Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute (IIBm) (CSIC/UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Spain; Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Marta García-Ramírez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Spain; Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniele Cazzoni
- Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute (IIBm) (CSIC/UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Spain; Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Spain; Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Alberto Sols Biomedical Research Institute (IIBm) (CSIC/UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERdem), ISCIII, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wei C, Tan CK, Xiaoping H, Junqiang J. Acanthoic acid inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts. Inflammation 2015; 38:896-901. [PMID: 25373915 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic disease that affects the gums and destroys connective tissue. Acanthoic acid (AA), a diterpene in Acanthopanax koreanum, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of AA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). HGFs were treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS in the presence or absence of AA. The production of inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The expression of NF-κB and TLR4 were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that AA inhibited LPS-induced IL-8 and IL-6 production in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, AA inhibited LPS-induced TLR4 expression and NF-κB activation. In conclusion, AA inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in HGFs through inhibition TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Wei
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
New Non-Toxic Semi-Synthetic Derivatives from Natural Diterpenes Displaying Anti-Tuberculosis Activity. Molecules 2015; 20:18264-78. [PMID: 26457701 PMCID: PMC6331924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201018264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis of six diterpene derivatives, three of which are new, generated through known organic chemistry reactions that allowed structural modification of the existing natural products kaurenoic acid (1) and copalic acid (2). The new compounds were fully characterized using high resolution mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, 1H- and 13C-NMR experiments. We also report the evaluation of the anti-tuberculosis potential for all compounds, which showed some promising results for Micobacterium tuberculosis inhibition. Moreover, the toxicity for each of the most active compounds was also assessed.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Diterpene derivatives of the natural product acanthoic acid have potent anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. In this issue of Chemistry & Biolgy, Través and colleagues report that the primary molecular mechanism of action of diterpenes structurally related to acanthoic acid is the direct activation of PI3-kinase signaling in macrophages, which in turn inhibits NF-κB activation and suppresses proinflammatory gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard P Kok
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Enrique Saez
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ignea C, Ioannou E, Georgantea P, Loupassaki S, Trikka FA, Kanellis AK, Makris AM, Roussis V, Kampranis SC. Reconstructing the chemical diversity of labdane-type diterpene biosynthesis in yeast. Metab Eng 2015; 28:91-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|