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Nam Y, Park S, Kim E, Lee I, Park YJ, Kim TY, Kim MJ, Moon S, Shin S, Kim H, Choi K. Blood Pb levels are associated with prostate cancer prevalence among general adult males: Linking National Cancer Registry (2002-2017) and KNHANES (2008-2017) databases of Korea. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114318. [PMID: 38171267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to heavy metals may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. However, these observations are often inconsistent and not based on clinically diagnosed cases. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) exposure with clinically determined prostate cancer cases among adult males in South Korea. METHODS Metal biomonitoring data and cancer information from the general Korean population were extracted by linking National Cancer Center (NCC) cancer registration data (2002-2017) with Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data (2008-2017). Among them, 46 prostate cancer cases (designated as 'all-prostate'), including 25 diagnosed after heavy metal measurement (designated as 'post-prostate'), and 93 matching controls were chosen. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the heavy metal levels and prostate cancer. RESULTS Post-prostate patients exhibited higher blood Pb levels than controls (median 3.1 μg/dL vs. 2.38 μg/dL, p = 0.01). For all-prostate cancer, the OR of prostate cancer increased by 2.04-fold for every doubling of Pb levels (95% CI = 1.08-3.87, p = 0.03). The OR was also significantly elevated when comparing the third quartile (Q3) to the lowest quartile (Q1), with ORs ranging from 3.38 to 7.95, depending on model (p < 0.05). Blood Pb levels maintained a positive association with inconsistent significance for post-prostate cancer patients. For Cd and Hg, no statistically significant association was established. SIGNIFICANCE By linking two national health databases for the first time, we constructed an unbiased database of prostate cancer cases and matching controls. We found that blood Pb concentrations were associated with the risk of prostate cancer in Korean men at the current level of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonju Nam
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chemicals Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ejin Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inae Lee
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinje Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Fang Y, Chen C, Chen X, Song J, Feng S, Li Z, Li Z, Xiong Y, Zhang Q, Su H, Liu H, Zhu G, Hu B, Wang W, Liu Z, Jiao K, Zhang C, Zhang F, Jiang K, He J, Sun Z, Yuan D, Chen W, Zhu J. Exposure to heavy metal elements may significantly increase serum prostate-specific antigen levels with overdosed dietary zinc. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116080. [PMID: 38350215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a primary metric for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Exposure to heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and zinc can impact PSA levels in PCa patients. However, it is unclear whether this effect also occurs in men without PCa, which may lead to the overdiagnosis of PCa. METHOD Data on a total of 5089 American men who had never been diagnosed with PCa were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey performed from 2003-2010. The relationship between serum PSA levels (dependent variable) and concentrations of lead (μmol/L), cadmium (nmol/L), and mercury (μmol/L) were investigated with dietary zinc intake being used as a potential modifier or covariate in a weighted linear regression model and a generalized additive model. A series of bootstrapping analyses were performed to evaluate sensitivity and specificity using these models. RESULTS Regression analyses suggested that, in general, lead, cadmium, or mercury did not show an association with PSA levels, which was consistent with the results of the bootstrapping analyses. However, in a subgroup of participants with a high level of dietary zinc intake (≥14.12 mg/day), a significant positive association between cadmium and serum PSA was identified (1.06, 95% CI, P = 0.0268, P for interaction=0.0249). CONCLUSIONS With high-level zinc intake, serum PSA levels may rise in PCa-free men as the exposure to cadmium increases, leading to a potential risk of an overdiagnosis of PCa and unnecessary treatment. Therefore, environmental variables should be factored in the current diagnostic model for PCa that is solely based on PSA measurements. Different criteria for PSA screening are necessary based on geographical variables. Further investigations are needed to uncover the biological and biochemical relationship between zinc, cadmium, and serum PSA levels to more precisely diagnose PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyi Fang
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550001, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China
| | - Jukun Song
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shuangshuang Feng
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhengnan Li
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yuliang Xiong
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qinyi Zhang
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hao Su
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhangcheng Liu
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Zunyi Medcical University, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ke Jiao
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kehua Jiang
- Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dongbo Yuan
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Weiming Chen
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China.
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550025, China; Urology Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province 550002, China; People's Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou Province, China.
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Environmental Exposure to Metals, Parameters of Oxidative Stress in Blood and Prostate Cancer: Results from Two Cohorts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102044. [PMID: 36290767 PMCID: PMC9598453 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the potential role of exposure to various metal(oid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Pb) in prostate cancer. Two cohorts were established: the Croatian cohort, consisting of 62 cases and 30 controls, and the Serbian cohort, consisting of 41 cases and 61 controls. Blood/serum samples were collected. Levels of investigated metal(oid)s, various parameters of oxidative stress, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were determined in collected samples. A comparison of the measured parameters between 103 prostate cancer patients and 91 control men from both Croatian and Serbian cohorts showed significantly higher blood Hg, SOD, and GPx levels and significantly lower serum SH levels in prostate cancer patients than in controls. Correlation analyses revealed the significant relationship between certain parameters of oxidative stress and the concentrations of the measured metal(loid)s, pointing to the possible role of metal(oid)-induced oxidative stress imbalance. Furthermore, a significant inverse relationship was found between the blood Pb and the serum PSA in prostate cancer patients, but when the model was adjusted for the impacts of remaining parameters, no significant association between the serum PSA and the measured parameters was found. The results of the overall study indicate a substantial contribution of the measured metal(loid)s to the imbalance of the oxidant/antioxidant system. Although somewhat conflicting, the results of the present study point to the possible role of investigated metal(oid)s in prostate cancer, especially for Hg, since the obtained relationship was observed for both cohorts, followed by the disturbances in oxidative stress status, which were found to be correlated with Hg levels. Nevertheless, further studies in larger cohorts are warranted to explain and confirm the obtained results.
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Mitra S, Das R. Health risk assessment of construction workers from trace metals in PM 2.5 from Kolkata, India. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:125-140. [PMID: 33337288 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1860877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Construction activities have long been recognized as a pertinent source of PM2.5 though limited information exists regarding chemical characteristics of aerosols generated during building demolition/construction. A comprehensive investigation was carried out to assess the physical (SEM analysis) and chemical (ICP MS analysis) properties of PM2.5 in a building demolition and construction site and compared with background. Average concentrations of PM2.5 at both the sites exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Overall trend of the total metal concentrations of PM2.5 followed the order of (Na, Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, Zn) > (Ti, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) in both the sites. Sr, Ba, Mg, Zn, Ti, Cd, Al, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, V, Ni, Ca, and Zn showed a ∼1.3-3.0 fold increase, and Pb showed the highest increase of almost >3.5 times when compared to the background concentrations. Health risk estimates based on the bio-available concentration of metals indicated that hazard quotient (HQ) values for non-carcinogenic metals were within the prescribed limit (HQ ≤ 1). However, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the carcinogenic metals Pb, Ni, Cd, and Cr(VI) were higher than the guideline limits of USEPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumick Mitra
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Nduka JK, Kelle HI, Amuka JO. Health risk assessment of cadmium, chromium and nickel from car paint dust from used automobiles at auto-panel workshops in Nigeria. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:449-456. [PMID: 31193556 PMCID: PMC6536459 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fairly used vehicular importation into Nigeria is reputed to be the highest in Africa. Most modern cars/vehicles are fitted with some electronic, electrical devices and mechanical components that contain heavy metals. Due to prevailing economic hardship and the fact that new vehicles are out of reach of average Nigerians, the vehicles are taken to the automobile workshops for total overhaul and refurbishing. Metal values of soil from all the workshops were higher than that of paint dust matrix, this can be attributed to the fact that as vehicles are repaired and taken away, more are brought into the workshops for repair. For cadmium and chromium, children are marginally at risk of cancer than adult through ingestion, while dermal contact does not pose any serious threat.
Nigeria’s economic problems which inhibited local production has resulted in massive importation of used automobiles. Most of these automobiles need some repairs and reworking, having outlived their lifespan in the manufacturer’s country. This study centers on the human carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of cadmium, chromium and nickel exposures from reworking of imported used vehicles. Scraped car paint dusts from 56 Japanese made cars were collected from 8 different panel beating (body works) workshops (A–H) in Southeastern Nigeria. They were homogenized, mixed, divided into fine particles, filtered and digested by standard method. The filtrates were assayed for cadmium, chromium and nickel with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS, 200A), workshops F and D have the highest concentration (mg/kg) of Cd (3.58 ± 0.02) and (3.36 ± 0.04) and higher than levels in workshops A, B, C, E, G and H. Chromium (mg/kg) in workshops F and G were (2.87 ± 0.04) and (2.95 ± 0.06) and higher than the other workshops. Nickel in workshop A (3.84 ± 0.04) is close to other workshop values. The highest hazard quotients for adults were cadmium in workshops B (1.37E-01), D (1.69E-01), E (1.79E-01) (inhalation), chromium [workshops G (5.45E-02), F (5.29E-02) and C (5.24E-02) inhalation]. Nickel -workshop A (5.9E-03) for children (inhalation). HQ in children through ingestion is cadmium (3.72E-04) workshop F and ingestion- 3.21E-01(workshop F) while nickel is 1.06E-02 (workshop A).The highest cancer risks were in exponents -4,-7 and -8 (adult) and -3, -6 and -9 (children) for workshops A–H through inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact, exposures to scrap car paint dust may be of significant public health importance in Nigeria as it can add to body burden of some carcinogenic heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Kanayochukwu Nduka
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Pure and Industrial Chemistry Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Henrietta Ijeoma Kelle
- Department of Pure and Applied Science, Faculty of Sciences National Open University, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Johnpaul Onyenezi Amuka
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Research Unit, Pure and Industrial Chemistry Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
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Chang WH, Lee CC, Yen YH, Chen HL. Oxidative damage in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer co-exposed to phthalates and to trace elements. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:1179-1184. [PMID: 30808488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that prostates exposed to environmental endocrine disruptors and trace metals will cause adverse health outcomes. We assessed the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and serum trace metal levels, and oxidative damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, prostate cancer (PCa) patients, and healthy controls. Levels of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) were significantly higher in BPH patients than in controls, and mercury (Hg) was highest in PCa patients. An Hg level >1 μg/L posed a significant risk (OR: 42.86, 95% CI: 1.092-1684) for PCa, but a zinc (Zn) level >1 μg/L was marginally negative (OR: 0.979, 95% CI: 0.957-1.002). We also found strong associations between PCa and mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP), and between BPH and mono-isodecyl phthalate (MiDP), malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were significantly higher in PCa and BPH patients than in controls; 8‑hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‑OH‑dG) and DNA strand breakage were highest in BPH patients and lowest in controls. When the prostate was simultaneously co-exposed to phthalates and trace metals, phthalates had a less significant effect on PCa and BPH. Thus, we hypothesize that, for patients with prostate disease, exposure to trace metals is more significant than is exposure to phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiung Chang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances Research Center, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Lee
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances Research Center, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-He Yen
- Department of Urology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Food Safety/Hygiene and Risk Management, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances Research Center, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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7
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Neslund-Dudas CM, McBride RB, Kandegedara A, Rybicki BA, Kryvenko ON, Chitale D, Gupta N, Williamson SR, Rogers CG, Cordon-Cardo C, Rundle AG, Levin AM, Dou QP, Mitra B. Association between cadmium and androgen receptor protein expression differs in prostate tumors of African American and European American men. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 48:233-238. [PMID: 29773186 PMCID: PMC5985809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a known carcinogen that has been implicated in prostate cancer, but how it affects prostate carcinogenesis in humans remains unclear. Evidence from basic science suggests that cadmium can bind to the androgen receptor causing endocrine disruption. The androgen receptor is required for normal prostate development and is the key driver of prostate cancer progression. In this study, we examined the association between cadmium content and androgen receptor protein expression in prostate cancer tissue of African American (N = 22) and European American (N = 30) men. Although neither overall tumor cadmium content (log transformed) nor androgen receptor protein expression level differed by race, we observed a race-cadmium interaction with regard to androgen receptor expression (P = 0.003) even after accounting for age at prostatectomy, smoking history, and Gleason score. African American men had a significant positive correlation between tumor tissue cadmium content and androgen receptor expression (Pearson correlation = 0.52, P = 0.013), while European Americans showed a non-significant negative correlation between the two (Pearson correlation = -0.19, P = 0.31). These results were unchanged after further accounting for tissue zinc content or dietary zinc or selenium intake. African American cases with high-cadmium content (>median) in tumor tissue had more than double the androgen receptor expression (0.021 vs. 0.008, P = 0.014) of African American men with low-cadmium level. No difference in androgen receptor expression was observed in European Americans by cadmium level (high 0.015 vs. low 0.011, P = 0.30). Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and if upheld, determine the biologic mechanism by which cadmium increases androgen receptor protein expression in a race-dependent manner. Our results suggest that cadmium may play a role in race disparities observed in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Neslund-Dudas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
| | - Russell B McBride
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Ashoka Kandegedara
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Benjamin A Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Oleksandr N Kryvenko
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Urology and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1400 NW 12th Avenue, East Bldg, 4th Floor, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Dhananjay Chitale
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, United States
| | - Nilesh Gupta
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, United States
| | - Sean R Williamson
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, United States
| | - Craig G Rogers
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Department of Urology, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI, 48202, United States
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Albert M Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States; Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System, One Ford Place, Suite 5C, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, and Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI, 48201, United States
| | - Bharati Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
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Andreucci A, Mocevic E, Jönsson BAG, Giwercman A, Giwercman YL, Toft G, Lundh T, Bizzaro D, Specht IO, Bonde JP. Cadmium may impair prostate function as measured by prostate specific antigen in semen: A cross-sectional study among European and Inuit men. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 53:33-8. [PMID: 25660730 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between cadmium in blood and the concentration of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) in semen, including the modifying effects of zinc or the CAG polymorphism in the androgen receptor (AR). Blood and semen samples were collected from 504 partners of pregnant women in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. We found an inverse trend between cadmium and PSA (log(β) = -0.121, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.213; -0.029, P = 0.0103) in Greenlandic men. Similar results were observed in men with a high number of CAG repeats (CAG 24) (log(β) = -0.231, 95% CI: -0.363; -0.098, P = 0.0009). Inverse trends between cadmium and PSA were found when semen zinc concentrations were below the median value for men from Ukraine and Greenland. These outcomes suggest that cadmium may impair prostate function, as measured by PSA in semen, while high zinc levels and a low number of CAG repeats protects against this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Andreucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Emina Mocevic
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2400 København NV, Denmark
| | - Bo A G Jönsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malmö University Hospital, SE 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Gunnar Toft
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Davide Bizzaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ina Olmer Specht
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2400 København NV, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2400 København NV, Denmark
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El-Atta HMA, El-Bakary AA, Attia AM, Lotfy A, Khater SS, Elsamanoudy AZ, Abdalla HA. DNA fragmentation, caspase 3 and prostate-specific antigen genes expression induced by arsenic, cadmium, and chromium on nontumorigenic human prostate cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 162:95-105. [PMID: 25227780 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Metals are recognized as chemical carcinogens where chronic exposures to such metals are implicated in the development of cancer, including prostate cancer. This in vitro study demonstrates the relative death sensitivity of prostatic (RWPE-1) cells to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr) as environmental pollutants through its apoptotic effects and the effect of these chemicals on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene expression as a marker for their carcinogecity. RWPE-1 cells were divided into three groups that were treated with As, Cd, and Cr in three replicates, at three different concentrations for each metal for 48 h. A control group consisted of untreated RWPE1 cells was used. Apoptosis was assessed using comet assay and caspase 3 gene expression; meanwhile, PSA gene expression was evaluated by semiqualitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). One of the novel findings of this study is that arsenic and cadmium at low concentrations decreased apoptosis of RWPE-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner while chromium induced significant concentration-dependent increase in apoptosis. Yet, at the highest concentrations, apoptosis was relatively more induced by all chemicals. Arsenic was the most chemical inhibiting apoptosis in RWPE-1 cells at low concentration. While at the moderate and highest concentrations, cadmium was the most inhibiting chemical of RWPE-1 cells' apoptosis. No distinct differences between treated and untreated cells for PSA gene expression were observed. It can be concluded that As and Cd, at low concentrations, can reduce apoptosis of prostatic cells in a concentration-dependent manner while chromium induced it; however, all metal salts used in this study did not induce PSA gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend M Abo El-Atta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Qayyum MA, Shah MH. Comparative study of trace elements in blood, scalp hair and nails of prostate cancer patients in relation to healthy donors. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 162:46-57. [PMID: 25231348 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common fatal cancers in men, and exposure to toxic elements is the most important factor in the aetiology for prostate cancer. Selected elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were analyzed in the blood, scalp hair and nails of prostate cancer patients and counterpart healthy donors by atomic absorption spectrometry. Average concentrations of Cd, Mn, Ni and Pb were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the blood, scalp hair and nails of the patients compared with those of the healthy subjects who exhibited significantly higher concentrations of Zn. The correlation study revealed significantly diverse relationships of the elements in the blood, scalp hair and nails of the two donor groups. Variations in the elemental concentrations were also noted for various types of prostate cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma), as well as for different stages of the cancer. Multivariate apportionment of trace elements in the blood, scalp hair and nails of the patients was also significantly different than that in the healthy donors. The study evidenced considerably divergent variations in the elemental concentrations in prostate cancer patients in comparison with healthy subjects.
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11
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Feki-Tounsi M, Olmedo P, Gil F, Khlifi R, Mhiri MN, Rebai A, Hamza-Chaffai A. Cadmium in blood of Tunisian men and risk of bladder cancer: interactions with arsenic exposure and smoking. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:7204-7213. [PMID: 23673919 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Prior investigations identified an association between low-level blood arsenic (As) and bladder cancer risk among Tunisian men but questions remain regarding confounding by cadmium (Cd), a well-established bladder carcinogen. A case-control study of Tunisian men was re-examined to assess the levels of cadmium in blood and reparse the association between the simultaneous exposure to these metals and bladder cancer risk. Levels of blood Cd were significantly twice higher among cases than in controls (P<0.05) and were positively correlated with smoking and age. Additionally, analysis of metal levels among non-smokers according to the region of residence showed very high blood Cd and As levels for the coastal regions of Sfax and central Tunisia. After controlling for potential confounders, for low blood As levels (<0.67 μg/L), the OR for blood Cd was 4.10 (95 % CI 1.64-10.81), while for higher levels (>0.67 μg/L), it was reduced to 2.10 (CI, 1.06-4.17). Adjustment for Cd exposure did not alter the risk associated to As exposure. This study is the first to report the relationship between Cd exposure and risk of bladder cancer occurrence in interaction with smoking and As exposure. Smoking is shown to be the main exposure source to Cd in the Tunisian population but also environmental pollution seems to be responsible of Cd exposure among non-smokers. Exposure assessment studies encompassing a wider population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molka Feki-Tounsi
- Unit of Marine and Environmental Toxicology. IPEIS, University of Sfax, BP 805, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia,
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12
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Ciarrocca M, Capozzella A, Tomei F, Tomei G, Caciari T. Exposure to cadmium in male urban and rural workers and effects on FSH, LH and testosterone. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 90:2077-84. [PMID: 23290941 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the relationship between exposure to cadmium and circulating reproductive hormone levels in urban and rural male workers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urinary cadmium, blood cadmium, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone were obtained from 86 non-smoking traffic policemen and 86 subjects working as roadmen in a rural area. All subjects were monitored to evaluate airborne exposure to cadmium. RESULTS The mean value of exposure to cadmium was 1.3 ng m(-3) in traffic policemen, while the mean value was less than 0.5 ng m(-3) in roadmen. The mean concentrations of urinary cadmium (1.4 vs. 0.9 μg g(-1) creatinine; p=0.001), blood cadmium (1.1 vs. 0.7 μg l(-1); p=0.000), FSH (2.6 vs. 3.2 μlU ml(-1); p=0.02) and LH (2.6 vs. 3.1 μlU ml(-1); p=0.03) were significantly different between traffic policemen and roadmen. No differences were found in the mean values of testosterone between the two groups. Multiple linear regression models showed associations between (a) urinary cadmium, airborne cadmium, working life, job category and consumption of water from water supply (b) blood cadmium, airborne cadmium and job category (c) the values of FSH and age, working life, job category, urinary cadmium and blood cadmium (d) the values of LH and both the age and working life. CONCLUSION The above results must be confirmed by further studies, but they indicate the influence of exposure to the cadmium present in urban air on the circulating FSH, even at low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ciarrocca
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Jain RB. Effect of pregnancy on the levels of urinary metals for females aged 17-39 years old: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2013; 76:86-97. [PMID: 23294297 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2013.738171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination survey for the years 2003-2010 were used (n = 1565) to evaluate the effect of age, parity, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, pregnancy, iron (Fe) storage status, smoking status, and fish/shellfish consumption on the levels of urine barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cesium (Cs), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), thallium (TI), tungsten (W), uranium (U), and mercury (Hg) for females aged 17-39 yr old. Regression analysis was used to fit models for each of the 11 metals. For Cd, Cs, TI, and Hg, age was positively associated with levels of these metals. Body mass index was negatively associated with levels of Cs, Co, and TI. Levels of Co, Mo, and W increased over the period 2003-2010. Over the same period, levels of Pb, Sb, and Hg declined. Non-Hispanic blacks showed lower levels of almost all metals compared to either Mexican American or other unclassified race/ethnicities. Non-Hispanic whites displayed higher levels than non-Hispanic blacks for 9 of 11 metals. Smokers displayed significantly higher levels of Pb, Sb, W, and U than nonsmokers but significantly lower levels of Cd and Mo than nonsmokers. Pregnancy was found to be associated with higher levels of Ba, Cs, Co, Mo, Pb, W, and Hg compared to nonpregnant females. Levels of Mo, Cs, and Cd declined significantly during the pregnancy period but levels of Co rose during the same period.
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Ju YR, Chen WY, Liao CM. Assessing human exposure risk to cadmium through inhalation and seafood consumption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 227-228:353-361. [PMID: 22677056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of cadmium (Cd) bioaccessibility in risk assessment is less well studied. The aim of this study was to assess human health risk to Cd through inhalation and seafood consumption by incorporating bioaccessibility. The relationships between trophically available Cd and bioaccessibility were constructed based on available experimental data. We estimated Cd concentrations in human urine and blood via daily intake from seafood consumption and inhalation based on a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model. A Hill-based dose-response model was used to assess human renal dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease risks for long-term Cd exposure. Here we showed that fish had higher bioaccessibility (~83.7%) than that of shellfish (~73.2%) for human ingestion. Our results indicated that glomerular and tubular damage among different genders and smokers ranged from 18.03 to 18.18%. Our analysis showed that nonsmokers had 50% probability of peripheral arterial disease level exceeding from 3.28 to 8.80%. Smoking populations had 2-3 folds higher morbidity risk of peripheral arterial disease than those of nonsmokers. Our study concluded that the adverse effects of Cd exposure are exacerbated when high seafood consumption coincides with cigarette smoking. Our work provides a framework that could more accurately address risk dose dependency of Cd hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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