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Aendo P, De Garine-Wichatitsky M, Mingkhwan R, Senachai K, Santativongchai P, Krajanglikit P, Tulayakul P. Potential Health Effects of Heavy Metals and Carcinogenic Health Risk Estimation of Pb and Cd Contaminated Eggs from a Closed Gold Mine Area in Northern Thailand. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182791. [PMID: 36140919 PMCID: PMC9498197 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold-mining activities have been demonstrated to result in significant environmental pollution by Hg, Pb, and Mn, causing serious concerns regarding the potential threat to the public health of neighboring populations around the world. The present study focused on heavy-metal contamination in the eggs, blood, feed, soil, and drinking water on chicken farms, duck farms, and free-grazing duck farms located in areas < 25 km and > 25 km away from a gold mine in northern Thailand. In an area < 25 km away, Hg, Pb, and Mn concentrations in the eggs of free-grazing ducks were significantly higher than > 25 km away (p < 0.05). In blood, Hg concentration in free-grazing ducks was also significantly higher than those in an area > 25 km away (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the Pb concentration in the blood of farm ducks was significantly higher than in an area > 25 km away (p < 0.05). The concentration of Cd in drinking water on chicken farms was significantly higher for farms located within 25 km of the gold mine (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a high correlation was shown between the Pb (r2 = 0.84) and Cd (r2 = 0.42) found between drinking water and blood in free-grazing ducks in the area < 25 km away. Therefore, health risk from heavy-metal contamination was inevitably avoided in free-grazing activity near the gold mine. The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in the population of both Pb and Cd exceeded the cancer limit (10−4) for all age groups in both areas, which was particularly high in the area < 25 km for chicken-egg consumption, especially among people aged 13−18 and 18−35 years old. Based on these findings, long-term surveillance regarding human and animal health risk must be strictly operated through food chains and an appropriate control plan for poultry businesses roaming around the gold mine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Aendo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Michel De Garine-Wichatitsky
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- ASTRE, University Montpellier, CIRAD (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development), INRAE (French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment), 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Rachaneekorn Mingkhwan
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Pitchaya Santativongchai
- Bio-Veterinary Science (International Program), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Praphaphan Krajanglikit
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Phitsanu Tulayakul
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
- Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Dahmardeh Behrooz R, Burger J. Heavy Metals in the Liver, Kidney, Brain, and Muscle: Health Risk Assessment for the Consumption of Edible Parts of Birds from the Chahnimeh Reservoirs Sistan (Iran). Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4098-4113. [PMID: 34735689 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of four heavy metals, zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and cadmium (Cd), were determined in the liver, kidney, muscle, and brain of nine species of birds from the Chahnimeh Sistan from Iran to assess the metal levels and the potential risk to birds and to the people who eat them. Significantly higher levels of all metals were found in the brain than in the other tissues of other birds. There were no significant gender differences in heavy metals in all tissue. The levels of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn in the liver and kidney varied as a function of feeding habitats; the median levels were significantly higher in invertebrate predators than they were for fish predators and omnivorous species. Short-distance migrant birds had significantly higher median levels of heavy metals in the liver and kidney than long-distance migrant birds. Ni levels in the liver and kidney tissues in 56% of birds were higher than the critical threshold levels for effects in birds. Our data indicate that environmental exposures to metals were higher in the wintering populations of birds in the Chahnimeh of Sistan from Iran than elsewhere. Concentrations of Zn, Pb, and Cd in a small percentage of birds were above toxicity levels. However, 56% of liver and kidney samples for nickel were above toxicity levels. Determining the exposure frequency and daily intake of birds, the hazard quotient for edible tissues (kidney, liver, and muscle) of these birds showed that their consumption may provide health risk to people consuming them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan, Iran.
| | - Joanna Burger
- Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8082, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Kucharska K, Binkowski ŁJ, Dudzik K. Spatial and temporal trends in mercury levels in the down of black stork chicks in central Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116571. [PMID: 33540253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Piscivorous avian species may be affected by mercury (Hg) which tends to accumulate in aquatic environments and biomagnifies across the food webs. One of such species is the black stork, whose population increase recently slowed down due to unknown reasons. At the same time Hg contamination and its effects were almost unaudited for this species, so it may have exerted deleterious effects on the population and an evaluation is necessary. This is the first study of this species concerning Hg contamination. Thus, Hg concentrations were investigated in the down of black stork chicks (N = 90) from breeding locations in central and southern Poland (Europe) between 2015 and 2017. As well as Hg levels, morphometric parameters and age were evaluated. Mean Hg concentrations reached 0.7 μg/g d.w. and differed significantly between years, from the lowest value noted in 2017 (mean 0.5 μg/g), through 2016 (0.7 μg/g), to the highest one in 2015 (0.9 μg/g), and between nest locations where higher Hg levels were generally found in northern parts of the study area. Hg concentrations were also unrelated to morphometric parameters. Contrarily, morphometric parameters revealed high correlations between themselves, which was confirmed by the cluster analysis (revealing only two clusters) and principal component analysis (the first PC explained 96.8% of the variance). Hg levels in the down of black storks were rather low with the fluctuation between years and nest locations probably caused by parental exposure during wintering, migration, pre-breeding season and recent exposure through food provided by parents. Such low Hg concentrations seemed not to affect the population from the region studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kucharska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Dudzik
- Eagle Conservation Committee, Niepodległości 53/55, 10-044, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Aendo P, Netvichian R, Khaodhiar S, Thongyuan S, Songserm T, Tulayakul P. Pb, Cd, and Cu Play a Major Role in Health Risk from Contamination in Duck Meat and Offal for Food Production in Thailand. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:243-252. [PMID: 31933282 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Zinc, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe, Cr, and Cu levels in duck meat from large-scale farms have been found to be significantly higher than those from free-grazing duck farms. Zinc, Co, Mn, Cr, and Cu contamination levels in duck liver from large-scale farms were significantly higher than those from free-grazing farms; only Cd in duck liver from free-grazing farms was higher than in liver samples from large-scale farms at P < 0.05. Lead, Cd, Fe, and Cr levels in duck intestine samples from free-grazing farms were higher than large-scale farms at P < 0.001. Moreover, the average concentrations of Pb in duck meat and liver samples from large-scale farms and Cd levels in duck liver samples from free-grazing farm also exceeded the FAO/WHO and Codex Alimentarius limits by 100% (55/55), 100% (54/54), and 67.6% (23/34), respectively. PCA analysis showed a strong positive relationship between the eight metals in meat, liver, and intestine was > 0.69, > 0.69, and > 0.72, in order. The relationship of the liver combined with the intestine was > 0.65. This study indicated that consumers may incur health risks from long-term consumption of duck due to high Pb and Cd concentrations from both types of farms, particularly from large-scale duck farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Aendo
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Ramnaree Netvichian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Sutha Khaodhiar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Suporn Thongyuan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Thaweesak Songserm
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Phitsanu Tulayakul
- Center for Duck Health Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
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Zhuang J, Nie G, Yang F, Dai X, Cao H, Xing C, Hu G, Zhang C. Cadmium induces cytotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis pathway in duck renal tubular epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104625. [PMID: 31419506 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a well studied nephrotoxic metal element. To investigate the effects of Cd-induced cytotoxicity on oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in primary renal tubular epithelial cells of duck. Shaoxing duck (Anas platyrhyncha) renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured in medium in absence and presence of 3CdSO4·8H2O (1.25, 2.5, 5.0 μM Cd), in N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) (100 μM), and the combination of Cd and NAC for 12 h. After 12 h exposure, morphologic observation and function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, antioxidant indices, the activity of ATPase, intracellular pH and [Ca2+]i, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis-related genes mRNA were determined. The results showed that Cd exposure could induce release of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), simultaneously, enhance the ROS generation, acidification, malondialdehyde (MDA) and [Ca2+]i, decrease glutathione (GSH), Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities as well as MMP, upregulated Bak-1, Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression, inhibited Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and induced cell apoptosis. The toxicity of Cd to cells showed a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant NAC could efficiently alleviate Cd-induced the cytotoxicity. Taken together, these results suggest that Cd exposure cause cytotoxicity through oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis pathway in duck renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jionghan Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Gaohui Nie
- School of Information Technology, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, No. 665 Yuping West Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xueyan Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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Barrasso R, Ceci E, Stinga L, Tantillo G, Bozzo G. Presence of cadmium residues in muscle, liver and kidney of Bubalus bubalis and histological evidence. Ital J Food Saf 2018; 7:7684. [PMID: 30538963 PMCID: PMC6240833 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2018.7684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) concentrations were evaluated in the samples of kidney, liver and muscle of sixty-six buffaloes regularly slaughtered. Forty were raised in Campania, in the territory between the province of Naples and Caserta and twenty-six were bred in Apulia, in the province of Bari. Two aliquots were prepared for the renal and hepatic samples: one intended for the chemical analysis and the other one intended for histological investigations. Muscle samples were the subject of purely chemical investigation. In the group of forty animals raised in the Campania region, the limits imposed by EC Reg. 1881/2006 and EC Reg. 488/2014 were exceeded in three renal samples, which showed values of 1.53, 1.22 and 1.1 mg/kg respectively; in three hepatic samples, which presented values of 0.72, 0.64 and 0.61 mg/kg, and in five muscle samples, with values of 0.16, 0.16, 0.09, 0.08 and 0.07, respectively. On the other hand, in the group of animals raised and slaughtered in the province of Bari, none of the twenty-six samples examined exceeded the limits imposed by the European regulations. The histological analysis showed typical, but not pathognomonic lesions in the renal samples from the animals raised in the provinces of Naples and Caserta. The levels of Cd contamination found in the samples examined suggest that it would be correct to exclude from the human consumption, as it happens for the equines, the kidney and the liver, especially from the animals raised in some geographical areas with a high rate of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Barrasso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"
| | - Edmondo Ceci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"
| | - Laura Stinga
- Specialization degree in Food Inspection of Animal Origin, Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Bozzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro"
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7
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Sinkakarimi MH, Binkowski LJ, Hassanpour M, Rajaei G, Ahmadpour M, Levengood JM. Metal Concentrations in Tissues of Gadwall and Common Teal from Miankaleh and Gomishan International Wetlands, Iran. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:177-184. [PMID: 29330823 PMCID: PMC6097063 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Miankaleh and Gomishan International Wetlands are important wintering areas for waterbirds in the Caspian Sea region. Previous studies revealed increased exposure to metals in some species of waterbirds using these wetlands. In this study, we examined concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in kidneys, liver, and pectoral muscle of wintering Gadwall (Anas strepera) and Common Teal (Anas crecca) collected in 2012. In addition, we measured concentrations of these elements in water and sediments from the collection sites. The genders differed in only one element/tissue combination, i.e., concentrations of Fe were greater in the livers of males. Concentrations of elements observed in Gadwall were generally higher than in Common Teal; only renal Cr and muscle Zn did not differ between species. Mean Cd concentrations in Gadwall exceeded background levels, reaching 1.94 μg/g ww in kidneys and 1.09 μg/g ww in liver. Similarly, Pb concentrations in Gadwall were also elevated (4.14 μg/g ww in kidneys, 3.22 μg/g ww in liver). Concentrations of other metals were within ranges commonly found in waterfowl. Concentrations of elements in the environment were elevated above background and comparable with the data obtained for this region by other scientists. However, these levels were deemed to not be great enough to pose an acute health risk to waterfowl. Given increased concentrations of some metals in duck tissues, further inquiry into the source of the exposure is needed for this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Hosein Sinkakarimi
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environments, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Department of Environment, Provincial Directorate of Environment Protection, Golestan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Rajaei
- Department of Environmental Science, Natural Resource and Environment Faculty, Birjand University, Birjand, Southern Khorasan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ahmadpour
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jeffrey M Levengood
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
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8
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Berglund ÅMM. Evaluating blood and excrement as bioindicators for metal accumulation in birds. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:1198-1206. [PMID: 29050729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Birds are widely used to assess metal contamination in the environment and there are different approaches to determine the exposure level in individuals, some being destructive (collection of soft tissues) and some non-destructive (blood, feathers and excrement). The use of blood to detect internal concentrations of metals is an acknowledged method, but to what extent blood can predict the concentrations in soft tissues has been less well evaluated in wild terrestrial birds. The same is true for excrements. This study compares the non-destructive methods using blood and excrement with liver sampling, with respect to exposure and accumulation of the elements arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in nestling pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca). Blood, liver and excrement reflected the environmental exposure of non-essential elements and were independent of nestling sex. There were asymptotic relationships between the concentration of arsenic, cadmium and lead in liver and blood, excrement and liver, and excrement and blood, but none for copper or zinc. Those relationships were generally stronger between liver and blood than between excrements and internal concentrations. Lead had the strongest associations for all matrixes. The conclusion is that blood is an appropriate tool to assess accumulation of arsenic, cadmium and especially lead, but that blood can underestimate the accumulation at highly contaminated sites. Excrement can also give an indication of metal accumulation, but may overestimate internal concentrations at high exposure, and individual variability makes direct comparisons between these matrices less appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa M M Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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Wang F, Xu S, Zhou Y, Wang P, Zhang X. Trace element exposure of whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) wintering in a marine lagoon (Swan Lake), northern China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 119:60-67. [PMID: 28392089 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Trace element poisoning remains a great threat to various waterfowl and waterbirds throughout the world. In this study, we determined the trace element exposure of herbivorous whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) wintering in Swan Lake (Rongcheng), an important swan protection area in northern China. A total of 70 samples including abiotic factors (seawater, sediments), food sources (seagrass, macroalgae), feathers and feces of whooper swans were collected from the marine lagoon during the winters of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg and As were determined to investigate the trace element exposure of whooper swans wintering in the area. Results showed that there was an increasing trend in sediment trace element concentrations, compared with historical data. The trace element concentrations in swan feces most closely resembled those of Zostera marina leaves, especially for Cd and Cr. The Zn and Hg concentrations in the swan feces (49.57 and 0.01mg/kg, respectively) were lower than the minimum values reported in the literature for other waterfowls, waterbirds and terrestrial birds. However, the concentrations of the other five trace elements fell within the lower and mediate range of values reported for birds across the world. These results suggest that the whooper swans wintering in Swan Lake, Rongcheng are not suffering severe trace element exposure; however, with the increasing input of trace elements to the lagoon, severe adverse impacts may occur in the future, and we therefore suggest that the input of trace elements to this area should be curbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shaochun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Pengmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Gašparík J, Binkowski ŁJ, Jahnátek A, Šmehýl P, Dobiaš M, Lukáč N, Błaszczyk M, Semla M, Massanyi P. Levels of Metals in Kidney, Liver, and Muscle Tissue and their Influence on the Fitness for the Consumption of Wild Boar from Western Slovakia. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:258-266. [PMID: 27812912 PMCID: PMC5418323 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to environmental pollution, wild animals are exposed to various pollutants. Some game animals, such as wild boars are used by people for food, but their meat is not evaluated regarding pollution transfer, since they are unavailable on the official market. The aim of this paper is to present the concentrations of chosen metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in the kidneys, liver, and muscles of wild boars (n = 40) hunted in eastern Slovakia, as derivatives of physiological distribution and anthropogenic pollution. We found that sex was not a statistically significant factor for metal concentrations. Tissue differences were observed for all the metals studied except for Co. Cd, Cu, and Hg showed the highest median concentrations in kidney tissue with the lowest in muscle tissue (2.73, 3.78, and 0.061 μg/g w.w., respectively). The highest Zn median concentration was noted in the liver tissue with the lowest in muscle tissue. Co and Cu concentrations varied according to the age groups. Correlations between metal concentrations in muscle and kidney tissue were not especially strong; such relationships were not found in liver tissue. Among all the potential relationships of the given metal concentrations between tissues, the only significant relationship, albeit weak, was noted for Pb in muscle and liver tissue. The concentrations found seem not to be extremely high, but according to EU maximum permitted residue levels for Cd and Pb concentrations in meat, none of the samples studied was fully fit for human consumption. TWI and risk was also excessive for both metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Gašparík
- Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Łukasz J. Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrej Jahnátek
- Department of Economics, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Peter Šmehýl
- Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Milan Dobiaš
- Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Lukáč
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martyna Błaszczyk
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Semla
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland
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Aloupi M, Karagianni A, Kazantzidis S, Akriotis T. Heavy Metals in Liver and Brain of Waterfowl from the Evros Delta, Greece. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 72:215-234. [PMID: 28074227 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-016-0349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of six heavy metals (cadmium [Cd], chromium [Cr], copper [Cu], manganese [Mn], lead [Pb], and zinc [Zn]) were determined in liver and brain of nine species of waterfowl from the Evros Delta, one of the most important wetlands in Greece, to assess metal contamination and potential risk to waterfowl. Significant differences among species were found for hepatic Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn; the highest levels of all metals were found in liver of mute swans. Cd increased significantly with age in both organs of wigeon; some differences were also observed between males and females of the same species. Feeding habits were found to significantly affect hepatic Cr, Zn, and Cu concentrations with greater concentrations found in herbivorous than omnivorous species. Several significant positive correlations between metals were detected mainly in liver samples, which were attributable either to their association to metallothioneins or to common routes of exposure of waterfowl. Hepatic and cerebral concentrations of Cd and Pb correlated positively. Given the discrepancies in the thresholds or critical levels of metals in tissues of waterfowl, our survey showed that environmental exposure to increased levels of heavy metals may threaten, at least to some degree, the populations of waterfowl wintering in the Evros Delta. In a small percentage of birds, values indicative of severe adverse effects were determined. Swans that had been found dead showed some of the highest values, whereas accumulation levels did not follow a consistent pattern among the ducks examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aloupi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of the Aegean, 81100, Mytilene, Greece.
| | - Asimina Karagianni
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of the Aegean, 81100, Mytilene, Greece
| | - Savas Kazantzidis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Forest Research Institute, Vassilika, 57006, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Kovacik A, Arvay J, Tusimova E, Harangozo L, Tvrda E, Zbynovska K, Cupka P, Andrascikova S, Tomas J, Massanyi P. Seasonal variations in the blood concentration of selected heavy metals in sheep and their effects on the biochemical and hematological parameters. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:365-371. [PMID: 27810536 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess the concentration of various heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg) in the blood of sheep, followed by biochemical and hematological analysis in order to reveal possible associations. Blood was collected in two different seasons: winter (fed by fodder) and spring (grazing animals). The higher concentrations of Pb (p < 0.01), Cu (p < 0.05) and Hg, but lower of Cd and Zn were found in spring. Evaluation of the biochemical and hematological parameters during different seasons showed a possible environmental effect on the health of animals. A statistically significant increase of Ca (p < 0.001), Mg (p < 0.05), urea (p < 0.001), TP (p < 0.05), glucose (p < 0.01), AST (p < 0.001), ALT (p < 0.001), ALP (p < 0.01), cholesterol (p < 0.001), bilirubin (p < 0.05), triglycerides (p < 0.001) and a decrease of P (p < 0.05), HGB (p < 0.05), MCHC (p < 0.05) and RDWc (p < 0.05) in spring was detected. The results of this study showed statistically significant correlations between Pb and ALP (r = 0.53) level in winter and between Pb and Ca (r = -0.73) in the spring. The hematological analysis revealed a significant correlation between Zn and RBC (r = 0.61), MCV (r = -0.74), MCH (r = -0.71) and between Pb and MCH (r = -0.55), PCT (r = -0.66), PDWC (r = -0.55) in the winter. A high positive significant correlations were found between Cd and RDWC (r = 0.77) and Cu and RDWC (r = 0.75). The significance of this work is the use the data in the preventive diagnosis of metabolic and production diseases. The collected data may serve as a control indicator to detect toxic hazards related to the heavy metal occurrence on animal health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kovacik
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Julius Arvay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Eva Tusimova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lubos Harangozo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Eva Tvrda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Katarina Zbynovska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Cupka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Stefania Andrascikova
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Care, University of Presov, 17th November Street 15, 08001 Presov, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jan Tomas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Massanyi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
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Ahmadpour M, Lan-Hai L, Ahmadpour M, Hoseini SH, Mashrofeh A, Binkowski ŁJ. Mercury concentration in the feathers of birds from various trophic levels in Fereydunkenar International wetland (Iran). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:666. [PMID: 27838877 PMCID: PMC5107202 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is one of the main global pollutants that may biomagnify in food nets, especially in wetlands. Birds may be useful in the biomonitoring of Hg in such habitats and may even serve in vivo samples. This paper examined Hg concentration in the feathers of seven bird species foraging on Fereydunkenar International wetland (in 2013). Mean Hg concentrations found ranged from 0.005 ± 0.002 μg g-1 d.w. (dry weight) (Common hoopoe) to 0.38 ± 0.047 μg g-1 d.w. (Greylag goose). Significant differences in Hg concentrations were noted between bird species as well as between trophic levels (one-way ANOVAs, p < 0.001). The decrease in mean Hg concentration in feathers was as follows: Greylag goose > Northern pintail ≥ Gadwall ≥ Mallard > Eurasian bittern ≥ Little bittern > Common hoopoe. The position in the trophic chain significantly influenced Hg concentrations, which were the highest in omnivorous species. Hg concentrations may also depend on migration routes and breeding habitats, but the evaluation of the exposure exceeds the ambit of this paper. The Hg concentrations found generally were low, lower than the safe thresholds reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Ahmadpour
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Li Lan-Hai
- College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mohsen Ahmadpour
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 4913815739, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Hoseini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Malayer, Malayer, 6751995863, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Mashrofeh
- Environmental Forensic Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource, Tarbiat Modares University, 64414-356, Noor, Iran
| | - Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054, Krakow, Poland.
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Binkowski ŁJ, Merta D, Przystupińska A, Sołtysiak Z, Pacoń J, Stawarz R. Levels of metals in kidney, liver and muscle tissue and their relation to the occurrence of parasites in the red fox in the Lower Silesian Forest in Europe. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 149:161-167. [PMID: 26855220 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Together with the occurrence of parasites, increased concentrations of xenobiotics, to which scavengers are greatly exposed, may significantly influence the physiology of red foxes. It is also suspected that these two factors interact. The accumulation of various metals (Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in kidney, liver and muscle tissue was investigated, as well as the occurrence of parasites, and the potential link to the presence of metals. Generally speaking, neither sex nor age influenced these concentrations. K, Mg and Fe were found in the highest concentrations and Hg was found in the lowest. Various relationships between the concentrations of metals were observed in the tissues. 34% of the specimens studied were hosts to parasites. No clear, significant connection between the concentrations and the occurrence of parasites was noted, but the discernible trend confirmed by the logistic regression, needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Dorota Merta
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Przystupińska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Zenon Sołtysiak
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Pacoń
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Robert Stawarz
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Krakow, Poland.
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Binkowski ŁJ, Przystupińska A, Wojtaś W. Levels of Total Mercury in Tissues of Mallard Drakes from Industrialized Wetlands Area. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:173-8. [PMID: 26408030 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of total mercury in the bodies of drake mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) inhabiting an industrialized wetland area in southern Poland was studied. The median Hg concentration in tissue of various bones (0.017 µg/g w.w.) was statistically lower than the concentration found in muscle tissue (0.023 µg/g w.w.) and in internal organ tissue samples calculated across the whole range of organ types (0.036 µg/g w.w.). The median concentrations in muscle tissue and organ tissue were comparable. Significant differences within the examined bones were observed, with the beak accumulating the highest amount (0.105 µg/g w.w.). Concentrations were comparable in tissue from various muscles, whereas internal organ tissue displayed a significant variation. The highest median concentration was detected in the kidneys (0.109 µg/g w.w.). Correlations of Hg concentrations between major groups of tissue (i.e. bone, muscle and internal organs) were not statistically significant, but several significant relationships were noted between internal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Przystupińska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054, Kraków, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Wojtaś
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054, Kraków, Poland
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Karimi MHS, Hassanpour M, Pourkhabbaz AR, Błaszczyk M, Paluch J, Binkowski ŁJ. Trace element concentrations in feathers of five Anseriformes in the south of the Caspian Sea, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:22. [PMID: 26661958 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-5015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Birds are susceptible to environmental changes, which make them particularly important as indicators of environmental contamination, including metal concentrations. In the present study, the concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) in the tail and flight feathers of greylag goose, mallard, pintail, pochard, and wigeon were investigated from the south of the Caspian Sea in Iran by the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) method. The trend of metal concentrations in both types of feathers of all the examined species was as follows: Fe < Zn < Mn < Cd ∼ Cr ∼ Ni ∼ Pb < As. The interspecies variation in concentrations of almost all the studied metals was observed, as well as the significant differences between feather types. The only exception was Ni, the medians of which were comparable in tail and primaries. Correlations of concentrations of Cd, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in primaries and tail feathers were positive and statistically significant. Elevated concentrations of Cd, Cr, Mn, and Pb were noted so the possibility of environmental contamination of the area is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Department of Environment, Provincial Directorate of Environment Protection, Golestan, Iran
| | - Ali-Reza Pourkhabbaz
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
| | - Martyna Błaszczyk
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Paluch
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Krakow, Poland
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Binkowski ŁJ, Rzonca B. Seasonal Variation of Lead in Fish Pond Waters of High Hunting Activity Area and Relation to Metals and Ions. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2014; 225:2217. [PMID: 25419011 PMCID: PMC4234821 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-014-2217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such as industry, agriculture, and daily life are related to metal pollution of the environment. Places known of the highest impact are fishponds where intensive fish farming is believed to input a significant amount of various elements to water. Additionally, many studies suspect wetland hunting activity of water lead pollution. The present paper aims to check if hunting is a significant source of lead (Pb) in water as well as to study the temporal trends of numerous parameters (pH, SEC, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH4+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, F-) in ponds (n = 48) and inflow (n = 24) waters near Zator in southern Poland, Europe. Most concentrations were measured with ion chromatography and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Lead concentrations in pond waters were low and found not to be linked with hunting activity, as well as they did not differ from the ones found in the inflow water. Moreover, it could be stated that activities led on ponds did not enrich rivers in the studied ions and elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz J. Binkowski
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Rzonca
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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