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Li Y, Yao S, Dong X, Fan Y, Ma X, Zhu B, Chang M. Preparation of a Lignin-Based Cationic Flocculant and Its Application in Kaolin Suspension Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1131. [PMID: 38675049 PMCID: PMC11054052 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The preparation of an environmentally friendly and efficient flocculant for solid-liquid separation in industrial wastewater is highly important. In this study, a novel cationic flocculant (AL-g-PAMA) was synthesized by a thermal initiation method using alkali lignin (AL) as the main chain and acrylamide (AM) and methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) as the grafted side chains. The structure, thermal stability, and surface morphology of the copolymers were investigated by various characterization methods. The results indicated the successful synthesis of AL-g-PAMA. AL-g-PAMA was applied to improve solid-liquid separation in kaolin suspensions. The results showed that AL-g-PAMA had excellent flocculation-sedimentation and dewatering efficiency. When the dosage of AL-g-PAMA #5 was 600.0 g/t(s), the thickness of the compressed layer was 2.2 cm, the floc settling velocity was 24.1 cm/min, and the transmittance of the supernatant was 84.0%. The moisture content of the filter cake decreased from 55.0% to 43.4% after treatment with AL-g-PAMA #5. The results of zeta potential and focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) analysis indicated that bridging and electroneutralization were the main flocculation mechanisms. Therefore, this study extends the potential for using lignin as a bioflocculant and provides a feasible approach to efficiently purify high-turbidity wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Suling Yao
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xianshu Dong
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yuping Fan
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100160, China
| | - Benkang Zhu
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ming Chang
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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2
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Jiang J, Zou Y, Sun Q, Liu S, Sun M, Zheng H, Li H. Copolymers functionalized with quaternary ammonium compounds under template chain exhibit simultaneously efficient bactericidal and flocculation properties: Characterization, performance and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133476. [PMID: 38232546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In this work, novel multifunctional cationic template copolymers with flocculation and sterilization capabilities were synthesized using a low-pressure ultraviolet (LP-UV) template polymerization method for the removal of kaolin and Escherichia coli (E. coli) from water. The influence of template agents on the structural performance of the copolymers was evaluated through characterization, which showed that template copolymer TPADM possesses a higher cationic charge density and a more complex rough surface, contributing to better flocculation performance than that of the non-template copolymer CPADM. Under optimal experimental conditions, TPADM-1 exhibited removal rates of 98.45% for kaolin and 99% for E. coli (OD600 =0.04), marginally outperforming the non-template copolymer. Simultaneously, TPADM-1 produced good adaptability to kaolin and E. coli wastewater in terms of wide pH, speculating that charge neutralization, adsorption bridging, patching, and sweeping simultaneously dominate the flocculation mechanism. Interestingly, SEM and 3D-EEM analysis confirm that the sterilization of E. coli occurs through two distinct functions: initially adsorption followed by subsequent cell membrane rupture and leakage of cellular contents, ultimately leading to cell death. This research further confirms the feasibility of the designed novel multifunctional copolymers for achieving simultaneous disinfection and turbidity removal, demonstrating practical applicability in real water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China
| | - Yuhong Zou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China
| | - Manli Sun
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China.
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Liyang, Jiangsu 213300, PR China.
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3
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Sun N, Sun H, Hu J, Xu S, Shen L, Ma Y. Using a New Fe 3O 4@CPAM Magnetic Flocculant and Microwave to Demulsify Heavy Oil-in-Water Emulsions. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9202-9215. [PMID: 38434822 PMCID: PMC10906032 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In this study, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) Fe3O4@CPAM were synthesized for treating heavy O/W emulsions. This Fe3O4@CPAM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) techniques, and its synergistic performances with microwaves were evaluated in detail with respect to the microwave radiation power, radiation time, and magnetic nanoparticle concentration. On this basis, the distribution of oil droplets and the wettability and chargeability of magnetic nanoparticles were measured without or with microwave radiation using biomicroscopy, contact angle measurement instrument, and a ζ-potential analyzer, thus revealing the synergistic demulsification mechanism between microwave and magnetic nanoparticles. The results showed that excessively high or low microwave radiation parameters had an inhibitory effect on the magnetic nanoparticle demulsification, and microwave promoted the magnetic nanoparticle demulsification only when the radiation parameters were in the optimal range. In addition, the water separation rate showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with the increase of magnetic nanoparticles concentration, with or without microwave action. As an example, the water separation rate of the emulsion for 1 h was 21.34% when the Fe3O4 concentration was 175 mg/L without microwave action, while it increased to 55.56% with microwave action. In contrast, when the concentration of Fe3O4@CPAM was 175 mg/L, the water separation rate was 42.86% without microwave radiation, while it was further increased to 77.38% under microwave radiation. These results indicate that magnetic nanoparticles and their complexes significantly affect the water separation process under different conditions. There is a more obvious coupling synergistic effect between Fe3O4@CPAM and microwave. This was due to the lower absolute potential of Fe3O4@CPAM and its higher hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Sun
- College
of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou
University, Xi’an 710312, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Huina Sun
- Gas
Production Plant No. 1, North China Oil & Gas Branch, North China Petroleum Bureau, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Hu
- College
of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou
University, Xi’an 710312, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- College
of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou
University, Xi’an 710312, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lisha Shen
- College
of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou
University, Xi’an 710312, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yuli Ma
- College
of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou
University, Xi’an 710312, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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4
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Li C, Magana JR, Sobotta F, Wang J, Stuart MAC, van Ravensteijn BGP, Voets IK. Switchable Electrostatically Templated Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206780. [PMID: 35766724 PMCID: PMC9796233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a switchable, templated polymerization system where the strength of the templating effect can be modulated by solution pH and/or ionic strength. The responsiveness to these cues is incorporated through a dendritic polyamidoamine-based template of which the charge density depends on pH. The dendrimers act as a template for the polymerization of an oppositely charged monomer, namely sodium styrene sulfonate. We show that the rate of polymerization and maximum achievable monomer conversion are directly related to the charge density of the template, and hence the environmental pH. The polymerization could effectively be switched "ON" and "OFF" on demand, by cycling between acidic and alkaline reaction environments. These findings break ground for a novel concept, namely harnessing co-assembly of a template and growing polymer chains with tunable association strength to create and control coupled polymerization and self-assembly pathways of (charged) macromolecular building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237P. R. China
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Jose R. Magana
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Current address: Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT)Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS)Universitat Ramon Llull (URL)08022BarcelonaSpain
| | - Fabian Sobotta
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Junyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Bas G. P. van Ravensteijn
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Current address: Department of PharmaceuticsUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityP.O. Box 800823508 TBUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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5
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Li C, Magana JR, Sobotta F, Wang J, Stuart MAC, van Ravensteijn BGP, Voets IK. Switchable Electrostatically Templated Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chendan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Jose R. Magana
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Current address: Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS) Universitat Ramon Llull (URL) 08022 Barcelona Spain
| | - Fabian Sobotta
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Junyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Bas G. P. van Ravensteijn
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Current address: Department of Pharmaceutics Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS) Faculty of Science Utrecht University P.O. Box 80082 3508 TB Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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6
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Li X, Zhang X, Xie S, Ge Y, Feng L, Li W. Optimized preparation and performance evaluation of a bifunctional chitosan-modified flocculant. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20857-20865. [PMID: 35919138 PMCID: PMC9301686 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the diversification of pollutants in current sewage, further improving the application efficiency of water treatment agents and realizing multi-functionalization are important directions for the research of water treatment agents. In this paper, on the basis of the natural polymer flocculant chitosan, MAPTAC and AM were used as modified monomers to improve its solubility and also enhance its flocculation and bactericidal properties. Furthermore, the preparation conditions of chitosan flocculant poly(CTS-g-AM-MAPTAC) were optimized by response surface methodology, and its flocculation and sterilization functions were evaluated in detail. The experimental results showed that the significance order of the factors in the preparation process was illumination time, mass ratio of total monomer to chitosan, molar ratio of monomers, and initiator concentration. The optimum conditions for preparing poly(CTS-g-AM-MAPTAC) were 6 moL L-1 for initiator concentration, 4 for mass ratio of total monomer to chitosan, 25% for monomer molar ratio, and 60 min for illumination time. The intrinsic viscosity and grafting rate of poly(CTS-g-AM-MAPTAC) prepared under optimum conditions were 5.4965 dL g-1 and 220.34%. The obtained poly(CTS-g-AM-MAPTAC) had good solubility, which could fully expose the active sites in wastewater with different acidity and had good flocculation effect. The performance evaluation results showed that the flocculant had a good combination of flocculation and sterilization, and had the advantages of high turbidity removal and sterilization efficiency, good biodegradability and low reagent consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-constructive of Collaborative Innovation Center for MSW Comprehensive Utilization, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China
| | - Shiyu Xie
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Yaling Ge
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Regions Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology No. 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology Chongqing 401331 China
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7
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Chunming Wang, Huang Z, Lee X, Tang Y, Zeng L, Chen Y. Screening of Composite Flocculants for Food Wastewater Treatment. J WATER CHEM TECHNO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s1063455x22020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Guo Y, Li X, Sun J, Liu Y, Wang H, Ding J, Chen L, Tian X, Yuan Y. Physicochemical characterization and flocculation performance evaluation of
PAC
/
PMAPTAC
composite flocculant. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Guo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei China
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
- Zhongke Lemei Technology Group Co., Ltd. Emeishan China
| | - Jun Sun
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
- Zhongke Lemei Technology Group Co., Ltd. Emeishan China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
- Zhongke Lemei Technology Group Co., Ltd. Emeishan China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
- Zhongke Lemei Technology Group Co., Ltd. Emeishan China
| | - Jianjun Ding
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
| | - Xingyou Tian
- Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Zhongke Lemei Technology Group Co., Ltd. Emeishan China
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9
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Comparison of two cationic chitosan-based flocculants prepared by photocatalysis and photoinitiation systems: Synthesis mechanism, structure and performance in water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Chen Y, Li X, Zizeng W, Feng L, Xie J, Lin Z, Xu Z, Liu B, Li X, Zheng H. Research on a new cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) with a cationic microblock structure and its enhanced effect on sludge condition and dewatering. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51865-51878. [PMID: 33990923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation is one of the commonly used sludge conditioning methods in water supply plants, which can improve the sludge dewatering performance by reducing the specific resistance of sludge (SRF), decreasing the amount of sludge, and finally lowering the transportation cost and subsequent disposal cost of sludge. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop new and efficient flocculants. In this paper, the template copolymer of acryloxy trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) and acrylamide (AM) was successfully synthesized by microwave-template copolymerization (MV-TP) using sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) as template. The template copolymer was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that this template copolymer had obvious cationic microblock structure. In addition, the test results of association constant (KM) and polymerization kinetics showed that the MW-TP was assigned to free radical initiated polymerization and the polymerization mechanism was I Zip-up (ZIP). It confirmed the formation of cation fragment structure again. Due to its dense positive charges in this new cationic microblock structure, it greatly improved the functions of electric neutralization, electrical patching, and adsorption bridging. The cationic fragment structure in the template copolymer could help to generate large and dense floc structure and form stable drainage channels. Under external pressure, these large and compact floc structures had greater compressive resistance, which avoided deformation and blockage of drainage channels and voids. It was beneficial to reduce SRF and evidently enhanced sludge dewatering performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Chen
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhao Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Zizeng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiehong Xie
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeluan Lin
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Energy Engineering Mechanics & Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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11
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Liu Y, Zheng H, Han Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Feng L. Amphiphilic magnetic copolymer for enhanced removal of anionic dyes: Fabrication, application and adsorption mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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12
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Dai H, Chen Y, Dai W, Hu Z, Li M, Zhang W, Xie F, Wei W, Guo R, Zhang G. Design and Mechanism of a Self-Powered and Disintegration-Reorganization-Regeneration Power Supply with Cold Resistance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2101239. [PMID: 34137091 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Up to now, power supplies designed based on the electrochemical reaction principle have had unavoidable defects, in that a complete redox reaction must be formed inside the power supply to operate normally, which makes it unable to be reconstructed and regenerated. Hence, the design and interpretation of this self-powered and disintegration-reorganization-regeneration power supply are generally considered to be almost insurmountable obstacles to haunt both experimenters and theorists. Herein, a self-powered and disintegration-reorganization-regeneration power supply with relatively stable discharge for 8.3 h is realized by the principle of ion-selective diffusion, which regenerates by radical polymerization. Additionally, the mechanism is investigated systematically by molecular dynamics simulation, and this power supply with a variety of self-powered and disintegration-reorganization-regeneration units can discharge continuously at freezing temperatures and variable temperature (0-25 °C). As a hypothetical model, a self-powered and deformable arch bridge with disintegration and reorganization is fabricated. In the future, this power supply is expected to be applied in prosthetic limbs, bionic skins, implantable power supplies, mobile phones, portable computers, wearable devices, etc. Moreover, with the improvement of the stability and discharge life, it could promote major revolutionary breakthroughs in the fields of intelligent industrial automation, smart buildings, intelligent transportation systems, intelligent power systems, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Dai
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors, Shanghai, 518055, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wenqing Dai
- College of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhe Hu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Min Li
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wanlu Zhang
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fengxian Xie
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruiqian Guo
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Institute for Electric Light Sources, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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13
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Wang Y, Zhang Y. Kinetics of poly(3‐methacryloylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) initiated by different initiators. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongji Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
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14
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Sun W, Zhou S, Sun Y, Xu Y. Synthesis and evaluation of cationic flocculant P(DAC-PAPTAC-AM) for flocculation of coal chemical wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 99:239-248. [PMID: 33183701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-efficiency cationic flocculant, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), was successfully prepared using UV-induced polymerization technology. The monomer Acrylamide (AM): Acryloxyethyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC): methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) ratio, monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration, urea content, and cationic monomer DAC:MAPTAC ratio, light time, and power of high-pressure mercury lamp were studied. The characteristic groups, characteristic diffraction peaks, and characteristic proton peaks of P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) were confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of dosage, pH value, and velocity gradient (G) value on the removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol by poly aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC), P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), and PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) in the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the optimal conditions for the flocculation of coal chemical wastewater using P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) alone are as follows: dosage of 8-12 mg/L, G value of 100-250 s - 1, and pH value of 4-8. The optimal dosage of PAFC is 90-150 mg/L with a pH of 2-12. The optimal dosage for PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) is as follows: PAFC dosage of 90-150 mg/L, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) dosage of 8-12 mg/L, and pH range of 2-6. When P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) was used alone, the optimal removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol were 81.0%, 35.0%, 75.0%, and 80.3%, respectively. PAFC has good tolerance to wastewater pH and good pH buffering. Thus, the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater using the PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) compound also exhibits excellent resistance and buffering capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shengbao Zhou
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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15
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Tang Q, Chen W, Dai X, Liu Y, Liu H, Fan L, Luo H, Ji L, Zhang K. Exploring the perspective of nano-TiO 2 in hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant preparation: Reaction kinetics and emulsified oil removal performance. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128066. [PMID: 33297071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the polymerization difficulty of hydrophobic modified copolymers, a hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant was fabricated using nano-TiO2 as initiator with acrylamide (AM) and methyl acryloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DML) as monomers, and named it PAD. The copolymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Results verified that PAD was synthesized successfully and nano-TiO2 was more conducive to DML grafting than traditional photo-initiators. Reaction kinetics demonstrated that the polymerization process was a typical precipitation polymerization initiated by free radicals. Flocculation performance of flocculant on simulated emulsified oil was evaluated and optimized. The simulation results indicated that the flocculation performance of PAD was superior to traditional flocculant, which was attributed to the higher content of DML in PAD. The maximum removal rate of emulsified oil could reach 92.10%, and the corresponding turbidity removal rate was 93.54%. Further, the mechanism studies suggested that the removal of emulsified oil was realized by the synergistic effects of electric neutralization, demulsification, hydrophobic association and adsorption bridging. The findings of this study showed that nano-TiO2 exhibited a promising prospect in the field of polymer-initiated polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xinning Dai
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Liangqian Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Lin Ji
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
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16
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Chen Y, Feng L, Liu B, Peng J, Chen Y, Xu C, Ren J. Study of microwave‐template initiated copolymerization peculiarity and evaluation on the coal floc distinctive behavior and flocculation performance. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- School of River and Ocean EngineeringChongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation EngineeringGuangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation EngineeringGuangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Junlin Peng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan China
| | - Yuning Chen
- School of Civil and Transportation EngineeringGuangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Chuang Xu
- School of Civil and Transportation EngineeringGuangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco‐Environment, Ministry of EducationChongqing University Chongqing China
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17
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Fu X, Chen T, Wang C, Zhang Y. Rheological Behavior of a Quaternary Ammonium Copolymer in the Presence of Inorganic Salts. J MACROMOL SCI B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2020.1816886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingqin Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Chendong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, P.R. China
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18
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Zhou Y, Zheng H, Wang Y, Zhao R, Liu H, Ding W, An Y. Enhanced municipal sludge dewaterability using an amphiphilic microblocked cationic polyacrylamide synthesized through ultrasonic-initiation: Copolymerization and flocculation mechanisms. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Fabricating a hydrophobic modified flocculant through UVC irradiation initiation for metalworking wastewater treatment. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Chen W, Rong X, Peng J, Tang Q, Luo H, Fan L, Feng K, Zheng H. Assessment of a novel nanostructured flocculant with elevated flocculation and antimicrobial activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124736. [PMID: 31494326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel process involving the preparation of nanochitosan-grafted flocculants (CPAM-g-NCS) to treat low turbid and salmonella suspensions simultaneously was introduced. Nanotechnology was employed to enhance the adsorption-adhesion and sterilization abilities of dual-functional flocculants. The monomers of chitosan, acrylamide, methacryloyl ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and sodium tripolyphosphate were utilized for flocculants copolymerization. Then, using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum, and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, the successful synthesis of CPAM-g-NCS was verified. Scanning electron microscopy and size analysis suggested that nanostructured flocculants with irregular morphology and nanocolloids of 60.44 nm were formed. CPAM-g-NCS was applied to treat a series of simulated low turbid and salmonella suspensions. The simulation results showed that the minimum residual turbidity of 1.97 NTU and optical density of 0.16 (initial 0.89) can be achieved at dosages of 2.5 and 8.75 mg L-1, respectively, which were superior to conventional organics flocculants. Mechanistic studies suggested that the excellent adsorption property, and large numbers of quaternary ammonium and amino groups of nanoflocculants contributed to the superior flocculation and antibacterial performance of CPAM-g-NCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xiang Rong
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Jiujing Peng
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Liangqian Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Keqin Feng
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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21
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Liu Y, Zheng H, An Y, Ren J, Zheng X, Zhao C, Zhang S. Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of the β-cyclodextrin based cationic polymeric flocculants and evaluation of flocculation performance: Role of β-cyclodextrin. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Fu X, Chen T, Xu X, Zhang Y. Thermal Stability and Decomposition Kinetics of Poly(Methacryloyloxyethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride-Co-Acrylamide). J MACROMOL SCI B 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2019.1637050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingqin Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Microalgae harvesting with the novel flocculant hairy cationic nanocrystalline cellulose. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:329-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Zeng T, Hu XQ, Wu H, Yang JW, Zhang HB. Microwave assisted synthesis and characterization of a novel bio-based flocculant from dextran and chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:760-768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Sun Y, Shah KJ, Sun W, Zheng H. Performance evaluation of chitosan-based flocculants with good pH resistance and high heavy metals removal capacity. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Characterization and sludge dewatering performance evaluation of the photo-initiated cationic flocculant PDD. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Zhao C, Zheng H, Sun Y, Zhang S, Liang J, Liu Y, An Y. Evaluation of a novel dextran-based flocculant on treatment of dye wastewater: Effect of kaolin particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:243-254. [PMID: 29859440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graft modified flocculants have recently received increasing attention in the field of water treatment as they have the combinative advantages of synthetic and natural polymeric flocculants. In this work, surface-active monomer benzyl(methacryloyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride (BMDAC) was selected to graft on dextran (DX) with high molecular weight (10.3 × 106 g/mol) produced through enzyme-catalyzed process in order to remove dissolved dyes from wastewater. The flocculant (DAB) was fabricated by ultrasound initiated polymerization technique, and the structure characterization of FTIR, 1H/12C NMR, XRD and XPS spectrum confirmed the successful grafting. Then the Congo red (CR) removal efficiency by DAB was optimized based on the flocculation conditions, including wastewater initial pH, flocculant dosage and initial dye concentration. The effect of suspended solids on the removal of dyes was evaluated in kaolin-CR simulated wastewater. The results indicated that the optimal removal efficiency of CR was 68.1% and 88.2% in single CR and kaolin-CR flocculation system, respectively. The improvement of removal efficiency was attributed to the fact that partial CR molecules were adsorbed onto kaolin particles before flocculation, and were synergistically flocculated accompanied by kaolin particles. Finally, the flocculation mechanism was discussed by a detailed investigation of the zeta potentials, FTIR and XPS spectra of flocs, which can provide important reference for optimizing the flocculation conditions and designing novel high-performance flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jianjun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yanyan An
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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28
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Liu B, Zheng H, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhao C, An Y, Tang X. A novel carboxyl-rich chitosan-based polymer and its application for clay flocculation and cationic dye removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:107-115. [PMID: 29859427 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complexity of contaminants, the effectiveness of traditional flocculants toward water purification is insufficient. To break the limitation, a novel polymer flocculant [chitosan grafted poly (acrylamide-itaconic acid), CS-g-P(AM-IA)] was synthesized via ultraviolet-initiated graft copolymerization reaction. Characterization results revealed that the graft copolymers were successfully synthesized and with rougher surface structure. The solubility of CS-g-P(AM-IA) and chitosan grafted polyacrylamide (CS-g-PAM) were greatly improved and they can dissolve in the wide pH range of 2.0-12.0. CaCl2 was used as a source of cation bridge to enhance the flocculation of kaolin particles, and its optimum dosage was 150 mg·L-1. At dosage of 30 mg·L-1 and pH of 5.0, the turbidity removal efficiency of CS-g-P(AM-IA) reached the maximum of 93.8%, whereas those of CS-g-PAM and CS were 96.7% and 76.9%, respectively. The patchwise adsorption of ionic groups embedded in the molecular chain on Ca2+-clay complexes took effect to generate flocs with larger particle size. Besides, the decolorization ability of cationic dyes by CS-g-P(AM-IA) was greatly enhanced due to the role of abundant carboxyl groups. In the crystal violet (CV) adsorption experiment, the maximum CV dye removal efficiency for CS-g-P(AM-IA) reached the maximum of 81.6% at dosage of 0.7 mg·mL-1 and pH of 9.0, while those for CS-g-PAM and CS were 51.7% and 36.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yanyan An
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiaomin Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Chongqing Key laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
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29
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Wei J, Zhou J, Su S, Jiang J, Feng J, Wang Q. Water-Deactivated Polyelectrolyte Hydrogel Electrolytes for Flexible High-Voltage Supercapacitors. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3410-3415. [PMID: 30105848 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the boom of flexible electronic products and wearable devices, flexible energy storage devices, for example, supercapacitors with high performance, are attracting increasing interest. A flexible water-deactivated polyelectrolyte hydrogel electrolyte with good mechanical properties and high ionic conductivity was prepared by using an anionic polymer, carboxy methyl cellulose, and a cationic monomer, methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride. It was then applied in a supercapacitor with flexible activated carbon electrodes. This flexible supercapacitor possesses a high operating voltage of 2.1 V owing to the low electrochemical activity for water within the hydrogel as a result of the 'molecular cages' effect and hydrophilic interactions between functional groups and surrounding water molecules. Furthermore, this supercapacitor exhibits good flexibility and tailorability. As the first example of water-deactivated polyelectrolyte hydrogel electrolytes in applications involving flexible high-voltage supercapacitors, this work provides a platform for the design of energy storage devices with high energy density for flexible and wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wei
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Su
- Evonik (Shanghai) Investment Management Co., Ltd., 68 Chundong Road, Shanghai, 201108, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Evonik (Shanghai) Investment Management Co., Ltd., 68 Chundong Road, Shanghai, 201108, P. R. China
| | - Jing Feng
- Evonik (Shanghai) Investment Management Co., Ltd., 68 Chundong Road, Shanghai, 201108, P. R. China
| | - Qigang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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30
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Ma J, Fu X, Jiang L, Zhu G, Shi J. Magnetic flocculants synthesized by Fe 3O 4 coated with cationic polyacrylamide for high turbid water flocculation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:25955-25966. [PMID: 29968210 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel magnetic flocculant (CPAMF) was synthesized by using Fe3O4 coated with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) for flocculation of high turbid water. The surface morphology and chemical structures of CPAMF were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to verify the crystal structure of CPAMF. The magnetic property of CPAMF was compared with Fe3O4 in this study. The flocculation performance by using flocculants CPAMF was evaluated in high turbid water treatment. The maximum transmittance 92.4% of kaolin suspension was achieved at corresponding optimal flocculation conditions. The result indicated that CPAMF was efficient in high turbid water flocculation. Analysis of FTIR, XRD of flocs, and zeta potential (ZP) of supernatant were accomplished for flocculation mechanism investigation. Because of low recovery factor in reflocculation under the effect of shear force on flocs, the bridging effect was found to be dominant in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Sedimentation experiments under the role of permanent magnet indicated that nano-Fe3O4 could effectively improve the settling property of CPAM. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangya Ma
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, No 59 of Hudong Road, Maanshan City, 243002, Anhui, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Biomembrane Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China.
| | - Xue Fu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, No 59 of Hudong Road, Maanshan City, 243002, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biomembrane Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Liyan Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, No 59 of Hudong Road, Maanshan City, 243002, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biomembrane Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China
| | - Guocheng Zhu
- College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science & Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Jun Shi
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, No 59 of Hudong Road, Maanshan City, 243002, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biomembrane Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Maanshan, 243002, Anhui, China
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31
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Feng L, Liu S, Zheng H, Liang J, Sun Y, Zhang S, Chen X. Using ultrasonic (US)-initiated template copolymerization for preparation of an enhanced cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and its application in sludge dewatering. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:53-63. [PMID: 29680628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the ultrasonic (US)-initiated template copolymerization was employed to synthesize a novel cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) characterized by a microblock structure using dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and acrylamide (AM) as monomers, and sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) as template. The polymers structure property was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that a novel cationic microblock structure was successfully synthesized in the template copolymer of DMDAAC and AM (TPADM). Meanwhile, the analysis result of association constant (MK) provided powerful support for a I Zip-up (ZIP) template polymerization mechanism and the formation of the microblock structure. The factors affecting the polymerization were investigated, including ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, monomer concentration, initiator concentration, mAM:mDMDAAC and nNaPAA:nDMDAAC. The sludge dewatering performance of the polymers was evaluated in terms of specific resistance to filtration (SRF), filter cake moisture content (FCMC), floc size (d50) and fractal dimension (Df). Flocculation mechanism was also analyzed and discussed. The sludge dewatering results revealed that the polymer with the novel microblock structure showed a more excellent flocculation performance than those with randomly distributed cationic units. A desirable flocculation performance with a SRF of 4.5 × 1012 m kg-1, FCMC of 73.1%, d50 of 439.156 µm and Df of 1.490 were obtained at pH of 7.0, dosage of 40 mg L-1 and the molecular weight of 5.0 × 106 Da. The cationic microblock extremely enhanced the polymer charge neutralization and bridging ability, thus obtaining the excellent sludge dewatering performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Jianjun Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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32
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Ma J, Shi J, Ding L, Zhang H, Zhou S, Wang Q, Fu X, Jiang L, Fu K. Removal of emulsified oil from water using hydrophobic modified cationic polyacrylamide flocculants synthesized from low-pressure UV initiation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Wilts EM, Herzberger J, Long TE. Addressing water scarcity: cationic polyelectrolytes in water treatment and purification. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Wilts
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg USA
| | - Jana Herzberger
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg USA
| | - Timothy E Long
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg USA
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34
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Liu B, Chen X, Zheng H, Wang Y, Sun Y, Zhao C, Zhang S. Rapid and efficient removal of heavy metal and cationic dye by carboxylate-rich magnetic chitosan flocculants: Role of ionic groups. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 181:327-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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35
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Liu Y, Zheng H, Wang Y, Zheng X, Wang M, Ren J, Zhao C. Synthesis of a cationic polyacrylamide by a photocatalytic surface-initiated method and evaluation of its flocculation and dewatering performance: nano-TiO2 as a photo initiator. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28329-28340. [PMID: 35542495 PMCID: PMC9084301 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05622f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of complex water quality changes, the application of existing cationic polyacrylamide has been largely limited. In this study, a series of cationic polyacrylamides (TPADs) with excellent flocculation/dewatering performance and low dosage were synthesized through photocatalytic surface initiation using acrylamide (AM) and acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) as monomers and nano-TiO2 as an initiator. Characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the structural and morphological properties of TPADs. The initiation mechanism was described and the study on the properties of TPADs shows that the initiation method could obtain the copolymer with extra-high intrinsic viscosity. Furthermore, the flocculation and dewatering performance of TPADs and PADs were investigated in the micro-polluted low turbidity water flocculation test and sludge dewatering test. The application experimental results indicated that TPADs showed satisfactory turbidity removal and sludge dewatering performance by virtue of strong charge neutralization and a bridging effect. The excellent flocculation/dewatering performance was attributed to the photocatalytic surface-initiated method and the nano-TiO2 initiator. Therefore, it is expected to open up new initiation methods in the synthesis of polymeric flocculants for a broad variety of applications. In the face of complex water quality changes, the application of existing cationic polyacrylamide has been largely limited.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Moxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
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36
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UV-initiated polymerization of acid- and alkali-resistant cationic flocculant P(AM-MAPTAC): Synthesis, characterization, and application in sludge dewatering. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Ma J, Fu K, Fu X, Guan Q, Ding L, Shi J, Zhu G, Zhang X, Zhang S, Jiang L. Flocculation properties and kinetic investigation of polyacrylamide with different cationic monomer content for high turbid water purification. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Ma J, Fu K, Jiang L, Ding L, Guan Q, Zhang S, Zhang H, Shi J, Fu X. Flocculation performance of cationic polyacrylamide with high cationic degree in humic acid synthetic water treatment and effect of kaolin particles. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Zheng H, Feng L, Gao B, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Xu B. Effect of the Cationic Block Structure on the Characteristics of Sludge Flocs Formed by Charge Neutralization and Patching. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10050487. [PMID: 28772848 PMCID: PMC5459051 DOI: 10.3390/ma10050487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a template copolymer (TPAA) of (3-Acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (AATPAC) and acrylamide (AM) was successfully synthesized though ultrasonic-initiated template copolymerization (UTP), using sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) as a template. TPAA was characterized by an evident cationic microblock structure which was observed through the analyses of the reactivity ratio, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H (13C) NMR), and thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC). The introduction of the template could improve the monomer (AATPAC) reactivity ratio and increase the length and amount of AATPAC segments. This novel cationic microblock structure extremely enhanced the ability of charge neutralization, patching, and bridging, thus improving the activated sludge flocculation performance. The experiments of floc formation, breakage, and regrowth revealed that the cationic microblock structure in the copolymer resulted in large and compact flocs, and these flocs had a rapid regrowth when broken. Finally, the larger and more compact flocs contributed to the formation of more channels and voids, and therefore the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) reached a minimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Yuhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Bingchen Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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40
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Zhao C, Zheng H, Feng L, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu B, Djibrine BZ. Improvement of Sludge Dewaterability by Ultrasound-Initiated Cationic Polyacrylamide with Microblock Structure: The Role of Surface-Active Monomers. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10030282. [PMID: 28772642 PMCID: PMC5503336 DOI: 10.3390/ma10030282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cationic polyacrylamides have been employed widely to improve sludge dewatering performance, but the cationic units are randomly distributed in the molecular chain, which restricts the further enhancement of dewaterability. Common template technology to prepare block copolymers requiring a huge number of templates reduces the polymer purity and molecular weight. Here, we adopted the surface-active monomer benzyl dimethyl 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl ammonium chloride (BDMDAC) to synthesize cationic microblocky polyacrylamide initiated by ultrasound. The reactivity ratio of monomers suggested that novel cationic monomer BDMDAC had higher homopolymerization ability, and was thus more prone to forming a microblock structure. The statistical analysis of sequence-length distribution indicated that the number and length of cationic segments increased in the PAB molecules. In addition, the characteristic results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) provided evidence for the synthesis of copolymer with cationic microblocks. Finally, the results of dewatering tests demonstrated that sludge dewaterability was greatly improved by adding the synthesized novel flocculants, and the sludge-specific resistance to filtration, filter cake moisture content and residual turbidity all reached a minimum (68.7%, 5.4 × 1012 m·kg−1, and 2.6 NTU, respectively) at 40 mg·L−1. The PAB flocs were large, compact, difficult to break, and easy to regrow. Furthermore, PAB was more effective in the removal of protein from soluble extracellular polymeric substances (SEPSs). In summary, this study provides a novel solution to synthesize cationic microblock polyacrylamide for improving sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Badradine Zakaria Djibrine
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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41
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Feng L, Zheng H, Gao B, Zhao C, Zhang S, Chen N. Enhancement of textile-dyeing sludge dewaterability using a novel cationic polyacrylamide: role of cationic block structures. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27986d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) with a microblock structure was synthesized through ultrasonic-initiated template copolymerization (UTP) using allyltrimethylammonium chloride (TM) and acrylamide (AM) as monomers, and sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) as a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
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42
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Feng L, Zheng H, Gao B, Zhang S, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Xu B. Fabricating an anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) with an anionic block structure for high turbidity water separation and purification. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-initiated template polymerization (UTP) was used as a feasible strategy to prepare a novel anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) with a microblock structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Yuhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Bincheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
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43
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Zhou Y, Zheng H, Gao B, Gu Y, Li X, Liu B, Jiménez AM. Waste activated sludge (WAS) dewatering properties of an original hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide containing a cationic microblock structure. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02939j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical conditioning, as one of the core technologies used for the dewatering pretreatment of sludge, can efficiently improve the dewaterability of WAS and hence reduce the expense of the transportation and disposal of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Yingpeng Gu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
| | - Andrea Mavarro Jiménez
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- State Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- China
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