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Ji C, E T, Cheng Y, Yang S, Chen L, Wang D, Wang Y, Li Y. Preparation of Mn modified waste dander biochar and its effect on soil carbon sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118147. [PMID: 38220076 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In order to reduce the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) and enhance the ability of soil carbon sequestration. Mn-modified waste dander biochar (Mn-BC) was successfully prepared via impregnation and pyrolysis, and MnSO4 was formed on its surface. Mn-BC increases the carbon retention and reduces the emissions of CO2 and SO2 in way of forming CO, Mn-O-C bond and MnSO4. At the same time, the stability of the original biochar was reserved due to forming a conjugated structure (CC and pyridine-N bond), and the carbon sequestration content was increased to 25.63%. Importantly, the application of Mn-BC can directly regulate the transformation of microbial bacterial community and lead to create stable carbon dominant bacteria (Firmicutes). And the mineralization rate of SOC is reduced to 0.48 mg CO2/(g·d), together with an increased content of TOC (48.16%), thus the purpose of efficient carbon sequestration is achieved in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ji
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao E
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China.
| | - Ying Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Daohan Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Chemical Clean Production, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Surface Functionalization of Titanium Dioxide Powder, Institute of Ocean Research, Institute Environmental Research, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanfei Wang
- Liaoning Huadian Environmental Testing Co., LTD, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of College Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Hashemzadeh F, Derakhshandeh SH, Soori MM, Khedri F, Rajabi S. Bisphenol A adsorption using modified aloe vera leaf-wastes derived bio-sorbents from aqueous solution: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2031-2051. [PMID: 37158808 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2208536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Reactive-oxygen-species are produced more often in the body when bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting-substance, is present. In this investigation, bio-sorbents from an aqueous solution adapted from Aloe-vera were used to survey BPA removal. Aloe-vera leaf wastes were used to create activated carbon, which was then analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Zeta potential, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. It was revealed that the adsorption process adheres to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2>0.96 and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with R2>0.99 under ideal conditions (pH = 3, contact time = 45 min, concentration of BPA = 20 mg.L-1, and concentration of the adsorbent = 2 g.L-1). After five-cycle, the efficacy of removal was greater than 70%. The removal of phenolic-chemicals from industrial-effluent can be accomplished with the assistance of this adsorbent in a cost-effective and effective-approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Hashemzadeh
- Water and Wastewater Research Center, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamed Derakhshandeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Soori
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Khedri
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Wang L, Feng J, Chen Q, Jiang H, Zhao J, Chang Z, He X, Li F, Pan B. Inhibition mechanisms of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter to triclosan photodegradation: A remarkable role of aliphatics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123056. [PMID: 38040184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals like triclosan (TCS) have been thought to be an emergent environmental pollutant. The ubiquitous dissolved organic matter (DOM) is able to interrelate with TCS and hamper its phototransformation. However, how the components in DOM can inhibit the photodegradation of DOM/TCS complex is largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that TCS photodegradation with biochar-derived DOM (BDOM) was interfered by both binding affinity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) productivity. BDOM can not only stimulate TCS photodegradation by producing ROS, but also inhibit the removal of TCS through the interactions between BDOMs and TCS. The quantification of BDOM's impact on TCS photodegradation revealed that BDOM hampered TCS removal with the proportion of -7.95 to -11.24% at pH 8.5, but strengthened it to 13.20% at pH 7.0. Binding process was more easily to inhibit TCS photodegradation in molecular form, while anionic TCS photodegradation was dominated by ROS productivity. Different inhibition mechanisms were involved in TCS photodegradation depending on the components of BDOMs. The hydroxyls and aromatic carbonyls might have hindered the attack of ROS on the phenolic hydroxyl of TCS via hydrogen bond interaction or π-π electron donor-acceptor interaction. Through hydrophobic interaction, the mobile aliphatics could greatly shield TCS to prevent ROS attack by wrapping or twining TCS, playing a significant role in inhibiting TCS removal. Results from this present study can afford a new viewpoint in elucidating the function of BDOMs in the phototransformation of organics and decrease the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xinhua He
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Fangfang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
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Liu Y, Dai X, Li J, Cheng S, Zhang J, Ma Y. Recent progress in TiO 2-biochar-based photocatalysts for water contaminants treatment: strategies to improve photocatalytic performance. RSC Adv 2024; 14:478-491. [PMID: 38173568 PMCID: PMC10759041 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06910a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Toxic organic pollutants in wastewater have seriously damaged human health and ecosystems. Photocatalytic degradation is a potential and efficient tactic for wastewater treatment. Among the entire carbon family, biochar has been developed for the adsorption of pollutants due to its large specific surface area, porous skeleton structure, and abundant surface functional groups. Hence, combining adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition, TiO2-biochar photocatalysts have received considerable attention and have been extensively studied. Owing to biochar's adsorption, more active sites and strong interactions between contaminants and photocatalysts can be achieved. The synergistic effect of biochar and TiO2 nanomaterials substantially improves the photocatalytic capacity for pollutant degradation. TiO2-biochar composites have numerous attractive properties and advantages, culminating in infinite applications. This review discusses the characteristics and preparation techniques of biochar, presents in situ and ex situ synthesis approaches of TiO2-biochar nanocomposites, explains the benefits of TiO2-biochar-based compounds for photocatalytic degradation, and emphasizes the strategies for enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2-biochar-based photocatalysts. Finally, the main difficulties and future advancements of TiO2-biochar-based photocatalysis are highlighted. The review gives an exhaustive overview of recent progress in TiO2-biochar-based photocatalysts for organic contaminants removal and is expected to encourage the development of robust TiO2-biochar-based photocatalysts for sewage remediation and other environmentally friendly uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Liu
- School of Sciences, Beihua University Jilin 132013 China
| | - Xiaowei Dai
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130041 China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Sciences, Beihua University Jilin 132013 China
| | - Shaoheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Sciences, Beihua University Jilin 132013 China
| | - Yibo Ma
- School of Sciences, Beihua University Jilin 132013 China
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Cha L, Feng H, Wu M, Xing J, Li J, Chen Q. Effects of extracellular enzymes secreted by wild edible fungi mycelia on the surface properties of local soil colloids. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3721-3730. [PMID: 35481458 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2071639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular enzymes secreted by wild edible fungi mycelia participate in a series of physiochemical reactions in soil, thereby changing the surface properties of local soil colloids irreversibly. However, the reaction process and mechanism were generally ignored, leading to a misunderstanding of local soil functions. In this work, the soil samples collected from areas where growing wild edible fungi were selected as model substances, and the effects of extracellular enzymes (α-amylase, β-glucosidase, and peroxidase) secreted by wild edible fungi mycelia on the physicochemical properties of soil colloids were explored. After adding extracellular enzymes, the pores and fissures between the lamellar sheets were observed more obviously and the surface heights decreased significantly, especially after adding α-amylase. The addition of extracellular enzymes increased the electronegativity and the suspension stability of soil colloids owing to the decrease in their polarity and water solubility. The added extracellular enzymes might be adsorbed on the organic and inorganic components in soil colloids and could promote the decomposition of soil organic matter, thereby changing the physicochemical properties of soil colloids and improving the soil quality. The results will lay a theoretical foundation for understanding the soil function in the areas where growing wild edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Cha
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Feng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xing
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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A V M, K A, I BM. An integrated approach to remove endocrine-disrupting chemicals bisphenol and its analogues from the aqueous environment: a review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:1518-1546. [PMID: 37768753 PMCID: wst_2023_280 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) used as a plastic enhancer in producing polycarbonate resins to manufacture hard plastics. Due to strict limitations on the manufacturing and utilization of BPA, several bisphenol substitutes, bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), have been developed to replace it in various applications. Because of their widespread use in food containers, infant bottles, and reusable water bottles, bisphenols (BPs) have been identified in different environmental circumstances, including drinking water, seawater, industrial effluent, and endocrine systems such as human blood, urine, and breast milk. However, locating and analyzing them in different conditions has proven to be challenging. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the prevalence of BPs in the environment. The significance of advanced treatment options for treating and eliminating BPA and its alternatives from water bodies are reviewed. Also, the research gaps and future scopes are discussed in this review article. According to the literature survey, adsorption and photocatalytic degradation provide synergistic benefits for environmental challenges because of their substantial adsorption Q5 capacity, high oxidation capability, and low cost compared to alternative individual treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A V
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India E-mail:
| | - Anbalagan K
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
| | - Becky Miriyam I
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
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Jiang Y, Liu X, Huang S, Wu H, Liu H, Liu S, Xu J, Wang K. Preparation of magnetic biochar and its catalytic role in degradation of Cu-EDTA by heterogeneous Fenton reaction. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:492-507. [PMID: 36706295 PMCID: wst_2022_421 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, magnetic biochar (Fe-BC) was synthesized from phoenix tree leaves and FeSO4·7H2O by impregnation-pyrolysis method, and was used to activate H2O2 to degrade Cu-EDTA. The effects of preparation parameters on the degradation of Cu-EDTA by Fe-BC/H2O2 system were investigated by degradation experiments and characterization methods (SEM, BET, FTIR, XRD and XPS). The results showed that the magnetic biochar prepared under the pyrolysis temperature of 400 °C, pyrolysis time of 3 h and iron content of 3 wt% had the best catalytic activity. Within 120 min, the breaking efficiency of Cu-EDTA binding, precipitation efficiency of Cu2+ and removal efficiency of TOC could reach 78.48, 71.65 and 46.54% at the conditions of adding 1.0 g/L magnetic biochar and 25 mM H2O2 and the iron dissolution was only 0.32 mg/L. The characterization results and comparison experiments demonstrated that the catalytic effect of magnetic biochar not only depends on the transfer of electrons to H2O2 by the loaded iron oxides, but also the active oxygen functional groups (OFGs) and persistent free radicals (PFRs) contained on the surface can transfer electrons to H2O2 or even dissolved oxygen to produce an amount of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anion radicals (O2·-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Shikai Huang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Huifang Wu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Shenzhe Liu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Jiale Xu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China E-mail:
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Chang Z, Tian L, Dong J, Chen Q, Wu M, Pan B. The molecular markers provide complementary information for biochar characterization before and after HNO 3/H 2SO 4 oxidation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134422. [PMID: 35358560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar inevitably goes through long-term aging under biotic and abiotic processes in the environment, which results in various changes in its physicochemical properties. However, the traditional characterization methods based on particle separation cannot effectively monitor biochar in complex matrixes. Molecular markers, especially benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), can be used to directly identify the source and properties of biochar. In this study, biochars were prepared using corn straw (CS) and pinewood (PW) and were oxidized with HNO3/H2SO4 to simulate the aging processes. Molecular markers of lignin-derived phenols showed that PW has more vanillyl unit and thus more stable than CS. The overall BPCAs content and the relative content of mellitic acid (B6CA) both increased with pyrolysis temperature, indicating increased aromatic condensation/aromaticity. The pristine CS biochar has a higher BPCAs content compared to PW biochar. HNO3/H2SO4 treatment greatly decreased the lignin components and more vanillyl and cinnamyl units were removed from CS biochar than PW biochar. In addition, BPCAs contents decreased by 41-60 mg/g for CS biochar, while increased by 86-133 mg/g for PW biochar after HNO3/H2SO4 oxidation. This is owing to the release of the condensed aromatic structures in CS biochars, but the concentration of the condensed aromatic structures in PW biochars after oxidation. These results showed that PW biochars are more stable than CS biochars. The application of the molecular markers can help understanding the dynamic change of biochar in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Luping Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, China
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Wang Z, Chen H, Zhu Z, Xing S, Wang S, Chen B. Low-temperature straw biochar: Sustainable approach for sustaining higher survival of B. megaterium and managing phosphorus deficiency in the soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154790. [PMID: 35341849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inoculation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is a sustainable approach to increase the available P content in soils for crop production. This application, however, is constrained by the low survival rate of PSB in the field. Biochar, a carbon-rich biomaterial with a well-developed porous structure, has recently emerged as an appealing option to maintain the population size of inoculants in the soil. The efficacy of biochar as a PSB carrier is primarily determined by its physicochemical properties, which are dominated by the feedstocks and the pyrolysis temperatures. This study demonstrated a comprehensive assessment of the efficacy of straw-derived biochars prepared from different feedstocks (i.e., crop straws from cotton, peanut, maize, soybean, and wheat) and pyrolysis temperatures (i.e., 300 and 600 °C). We employed B. megaterium carrying green fluorescence protein and evaluated its survival rate and phosphate-solubilizing performance in various inoculated biochars that have distinct physicochemical properties. Our results showed that the pyrolysis temperature is more determinant of the beneficial effect of straw biochar than the feedstock species. Cotton straw biochar pyrolyzed at low temperature (i.e., 300 °C) sustained a survival rate of 6.17% for the B. megaterium and thereby entailed a significant increase in available P in soil by 30.05 mg kg-1 soil, which were nearly 18-fold and 8-fold higher than that of the no carrier treatment respectively. The performance of biochar-assisted PSB was dominant-negatively affected by the increasing pH, ash content, surface area, and total pore volume of biochar, while larger H/C ratio, water holding capacity, pore size, and surface hydrophobicity were predominantly conducive to the colonization and survival of PSB. The results of this study were expected to provide valuable guidance for biochar preparation in practice to enhance the survival and activity of PSB and maximize the utility of PSB as sustainable phosphorus fertilizer with economic applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Hui Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - SuFang Xing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - ShuGuang Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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Chang Z, Tian L, Zhang J, Zhou D. Comparative study on the relative significance of low-/high-condensation aromatic moieties in biochar to organic contaminant sorption. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113598. [PMID: 35525120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic moieties of biochar are considered as key components for immobilizing hydrophobic organic contaminants in the environment. However, the relative importance of different aromatic moieties such as low-/high-condensation components in sorption has not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, biochar was produced from flue-cured tobacco straw (TB) and pine wood sawdust (WB) at various pyrolysis temperatures (200-600 °C). Aromatic moieties were characterized via elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and benzene polycarboxylic acid molecular markers (BPCAs). The significance of different aromatic moieties in the sorption of phenanthrene (PHE) and bisphenol A (BPA) was assessed based on the individual BPCA patterns. The results indicated that aromaticity and aromatic moiety contents increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Biochar at 200 °C produced lower mellitic acid (B6CA) contents (18.7-27.9%) than the others. When the pyrolysis temperature was increased to 600 °C, the B6CA contents representing high-condensation aromatic moieties accounted for 55.4-60.9% of all the aromatic moieties. The unitary linear regressions between the individual BPCA distribution patterns and the n values and log Kd suggested that the high-condensation aromatic moieties played a more significant role than the low-condensation aromatic moieties (represented by B3CA-B5CA) in facilitating sorption nonlinearity (for PHE and BPA) and sorption capacity (for PHE). The elevated sorption of PHE can be attributed to the increased specific surface area and hydrophobicity of the newly formed aromatic moieties. Hydrogen bonds and π-π electron-donor-acceptor were the main mechanisms of BPA sorption. Because the WB biochar contained more aromatic moieties and more O-containing groups on the surface of the TB biochar, the WB exhibited a higher sorption for PHE; however, slightly elevated sorption was observed on the TB for BPA. This research may provide a new perspective in understanding the behavior of biochar aromatic moieties in sorption of organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Luping Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
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11
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Abdelrhman F, Gao J, Ali U, Wan N, Hu H. Assessment of goethite-combined/modified biochar for cadmium and arsenic remediation in alkaline paddy soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40745-40754. [PMID: 35083675 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The opposed transformation of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in paddy soil postures numerous challenges for their simultaneous remediation. An incubation study was conducted on the immobilization of Cd and As by biochar (BC), goethite (G), goethite-combined biochar (BC + G), and goethite-modified biochar (GBC). The results showed that biochar effectively immobilized Cd while significantly increasing As mobility, whereas goethite effectively immobilized As more than Cd. BC + G treatment significantly decreased toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) and CaCl2-extractable Cd by 22.70% and 40.15%; meanwhile, TCLP and NaHCO3-As were significantly reduced by 38.25% and 31.87%, respectively, compared with the control. This study found that GBC was the optimum amendment within the immobilization efficiency for CaCl2-Cd (57.03%) and TCLP-As (61.11%). BC + G and GBC applications showed some interactions between biochar and goethite, which played an essential role in immobilizing Cd and As simultaneously. Therefore, GBC showed a great benefit in being a low-cost and efficient environmental amendment for Cd and As remediation in alkaline co-contaminated paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abdelrhman
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jieyu Gao
- Hubei Geological Survey Institute, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Umeed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Neng Wan
- Hubei Geological Survey Institute, Wuhan, 430034, China
| | - Hongqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Health Diagnostic and Green Remediation, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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12
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Gurav R, Bhatia SK, Choi TR, Kim HJ, Choi YK, Lee HJ, Ham S, Cho JY, Kim SH, Lee SH, Yun J, Yang YH. Adsorptive removal of synthetic plastic components bisphenol-A and solvent black-3 dye from single and binary solutions using pristine pinecone biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134034. [PMID: 35183576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The existing study deals with adsorptive removal of the endocrine-disrupting chemical bisphenol-A and toxic azo dye solvent black-3 from single and binary solutions. These two chemicals are commonly used as an additive in the synthetic plastic industries. Among the tested twenty pristine and modified biochars, the pristine pinecone biochar produced at 750 °C revealed greater bisphenol-A removal. Simulation of the experimental data obtained for bisphenol-A and dye removal from the single-component solution offered a best-fit to Elovich (R2 > 0.98) and pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.99) kinetic models, respectively. Whereas for the bisphenol-A + dye removal from binary solution, the values for bisphenol-A adsorption were best suited to Elovich (R2 > 0.98), while pseudo-second-order (R2 > 0.99) for dye removal. Similarly, the two-compartment model also demonstrated better values (R2 > 0.92) for bisphenol-A and dye removal from single and binary solutions with greater Ffast values (except for bisphenol-A in binary solution). The Langmuir isotherm model demonstrated the highest regression coefficient values (R2 > 0.99) for bisphenol-A and dye removal with the highest adsorption capacity of 38.387 mg g-1 and 346.856 mg g-1, correspondingly. Besides, the co-existence of humic acid revealed a positive impact on bisphenol-A removal, while the dye removal rate was slightly hindered in presence of humic acid. The absorption process showed monolayer coverage of biochar surface with contaminants using a chemisorption mechanism with fast reactions between functional groups on the adsorbate and adsorbent. Whereas the adsorption mechanism was primarily controlled by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and π-π electron-donor-acceptor interactions as confirmed by FTIR, XPS, and pH investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Gurav
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sion Ham
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Yeon Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yun
- Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Exploring the Potential of Straw Biochar for Environmentally Friendly Fertilizers. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pyrolysis of wheat straw in order to produce biochar for soil amendment is a potential strategy for producing environmental friendly fertilizers capable of boosting soil fertility, increasing carbon storage, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. However, straw biochar’s potential to influence these aspects may vary depending on its properties. Our study sought to investigate biochar from wheat straw from three different regions in Bulgaria. A specially designed set up was used for the biochar production. Three pyrolytic temperatures (300, 400, and 500 °C) were applied, resulting in nine biochar samples. The specific characteristics included moisture content, volatile substances content, ash content, fixed carbon content, and joint ash and carbon content, and they were determined for each sample. The chemical content, resulting in 17 chemical elements and compounds, was measured and analysed. The results obtained showed that the produced straw biochar has the potential to be used as a fertilizer and soil supplement.
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14
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Wu D, Chen Q, Wu M, Zhang P, He L, Chen Y, Pan B. Heterogeneous compositions of oxygen-containing functional groups on biochars and their different roles in rhodamine B degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133518. [PMID: 34995628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of pyrogenic carbon has attracted a great deal of research attentions recently. The oxygen-containing structures are rich on the surface of biochars, and involved in accepting and donating electrons during the interactions between biochar and organic contaminants. In this work, the species and content of oxygen-containing functional groups on biochar surface were regulated through chemical modification, and batch sorption/degradation experiments were carried out for rhodamine B (RhB). Based on the comparison of surface functional groups, biochars produced below 200 °C mediated RhB degradation through phenol hydroxyl group, while semiquinone and carboxylic acid groups were the main reaction active sites for biochars produced at higher than 500 °C. Considering that various biochar properties play roles in mediating organics degradation, the strategies in manipulating biochar properties should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Liping He
- Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650034, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650034, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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15
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The Adsorption of Copper, Lead Metal Ions, and Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution by Pure and Treated Fennel Seeds. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5787690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This research work reports on pure and acid-treated fennel seed biomaterials for the removal of metal ions of copper Cu(II), lead Pb(II), and methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution by batch adsorption. Pure fennel seeds were labelled as PFS; nitric and sulphuric acid-treated seeds were designated as NAFS and SAFS, respectively. The adsorbents were characterised by SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, and BET. The SEM images revealed that the surface of the adsorbents was porous. However, physicochemical characterization further revealed that BET surface area, pore size, and pore width increased for NAFS and SAFS compared to PFS. FTIR results revealed that the peaks for cellulose −COC and −OH decreased considerably for NAFS and SAFS; this indicated that cellulose was hydrolyzed during acid treatment. Adsorption data showed that all biomaterials had a higher affinity for MB dye more than Pb(II) and Cu(II) metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacities onto PFS were 6.834, 4.179, and 2.902 mg/g and onto NAFS are 15.28, 14.44, and 4.475 mg/g, while those onto SAFS are 19.81, 18.79 and 6.707 mg/g respective for MB dye, Pb(II), and Cu(II) ions. Postadsorption analysis revealed that adsorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) was controlled mainly by the electrostatic attraction, while that of MB was synergistic of electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction, and hydrogen bond. It was found that the uptake processes of MB dye onto all adsorbents fitted Freundlich while both cations were described by Langmuir model. The thermodynamic parameters
o and
o indicated the endothermic nature and spontaneity of the processes, respectively.
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16
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Ji M, Wang X, Usman M, Liu F, Dan Y, Zhou L, Campanaro S, Luo G, Sang W. Effects of different feedstocks-based biochar on soil remediation: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118655. [PMID: 34896220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As a promising amendment, biochar has excellent characteristics and can be used as a remediation agent for diverse types of soil pollution. Biochar is mostly made from agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, and biosolids (eg, sewage sludge), but not all the biochar has the same performance in the improvement of soil quality. There is a lack of guidelines devoted to the selection of biochar to be used for different types of soil pollution, and this can undermine the remediation efficiency. To shed light on this sensitive issue, this review focus on the following aspects, (i) how feedstocks affect biochar properties, (ii) the effects of biochar on heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil, and (iii) the impact on greenhouse gas emissions from soil. Generally, the biochars produced from crop residue and woody biomass which are composed of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose are more suitable for organic pollution remediation and greenhouse gas emission reduction, while biochar with high ash content are more suitable for cationic organic pollutant and heavy metal pollution (manure and sludge, etc.). Additionally, the effect of biochar on soil microorganisms shows that gram-negative bacteria in soil tend to use WB biochar with high lignin content, while biochar from OW (rich in P, K, Mg, and other nutrients) is more able to promote enzyme activity. Finally, our recommendations on feedstocks selection are presented in the form of a flow diagram, which is precisely intended to be used as a support for decisions on the crucial proportioning conditions to be selected for the preparation of biochar having specific properties and to maximize its efficiency in pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ji
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Bioproducts Science & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University (WSU), Richland, WA, USA; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feihong Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yitong Dan
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | | | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wenjing Sang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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17
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Malunga SM, Chaukura N, Mbiriri CI, Gwenzi W, Moyo M, Kuvarega AT. The Visible light photodegradation of methyl orange and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in wastewater. S AFR J SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2022/10938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Water pollution due to dyes and pathogens is problematic worldwide, and the disease burden is higher in low-income countries where water treatment facilities are usually inadequate. Thus the development of low-cost techniques for the removal of dyes and pathogens in aquatic systems is critical for safeguarding human and ecological health. In this work, we report the fabrication and use of a photocatalyst derived from waste from coal combustion in removing dyes and pathogens from wastewater. Higher TiO2 loading of the photocatalyst increased the removal efficiency for methyl orange (95.5%), and fluorine-doping improved the disinfection efficacy from 76% to 95% relative to unmodified material. Overall, the work effectively converted hazardous waste into a value-added product that has potential in point-of-use water treatment. Future research should focus on upscaling the technique, investigating the fate of the potential of the photocatalysts for multiple reuse, and the recovery of TiO2 in treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibongile M. Malunga
- Chemistry Department, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | - Nhamo Chaukura
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa
| | - Chiedza I. Mbiriri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | - Willis Gwenzi
- Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Mambo Moyo
- Department of Chemical Technology, Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
| | - Alex T. Kuvarega
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
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18
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Li X, Shi J, Luo X. Enhanced adsorption of rhodamine B from water by Fe-N co-modified biochar: Preparation, performance, mechanism and reusability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126103. [PMID: 34634463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To adsorb rhodamine B (RhB) in wastewater by pristine biochar was limited, while the modified biochar has shown great potential adsorption performance. Here, coconut shell mixed with FeSO4·7H2O and urea was prepared to synthesize Fe-N co-modified biochar by once pyrolysis method at 500℃. The results showed Fe-N-BC had larger surface area (972.8714 m2·g-1), higher developed porous structure (0.65016 cm3·g-1), and more oxygen-containing groups, which collectively contributed to significantly improve the adsorption performance of the Fe-N-BC towards RhB. The maximum adsorption capacity of RhB reached 12.41 mg·g-1 by Fe-N-BC which was 1.58, 1.43 and 1.26 folds than that of BC, N-BC and Fe-BC, respectively. The mechanism of adsorption for Fe-N-BC towards RhB including ion exchange, pore filling, surface complexation, H-bond and π-π interaction. This study indicates that Fe-N-BC is an excellent adsorbent for RhB removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, 710055 Shaanxi, Xi'an, PR China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, MOE, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Jingxin Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China; State Engineering Research Center of Water Resources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Xianxin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, PR China
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19
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Bentley MJ, Kearns JP, Murphy BM, Summers RS. Pre-pyrolysis metal and base addition catalyzes pore development and improves organic micropollutant adsorption to pine biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131949. [PMID: 34426297 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochars were produced from pine feedstock pretreated with aqueous base, NaOH, at pH 9 and 11, and alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) Na, K, Ca, and Mg at 10-3 and 1 M. The effects of base and AAEM feedstock pretreatment on biochar surface area, pore size distribution, and adsorption capacity of two organic micropollutants (OMPs), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and sulfamethoxazole, from surface water with background dissolved organic matter (DOM) were evaluated. Base pretreatment significantly increased surface area within micropores (<2 nm diameter). AAEM pretreatment caused pore widening, increasing surface area within pores >2 nm in diameter. The catalytic activity of AAEMs, assessed by generation of non-micropore surface area, decreased in the following order: Ca > K > Na > Mg. All pretreated biochars outperformed untreated biochar for OMP adsorption. Biochar pretreated by aqueous base at pH 11 showed over an order of magnitude increase in OMP adsorption, nearly matching the performance of commercial activated carbon. OMP adsorption from surface water was positively correlated with biochar micropore surface area and negatively correlated with non-micropore surface area, which was linked to higher levels of DOM competition. Base and AAEM pretreatment of biochar feedstocks can increase OMP adsorption for water treatment applications by tuning pore structure and surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bentley
- University of Colorado Boulder, Environmental Engineering, 4001 Discovery Drive - 607 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Joshua P Kearns
- Aqueous Solutions, 1935 Pike Rd, Moravian Falls, NC, 28654, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Murphy
- Carollo Engineers, 390 Interlocken Crescent, Suite 800, Broomfield, CO, 80021, USA.
| | - R Scott Summers
- University of Colorado Boulder, Environmental Engineering, 4001 Discovery Drive - 607 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
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20
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Nan H, Yin J, Yang F, Luo Y, Zhao L, Cao X. Pyrolysis temperature-dependent carbon retention and stability of biochar with participation of calcium: Implications to carbon sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117566. [PMID: 34153610 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Converting biomass waste into biochar by slow pyrolysis with subsequent soil amendment is a prospective approach with multiple environmental benefits including soil contamination remediation, soil amelioration and carbon sequestration. This study selected cow manure as precursor to produce biochar under 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C, and a remarkable promotion of carbon (C) retention in biochar by incorporation of exogenous Ca was achieved at all investigated pyrolysis temperatures. The C retention was elevated from 49.2 to 68.3% of pristine biochars to 66.1-79.7% of Ca-composite biochars. It was interesting that extent of this improvement increased gradually with rising of pyrolysis temperature, i.e., doping Ca in biomass promoted pyrolytic C retention in biochar by 16.6%, 23.4%, 29.1% and 31.1% for 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C, respectively. Thermogravimetric-mass spectrometer (TG-MS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Ca catalyzed thermal-chemical reactions and simultaneously suppressed the release of small organic molecular substances (C2-C7) via physical blocking (CaO, CaCO3, and CaClOH) and chemical bonding (CO and OC-O). The catalyzation mainly occurred at 200-400 °C, while the suppression was more prominent at higher temperatures. Raman spectra and 2D FTIR analysis on biochar microstructure showed that presence of Ca had negative influence on carbon aromatization and thus weakened biochar's stability, while increasing pyrolysis temperature enhanced the stability of carbon structure. Finally, with integrating "C retention" during pyrolysis and "C stability" in biochar, the maximum C sequestration (56.3%) was achieved at 600 °C with the participation of Ca. The study highlights the importance of both Ca and pyrolysis temperature in enhancing biochar's capacity of sequestrating C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Nan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianxiang Yin
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ying Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, China
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21
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Zhang L, Cheng H, Pan D, Wu Y, Ji R, Li W, Jiang X, Han J. One-pot pyrolysis of a typical invasive plant into nitrogen-doped biochars for efficient sorption of phthalate esters from aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130712. [PMID: 33971415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Invasive plants pose a significant threat to natural ecosystems because of their high adaptability, rapid propagation and spreading ability in the environment. In this study, a typical aquatic invasive plant, Pistia stratiotes, was chosen as a novel feedstock for the preparation of nitrogen-doped biochars (NBs) for the first time, and the NBs were used as efficient sorbents to remove phthalate esters (PAEs) from aqueous solution. Characterization results showed that NBs possess great pore structure (up to 126.72 m2 g-1), high nitrogen (2.02%-2.66%) and ash (24.7%-34.1%) content, abundant surface functional groups, hydrophobicity and a graphene structure. Batch sorption experiments were performed to investigate the sorption performance, processes and mechanisms. The capacities for PAEs sorption onto NBs were high, especially with NBs pyrolyzed at 700 °C, ranging up to 161.7 mg g-1 for diethyl phthalate and 85.4 mg g-1 for dibutyl phthalate; these levels were better than many reported for other sorbents. With kinetic and isotherm results, Pseudo-second order and Freundlich models fit the sorption data well, and chemical interactions involving hydrogen bonding, Lewis acid-base interaction, functional group interaction, cation-π interaction and π-π stacking interaction were identified as possible rate-limited steps. Moreover, Intra-particle diffusion and Dubinin-Radushkevich models indicated that multiple pore filling and partitioning dominated the process of PAEs sorption onto NBs. This study opens the door for new methods of pollution control with waste treatment, since invasive plant biomass resources were converted into advanced biochars for efficient environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liumeng Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Hu Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China.
| | - Deng Pan
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Yarui Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing Construction Engineering Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100015, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Rongting Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China
| | - Jiangang Han
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Huaian, Jiangsu, 223100, PR China.
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22
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Cui X, Zhang J, Pan M, Lin Q, Khan MB, Yang X, He Z, Yan B, Chen G. Double-edged effects of polyvinyl chloride addition on heavy metal separation and biochar production during pyrolysis of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125793. [PMID: 33836327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis is a promising technique to achieve the sustainable utilization of heavy metal hyperaccumulator derived from phytoremediation of contaminated soils. To investigate the feasibility of synergistic treatment of hyperaccumulator and plastic waste (i.e. polyvinyl chloride, PVC), co-pyrolysis of Sedum alfredii and different mass percentages of PVC (5-25 wt%) was conducted at 300-900 °C in the present study. High pyrolysis temperature and low PVC addition amount (5 wt%) effectively promoted the volatilization of Cd and Zn from S. alfredii, while high PVC addition amount (15 wt% and 25 wt%) caused a significant suppression effect at insufficient pyrolysis temperatures. After PVC addition, the yields of biochar increased by 5.18-37.19% as compared with the theoretical values. However, the concentrations of Cd and Zn leached from biochar significantly elevated with increasing PVC addition amount, indicating that the addition of PVC improved the mobility of Cd and Zn in biochar. Moreover, S. alfredii derived biochars showed considerable sorption capacity for Cd (87.6-198.3 mg/g). These results imply that the addition of PVC has double-edged effects on heavy metal separation and biochar production during pyrolysis of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator, and low PVC addition amount and sufficient pyrolysis temperature are beneficial for the further utilization of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minghui Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenli He
- Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tianjin Key lab of Biomass Waste Utilization, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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23
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Wu W, Yan B, Sun Y, Zhong L, Lu W, Chen G. Potential of yak dung-derived hydrochar as fertilizer: Mechanism and model of controlled release of nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 781:146665. [PMID: 33798895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Improving fertilizer efficiency with assistance of biochar has drawn much attention in sustainable agriculture. Promoting slow-release properties of biochar itself with cost-effective production technology is a pressing demand. In this study, hydrochar derived from nutrition-enriched yak dung (HC) and corresponding controlled release nitrogen fertilizer (HCRNF) via HCl modifying were studied, and the slow release performance as well as mechanisms were investigated. The results show that HCRNF presents a better N controlled-release performance with cumulative N release amounts of 56.01%-70.30% compared with 72.60%-78.45% of HC. The specific surface area reached highest 47.161 m2·g-1 in HCRNFs with the pore volume of 0.098 cm3·g-1. Hydrochloric acid modification treatment increases the surface acid group contents such as phenolic hydroxyl group content increasing to 1.48 mmol·g-1 in HCRNF250. Because the porous structure and stable internal force between N and O-containing functional groups are improved, the N desorption from HCRNF is retarded, which shows a controlled release behavior. We concluded that the HCRNF via HCl modification in this work has a great application potential as slow released N fertilizer in sustainable green agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yuru Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Lei Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| | - Wenlong Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, PR China
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24
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Yang CX, Zhu Q, Dong WP, Fan YQ, Wang WL. Preparation and Characterization of Phosphoric Acid-Modified Biochar Nanomaterials with Highly Efficient Adsorption and Photodegradation Ability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9253-9263. [PMID: 34286996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoric acid-modified biochar (PMBC) was prepared using biochar (BC) as the carbon source and phosphoric acid as the activating agent. The PMBC exhibited an ordered vessel structure after deashing treatment, but the sidewalls became much rougher, the polarity (O/C atomic ratio of BC = 0.2320 and O/C atomic ratio of PMBC = 0.1604) decreased, and the isoelectric points (PI of BC = 5.22 and PI of PMBC = 5.51) and specific surface area (SSA of BC = 55.322 m2/g and SSA of PMBC = 62.285 m2/g) increased. The adsorption characterization of the removal of sulfadiazine (SDZ) from PMBC was studied. The adsorption of SDZ by PMBC was in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and the adsorption thermodynamics were shown as Gibbs free energy < 0, an enthalpy change of 19.157 kJ/mol, and an entropy change of 0.0718 kJ/(K·mol). The adsorption of SDZ by PMBC was a complicated monolayer adsorption that was spontaneous, irreversible, and endothermic, and physical adsorption and chemical adsorption occurred simultaneously. The adsorption process was controlled by microporous capture, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen-bond interactions, and π-π interactions. PMBC@TiO2 photocatalysts with different mass ratios between TiO2 and PMBC were prepared via the in situ sol-gel method. PMBC@TiO2 exhibited both an ordered vessel structure (PMBC) and irregular particles (TiO2), and it was linked via Ti-O-C bonds. The optimal mass ratio between TiO2 and PMBC was 3:1. The removal of SDZ via PMBC@TiO2 was dependent on the coupling of adsorption and photocatalysis. The PMBC-enhanced photocatalytic performance of PMBC@TiO2 resulted in a higher absorption of UV and visible light, greater generation of reactive oxygen species, high levels of adsorption of SDZ on PMBC, and the conjugated structure and oxygen-containing functional groups that promoted the separation efficiency of the hole-electron pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xi Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Shandong Research Center of Statistical Analysis of Science and Technology, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Wen Ping Dong
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Science Co., Ltd., Jinan 250013, China
- Shandong Huankeyuan Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yu Qi Fan
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Wei Liang Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
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25
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Mpatani FM, Han R, Aryee AA, Kani AN, Li Z, Qu L. Adsorption performance of modified agricultural waste materials for removal of emerging micro-contaminant bisphenol A: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146629. [PMID: 34030339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is an attempt to assess the adsorption performance of different green adsorbents derived from agricultural waste materials (AWMs) that were used for the elimination of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous matrices. Different processes including grafting, polymerization, activation and chemical treatment have been applied to functionalize and modify agricultural waste materials for the purposes of increasing their adsorptive performances toward BPA. The highest reported adsorption capacity of adsorbent from agricultural waste for the uptake of BPA is the highly microporous carbon adsorbent derived from Argan nut shell (1408 mg g-1). Hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and π-π interactions were reported in most studies as the main mechanisms governing the adsorption of BPA onto agricultural waste adsorbents. Equilibrium isotherm and kinetic studies for the uptake of BPA onto agricultural waste adsorbents were best described by Langmuir/Freundlich model and pseudo-second order model, respectively. Despite the effective elimination of BPA by various agricultural waste adsorbents, an appropriate selection of elution solvent is important for effective desorption of BPA from spent adsorbent. To date, ethanol, diethyl ether-methanol, methanol-acetic acid, mineral acids and sodium hydroxide are the most eluents applied for desorption of BPA molecules loaded onto AW-adsorbents. Looking toward the future, studies on the agricultural waste adsorbents based on polymers, activated carbons, nanoparticles and highly microporous carbons should be mostly considered by the researchers toward removing BPA. These future studies should be performed both in laboratory, pilot and industrial scales, and also should report the sustainable techniques for disposal of the spent AW-adsorbents after lose their adsorption performance on BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Mzee Mpatani
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Runping Han
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aaron Albert Aryee
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Nti Kani
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Kexue Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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26
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Wu L, Zhang H, Xu Z, Wang C, Chen W, Ni J, Wei R. Biochar-mediated reduction of m-nitrotoluene: Interaction between reduction of m-nitrotoluene and sequestration of contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145662. [PMID: 33940750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a highly effective adsorbent for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), and acts as an electron shuttle that mediates the reduction of NACs. Hence, when biochar is used to mediate NAC reduction, adsorption and reduction will occur simultaneously and affect each other. However, the effect of biochar-mediated NAC reduction on sorption remains unknown. Eight biochars with different physicochemical properties were used to adsorb m-nitrotoluene and mediate its reduction. The results showed that the adsorption of m-nitrotoluene onto the various biochars facilitated its reduction, whereas biochar-mediated reduction retarded and weakened contaminant adsorption, which increased the environmental risk posed by m-nitrotoluene. Nevertheless, biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity not only had a great catalytic ability, but also significantly alleviated the negative effect of reduction on adsorption. This was ascribed to the π-π interaction and pore-filling effect, which played more important roles than the hydrophobic effect in adsorbing the reduction product (m-toluidine) onto the studied biochars during reduction. Furthermore, the methanol extraction results indicated that the eight biochars presented significantly stronger sequestration abilities for adsorbed m-toluidine than for adsorbed m-nitrotoluene. This resulted from the hydrogen bonding and the Lewis acid-base effect between m-toluidine and each biochar, which were absent for m-nitrotoluene. These results suggest that biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity are applicable for mediating reduction-enhancing sequestration of NACs, which could be a novel strategy for NAC remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhu Xu
- Yangzhou Haitong Electronic Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
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27
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Yu L, Gamliel DP, Markunas B, Valla JA. A Promising Solution for Food Waste: Preparing Activated Carbons for Phenol Removal from Water Streams. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8870-8883. [PMID: 33842758 PMCID: PMC8028020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Phenol and its derivatives are highly toxic chemicals and are widely used in various industrial applications. Therefore, the industrial wastewater streams must be treated to lower the concentration of phenol before discharge. At the same time, food waste has been a major environmental problem globally and the scientific community is eagerly seeking effective management solutions. The objective of this study was to understand the potential of utilizing food waste as a renewable and sustainable resource for the production of activated carbons for the removal of phenol from water streams. The food waste was pyrolyzed and physically activated by steam. The pyrolysis and activation conditions were optimized to obtain activated carbons with high surface area. The activated carbon with the highest surface area, 745 m2 g-1, was derived via activation at 950 °C for 1 h. A detailed characterization of the physicochemical and morphological properties of the activated carbons derived from food waste was performed and a comprehensive adsorption study was conducted to investigate the potential of using the activated carbons for phenol removal from water streams. The effects of pH, contact time, and initial concentration of phenol in water were studied and adsorption models were applied to experimental data to interpret the adsorption process. A remarkable phenol adsorption capacity of 568 mg g-1 was achieved. The results indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was better over the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to describe the kinetics of adsorption. The intraparticle diffusion model showed multiple regions, suggesting that the intraparticle diffusion was not the sole rate-controlling step of adsorption. The Langmuir isotherm model was the best model out of Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models to describe the phenol adsorption on activated carbons derived from food waste. This study demonstrated that food waste could be utilized to produce activated carbon and it showed promising capacity on phenol removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
| | - David P. Gamliel
- Physical
Sciences Incorporated, 20 New England Business Center Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Brianna Markunas
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
| | - Julia A. Valla
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road, Unit 3222, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4602, United States
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28
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Deng Y, Yan C, Nie M, Ding M. Bisphenol A adsorption behavior on soil and biochar: impact of dissolved organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-12723-1. [PMID: 33625712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from soil (SDOM) and biochar (BDOM) plays an important role in the fate of pollutants for the application of biochar in soil remediation. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of DOM on the adsorption of soil and/or biochar-bisphenol A (BPA) system. Hence, batch sorption experiments combined with quenching titration experiments were processed to reveal these behaviors and complexation mechanisms based on red soil and corn straw biochar. Moreover, multiple spectral technologies and methods were also introduced including ultraviolet-visible, three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix, synchronous fluorescence spectrum, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), and parallel factor analysis. Isothermal adsorption results showed that the non-linearity and the adsorption capacity both increased after the addition of biochar, indicating that biochar could improve the surface adsorption capacity of the sorption system. Besides, the sorption capacity of BPA decreased for soil while increased for biochar after removal of the water-extractable DOM. 2D-COS analysis showed that the protein-like components preferentially occurred for both SDOM and BDOM under BPA surrounding. In addition, C2 (humic-like), C4 (tyrosine-like), and C5 (tryptophan-like) in the two DOMs were all involved in the quenching reaction with BPA, with C4 and C5 having higher quenching degree than C2, suggesting that protein-like substances had stronger affinity quenching effect with BPA. This study highlighted the significance of fluorescence property for DOM, which can extend the knowledge of the fate of pollutants in the application of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Deng
- School of Geography and Environment, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Caixia Yan
- School of Geography and Environment, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Minghua Nie
- School of Geography and Environment, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Mingjun Ding
- School of Geography and Environment, Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China
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29
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Zhao J, Zhou D, Zhang J, Li F, Chu G, Wu M, Pan B, Steinberg CEW. The contrasting role of minerals in biochars in bisphenol A and sulfamethoxazole sorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128490. [PMID: 33035951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biochars are one of carbon-rich substances that have attracted enormous attention because of its values in energy storage, carbon sequestration, and environment remediation. Apart from the carbon structure, biochars also contain inherent mineral component and polar functional groups. However, the importance of the inherent minerals to the stability of biochars as well as the sorption of organic compounds remains unclear. In this work, the demineralized treatment by the hydrofluoric acid was employed to remove the inorganic minerals from biochars produced at 300 and 500 °C. The inorganic minerals in biochars were identified and quantified by XRD, XPS and SEM-EDS techniques. Approximately 75% of biochar minerals belonged to the Si- and Al-containing minerals, which connected with carbon skeletons. The impact of these minerals to bisphenol A (BPA) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) sorption was investigated. The mineral removal decreased BPA sorption but increased SMX sorption. Moreover, the relative contributions of surface adsorption and partition processes were quantified for both compounds through isotherm modeling. The BPA sorption was regulated by the joint effect of adsorption and partition, while more than 82% of the SMX sorption was dominated by the partition process. Such understanding of biochar minerals and carbon structure to the migration of organic contaminants will benefit biochar production and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Gang Chu
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China; Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Christian E W Steinberg
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Arboret Späthstr. 80/81, 12437, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Hayoun B, Bourouina-Bacha S, Pazos M, Sanromán MA, Benkhennouche-Bouchene H, Deflaoui O, Hamaidi-Maouche N, Bourouina M. Production of modified sunflowers seed shells for the removal of bisphenol A. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3516-3533. [PMID: 35424307 PMCID: PMC8694028 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09137e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In this present study, an abundant, available lignocellulosic biomass, sunflower seed shells, SSS, was used as a precursor to prepare an effective eco-adsorbent by treatment with H2SO4. A study of the surface characteristics of raw and acid-treated SSS (ACS) has shown that the addition of H2SO4 greatly affected the physicochemical properties of the obtained eco-adsorbent, improving the BET surface area from 6.106 to 27.145 m2 g-1 and surface oxygen-rich functional groups. Batch experiments were performed to assess the removal efficiency of a phenolic compound, bisphenol A (BPA), on the adsorbents. Several parameters were evaluated and are discussed (contact time, pollutant concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH), determining that the adsorption efficiency of BPA onto SSS was notably improved, from 20.56% to 87.81% when a sulfuric acid solution was used. Different canonical and stochastic isotherm models were evaluated to predict the experimental behaviour. A dynamic study was performed based on the models of reaction kinetics and those of mass transfer. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics of BPA obey the fractal like-kinetic model of Hill for all experimental conditions. The equilibrium data are well suited to the Hill-Sips isotherm model with a determination coefficient >0.999. The kinetic modelling also indicates that the adsorption processes of BPA onto ACS are exothermic and proceed through a physical mechanism. A mass transfer study, using simplified models, proved that the process is controlled by intraparticle and film resistances to mass transfer of the BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahdja Hayoun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Bejaia Bejaia 06000 Algeria
- CINTECX-Universidade de Vigo, Department of Chemical Engineering Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Saliha Bourouina-Bacha
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia Bejaia 06000 Algeria
| | - Marta Pazos
- CINTECX-Universidade de Vigo, Department of Chemical Engineering Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Ma Angeles Sanromán
- CINTECX-Universidade de Vigo, Department of Chemical Engineering Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, University of Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | | | - Ourida Deflaoui
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia Bejaia 06000 Algeria
| | - Nassima Hamaidi-Maouche
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia Bejaia 06000 Algeria
| | - Mustapha Bourouina
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of Bejaia Bejaia 06000 Algeria
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Yao X, Ji L, Guo J, Ge S, Lu W, Chen Y, Cai L, Wang Y, Song W. An abundant porous biochar material derived from wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) with high adsorption performance for three organic dyes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124082. [PMID: 32932115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an activated wakame biochar material (AWBM) was prepared by a one-step calcination and activation method, whose adsorption performances for methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RB) and malachite green (MG) were also analyzed. The results showed AWBM was a mesoporous fluffy structure material with a higher specific surface (1156.25 m2/g), exhibiting superior adsorption capacities for MB (841.64 mg/g), RB (533.77 mg/g) and MG (4066.96 mg/g), respectively. In addition, FT-IR analysis showed that AWBM possessed abundant active groups (such as -OH, -CO and -CH), further enhancing the adsorption efficiencies. The Langmuir model could better fit the three dyes adsorption isotherms process using AWBM, and the Pseudo-second-order model could better describe the adsorption kinetic experimental data. The thermodynamic analysis showed that the three dyes adsorption using AWBM was spontaneous endothermic reaction. This study suggests AWBM has enormous potential in the application of removing organic dyes from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yao
- College of Naval Architecture and Mechanical-Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
| | - Jian Guo
- College of Food and Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Shaoliang Ge
- College of Port and Transportation Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Wencheng Lu
- College of Naval Architecture and Mechanical-Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Yingna Chen
- College of Food and Medical, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Donghai Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Wendong Song
- College of Petrochemical and Energy Engineering College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
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Zhang H, Chen W, Li Q, Zhang X, Wang C, Yang L, Wei R, Ni J. Difference in characteristics and nutrient retention between biochars produced in nitrogen-flow and air-limitation atmospheres. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:1396-1407. [PMID: 33016453 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The different effects of nitrogen-flow (NF) and air-limitation (AL) pyrolysis on the characteristics and nutrient retention of biochars (BCs) are unclear. Hence, in this study, BCs derived from bamboo, corn straw, and wheat straw were produced in AL and NF atmospheres at various temperatures (300-750 °C), and their different characteristics and nutrient retention rates were compared systematically. Nitrogen-flow pyrolysis facilitates C retention and graphitic C formation, and AL pyrolysis improves the polarity and supports the formation of oxygen-containing groups. With increasing pyrolysis temperature, C retention and graphitic C formation in BCs derived from AL pyrolysis decreases more significantly compared with BCs from NF pyrolysis. At 750 °C, the polarity and oxygen-containing groups of BCs derived from AL pyrolysis increase, whereas those from BCs derived from NF pyrolysis decrease. The observations are attributable to the AL and high-temperature-enhanced oxidization and gasification of C. An AL atmosphere with a higher pyrolysis temperature supports porosity and results in a larger specific surface area. Although pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere have negligible effects on nutrient retention, a low pyrolysis temperature facilitates the formation of water-soluble Ca, Mg, and P, and AL pyrolysis facilitates the formation of water-soluble P because the high pyrolysis temperature improves the pH and mineral stability of BCs, and air limitation facilitates the oxidation of organic P into PO4 3- . This study provides a reference for selecting AL or NF pyrolysis based on various pyrolysis temperatures to produce BCs and applying these in C sequestration, contaminant sorption, and soil quantity improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Liuming Yang
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Ran Wei
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of Geographical Science/Ministry of Education Key Lab. of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process/Fujian Provincial Key Lab. for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350007
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Li J, Chen Y, He L, Liang N, Wang L, Zhao J, Pan B. Sorption of sulfamethoxazole on biochars of varying mineral content. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1287-1294. [PMID: 32338261 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00102c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sorption characteristics of ionizable organic contaminants on biochars are currently unclear, largely because of the different mineral content and pH of the investigated biochars. This study examines the sorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on a number of biochars with different ash contents (KCl and Ca-containing minerals), surface areas (SAs), and acid-basic properties. SMX sorption on biochars produced at 200 °C showed higher sorption compared to sorption on biochars produced above 300 °C due to the hydrophobic effect, hydrogen bonds, and π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions (π-π EDA interactions) resulting from a larger fraction of neutral SMX present in the sorption system. Under alkaline conditions, less sorption nonlinearity was observed, probably resulting from the limited contact between the dissociated SMX- and the negatively charged surface of biochars. Significant sorption observed at alkaline pH was attributed to the negative charge assisted hydrogen-bond (-(CAHB)). When the pyrolysis temperature increased above 400 °C, the increase in the SA of the biochars facilitated apparent sorption. Ca-containing minerals in biochars may provide additional sorption sites for SMX- through electrostatic interactions. This study indicates that the overall sorption of SMX was governed by a combination of factors such as the surface charge, functional groups, SA, and mineral composition of biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China. and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China
| | - Liping He
- Yunnan Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, China
| | - Ni Liang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China. and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China. and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China. and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China. and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
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Tao W, Duan W, Liu C, Zhu D, Si X, Zhu R, Oleszczuk P, Pan B. Formation of persistent free radicals in biochar derived from rice straw based on a detailed analysis of pyrolysis kinetics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136575. [PMID: 32007870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The presence of persistent free radicals (PFR) in biochars may greatly broaden the application of biochars in pollution control, but may also cause negative impacts to the environment. Understanding the structural basis and the formation mechanisms of PFR is essential for a targeted biochar production and application. This study used rice straw (RS), a ubiquitous agricultural waste, to investigate the generation processes of PFR in relation to RS pyrolysis kinetics. Based on a detailed thermogravimetric (TG) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis, the activation energy was calculated by Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) methods. This work combined pyrolysis kinetics analysis and solid particle characterization. Our results showed that lignin started to pyrolyze at a lower temperature than cellulose and hemicellulose. Lignin was the main factor for PFR generation. Chemical bond breaking contributed only slightly to PFR formation. The reconfiguration of the carbonaceous structures may be a more important contributor to PFR formation, while the cross-linking between different compositions and the interactions between the chemical compositions and inorganic minerals may play a significant role for PFR generation and stabilization in RS. This study provides useful theoretical basis to understand the thermal pyrolysis process of RS and the manipulation of biochar properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmei Tao
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenyan Duan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunbo Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, Yunnan, China
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoxi Si
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, Yunnan, China
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Kozyatnyk I, Yacout DMM, Van Caneghem J, Jansson S. Comparative environmental assessment of end-of-life carbonaceous water treatment adsorbents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122866. [PMID: 32014730 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates and compares the environmental impacts arising from the disposal of different carbonaceous sorbents used for wastewater treatment. Three different adsorption materials were considered, i.e. activated carbon, biochar and hydrochar, and three end-of-life management approaches, i.e. incineration, regeneration and landfilling. The highest overall environmental impact was of Carcinogenic effects and Freshwater Ecotoxicity due to emissions of heavy metals during production of all types of sorbents. The use of materials with higher adsorption capacities and regeneration of carbonaceous materials were considered and shown to be an efficient way for reducing the overall environmental impacts of the different adsorbents. The compensation of fossil fuel incineration by using recovered heat led to negative impacts in all categories. Recirculation of HTC process water reduced the impact on Freshwater Ecotoxicity and Eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kozyatnyk
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dalia M M Yacout
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jo Van Caneghem
- TC Materials Technology, KU Leuven, Group T Leuven Campus, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stina Jansson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
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Chen W, Zhang H, Wang C, Yang L, Ni J, Wei R. Differential roles of ash in sorption of triclosan to wood-derived biochars produced at different temperatures. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:335-345. [PMID: 33016435 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is composed of carbonaceous and inorganic (ash) fractions. The structural properties of carbonaceous fractions and the composition of ash in biochar are both variable with pyrolysis temperature. However, it is unknown whether ash may play different roles in sorption of organic compounds to the carbonaceous fraction of biochars produced at different temperatures. Hence, in this study, the pristine biochars produced at 300-900°C and their corresponding deashed biochars were investigated, and the combined roles of carbonaceous fraction and ash in sorption of triclosan were compared. The results showed that the biochars produced at 300-400°C had high content of uncarbonized organic structure with dominating partition effect. The combination of uncarbonized organic structure and ash had comparable or even higher sorption coefficient (KD ) for triclosan at low concentration compared with a single uncarbonized organic structure. However, for the biochars produced at 600-900°C, which were mainly composed of carbonized or graphitized carbon structure, ash had significant effect on triclosan sorption by reducing surface adsorption and pore filling effect. The combination of carbonaceous fraction and ash decreased KD values for triclosan at any tested concentrations. In addition, the results of pH effect on sorption indicated that ash possibly decreased the electrostatic repulsion of deprotonated phenolic hydroxyl between biochars and triclosan. Accordingly, it will be more valuable to design biochars for pollutant sorption from the perspective of combined role of carbonaceous fraction and ash rather than a single role of carbonaceous fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Chen
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Liuming Yang
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- College of Geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China
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Wang P, Liu X, Yu B, Wu X, Xu J, Dong F, Zheng Y. Characterization of peanut-shell biochar and the mechanisms underlying its sorption for atrazine and nicosulfuron in aqueous solution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 702:134767. [PMID: 31726335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the sorption of atrazine and nicosulfuron onto several experimentally produced biochars, as well as to understand the influence of biochar structure on sorption mechanisms. Nine biochars were generated by pyrolyzing peanut shell at 300, 450, or 600 °C and exposing samples to each of the several deashing treatments: none, water or HCl. The sorption of atrazine and nicosulfuron by the nine biochars were evaluated. Biochars were characterized via elemental analyzer, BET-N2 surface area, FTIR and XPS. Three kinetic models were used to fit the sorption kinetics data and both the Freundlich and dual-mode models described the sorption isotherms well. All the biochar samples exhibited high sorption affinity for both atrazine and nicosulfuron. The sorption mechanisms of the biochar included hydrophobic partition, π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions, H-bonding, and pore-filling mechanism, and these mechanisms were dependent on both the degree of biochar carbonization and the concentration of atrazine or nicosulfuron. Ash could bind to atrazine and nicosulfuron by specific interactions but played a negative role in the sorption, especially on high pyrolyzing temperature biochars. These results will facilitate the production of efficient and cheap adsorbents for reducing the risk of atrazine and nicosulfuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Bochi Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Xiong Z, Sarmah AK, Padhye LP. Acidic surface functional groups control chemisorption of ammonium onto carbon materials in aqueous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134193. [PMID: 31514032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Elucidation of mechanistic insight into the interaction of carbon materials' physicochemical surface properties and ammonium (NH4+) adsorption in aqueous media was made by conducting a systematic study using a wide range of carbon materials. Three types of biochars (rice husk, poultry litter, and enhanced poultry litter) and activated carbons (fresh and aged coconut shell-based and charcoal-based) were used for investigating the NH4+ adsorption mechanism. Poultry litter biochar, with lowest surface area (3 m2 g-1) and largest pore diameter (29 nm), showed the highest NH4+ adsorption capacity (0.34 mg NH4+g-1), while charcoal-based activated carbon, with the highest surface area (1133 m2 g-1) and small pore diameter (6 nm), had the least NH4+ adsorption capacity (0.09 mg NH4+g-1). The value of Freundlich isotherm constant 'n' was >1 for all tested carbon materials indicating chemisorption as the dominant sorption mechanism. Aging of the carbon surface resulted in 30% increase in NH4+ retention. Surface chemical properties that most influenced NH4+ chemisorption on to carbon materials were found to be acidic surface functional groups (ASFGs), elemental composition, ash content, and pH. The optimal conditions for NH4+ adsorption, regardless of type and source of carbon materials, were solution pH of 8, a high amount of ash content, and carboxyl, carbonyl, and phenolic functional groups. Evaluation of CEC and ASFGs indicated that CEC and ASFGs are not equivalent terms. Through this study, conducted on carbon adsorbents derived from different sources, with different surface physical and chemical properties, we established that ASFGs, and not CEC, play a critical role in ammonium chemisorption on carbon materials. The study showed that low cost and eco-friendly biochars, with optimal surface chemistry, can replace expensive activated carbons for NH4+ remediation in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a typical endocrine-disrupting chemical. The removal of BPA has raised much concerns in recent years. This paper examined the adsorption behavior of BPA to biochars and the different effects of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants. The results indicated that peanut shell biochars prepared at 300°C (BC300), 500°C (BC500), and 700°C (BC700) showed strong adsorption affinity for BPA, and the adsorption affinity of biochars increased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. The range of log Kd values was 2.83∼3.71, 2.91∼4.57, and 3.24∼5.50 for BC300, BC500, and BC700, respectively. Both the type of surfactants and the properties of biochars could affect the adsorption behavior of BPA. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) showed negligible effect on the adsorption of BPA on BC300, and the inhibition effect of CTAB was stronger with the increase of biochar pyrolysis temperature. Tween 20 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) showed stronger inhibition effect than CTAB, especially on BC300. This is likely because the inhibition effect caused by competition of CTAB may be counterbalanced by the enhancement caused by the partitioning effect by adsorbed CTAB and the bridge effect between the –NH4+ group of CTAB and the phenol group on BPA/O-functional groups of biochars, whereas Tween 20 and SDBS do not have this bridge effect advantage. This study could provide insightful information for the application of biochars in removal of BPA.
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40
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Liu Z, Tian D, Shen F, Long L, Zhang Y, Yang G, Zeng Y, Zhang J, He J, Zhu Y, Deng S. Elucidating dominant factors of PO43–, Cd2+ and nitrobenzene removal by biochar: A comparative investigation based on distinguishable biochars. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang C, Chen W, Yang L, Wei R, Ni J, Yang Y. Insights into the roles of the morphological carbon structure and ash in the sorption of aromatic compounds to wood-derived biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133455. [PMID: 31362225 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, it is still lack of systematic and in-depth knowledge regarding the co-effect of carbon-based fractions and ash in the sorption behavior of biochars. Therefore, pristine wood-derived biochars (PBCs) produced at different temperatures and their corresponding de-ashed versions (DBCs) were used to determine the roles of carbon's morphological structure and ash in sorption of aromatic compounds (toluene, m-toluidine, and m-nitrotoluene) to biochars. The results showed that biochars produced at 300-400 °C (mainly uncarbonized organic matter, UCOM) and 900 °C (turbostratic carbon, TC) may have stronger partition effect and pore filling effect with π-π interaction, respectively, and thus have greater sorption coefficients (Lg Kd) than biochars produced at 600 °C (pyrogenic amorphous carbon, PAC), which are probably dominated by surface hydrophobic effect. Meanwhile, TC had a greater Lg Kd than UCOM at low adsorbate concentrations (Ce), but exhibited an opposite trend at high Ce. The Lg Kd values of DBCs are always greater than those of PBCs, indicating ash has an inhibitory effect on sorption of aromatic compounds to biochars. Furthermore, the role of ash in sorption behavior of PBCs would vary with solution pH. At a neutral pH, PBCs have the maximum sorption quantity for aromatic compounds due to the formed cation-π bond between cations of ash and aromatic compounds. However, the acidic pH enhanced the dissolution of cations in ash and the basic pH enhanced the hydroxylation of cations in ash. Therefore, both acidic and basic pH weakened the cation-π bond between ash and aromatic compounds and decreased the sorption of aromatic compounds on PBCs. The results suggest that de-ashed biochars with more UCOM or TC are effective sorbents for sequestration of aromatic compounds, and provide a well-designed method for improving the sorption efficiency of biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiting Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Liuming Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
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Zhao Z, Nie T, Zhou W. Enhanced biochar stabilities and adsorption properties for tetracycline by synthesizing silica-composited biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113015. [PMID: 31400663 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The silica-composited biochars (SBC) were synthesized by adding silica particulates into bamboo biomass during pyrolysis at 700 °C to examine the effect of silica addition on biochar stabilities and adsorption properties for tetracycline (TC). Silica addition increased the total pore volume and average pore diameter of biochar due to the abundant mesopores in SBC, but decreased specific surface area due to the blockage of biochar pore with silica particles. Biochar stability was obviously enhanced with silica addition due to the decreased atomic ratio of H/C and O/C, the reduced C loss amount after chemical oxidation treatment, and the increased thermal stability. The adsorption capacities of SBC for TC were greatly enhanced with silica addition and increased with the increasing silica addition amount, which can be attributed to the facilitating effect of π-π electron donor acceptor (EDA) interaction and pore-filling effect. In addition, silica addition can also effectively enhance the oxidation resistance of biochar for TC adsorption, since the decreased degree (δ) of TC adsorption amounts on the biochars after chemical oxidation decreased with the increasing silica addition level. The observed positive correlations between δ values and the corresponding C loss amount of biochars after chemical oxidation suggested that the high carbon stability was favorable for the maintenance of biochar adsorption capacity. These results can provide a new way to improve biochar stabilities, aging resistance, and adsorption properties for organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Tiantian Nie
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Chu G, Zhao J, Liu Y, Lang D, Wu M, Pan B, Steinberg CEW. The relative importance of different carbon structures in biochars to carbamazepine and bisphenol A sorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:106-114. [PMID: 30909135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbon-rich material, has attracted immense attention owing to its applications in soil remediation. However, the mechanisms by which heterogeneous carbon structures of biochars immobilize organic contaminants are not yet fully understood. In this study, the noncondensed aromatic components in biochars were selectively removed through bleaching. Different techniques, such as 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, were applied to characterize the biochar compositions, and thus the role of the different carbon structures in organic contaminant sorption was discussed. The aromatic carbon structures in biochars were gradually developed and evolved from noncondensed to condensed structure with increasing pyrolytic temperatures from 300 to 700 °C. Based on elemental analysis, the carbon removed by bleaching decreased from 43.9% to 5.92% with increasing temperatures. After the surface area normalization of the apparent sorption, bleaching increased the sorption of carbamazepine and bisphenol A on biochars produced at 500 °C, but not for those produced at 300 and 700 °C. Bleaching removed noncondensed aromatics and enriched condensed aromatics, which resulted in increased sorption. However, bleaching also resulted in the blockage of micropores in biochars with abundant condensed aromatics, causing decreased sorption. The apparent sorption was determined by the balancing of these two opposite effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China; Faculty of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Di Lang
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Christian E W Steinberg
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Arboretum, Späthstr. 80/81, 12437, Berlin, Germany
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Chang Z, Tian L, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Li F, Wu M, Pan B. Combining bulk characterization and benzene polycarboxylic acid molecular markers to describe biochar properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:381-388. [PMID: 31005668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of biochar determined its sorption of organic contaminations, and the environmental aging process changed the biochar properties. However, the correlation between biochar heterogeneous properties and their sorption characteristics is unclear. In this study, peanut shell biochars were produced at 200-700 °C, and HNO3/H2SO4 was used to oxidize 400 °C biochar for 2-10 h to simulate the enhanced aging process of biochar in the environment. Benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) molecular markers, and bulk characterization were analyzed to describe biochar physicochemical properties and to further predict the sorption characteristics to bisphenol A (BPA). For pristine biochars, the mellitic acid/BPCAs (B6CA/BPCAs) increased with the raise of pyrolysis temperature and the H/C atomic ratio was positively correlated with benzenepentacarboxylic acid/B6CA (B5CA/B6CA) (P < 0.01), which indicated the increased aromatic condensation. After HNO3/H2SO4 treatment, the aromaticity (H/C ratio) decreased while the highly condensed components in biochars were enriched (increased B6CA/BPCAs values). Multiple regression models were adopted to establish a quantitative relationship between biochar heterogeneous properties and their sorption of BPA. Both nonlinearity coefficient N values (N = 0.08 + 0.103 B5CA/B6CA + 0.721 (O + N)/C, R2 = 0.985) and single-point sorption coefficients log Kd (log Kd = 1.236 + 0.006 BPCAs + 1.449 (O + N)/C, R2 = 0.936) could be estimated combining molecular markers and polarity parameters for biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Luping Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Institute of Environmental Science, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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Choi YK, Kan E. Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of alfalfa-derived biochar for the adsorption of bisphenol A and sulfamethoxazole in water. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:741-748. [PMID: 30504049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports alfalfa (one of most abundant hays in U.S)-derived biochar for effective removal of emerging contaminants in water for the first time. The physicochemical properties of alfalfa-derived biochar (AF-BC) made at various pyrolysis temperatures were investigated, and correlated with the adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in water. The increase in pyrolysis temperatures from 350 °C to 650 °C for the pyrolysis of AF led to a drastic increase in surface area and carbonization with the loss of functional groups. The AF-derived biochar made at 650 °C showed much higher adsorption capacities for BPA and SMX than those made at 350-550 °C, mainly owing to the hydrophobic and π-π interactions supported by its high surface area and degree of carbonization. The adsorption isotherms fitted the Freundlich for BPA and Temkin models for SMX well, respectively. The adsorption capacities of AF 650 for BPA and SMX were higher than those of other biochars but lower than those of commercial activated carbon. The pH-dependent desorption for AF 650 showed high efficiency for SMX, but low efficiency for BPA indicating needs for alternative regeneration methods for BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Keun Choi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering & Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Stephenville, Texas A&M University, USA; Department of Wildlife, Sustainability, and Ecosystem Sciences, Tarleton State University, USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering & Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Stephenville, Texas A&M University, USA; Department of Wildlife, Sustainability, and Ecosystem Sciences, Tarleton State University, USA.
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Chen W, Wei R, Yang L, Yang Y, Li G, Ni J. Characteristics of wood-derived biochars produced at different temperatures before and after deashing: Their different potential advantages in environmental applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:2762-2771. [PMID: 30463130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ash in biochar has great influence on the characteristics of biochars. This study systematically compared the differences in physico-chemical properties between pristine biochars (PBCs) and deashed biochars (DBCs) produced at different temperatures (300-900 °C), and specifically analyzed their different advantages in environmental applications. In terms of all the PBCs and DBCs, PBC of 900 °C and the corresponding DBC have the highest degree of graphitization that is recalcitrant in environment, they are benefit for carbon sequestration. PBC of 300 °C and the corresponding DBC have the highest content of O-containing functional groups and aliphaticity that is labile in environment, they are potential carbon source for the growth of soil organisms. PBCs of 300-400 °C have the greatest releasable PO43- content (0.418-0.441 mg/g), and PBCs of 700-900 °C have highest pH (9.28-9.59) and mineral elements content (11.58-12.64 mg/g), they are potential provision of P, and acid soil amendments with potential provision of mineral elements, respectively. DBCs of 300-400 °C possess less competitive cations including Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, and Zn (1.49-2.01 mg/g) and highest content of O-containing functional groups, they are good sorbents for heavy metals, meanwhile these DBCs have the lowest pH (4.49-4.70) that are potential amendments for alkaline soil. Moreover, DBCs of 900 °C have the highest surface area (SA) (351 m2/g), the most developed porosity, and the highest releasable NH4+ content (0.052 mg/g), they are good sorbents for hydrophobic organic pollutants and potential provision of N. This study gives an effective guidance for selecting the suitable biochars-design (deashing or non-deashing) according to their applications in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Liuming Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Guangpo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
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Fan R, Chen CL, Lin JY, Tzeng JH, Huang CP, Dong C, Huang CP. Adsorption characteristics of ammonium ion onto hydrous biochars in dilute aqueous solutions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:465-472. [PMID: 30390539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This research aims at studying the characteristics of ammonium adsorption onto hydrous bamboo biochar. Results showed that pH played the most important role in ammonium adsorption. High ionic strength enhanced the ammonium adsorption capacity of bamboo biochar. Ammonium adsorption was exothermic and spontaneous. FTIR results showed shift, disappearance, or appearance of specific functional groups on the bamboo biochar surface. Surface precipitation and complex formation contributed to the adsorption of ammonium onto hydrous bamboo biochar. Biochar can be an effective adsorbate for ammonium removal from water. Additionally, the formation of nitrogen containing precipitates on the biochar surface, potentially, leads to the in-situ synthesis of slow-release fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruemei Fan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Ching-Lung Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jui-Yen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jing-Hua Tzeng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Chih-Pin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-chu, Taiwan
| | - Chengdi Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C P Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Wang RZ, Huang DL, Zhang C, Liu YG, Zeng GM, Lai C, Gong XM, Cheng M, Wan J, Zhang Q. Insights into the effect of chemical treatment on the physicochemical characteristics and adsorption behavior of pig manure-derived biochars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1962-1972. [PMID: 30460656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemical treatment could improve the adsorption performance of biochars (BC). In order to deal with Pb(II) pollution, four types of biochars including unmodified, acid-treated, alkali-treated, and magnetic-treated pig manure-derived biochars (PBCs) were prepared. The effect of chemical treatment on the physical property, chemical composition, and the adsorption behavior of biochars was compared. Magnetic and alkali treatment improved pore volume and specific surface areas, and the adsorption capacity and rates were enhanced. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of acid-treated BC decreased due to the significant decrease of ash content. The magnetic samples displayed the satisfactory absorption performance, which could achieve 99.8% removal efficiency within 15 min at a Pb(II) concentration of 50 mg/L. Considering its properties of excellent adsorption performance, fast reaction rate, and convenient recovery by an external magnetic field, magnetic biochar based on pig manure may provide an effective way to remove heavy metals and decrease the pig manure solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zhong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Lian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Guo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guang-Ming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Min Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Chu G, Zhao J, Huang Y, Zhou D, Liu Y, Wu M, Peng H, Zhao Q, Pan B, Steinberg CEW. Phosphoric acid pretreatment enhances the specific surface areas of biochars by generation of micropores. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:1-9. [PMID: 29729563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochars are being increasingly applied in soil for carbon sequestration, fertility improvement, as well as contamination remediation. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) pretreatment is a method for biochar modification, but the mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this work, biochars and the raw biomass were treated by H3PO4 prior to pyrolysis. Due to an acid catalysis and crosslink, the micropores of the pretreated particles were much more than those without H3PO4 pretreatment, resulting in the dramatical enhancement of specific surface areas of the pretreated particles. Crystalline cellulose (CL) exhibited a greater advantage in the formation of micropores than of amorphous lignin (LG) with H3PO4 modification. The formation mechanisms of micropores were: (a) H+ from H3PO4 contributes to micropores generation via H+ catalysis process; (b) the organic phosphate bridge protected the carbon skeleton from micropore collapse via the crosslinking of phosphate radical. The sorption capacities to carbamazepine (CBZ) and bisphenol A (BPA) increased after H3PO4 modification, which is ascribed to the large hydrophobic surface areas and more abundant micropores. Overall, H3PO4 pretreatment produced biochars with large surface area and high abundance of porous structures. Furthermore, the H3PO4 modified biochars can be applied as high adsorbing material as well as P-rich fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Hongbo Peng
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environment Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Christian E W Steinberg
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Arboretum, Späthstr. 80/81, 12437, Berlin, Germany
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50
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Wang Z, Zhu Y, Chen H, Wu H, Ye C. Fabrication of three functionalized silica adsorbents: Impact of co-immobilization of imidazole, phenyl and long-chain alkyl groups on bisphenol A adsorption from high salt aqueous solutions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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