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Vadakkan K, Sathishkumar K, Raphael R, Mapranathukaran VO, Mathew J, Jose B. Review on biochar as a sustainable green resource for the rehabilitation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 941:173679. [PMID: 38844221 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Petroleum pollution is one of the primary threats to the environment and public health. Therefore, it is essential to create new strategies and enhance current ones. The process of biological reclamation, which utilizes a biological agent to eliminate harmful substances from polluted soil, has drawn much interest. Biochars are inexpensive, environmentally beneficial carbon compounds extensively employed to remove petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment. Biochar has demonstrated an excellent capability to remediate soil pollutants because of its abundant supply of the required raw materials, sustainability, affordability, high efficacy, substantial specific surface area, and desired physical-chemical surface characteristics. This paper reviews biochar's methods, effectiveness, and possible toxic effects on the natural environment, amended biochar, and their integration with other remediating materials towards sustainable remediation of petroleum-polluted soil environments. Efforts are being undertaken to enhance the effectiveness of biochar in the hydrocarbon-based rehabilitation approach by altering its characteristics. Additionally, the adsorption, biodegradability, chemical breakdown, and regenerative facets of biochar amendment and combined usage culminated in augmenting the remedial effectiveness. Lastly, several shortcomings of the prevailing methods and prospective directions were provided to overcome the constraints in tailored biochar studies for long-term performance stability and ecological sustainability towards restoring petroleum hydrocarbon adultered soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayeen Vadakkan
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Mary's College (Autonomous), Thrissur, Kerala 680020, India.
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India.
| | - Rini Raphael
- Department of Zoology, Carmel College (Autonomous), Mala, Kerala 680732, India
| | | | - Jennees Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, Morning Star Home Science College, Angamaly, Kerala 683589, India
| | - Beena Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Vimala College (Autonomous), Thrissur 680009, Kerala, India
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Gao X, Yang J, Liu W, Li X, Zhang W, Wang A. Effects of alkaline biochar on nitrogen transformation with fertilizer in agricultural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116084. [PMID: 37217125 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The loss and negative impacts of nitrogen from fertilized soils remain a global challenge in agricultural field. Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) leaching, together with volatile ammonia loss are the main pathways of nitrogen loss. To improve nitrogen availability, alkaline biochar with improved adsorption capacities is a promising soil amendment. This study was objected to investigate the effects of alkaline biochar (ABC, pH 8.68) on nitrogen mitigation, the effects on nitrogen loss, and the interactions among the mixed soils (biochar, nitrogen fertilizer, and soil) under both pot and field experiments. From pot experiments, ABC addition resulted in the poor reservation of NH4+-N which converted to volatile NH3 under higher alkaline environments, mainly occurring in the first 3 days. But after, NO3--N could be largely retained in surface soil by ABC addition. The reservation of NO3--N by ABC offsets the loss of volatile NH3, and ABC ultimately showed positive reservations of nitrogen with fertilization. In the field experiment, the addition of urea inhibitor (UI) addition could inhibit the volatile NH3 loss caused by ABC mainly in the first week. The long-term operation demonstrated that ABC supported persistent effectiveness in reducing N loss, while UI treatment temporarily delayed the N loss through inhibition of fertilizer hydrolysis. Therefore, the addition of both ABC and UI contributed to reserve soil N in layers (0-50 cm) suitable for crop growth thus improving crops growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Xiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Wenzhe Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
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Piccirillo C. Preparation, characterisation and applications of bone char, a food waste-derived sustainable material: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117896. [PMID: 37080100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of increasing quantities of by-products is a key challenge for modern society; their valorisation - turning them into valuable compounds with technological applications - is the way forward, in line with circular economy principles. In this review, the conversion of bones (by-products of the agro-food industry) into bone char is described. Bone char is obtained with a process of pyrolysis, which converts the organic carbon into an inorganic graphitic one. Differently from standard biochar of plant origin, however, bone char also contains calcium phosphates, the main component of bone (often hydroxyapatite). The combination of calcium phosphate and graphitic carbon makes bone char a unique material, with different possible uses. Here bone chars' applications in environmental remediation, sustainable agriculture, catalysis and electrochemistry are discussed; several aspects are considered, including the bones used to prepare bone char, the preparation conditions, how these affect the properties of the materials (i.e. porosity, surface area) and its functional properties. The advantages and limitations of bone chars in comparison to traditional biochar are discussed, highlighting the directions the research should take for bone chars' performances to improve. Moreover, an analysis on the sustainability of bone chars' preparation and use is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Piccirillo
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecoteckne, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Palansooriya KN, Dissanayake PD, Igalavithana AD, Tang R, Cai Y, Chang SX. Converting food waste into soil amendments for improving soil sustainability and crop productivity: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163311. [PMID: 37044338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
One-third of the annual food produced globally is wasted and much of the food waste (FW) is unutilized; however, FW can be valorized into value-added industrial products such as biofuel, chemicals, and biomaterials. Converting FW into soil amendments such as compost, vermicompost, anaerobic digestate, biofertilizer, biochar, and engineered biochar is one of the best nutrient recovery and FW reuse approaches. The soil application of FW-based amendments can improve soil fertility, increase crop production, and reduce contaminants by altering soil's chemical, physical, microbial, and faunal properties. However, the efficiency of the amendment for improving ecosystem sustainability depends on the type of FW, conversion method, application rate, soil type, and crop type. Engineered biochar/biochar composite materials produced using FW have been identified as promising amendments for soil remediation, reducing commercial fertilizer usage, and increasing soil nutrient use efficiency. The development of quality standards and implementation of policies and regulations at all stages of the food supply chain are necessary to manage (reduce and re-use) FW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronggui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada.
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Yang Y. Improvement of rural soil properties and states by biomass carbon under the concept of sustainability: A research progress. Front Chem 2022; 10:1078170. [DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1078170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass carbon is a highly aromatic carbonaceous solid obtained by thermochemical reaction of biomass raw materials. It is frequently used in the research and application of soil properties and states improvement. Biomass carbon has abundant porous structure, high specific surface area and surface functional groups. After being applied to the soil, it has a significant impact on manipulating the physichemical properties of the soil, enhancing the microbial environment and remediating soil pollutants, which is conducive to the resource utilization of agricultural wastes and the long-term preservation of the environment. Based on 328 moderately to highly relevant literatures on biomass carbon and rural soil property improvement since 2010, this paper reviewed the contemporary research progress of biomass carbon application in soil property improvements utilizing the concept of sustainable development. In order to provide beneficial illumination for the complete implementation of biomass carbon in improving rural soil properties, this paper primarily evaluated the principle as well as mechanism of promoting sustainable soil properties. It tends to prospect the application and development aspirations of biomass carbon in soil ecological restoration, crop growth, development.
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Liu X, Li X, Hua Y, Sinkkonen A, Romantschuk M, Lv Y, Wu Q, Hui N. Meat and bone meal stimulates microbial diversity and suppresses plant pathogens in asparagus straw composting. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953783. [PMID: 36204619 PMCID: PMC9530395 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat and bone meal (MBM), as slaughterhouse waste, is a potential biostimulating agent, but its efficiency and reliability in composting are largely unknown. To access the MBM application to the composting process of asparagus straw rice, we followed the composting process for 60 days in 220-L composters and another 180 days in 20-L buckets in treatments applied with MBM or urea. The microbial succession was investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Compared with urea treatments, MBM addition stabilized pH and extended the thermophilic phase for 7 days. The germination index of MBM treatments was 24.76% higher than that of urea treatments. MBM also promoted higher microbial diversity and shifted community compositions. Organic matter and pH were the most significant factors that influence the bacterial and fungal community structure. At the genus level, MBM enriched relative abundances of organic matter-degrading bacteria (Alterococcus) and lignocellulose-degrading fungi (Trichoderma), as well as lignocellulolytic enzyme activities. Notably, MBM addition decreased sum abundances of plant pathogenic fungi of Phaeoacremonium, Acremonium, and Geosmithia from 17.27 to 0.11%. This study demonstrated the potential of MBM as an effective additive in asparagus straw composting, thus providing insights into the development of new industrial aerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinfeng Hua
- Shanghai Pudong Development (Group) CO., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Department of Garden Technologies, Horticulture Technologies, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Romantschuk
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
| | - Yanfang Lv
- Food Safety Key Lab of Liaoning Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Boda Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Yixing, China
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
- *Correspondence: Nan Hui
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Cavazzoli S, Selonen V, Rantalainen AL, Sinkkonen A, Romantschuk M, Squartini A. Natural additives contribute to hydrocarbon and heavy metal co-contaminated soil remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119569. [PMID: 35680061 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A biological treatment method was tested in laboratory conditions for the removal of hydrocarbons contained in a waste disposal soil sample consisting of excavated sandy soil from a former fueling station. Two fractions of hydrocarbons were quantified by GC-FID: diesel (C10-C21) and lubricant oil (C22-C40). Meat and bone meal (MBM, 1% w/w) was used as a bio-stimulant agent for soil organisms. Cyclodextrin, an oligosaccharide produced from starch by enzymatic conversion, was also used to assess its ability to improve the bioavailability/biodegradability of hydrocarbons in the soil. Parameters such as temperature, pH, water content and aeration (O2 availability) were monitored and optimized to favor degradation processes. Two different experimental tests were prepared: one to measure the degradation of hydrocarbons; the other to monitor the mobility of some elements in the soil and in the leachate produced by watering with tap water. Soil samples treated with MBM and cyclodextrin showed, over time, a greater removal of the more persistent hydrocarbon fraction (lubricant oil). MBM-treated soils underwent a faster hydrocarbon removal kinetic, especially in the first treatment period. However, the final hydrocarbon concentrations are comparable in all treatments, including control. Over time, the effect of cyclodextrin on hydrocarbon degradation seemed to be relevant. MBM-treated soils sequestered lead in the very first weeks. These results highlight the intrinsic capacity of soil, and its indigenous microbial communities, to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons and suggest that MBM-induced bioremediation is a promising, environmentally friendly technology which should be considered when dealing with hydrocarbon/heavy metal co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cavazzoli
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland.
| | - Ville Selonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Anna-Lea Rantalainen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland Luke, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4 A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Martin Romantschuk
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Via Dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
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Cavazzoli S, Selonen V, Rantalainen AL, Sinkkonen A, Romantschuk M, Squartini A. Dataset on bio-stimulation experiments for the removal of hydrocarbons and the monitoring of certain elements in a contaminated soil. Data Brief 2022; 43:108487. [PMID: 35959162 PMCID: PMC9357847 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat and Bone Meal (MBM) and β-cyclodextrin were added to a soil sample co-contaminated by hydrocarbons (diesel fraction C10-C21 and lubricant oil fraction C22-C40) and heavy metals to promote soil remediation. The pilot study was conducted in the laboratory, maintaining optimal conditions (i.e., temperature, pH, water content, soil aeration) to facilitate hydrocarbon biodegradation. Two different experimental tests were prepared: one for the analysis of hydrocarbons in soil, the other to monitor the dynamics of some elements of interest. For the first test, the two hydrocarbon fractions in the soil were quantified separately by GC-FID, following the ISO 16703:2004(E) standard protocol. Sampling and analysis were done every two weeks, for three consecutive months. For the second test (dynamics of certain elements in the soil), soil and leachate samples were analyzed by ICP-MS after appropriate pretreatment steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Cavazzoli
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano 77, 38123, Trento, Italy
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
- Corresponding author. @SimoCava91
| | - Ville Selonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
| | - Anna-Lea Rantalainen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland Luke, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4 A, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Martin Romantschuk
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, Lahti FI-15140, Finland
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16 - 35020 Legnaro, Veneto, Italy (PD)
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Narayanan M, Ma Y. Influences of Biochar on Bioremediation/Phytoremediation Potential of Metal-Contaminated Soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:929730. [PMID: 35756072 PMCID: PMC9218714 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of anthropogenic and weathering activities accumulate heavy metals in soils, causing adverse effects on soil characteristics, microbial activity (diversity), agricultural practices, and underground aquifers. Controlling soil heavy metal pollution is difficult due to its persistence in soils, resulting in the deposition and transmission into the food web via agricultural food products, ultimately affecting human health. This review critically explores the potential for remediation of metal-contaminated soils using a biochar-based responsible approach. Plant-based biochar is an auspicious bio-based residue substance that can be used for metal-polluted soil remediation and soil improvement as a sustainable approach. Plants with rapid growth and increased biomass can meet the requirements for phytoremediation in large quantities. Recent research indicates significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of metal accumulation and contaminant movement in plants used for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soil. Excessive contamination reduces plant biomass and growth, which has substantial hyperaccumulating possibilities and is detrimental to the phytoremediation process. Biochar derived from various plant sources can promote the growth and phytoremediation competence of native or wild plants grown in metal-polluted soil. Carbon-enriched biochar encourages native microbial growth by neutralizing pH and providing nutritional support. Thus, this review critically discusses the influence of plant and agricultural waste-based biochar on plant phytoremediation potential in metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Division of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Miri S, Perez JAE, Brar SK, Rouissi T, Martel R. Sustainable production and co-immobilization of cold-active enzymes from Pseudomonas sp. for BTEX biodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117678. [PMID: 34380234 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Toluene/o-Xylene Monooxygenase (ToMO) is equipped with a broad spectrum of aromatic substrate specificity (such as BTEX; benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and isomers of xylenes). TOMO has can hydroxylate more than a single position of aromatic rings in two consecutive monooxygenation reactions. Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (C1,2D) is an iron-containing enzyme able to cleave the ring of catechol (the converted product from ToMO) for complete detoxification of BTEX. In this study, cold-active ToMO and C1,2D were produced using newly isolated psychrophilic Pseudomonas S2TR-14 in the minimal salt medium supplemented with crustacean waste and different concentrations of used motor oil (0.2-2% (v/v)). Crude ToMO and C1,2D were immobilized into micro/nano biochar-chitosan matrices and used for BTEX biodegradation. The results showed that the highest enzyme production (12 U/mg for ToMO and 22 U/mg for C1,2D) was achieved at the presence of 0.5% v/v used motor oil compared to the control group without motor oil (0.07 and 0.06 U/mg). High immobilization yield was achieved due to covalent bonding of ToMO (92.26% for micro matrix and 77.20% for nano matrix) and C1,2D (87.57% for micro matrix and 74.79% for nano matrix) with matrices. FTIR spectra confirmed the immobilization of enzymes on the surface of microbiochar and nanobiochar-chitosan matrices as proper support. The immobilization increased the storage stability of the enzymes with more than 50% residual activity after 30 days at 4 ± 1 °C, while the free form of enzymes had less than 10% of its activity. Immobilized enzymes degraded more than 80% of BTEX (~200 mg/L in groundwater and ~10,000 mg/kg in soil) at 10 ± 1 °C in groundwater and soil. Therefore, integrated use of microbiochar and nanobiochar with chitosan for co-immobilization of ToMO and C1,2D can be a potential way to remove petroleum hydrocarbons with higher efficiency from contaminated groundwater and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Miri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada; Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Jose Alberto Espejel Perez
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University La Salle Mexico, 45 Benjamin Franklin Cuauthmoc, Mexico City, ZP 06140, Mexico
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada; Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Tarek Rouissi
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Richard Martel
- Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique, Centre-Eau, Terre et Environnement, 490, Rue de La Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
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Dike CC, Shahsavari E, Surapaneni A, Shah K, Ball AS. Can biochar be an effective and reliable biostimulating agent for the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106553. [PMID: 33872955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons represent one of the most common soil contaminants, whose presence poses a significant risk to soil biota and human health; for example, in Europe, hydrocarbon contamination accounts for more than 30% of contaminated sites. The use of biochar as a proposed alternative to the conventional remediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons has gained credence in recent times because of its cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly nature. Biochar is a carbonaceous material produced by heating biomass in an oxygen-limited environment at high temperature. This review provides an overview of the application of biochar to remediate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, with emphasis on the possibility of biochar functioning as a biostimulation agent. The properties of biochar were also examined. Furthermore, the mechanism, ecotoxicological impact and possible factors affecting biochar-based remediation are discussed. The review concludes by examining the drawbacks of biochar use in the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils and how to mitigate them. Biochar impacts soil microbes, which may result in the promotion of the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. Linear regression between bacterial population and degradation efficiency showed that R2 was higher (0.50) and significant in treatment amended with biochar or both biochar and nutrient/fertiliser (p < 0.01), compared to treatment with nutrient/fertiliser only or no amendment (R2 = 0.11). This suggest that one of the key impacts of biochar is enhancing microbial biomass and thus the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Biochar represents a promising biostimulation agent for the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. However, there remains key questions to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Chinyere Dike
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; ARC Training Centre for the Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Esmaeil Shahsavari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; ARC Training Centre for the Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Aravind Surapaneni
- South East Water, 101 Wells Street, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia; ARC Training Centre for the Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Kalpit Shah
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; ARC Training Centre for the Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Andrew S Ball
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; ARC Training Centre for the Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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12
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Kim J, Lee AH, Chang W. Manipulation of Unfrozen Water Retention for Enhancing Petroleum Hydrocarbon Biodegradation in Seasonally Freezing and Frozen Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9172-9180. [PMID: 34156830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the retention of unfrozen water in freezing contaminated soil to achieve prolonged bioremediation in cold climates remains unformulated. This freezing-induced biodegradation experiment shows how nutrient and zeolite amendments affect unfrozen water retention and hydrocarbon biodegradation in field-aged, petroleum-contaminated soils undergoing seasonal freezing. During soil freezing at a site-specific rate (4 to -10 °C and -0.2 °C/d), the effect of nutrients was predominant during early freezing (4 to -5 °C), alleviating the abrupt soil-freezing stress near the freezing-point depressions, elevating alkB1 gene-harboring populations, and enhancing hydrocarbon biodegradation. Subsequently, the effect of increased unfrozen water retention associated with added zeolite surface areas was critical in extending hydrocarbon biodegradation to the frozen phase (-5 to -10 °C). A series of soil-freezing characteristic curves with empirical α-values (soil-freezing index) were constructed for the tested soils and shown alongside representative curves for clays to sands, indicating correlations between α-values and nutrient concentrations (soil electrical conductivity), zeolite addition (surface area), and hydrocarbon biodegradation. Heavier hydrocarbons (F3: C16-C34) notably biodegraded in all treated soils (22-37% removal), as confirmed by biomarker-based analyses (17α(H),21β(H)-hopane), whereas lighter hydrocarbons were not biodegraded. Below 0 °C, finer-grained soils (high α-values) can be biostimulated more readily than coarser-grained soils (low α-values).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Kim
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Engineering Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Aslan Hwanhwi Lee
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Engineering Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Wonjae Chang
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Engineering Building, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A9, Canada
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Microbial Succession under Freeze-Thaw Events and Its Potential for Hydrocarbon Degradation in Nutrient-Amended Antarctic Soil. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9030609. [PMID: 33809442 PMCID: PMC8000410 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The polar regions have relatively low richness and diversity of plants and animals, and the basis of the entire ecological chain is supported by microbial diversity. In these regions, understanding the microbial response against environmental factors and anthropogenic disturbances is essential to understand patterns better, prevent isolated events, and apply biotechnology strategies. The Antarctic continent has been increasingly affected by anthropogenic contamination, and its constant temperature fluctuations limit the application of clean recovery strategies, such as bioremediation. We evaluated the bacterial response in oil-contaminated soil through a nutrient-amended microcosm experiment using two temperature regimes: (i) 4 °C and (ii) a freeze–thaw cycle (FTC) alternating between −20 and 4 °C. Bacterial taxa, such as Myxococcales, Chitinophagaceae, and Acidimicrobiales, were strongly related to the FTC. Rhodococcus was positively related to contaminated soils and further stimulated under FTC conditions. Additionally, the nutrient-amended treatment under the FTC regime enhanced bacterial groups with known biodegradation potential and was efficient in removing hydrocarbons of diesel oil. The experimental design, rates of bacterial succession, and level of hydrocarbon transformation can be considered as a baseline for further studies aimed at improving bioremediation strategies in environments affected by FTC regimes.
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Gao Y, Li T, Fu Q, Li H, Liu D, Ji Y, Li Q, Cai Y. Biochar application for the improvement of water-soil environments and carbon emissions under freeze-thaw conditions: An in-situ field trial. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:138007. [PMID: 32217383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies about biochar application in seasonally frozen soil areas. The regulatory mechanism of biochar on the water-soil environment and carbon emissions in seasonally frozen soil areas is unclear, which affects the study of nutrient migration and spring cropping systems under the control of biochar. For this purpose, we monitored the soil temperature (Ts), soil liquid moisture content (Ms) and soil respiration (Rs) rate during the freeze-thaw period under different application amounts of corn stover biochar (0 t∙ha-1, 15 t∙ha-1, 30 t∙ha-1, 45 t∙ha-1 and 60 t∙ha-1). The results showed that biochar can reduce the thermal conductivity of soil, thus improving the thermal insulation effect of frozen thawed soil, and Ts increased by 1.8-5.7 °C. The Ts and Ms were more sensitive to the high biochar application amount than to the low application amount. At the same time, biochar changed the soil aggregate distribution, and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the soil water retention capacity increased by increasing the macroaggregate content (>0.25 mm), and the Ms increased by 3.7-6.1%. Principal component regression (PCR) analysis showed that biochar can promote soil carbon emission, and Rs of soil treated with biochar was 0.01-0.58 μmol m-2 s-1 higher than that of the control. The Ms and Ts were the most important factors promoting the carbon emissions of freeze-thaw soil under the synergistic effect of biochar and freeze-thaw conditions. However, biochar may promote soil CO2 emissions by affecting the water-soil environment. Considering the soil moisture, seed germination and growth conditions in spring, the suitable biochar application amount was determined to be 44-51 t∙ha-1. This study provides theoretical support for determining reasonable and effective biochar control measures and improving the soil productivity of farmland soil in seasonally frozen soil areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Heng Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yi Ji
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanpeng Cai
- Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhang CW, Wu X, Liu D, Zhou W, Tan W, Fang YX, Zhang Y, Liu YQ, Li GQ. Long non-coding RNA PVT1 knockdown suppresses fibroblast-like synoviocyte inflammation and induces apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis through demethylation of sirt6. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:60. [PMID: 31303891 PMCID: PMC6604378 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a type of chronic autoimmune joint disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disorder, characterized by a variety of physical symptoms as well as RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (RA-FLS) proliferation. More recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the progression of various diseases including the progression of RA. Hence, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role by which the lncRNA, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), influences RA-FLSs and its ability to modulate the methylation of sirtuin 6 (sirt6). Methods RA rat models were initially established to determine the expression of PVT1 and sirt6 in synovial tissues and RA-FLSs. Elevation or depletion of PVT1 or sirt6 was achieved by means of transformation with plasmids in order to investigate their effects on RA-FLS proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis. The localization of PVT1 and its binding ability to the sirt6 promoter region were also explored in an attempt to elucidate the correlation between PVT1 and sirt6 methylation. Results High expression of PVT1 and low expression of sirt6 were detected in the synovial tissues and RA-FLSs of the rat models. RA-FLSs treated with sh-PVT1 or oe-sirt6 exhibited suppressed cell proliferation, inflammation and induced apoptosis. PVT1 was predominately localized in the nucleus while evidence was obtained indicating that it could bind to the sirt6 promoter to induce sirt6 methylation, thus inhibiting sirt6 transcription. PVT1 knockdown was observed to restore sirt6 expression through decreasing sirt6 methylation, thereby alleviating RA. Conclusion The key findings of the study provide evidence suggesting that, PVT1 knockdown is able to restrain RA progression by inhibiting sirt6 methylation to restore its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wang Zhang
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China.,2Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wu
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China.,2Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- 3Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tan
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Fang
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China.,2Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- 4Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- 4Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- 1Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hangjiang Road, Yangzhou, 225000 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China
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Gainer A, Bresee K, Hogan N, Siciliano SD. Advancing soil ecological risk assessments for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils in Canada: Persistence, organic carbon normalization and relevance of species assemblages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:400-410. [PMID: 30852216 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sediment toxicity studies and ecological risk assessments on organic contaminants routinely apply organic carbon normalization to toxicity data; however, no studies examine its potential for use in soils with petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination. Limited studies in soil ecotoxicology assess the influence of species assemblages used in species sensitivity distribution construction on the resulting guideline designated to of soil dwelling organisms. Canadian regulations utilize more conservative approaches to deriving guidelines with soil ecotoxicology data compared to the rest of the world, so we investigated the impact of these on soil invertebrates in a variety of field soils. In addition to toxicity, the persistence of a medium PHC mixture was also assessed in the field soils to determine the duration of toxic effects. We found organic matter influenced PHC toxicity to soil invertebrates, but persistence was influenced more by soil cation exchange capacity. Incorporating organic carbon normalization into species sensitivity distribution curves provided a higher level of protection to soil dwelling receptors in low organic matter soils as well as reduce the variability of PHC soil toxicity data. Soil remediation guidelines derived for protection of soil dwelling organisms using a diverse species assemblage provided similar levels of protection as guidelines developed with test species specific for remote, forested land uses in Canada. We conclude that: (i) Canadian hazard concentration values for PHC contamination of soils should be revisited as they may not be protective and (ii) that soil PHC guidelines for protection of soil dwelling organisms should be expressed as carbon normalized values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Gainer
- Toxicology Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | | | - Natacha Hogan
- Toxicology Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Steven D Siciliano
- Toxicology Group, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Kim J, Chang W. Modified soil respiration model (URESP) extended to sub-zero temperatures for biostimulated petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sub-Arctic soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:400-411. [PMID: 30831374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been increasingly reported that aerobic soil respiration activity (CO2 production and O2 consumption) is measurable in frozen cold-climate soils. This study modifies the Generalized Respiration (GRESP) model, a function of soil temperature (T) and unfrozen water content (M), to cover the frozen, partially frozen and unfrozen phases of successfully bioremediated, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated, sandy sub-Arctic soils. The Michaelis-Menten equation was modified to express the observable change in unfrozen water content near 0 °C, which is related to soil respiration activity during soil phase changes and at temperatures below the effective endpoint of detectable unfrozen water at -2 °C. The modified Michaelis-Menten equation was further combined with a Q10 temperature term, and was then incorporated into the GRESP equation to produce a new URESP model for the engineered soil bioremediation system at sub-zero temperatures. The URESP model was applied to published input data measured from the biostimulated site soils of a pilot-scale soil tank experiment conducted between -5 and 15 °C. The model fit well with the experimental data for CO2 production (R2 = 0.96) and O2 consumption (R2 = 0.92). A numerical soil thermal model (TEMP/W model) of the thawing biotreated soils in the tank was also used in this study to produce valid alternative (predictive) input T and M data for the URESP model. The URESP-derived respiration quotients (RQ; 0.695 to 0.698), or the ratios of CO2 production to O2 consumption, aligned with the experimental RQ values from the soil tank experiment (0.69) and fell within the theoretical RQ range for aerobic hydrocarbon degradation (0.63-0.80). The URESP model combined with the TEMP/W simulation approximated changes in soil respiration during thawing and characterized the computed soil respiration outputs as related to hydrocarbon utilization, based on their RQ values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Kim
- Department of Civil, Geological and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Wonjae Chang
- Department of Civil, Geological and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Liu X, Selonen V, Steffen K, Surakka M, Rantalainen AL, Romantschuk M, Sinkkonen A. Meat and bone meal as a novel biostimulation agent in hydrocarbon contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:574-578. [PMID: 30901652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with diesel oil is frequent and methods to improve remediation of diesel oil contaminated soils are urgently needed. The aim of the current study was to assess the potential of meat and bone meal (MBM) as a biostimulation agent to enhance diesel oil degradation in contaminated soils collected from southern Finland. MBM (2% w/w) increased oil degradation in soils when compared to natural attenuation. The increase was comparable to soils treated with a traditional fertilizer (urea). Soil pH increased rapidly in urea treated soil but remained at the level of natural attenuation in MBM treated soil, suggesting that in large-scale experiments MBM treated soils avoid the usual negative impact of urea on soil pH and ultimately microbial degradation. These results indicate that MBM addition enhances diesel oil degradation, and that MBM speeds up ex situ bioremediation of oil contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland.
| | - Ville Selonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Kari Steffen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Mea Surakka
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Anna-Lea Rantalainen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Martin Romantschuk
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140, Lahti, Finland.
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Karppinen EM, Mamet SD, Stewart KJ, Siciliano SD. The Charosphere Promotes Mineralization of 13C-Phenanthrene by Psychrotrophic Microorganisms in Greenland Soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2019; 48:559-567. [PMID: 31180417 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2018.10.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
When soil is frozen, biochar promotes petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) degradation, yet we still do not understand why. To investigate microbial biodegradation activity under frozen conditions, we placed 60-μm mesh bags containing 6% (v/v) biochar created from fishmeal, bonemeal, bone chip, or wood into PHC-contaminated soil, which was then frozen to -5°C. This created three soil niches: biochar particles, the charosphere (biochar-contiguous soil), and bulk soil outside of the bags. After 90 d, C-phenanthrene mineralization reached 55% in bonemeal biochar and 84% in bone chip biochar charosphere soil, compared with only 43% in bulk soil and 13% in bone chip biochar particles. Soil pH remained near neutral in bone chip and bonemeal biochar treatments, unlike wood biochar, which increased alkalinity and likely made phosphate unavailable for microorganisms. Generally, charosphere soil had higher aromatic degradative gene abundances than bulk soil, but gene abundance was not directly linked to C-phenanthrene mineralization. In bone chip biochar-amended soils, phosphate successfully predicted microbial community composition, and abundances of and increased in charosphere soil. Biochar effects on charosphere soil were dependent on feedstock material and suggest that optimizing the charosphere in bone-derived biochars may increase remediation success in northern regions.
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Robichaud K, Girard C, Dagher D, Stewart K, Labrecque M, Hijri M, Amyot M. Local fungi, willow and municipal compost effectively remediate petroleum-contaminated soil in the Canadian North. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:47-55. [PMID: 30579173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Low energy-input alternatives based on locally available products are needed for treating petroleum-hydrocarbon spills in northern regions. We tested the efficacy of three local biological components (municipal compost, white-rot fungus: Pleurotus ostreatus and willow: Salix planifolia) to remediate diesel-contaminated soils in a subarctic climate (Whitehorse, YT, Canada), and compared their efficacy to natural attenuation and chemical fertilizers (industry standard). After the first growing season, biologically amended treatments (BAT) that contained >2 biological components, had decreased 69-73% of the diesel's F2 fraction (C10-C16), which is more than natural attenuation or fertilizer (48 and 51%). By the third growing season, the BAT dropped below the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment's (CCME) Agricultural & Residential/Parkland guideline (<150 mg kg-1) and 86% of willows had survived and developed extensive roots. MiSeq amplicon sequencing of fungal (ITS) and bacterial (16S) rRNA genes showed the BAT's microbial communities were significantly more abundant and diverse. We found 132 bacterial and 35 fungal genera unique to the BAT. Readily-available local biological components such as municipal compost, fungi and willows may provide an effective alternative to applications of imported chemical fertilizers for the bioremediation and revegetation of diesel-contaminated soil in northern environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawina Robichaud
- Center for Northern Studies, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent d'Indy, Montréal QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Catherine Girard
- Sentinelle Nord, Center for Northern Studies, Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Université Laval, 1030 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dimitri Dagher
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Katherine Stewart
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada; Yukon Research Center, Yukon College, 500 College Dr, Whitehorse, Yukon, Y1A 5K4, Canada
| | - Michel Labrecque
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - Marc Amyot
- Center for Northern Studies, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 Vincent d'Indy, Montréal QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.
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Kong L, Gao Y, Zhou Q, Zhao X, Sun Z. Biochar accelerates PAHs biodegradation in petroleum-polluted soil by biostimulation strategy. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 343:276-284. [PMID: 28988053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sawdust and wheat straw biochars prepared at 300°C and 500°C were applied to petroleum-polluted soil for an 84-day incubation to estimate their effectiveness on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal. Biochars alone were most effective at reducing PAHs contents. However, adding biochar to soils in company with NaN3 solution resulted in a decreasing trend in terms of PAHs removal, which was even lower than treatment CK without biochar. Moreover, it was discovered by PCR-DGGE files and sequencing analysis that the predominant bacterial diversity slightly decreased but the abundance of some specific taxa, including PAHs degraders, was promoted with biochar input. These results highlighted the potential of biochar application on accelerating PAHs biodegradation, which could be attributed to the properties of biochars that benefit for making the amended soil a better habitat for microbes. The impacts of biochar preparation and pollutants nature on PAHs removal were also determined. Significant reduction in the PAHs contents was detected when adding biochar prepared at a high temperature (500°C), while the feedstocks of biochar showed little effect on PAHs removal. Due to the high hydrophobicity of aromatic rings, high-molecular weight PAHs were found much more resistant to microbial degradation in comparison with low-molecular weight PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Kong
- Resource and Environment Department, Shijiazhuang University, Hebei, 050000, China; Post-Doctoral Research Station of Ecology, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050024, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Tourism, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Resource and Environment Department, Shijiazhuang University, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Resource and Environment Department, Shijiazhuang University, Hebei, 050000, China
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Kim J, Lee AH, Chang W. Enhanced bioremediation of nutrient-amended, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils over a cold-climate winter: The rate and extent of hydrocarbon biodegradation and microbial response in a pilot-scale biopile subjected to natural seasonal freeze-thaw temperatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:903-913. [PMID: 28886542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale biopile field experiment for nutrient-amended petroleum-contaminated fine-grained soils was performed over the winter at a cold-climate site. The rate and extent of hydrocarbon biodegradation and microbial responses were determined and corresponded to the on-site soil phase changes (from unfrozen to partially frozen, deeply frozen, and thawed) associated with natural seasonal freeze-thaw conditions. Treated and untreated biopiles were constructed (~3500kg each) on an open outdoor surface at a remediation facility in Saskatoon, Canada. The treated biopile received N-P-K-based nutrient and humate amendments before seasonal freezing. Real-time field monitoring indicated significant unfrozen water content in the treated and untreated biopiles throughout the freezing period, from the middle of November to early March. Unfrozen water was slightly more available in the treated biopile due to the aqueous nutrient supply. Soil CO2 production and O2 consumption in the treated biopile were generally greater than in the untreated biopile. Total removal percentages for F2 (>C10-C16), F3 (>C16-C34), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in the treated biopile were 57, 58, and 58%, respectively, of which 26, 39, and 33% were removed during seasonal freezing and early thawing between November to early March. F3 degradation largely occurred during freezing while F2 hydrocarbons were primarily removed during thawing. Biomarker-based hydrocarbon analyses confirmed enhanced biodegradation in the treated biopile during freezing. The soil treatment increased the first-order rate constants for F2, F3, and TPH degradation by a factor of 2 to 7 compared to the untreated biopile. Shifts in bacterial community appeared in both biopiles as the biopile soils seasonally froze and thawed. Increased alkB1 gene copy numbers in the treated biopile, especially in the partially thawed phase during early thawing, suggest extended hydrocarbon biodegradation to the seasonal freeze-thaw season, due to the nutrients supplied prior to seasonal freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Kim
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Aslan Hwanhwi Lee
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Wonjae Chang
- Department of Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Oliveira FR, Patel AK, Jaisi DP, Adhikari S, Lu H, Khanal SK. Environmental application of biochar: Current status and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 246:110-122. [PMID: 28863990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant interest on biochar for various environmental applications, e.g., pollutants removal, carbon sequestration, and soil amelioration. Biochar has several unique properties, which makes it an efficient, cost-effective and environmentally-friendly material for diverse contaminants removal. The variability in physicochemical properties (e.g., surface area, microporosity, and pH) provides an avenue for biochar to maximize its efficacy to targeted applications. This review aims to highlight the vital role of surface architecture of biochar in different environmental applications. Particularly, it provides a critical review of current research updates related to the pollutants interaction with surface functional groups of biochars and the effect of the parameters variability on biochar attributes pertinent to specific pollutants removal, involved mechanisms, and competence for these removals. Moreover, future research directions of biochar research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda R Oliveira
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Anil K Patel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Deb P Jaisi
- Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Sushil Adhikari
- Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5417, United States
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
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Karppinen EM, Siciliano SD, Stewart KJ. Application Method and Biochar Type Affect Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation in Northern Landfarms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2017; 46:751-759. [PMID: 28783800 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.01.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To integrate biochar as a practical and successful remedial amendment at northern landfarms, components of its formulation and application must be optimized for site-specific environmental conditions. Different biochar amendments were applied to petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC)-contaminated soil at two northern field sites (Iqaluit and Whitehorse) and in a laboratory study at -5°C to determine the effects of application method (injection or incorporation) and biochar type (wood, fishmeal, bonemeal, and/or compost) on PHC degradation and associated soil properties. Incorporation decreased F2 (equivalent C-C) and F3 (equivalent C-C) PHC concentrations in soil after 31 d, whereas injection did not decrease PHC concentrations until Day 334. Bonemeal-derived biochar selectively stimulated F3-PHC degradation in frozen soil over 90 d under controlled laboratory conditions. In the field, there was little difference in PHC degradation between biochar types and the fertilizer control. Incorporation also increased NO availability, and in field trials, all biochars increased NO availability relative to the fertilizer control, whereas the effects of biochars on NH and PO were variable. Aromatic functional gene abundance was enhanced when treatments were incorporated, compared with when injected. In field trials, 6% Zakus wood plus fertilizer inhibited aliphatic and aromatic gene abundance. Liquid water content increased in incorporated treatments, specifically those amended with fishmeal biochar. Incorporation was the most successful application method for these northern soils, and although biochar amendments are not clearly effective in reducing PHC concentrations, there is evidence to suggest it can beneficially influence soil properties and PHC degradation under specific environmental conditions.
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