1
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Hellmann S, Gil-Díaz T, Böhm M, Merten D, Grangeon S, Warmont F, Unbehau S, Sowoidnich T, Schäfer T. Characterization of Nanoparticles in Ethanolic Suspension Using Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Application for Cementitious Systems. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:30294-30307. [PMID: 39035945 PMCID: PMC11256340 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) is a well-established technique to characterize the size, particle number concentration (PNC), and elemental composition of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) and colloids in aqueous suspensions. However, a method capable of directly analyzing water-sensitive or highly reactive NPs in alcoholic suspension has not been reported yet. Here, we present a novel spICP-MS method for characterizing the main cement hydration product, i.e., calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) NPs, in ethanolic suspensions, responsible for cement strength. The method viability was tested on a wide range of NP compositions and sizes (i.e., from Au, SiO2, and Fe3O4 NP certified reference materials (CRMs) to synthetic C-S-H phases with known Ca/Si ratios and industrial cement hardening accelerators, X-Seed 100/500). Method validation includes comparisons to nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission/scanning electron microscopy (TEM/SEM). Results show that size distributions from spICP-MS were in good agreement with TEM and NTA for CRMs ≥ 51 nm and the synthetic C-S-H phases. The X-Seed samples showed significant differences in NP sizes depending on the elemental composition, i.e. CaO and SiO2 NPs were bigger than Al2O3 NPs. PNC via spICP-MS was successfully validated with an accuracy of 1 order of magnitude for CRMs and C-S-H phases. The spICP-MS Ca/Si ratios matched known ratios from synthetic C-S-H phases (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0). Overall, our method is applicable for the direct and element-specific quantification of fast nucleation and/or mineral formation processes characterizing NPs (ca. 50-1000 nm) in alcoholic suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Hellmann
- Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Institute of Geosciences,
Applied Geology, Burgweg
11, 07749 Jena, Germany
- International
Max Planck Research School for Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Department
of Biogeochemical Processes, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Teba Gil-Díaz
- Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Institute of Geosciences,
Applied Geology, Burgweg
11, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Böhm
- Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Institute of Geosciences,
Applied Geology, Burgweg
11, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Merten
- Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Institute of Geosciences,
Applied Geology, Burgweg
11, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Fabienne Warmont
- ICMN, 1B, rue de la Férollerie
CS40059, F-45071 Cedex 2 Orléans, France
| | - Sophie Unbehau
- Bauhaus-Universität
Weimar, Institute for Building
Materials, Coudraystr.
11, 99423 Weimar, Germany
| | - Thomas Sowoidnich
- Bauhaus-Universität
Weimar, Institute for Building
Materials, Coudraystr.
11, 99423 Weimar, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schäfer
- Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Institute of Geosciences,
Applied Geology, Burgweg
11, 07749 Jena, Germany
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2
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Resano M, Aramendía M, García-Ruiz E, Bazo A, Bolea-Fernandez E, Vanhaecke F. Living in a transient world: ICP-MS reinvented via time-resolved analysis for monitoring single events. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4436-4473. [PMID: 35656130 PMCID: PMC9020182 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05452j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
After 40 years of development, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) can hardly be considered as a novel technique anymore. ICP-MS has become the reference when it comes to multi-element bulk analysis at (ultra)trace levels, as well as to isotope ratio determination for metal(loid)s. However, over the last decade, this technique has managed to uncover an entirely new application field, providing information in a variety of contexts related to the individual analysis of single entities (e.g., nanoparticles, cells, or micro/nanoplastics), thus addressing new societal challenges. And this profound expansion of its application range becomes even more remarkable when considering that it has been made possible in an a priori simple way: by providing faster data acquisition and developing the corresponding theoretical substrate to relate the time-resolved signals thus obtained with the elemental composition of the target entities. This review presents the underlying concepts behind single event-ICP-MS, which are needed to fully understand its potential, highlighting key areas of application (e.g., single particle-ICP-MS or single cell-ICP-MS) as well as of future development (e.g., micro/nanoplastics).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Resano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - M Aramendía
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa de Zaragoza Carretera de Huesca s/n 50090 Zaragoza Spain
| | - E García-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - A Bazo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - E Bolea-Fernandez
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - F Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Department of Chemistry, Atomic & Mass Spectrometry - A&MS Research Unit Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S12 9000 Ghent Belgium
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3
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Zhao Y, Fan M, Zhou W, Li Y, Wang Y, Xiu Z, Gao B. Speciation, controlling steps and pathways of silver release from the sludge generated from coagulation of wastewater spiked with silver nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131093. [PMID: 34118625 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sludge generated in wastewater treatment facilities is an integral part for the introduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the terrestrial environment, which would cause some adverse ecosystem responses. The understanding of silver release process from the sludge is important to evaluate their risks. In this study, the amount and speciation of the released silver were investigated by taking the sludge generated by wastewater coagulation with AgNPs added (denoted as sludgeC-AgNPs) an example, and kinetic analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were first used to explore the controlling steps and pathways about the silver release. The results showed that sludgeC-AgNPs could release the dissolved silver and the colloidal silver. Beside Cl-, Ca2+ in the leaching solution could enhance the silver release of sludgeC-AgNPs, especially for the colloidal silver. The released colloidal silver restricted in size from 40 nm to 100 nm with irregular shape. Although the oxidative dissolution of Ag0 was the origin of the silver release pathways from the sludgeC-AgNPs, the silver diffusion was the controlling step due to the spontaneous binding between silver and the hydrolysates of polyaluminium chloride in sludgeC-AgNPs. However, Ca2+ in the leaching solution could occupy the binding site of silver on sludgeC-AgNPs, which would increase the diffusion rate of silver over the oxidative rate of Ag0. With this condition, the controlling step of silver release from sludgeC-AgNPs turned to the oxidative dissolution of Ag0. Our findings are important to assess the fate of AgNPs in wastewater treatment as well as sludge applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Meixia Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Wenlin Zhou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Yanwei Li
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Zongming Xiu
- Deshi Energy Technology Group Co.,Ltd, Dongying, Shandong, 266580, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
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4
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Iglesias M, Torrent L. Silver Nanoparticles and Ionic Silver Separation Using a Cation-Exchange Resin. Variables Affecting Their Separation and Improvements of AgNP Characterization by SP-ICPMS. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102626. [PMID: 34685067 PMCID: PMC8541260 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are frequently found in everyday products and, as a consequence, their release into the environment cannot be avoided. Once in aquatic systems, AgNPs interact with natural constituents and undergo different transformation processes. Therefore, it is important to characterize and quantify AgNPs in environmental waters in order to understand their behavior, their transformation, and their associated toxicological risks. However, the coexistence of ionic silver (Ag+) with AgNPs in aquatic systems is one of the greatest challenges for the determination of nanosilver. Ion-exchange resins can be used to separate Ag+ from AgNPs, taking advantage of the different charges of the species. In this work, Dowex 50W-X8 was used to separate Ag+ and AgNPs in order to easily determine AgNP concentrations using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The separation methodology was successfully applied to river water samples with different ratios of Ag+ and AgNPs. However, the methodology is not useful for wastewater samples. The described methodology also demonstrated an improvement in the determination of the particle size of AgNPs present in river waters by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry when a significant amount of Ag+ is also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Iglesias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, C/M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-606-529-503
| | - Laura Torrent
- Bioenergy and Catalysis Laboratory (LBK), Energy and Environment Research Division (ENE), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;
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Cheng H, Yang T, Ma J, Jiang J, Wang P. The aggregation kinetics of manganese oxides nanoparticles in Al(III) electrolyte solutions: Roles of distinct Al(III) species and natural organic matters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140814. [PMID: 32755774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the aggregation kinetics of manganese oxides (MnOx) nanoparticles in Al(III) electrolyte solutions. This is a common process in both water treatments and the natural environment. The results show that aggregation kinetics are Al(III) species-dependent. Without natural organic matters (NOM), ferron Ala (monomeric Al(III)) and ferron Alb (polymeric Al(III)) are the main species controlling the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) type aggregation behavior of MnOx at pH 5.0 and 7.2, respectively. Ala and Alb can neutralize and reverse the negative charge of MnOx. Correspondingly, the attachment efficiency as a function of Al(III) concentrations contains three stages: destabilization, diffusion-limited, and re-stabilization stage. Interestingly, due to the tiny size of Alb nanoclusters, they behave similar to free ions and do not induce heteroaggregation at pH 7.2. The influence of some model NOM (i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA), Sigma humic acid (HA), and alginate) was also studied. At pH 5.0, alginate polymers, while Sigma HA and BSA cannot be, are linked by Al(III) to form alginate gel clusters which bridge MnOx nanoparticles, and thus induce bridging flocculation. At pH 7.2, NOM induce the aggregation of Alb nanoclusters to form NOM-Al(III) aggregates through charge neutralization effects. Consequently, highly enhanced aggregation rate, due to the heteroaggregation between these aggregates and MnOx, was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jin Jiang
- Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Panxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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6
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Ouyang W, Chen T, Shi Y, Tong L, Chen Y, Wang W, Yang J, Xue J. Physico-chemical processes. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1350-1377. [PMID: 31529571 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The review scans research articles published in 2018 on physico-chemical processes for water and wastewater treatment. The paper includes eight sections, that is, membrane technology, granular filtration, flotation, adsorption, coagulation/flocculation, capacitive deionization, ion exchange, and oxidation. The membrane technology section further divides into six parts, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis/forward osmosis, and membrane distillation. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Totally 266 articles on water and wastewater treatment have been scanned; The review is sectioned into 8 major parts; Membrane technology has drawn the widest attention from the research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Ouyang
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yihao Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liangyu Tong
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yangyu Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weiwen Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinkai Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Environmental Systems Engineering, University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
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7
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Londono N, Donovan AR, Shi H, Geisler M, Liang Y. Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of mixtures of TiO 2, ZnO and Ag ENPs on a river bacterial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:567-577. [PMID: 31125885 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Effluent from wastewater treatment plants contains a wide variety of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) released from different sources. Although single type ENPs have been studied extensively with respect to their environmental impact, ENPs in mixed forms have not been investigated much at environmentally relevant concentrations. This study was designed to test the effect of mixed ENPs at three combinations and concentrations on an aquatic bacterial community. After mixing artificial treated wastewater with river water and exposing the microbial community to ENPs for three days, the ENPs were characterized by SP-ICP-MS. Results from this study showed that: 1) the size distribution of Ti and Zn at the beginning and end of the experiment did not vary much among all tested conditions. For Ag, the most frequent size increased more than 2-fold when the highest Ag ENPs were added; 2) particle concentrations of ENPs generally correlated positively with added concentrations; 3) dissolved Zn and Ag increased significantly as a result of spike; and 4) the bacterial community structure was shifted significantly as a consequence of ENPs' addition. With the dominant population being suppressed, the community exposed to ENPs became more diverse and even. Surprisingly, further increase of the doses of the three ENPs did not bring significant change to the microbial community. These results revealed that ENPs could bring significant impacts to prokaryotes even at low concentrations. But these impacts do not necessarily correlate positively with doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Londono
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1230 Lincoln Drive, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Ariel R Donovan
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA
| | - Honglan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, USA; Center for Single Nanoparticle, Single Cell, and Single Molecule Monitoring (CS3M), Rolla, MO, 65409, USA
| | - Matthew Geisler
- Department of Plant Biology, Life Science II, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901-6509, USA
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, 1400 Washington Ave., University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
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8
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Wang P, Jiao R, Liu L, Xiao F, An G, Wang D. Optimized coagulation pathway of Al 13: Effect of in-situ Aggregation of Al 13. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:76-83. [PMID: 31102874 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The coagulation mechanism for removing particles by Al13 has been extensively investigated for water treatments. It was widely accepted that Al13 played important roles in coagulation mainly by charge neutralization and electrostatic patch. However, the discovery of Al13 aggregates (Al13agg) in flocs indicated that the real coagulation process should be different from the previous understanding, including when Al13agg were generated and how it interacted with negative particles. The aggregation process of Al13 during coagulation and its micro-interfacial effect on particle coagulation remains to be explored. In this study, to investigate the aggregation of Al13 and its effect on coagulation performance, two parallel coagulation jar tests were conducted on silica suspensions by preformed Al13agg and Al13, respectively. The results showed that optimized coagulation for particle removal by Al13 occurred from pH 7 to pH 9, which was dominated by the in-situ aggregation of Al13. The results confirmed that Al13agg were both present in flocs generated in two tests, however, the morphology and distribution of surface Al of flocs were different for two tests. The in-situ formed Al13agg covered all over the silica particles in flocs, resulting in compact structure with rough surfaces, while the preformed Al13agg mainly distributed on joint sites between particles, generating denser flocs with smooth surfaces. This difference verified that the in-situ aggregation of Al13 was the key factor to optimized particle coagulation. The overall optimized particle coagulation by Al13 should undergo the following pathway: charge neutralization - in-situ aggregation of Al13 - inter-particle bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruyuan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Libing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangyu An
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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9
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Han C, Sahle-Demessie E, Varughese E, Shi H. Polypropylene-MWCNT composite degradation, release, detection, and toxicity of MWCNT during accelerated aging. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2019; 6:1876-1894. [PMID: 32704375 PMCID: PMC7377243 DOI: 10.1039/c9en00153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NM) are incorporated into polymers to enhance their properties. However, there are a limited number of studies on the aging of these nanocomposites and the resulting potential release of NM. To characterize NM at critical points in their life cycles, polypropylene (PP) and multiwall carbon nanotube filled PP (PP-MWCNT) plates with different thicknesses (from 0.25 mm to 2 mm) underwent accelerated weathering in a chamber that simulates solar irradiation and rainfall. The physicochemical changes of the plates depended on the radiation exposure, the plate thickness, and the presence of CNT fillers. Photodegradation increased with aging time, making the exposed surface more hydrophilic, decreasing the surface hardness and creating surface stress-cracks. Aged surface and cross-section showed crazing due to the polymer bond scission and the formation of carbonyls. The degradation was higher near the UV-exposed surface as the intensity of the radiation and oxygen diffusion decreased with increasing depth of the plates, resulting in an oxidation layer directly proportional to oxygen diffusion. Thus, sample thickness determines the kinetics of the degradation reaction and the transport of reactive species. Plastic fragments, which are less than 1 mm, and free CNTs were released from weathered MWCNT-PP. The concentrations of released NM that were estimated using ICP-MS, increased with prolonged aging time. Various toxicity tests, including reactive oxygen species generation and cell activity/viability, were performed on the released CNTs. The toxicity of the released fragments and CNTs to A594 adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells was observed. The released polymer fragments and CNTs did not show significant toxicity under the experimental conditions in this study. This study will help manufacturers, users of consumer products with nanocomposites and policymakers in the development of testing guidelines, predictive models, and risk assessments and risk based-formulations of NM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changseok Han
- Department of Environmental Engineering, INHA University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA
| | - E. Sahle-Demessie
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA
| | - Eunice Varughese
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge TN, 37831, USA
| | - Honglan Shi
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA; Missouri University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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10
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The application of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles in coagulation and flocculation processes of River Nile Rosetta branch surface water. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-018-0006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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11
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Westerhoff P, Atkinson A, Fortner J, Wong MS, Zimmerman J, Gardea-Torresdey J, Ranville J, Herckes P. Low risk posed by engineered and incidental nanoparticles in drinking water. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 13:661-669. [PMID: 30082812 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural nanoparticles (NNPs) in rivers, lakes, oceans and ground water predate humans, but engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are emerging as potential pollutants due to increasing regulatory and public perception concerns. This Review contrasts the sources, composition and potential occurrence of NNPs (for example, two-dimensional clays, multifunctional viruses and metal oxides) and ENPs in surface water, after centralized drinking water treatment, and in tap water. While analytical detection challenges exist, ENPs are currently orders of magnitude less common than NNPs in waters that flow into drinking water treatment plants. Because such plants are designed to remove small-sized NNPs, they are also very good at removing ENPs. Consequently, ENP concentrations in tap water are extremely low and pose low risk during ingestion. However, after leaving drinking water treatment plants, corrosion by-products released from distribution pipes or in-home premise plumbing can release incidental nanoparticles into tap water. The occurrence and toxicity of incidental nanoparticles, rather than ENPs, should therefore be the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Westerhoff
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Ariel Atkinson
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - John Fortner
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael S Wong
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julie Zimmerman
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresdey
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas - El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - James Ranville
- Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Pierre Herckes
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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