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Hamza A, Ho KC, Chan MK. Recent development of substrates for immobilization of bimetallic nanoparticles for wastewater treatment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40873-40902. [PMID: 38839740 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) have gained considerable attention due to their remarkable catalytic properties, making them invaluable in wastewater treatment applications. One of these challenges lies in the propensity of BMNPs to aggregate due to Van der Waals interactions, which can reduce their overall performance. Additionally, retrieving exhausted NPs from the treated solution for subsequent reuse remains a significant hurdle. Moreover, the leaching of NPs into the discharged wastewater can have harmful effects on humans as well as aquatic life. To overcome these issues, various substrates have been researched to maximize the efficiency and stability of the NPs. This review paper delves into the pivotal role of various substrates in immobilizing BMNPs, providing a comprehensive analysis of their performances, advantages, and drawbacks. The substrates encompass a diverse range of materials, including organic, inorganic, organic-inorganic, beads, fibers, and membranes. Each substrate type offers unique attributes, influencing the stability, efficiency, and recyclability of BMNPs. This review paper aims to provide an up-to-date and detailed analysis and comparison of the substrates used for the immobilization of BMNPs. This work further reviews the underlying mechanisms of the composites involved in treating pollutants from wastewater and how these mechanisms are enhanced by the synergistic effects produced by the substrate and BMNPs. Furthermore, the reusability and sustainability of these composites are discussed. Also, high-performing substrates are highlighted to give direction to future research focusing on the immobilization of BMNPs in the application of wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hamza
- Centre for Water Research, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kah Chun Ho
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Clean Technology Impact Lab, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mieow Kee Chan
- Centre for Water Research, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, SEGi University, Jalan Teknologi, Kota Damansara, 47810, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Waste Biomass Selective and Sustainable Photooxidation to High-Added-Value Products: A Review. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers worldwide seek to develop convenient, green, and ecological production processes to synthesize chemical products with high added value. In this sense, lignocellulosic biomass photocatalysis is an excellent process for obtaining various outcomes for the industry. One issue of biomass transformation via heterogeneous catalysis into valuable chemicals is the selection of an adequate catalyst that ensures high conversion and selectivity at low costs. Titanium oxide (TiO2), is widely used for several applications, including photocatalytic biomass degradation, depolymerization, and transformation. Graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a metal-free polymeric semiconductor with high oxidation and temperature resistance and there is a recent interest in developing this catalyst. Both catalysts are amenable to industrial production, relatively easy to dope, and suited for solar light absorption. Recent investigations also show the advantages of using heterojunctions, for biomass derivates production, due to their better solar spectrum absorption properties and, thus, higher efficiency, conversion, and selectivity over a broader spectrum. This work summarizes recent studies that maximize selectivity and conversion of biomass using photocatalysts based on TiO2 and g-C3N4 as supports, as well as the advantages of using metals, heterojunctions, and macromolecules in converting cellulose and lignin. The results presented show that heterogeneous photocatalysis is an interesting technology for obtaining several chemicals of industrial use, especially when using TiO2 and g-C3N4 doped with metals, heterojunctions, and macromolecules because these modified catalysts permit higher conversion and selectivity, milder reaction conditions, and reduced cost due to solar light utilization. In order to apply these technologies, it is essential to adopt government policies that promote the use of photocatalysts in the industry, in addition to encouraging active collaboration between photooxidation research groups and companies that process lignocellulosic biomass.
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3
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Chen M, Li M, Lee SLJ, Zhao X, Lin S. Constructing novel graphitic carbon nitride-based nanocomposites - From the perspective of material dimensions and interfacial characteristics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134889. [PMID: 35551931 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), a fascinating metal-free conjugated polymer, has garnered immense interest in the fields of solar power generation and environmental remediation. The construction of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites with materials of various dimensions can further improve their photocatalytic activities by surface area enlargement, bandgap tuning, heterojunction formation, etc. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed the design, synthesis, and functionalities of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites based on their applications in hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, and pollutants removal. We provided detailed analyses on the integration of 2D g-C3N4 with zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional materials with a focus on their interfacial characteristics and functional improvement. This review aims to stimulate fresh ideas on the interfacial engineering of g-C3N4-based nanocomposites to broaden their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Chen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Mengxue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Stephanie Ling Jie Lee
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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4
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Wei R, Tang N, Jiang L, Yang J, Guo J, Yuan X, Liang J, Zhu Y, Wu Z, Li H. Bimetallic nanoparticles meet polymeric carbon nitride: Fabrications, catalytic applications and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Luo J, Du X, Ye Q, Fu D. Review: Graphite Phase Carbon Nitride Photo-Fenton Catalyst and its Photocatalytic Degradation Performance for Organic Wastewater. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09363-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Bazyar Z, Tavakoliana M, Hosseini-Sarvari M. Au–Pd@ZnO alloy nanoparticles: a promising heterogeneous photocatalyst toward decarboxylative trifluoromethylation under visible-light irradiation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02212e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Au–Pd@ZnO alloy nanoparticles have promising potential as heterogeneous photocatalysts for decarboxylative trifluoromethylation reactions under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bazyar
- Nano Photocatalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684795, IR, Iran
| | - Mina Tavakoliana
- Nano Photocatalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684795, IR, Iran
| | - Mona Hosseini-Sarvari
- Nano Photocatalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684795, IR, Iran
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7
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Wang F, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Ma Q, Kong C, Min S. Carbonized wood membrane decorated with AuPd alloy nanoparticles as an efficient self-supported electrode for electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:312-322. [PMID: 34507001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to value-added chemicals and fuels is a promising technology for mitigating energy shortage and pollution issues yet highly relay on the development of high-performance electrocatalysts. Herein, we develop an effective strategy to fabricate carbonized wood membrane (CW) decorated with AuPd alloy nanoparticles with tunable composition (termed as AuPd@CW) as self-supported electrodes for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The uniformly distributed AuPd nanoparticles on wood matrix are first achieved through the in-situ reduction of metal cations by the lignin content in wood. Subsequently, two-step carbonization was employed to promote the alloying of AuPd nanoparticles and the formation of CW. The AuPd@CW membrane electrode features an integrated macroscopic structure with numerous open and aligned channels for rapid electron transfer and mass diffusion and well-dispersed AuPd alloy nanoparticles as active sites for the CO2 reduction. The optimal Au95Pd5@CW electrode affords a high selectivity for CO2 electroreduction with a maximum CO faradaic efficiency (FECO) of 82% at an overpotential of 0.49 V, much higher than those obtained on Au@CW and Pd@CW electrodes. The CO current density and FECO remain relatively stable during a 12 h electrolysis reaction. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that alloying Au with Pd enables a balance between the formation of intermediate COOH* and the desorption of CO on the surface of AuPd nanoparticles, thus enhancing the selectivity of CO production. This work offers an effective strategy for the fabrication of bimetallic alloys supported on wood-based carbon membrane as a practical electrode for electrochemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Zhengguo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Qingxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Chao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang, Gansu 745000, PR China
| | - Shixiong Min
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China.
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8
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A composite of graphitic carbon nitride and Vulcan carbon as an effective catalyst support for Ni in direct urea fuel cells. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Mohazzab B, Jaleh B, Nasrollahzadeh M, Khazalpour S, Sajjadi M, Varma RS. Upgraded Valorization of Biowaste: Laser-Assisted Synthesis of Pd/Calcium Lignosulfonate Nanocomposite for Hydrogen Storage and Environmental Remediation. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5888-5899. [PMID: 32226869 PMCID: PMC7098021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Laser ablation in liquid (LAL), one of the promising pathways to produce nanoparticles, is used herein for the modification of the abundant biowaste, calcium lignosulfonate (CLS), adorning it with palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). The ensuing Pd/CLS nanocomposite, fabricated via a simple stirring method, is deployed for hydrogen storage and environmental cleanup studies; a hydrogen storage capacity of about 5.8 C g-1 confirmed that Pd NPs serve as active sites for the adsorption of hydrogen. Additionally, the novel, sustainable, and reusable nanocomposite also exhibits superior catalytic activity toward the reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), and methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution in a short time; the synthesized nanocatalyst could be reused for at least eight successive runs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Jaleh
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Bu-Ali Sina
University, Hamedan 65174, Iran
| | | | - Sadegh Khazalpour
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838683, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sajjadi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Qom, Qom 3716146611, Iran
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký
University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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10
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Interfacial coupling effect of high surface area Pyrochlore like Ce2Zr2O7 over 2D g-C3N4 sheet photoactive material for efficient removal of organic pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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11
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Jayaraman V, Ayappan C, Palanivel B, Mani A. Bridging and synergistic effect of the pyrochlore like Bi 2Zr 2O 7 structure with robust CdCuS solid solution for durable photocatalytic removal of the organic pollutants. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8880-8894. [PMID: 35496567 PMCID: PMC9050022 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00644k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a strong redox ability photocatalyst of CdCuS solid solution composited with pyrochlore like Bi2Zr2O7 has been fabricated by the simple hydrothermal method. The robust CdCuS solid solution materials perform the supporting role to the Bi2Zr2O7 nano materials. The structural, optical, valence and vibrational states of the prepared heterostructure materials were analyzed using various characterization techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the as-synthesized Bi2Zr2O7/CdCuS heterostructure has been verified under direct solar light and ambient conditions. The synthesized Bi2Zr2O7/CdCuS nano combination exhibits a better photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue and 4-nitrophenol organic probe molecules. The heterostructure formation between the samples is confirmed by HRTEM analysis. The improved rate of the photocatalytic reaction of the samples is attributed to the formation of heterostructures at the interface. The close interfacial contact between the two materials discloses the effective charge transfer, which leads to suppressed charge carrier recombination. The enhanced photo catalytic activity of redox-mediator-free-Bi2Zr2O7/CdCuS heterostructure, possibly will be credited to the robust redox ability and the several charge transfer channels in the tight contact. The chief radicals produced in the catalytic reduction reaction have been predicted by the scavenger trapping methods and the results are discussed in detail. The obtained information from this study on Bi2Zr2O7/CdCuS delivers some new visions for the design of active photocatalysts with multiple benefits. Photocatalytic degradation mechanism for CdCuS solid solution supported pyrochlore like Bi2Zr2O7.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Jayaraman
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Kancheepuram 603203 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chinnadurai Ayappan
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Kancheepuram 603203 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Baskaran Palanivel
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Kancheepuram 603203 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Alagiri Mani
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Kancheepuram 603203 Tamil Nadu India
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12
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Reddy CV, Reddy IN, Harish VVN, Reddy KR, Shetti NP, Shim J, Aminabhavi TM. Efficient removal of toxic organic dyes and photoelectrochemical properties of iron-doped zirconia nanoparticles. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124766. [PMID: 31527001 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe)-doped ZrO2 tetragonal nanoparticles were synthesized by a facile and inexpensive hydrothermal technique, that were doped with Fe3+ ions (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mol%) into the host lattice without altering the morphology and crystal structure of the nanoparticles. SEM and TEM investigations indicated that the morphology of ZrO2 nanoparticles did not change even after incorporation of Fe, while the band gap of semiconducting ZrO2 nanoparticles was reduced from 4.97 to 1.77 eV. Such a in band gap was responsible to harvest more photons to stimulate the generation of more electrons in the valence band, thereby enhancing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting as well as photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic activities in the photodegradation of Rhodamine B. The 0.3 mol%-doped ZrO2 electrode showed enhanced photocurrent density (0.07 × 10-3 A/cm2), that was 45-times greater than the pure sample. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed that 0.3 mol%-doped ZrO2 exhibited the best charge transfer characteristics, which increased with PEC water splitting activity. The maximum photocurrent density and long-term photo-stability were achieved in the light on-off states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Venkata Reddy
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea
| | - I Neelakanta Reddy
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea
| | - V V N Harish
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, K. L. E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi, 580030, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Karnataka, India
| | - Jaesool Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea.
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sonia College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, 580 002, Karnataka, India.
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13
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Gao M, Fu Q, Wang M, Zhang K, Zeng J, Wang L, Xia Z, Gao D. Facile synthesis of porous covalent organic frameworks for the effective extraction of nitroaromatic compounds from water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1084:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Tudu B, Nalajala N, P Reddy K, Saikia P, Gopinath CS. Electronic Integration and Thin Film Aspects of Au-Pd/rGO/TiO 2 for Improved Solar Hydrogen Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32869-32878. [PMID: 31414793 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we have synthesized noble bimetallic nanoparticles (Au-Pd NPs) on a carbon-based support and integrated with titania to obtain Au-Pd/C/TiO2 and Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 nanocomposites using an ecofriendly hydrothermal method. Here, a 1:1 (w/w) Au-Pd bimetallic composition was dispersed on (a) high-surface-area (3000 m2 g-1) activated carbon (Au-Pd/C), prepared from a locally available plant source (in Assam, India), and (b) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (Au-Pd/rGO); subsequently, they were integrated with TiO2. The shift observed in Raman spectroscopy demonstrates the electronic integration of the bimetal with titania. The photocatalytic activity of the above materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction was studied under 1 sun conditions using methanol as a sacrificial agent in a powder form. The photocatalysts were also employed to prepare a thin film by the drop-casting method. Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 exhibits 43 times higher hydrogen (H2) yield in the thin film form (21.50 mmol h-1 g-1) compared to the powder form (0.50 mmol h-1 g-1). On the other hand, Au-Pd/C/TiO2 shows 13 times higher hydrogen (H2) yield in the thin film form (6.42 mmol h-1 g-1) compared to the powder form (0.48 mmol h-1 g-1). While powder forms of both catalysts show comparable activity, the Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 thin film shows 3.4 times higher activity than that of Au-Pd/C/TiO2. This can be ascribed to (a) an effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs at the interface of Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2 and (b) the better field effect due to plasmon resonance of the bimetal in the thin film form. The catalytic influence of the carbon-based support is highly pronounced due to synergistic binding interaction of bimetallic nanoparticles. Further, a large amount of hydrogen evolution in the film form with both catalysts (Au-Pd/C/TiO2 and Au-Pd/rGO/TiO2) reiterates that charge utilization should be better compared to that in powder catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoy Tudu
- Department of Applied Sciences (Chemical Science Division) , Gauhati University , Guwahati 781014 , Assam , India
| | - Naresh Nalajala
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Kasala P Reddy
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
| | - Pranjal Saikia
- Department of Applied Sciences (Chemical Science Division) , Gauhati University , Guwahati 781014 , Assam , India
| | - Chinnakonda S Gopinath
- Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411 008 , India
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15
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Zhang C, Wang W, Zhao M, Zhang J, Zha Z, Cheng S, Zheng H, Qian H. Construction of ZnxCd1−xS/Bi2S3 composite nanospheres with photothermal effect for enhanced photocatalytic activities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 546:303-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Zou W, Xu L, Pu Y, Cai H, Wei X, Luo Y, Li L, Gao B, Wan H, Dong L. Advantageous Interfacial Effects of AgPd/g‐C
3
N
4
for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution: Electronic Structure and H
2
O Dissociation. Chemistry 2019; 25:5058-5064. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Lixia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Yu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Haojie Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Yidan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Lulu Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Agricultural and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Haiqin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
| | - Lin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the EnvironmentNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern AnalysisNanjing University Nanjing 210093 PR China
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17
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Zhu Y, Xiong C, Song S, Le Z, Jiang S. Coordination-driven synthesis of perfected π-conjugated graphitic carbon nitride with efficient charge transfer for oxygen activation and gas purification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 538:237-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Caux M, Menard H, AlSalik YM, Irvine JTS, Idriss H. Photo-catalytic hydrogen production over Au/g-C 3N 4: effect of gold particle dispersion and morphology. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15974-15987. [PMID: 31294442 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02241d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal/semiconductor interactions affect electron transfer rates and this is central to photocatalytic hydrogen ion reduction. While this interaction has been studied in great detail on metal oxide semiconductors, not much is known of Au particles on top of polymeric semiconductors. The effects of gold nanoparticle size and dispersion on top of g-C3N4 were studied by core and valence level spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy in addition to catalytic tests. The as-prepared, non-calcined catalysts displayed Au particles with uniform dimension (mean particle size = 1.8 nm) and multiple electronic states: XPS Au 4f7/2 lines at 84.9 and 87.1 eV (each with a spin-orbit splitting of 3.6-3.7 eV). These particles, which did not show localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), before the reaction, doubled in size after the reaction giving a pronounced LSPR at about 550 nm. The effect of the heating environment on these particles (in air or in H2) was further investigated. While heating in H2 gave Au nanoparticles of different shapes, heating under O2 gave exclusively spherical particles. Similar activity towards photocatalytic hydrogen ion reduction under UV excitation was seen in both cases, however. XPS Au 4f analyses indicated that an increase in deposition time, during catalyst preparation, resulted in an increase in the initial fraction of oxidized gold particles, which were easily reduced under hydrogen. The valence band region for Au/gC3N4 was further studied in an effort to compare it to what is already known for Au/metal oxide semiconductors. A shift of over 2 eV for the Au 5d doublets was noticed between reduced and oxidized gold particles with mean particle sizes between 2 and 6 nm, which is consistent with the final state effect. A narrow range of gold loading for optimal catalytic performance was seen, where it seems that a density of one Au particle per 10 × 10 nm2 is the most suitable. Particle size and shape had a minor effect on performance, which may indicate the absence of a plasmonic effect on the reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caux
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - H Menard
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Y M AlSalik
- SABIC-Corporate Research and Development (CRD), KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - J T S Irvine
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
| | - H Idriss
- SABIC-Corporate Research and Development (CRD), KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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Minati L, Aguey-Zinsou KF, Micheli V, Speranza G. Palladium nanoparticle functionalized graphene xerogel for catalytic dye reduction. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:14573-14579. [PMID: 30259035 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02839g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a method to synthesize a palladium-functionalized porous graphene xerogel structure. A graphene xerogel nanocomposite with a three-dimensional microstructure was obtained by chemical reduction of an aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide at mild temperature. After the graphene hydrogel has been placed in a K2PdCl4 solution, the spontaneous redox reaction between the reduced graphene and Pd2+ takes place, leading to the formation of nanohybrid materials consisting of a graphene porous matrix decorated with Pd nanoparticles. The final porosity of the material was tuned through drying the graphene hydrogel by solvent evaporation. The palladium functionalized porous graphene xerogels were successfully used for the catalytic reduction of Rhodamine 6G.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Minati
- IBF-CNR, Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Trento, Italy.
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Teixeira IF, Barbosa ECM, Tsang SCE, Camargo PHC. Carbon nitrides and metal nanoparticles: from controlled synthesis to design principles for improved photocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7783-7817. [PMID: 30234202 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00479j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of sunlight to drive chemical reactions via photocatalysis is of paramount importance towards a sustainable future. Among several photocatalysts, earth-abundant polymeric carbon nitride (PCN, often wrongly named g-C3N4) has emerged as an attractive candidate due to its ability to absorb light efficiently in the visible and near-infrared ranges, chemical stability, non-toxicity, straightforward synthesis, and versatility as a platform for constructing hybrid materials. Especially, hybrids with metal nanoparticles offer the unique possibility of combining the catalytic, electronic, and optical properties of metal nanoparticles with PCN. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of PCN materials and their hybrids, emphasizing heterostructures with metal nanoparticles. We focus on recent advances encompassing synthetic strategies, design principles, photocatalytic applications, and charge-transfer mechanisms. We also discuss how the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of some noble metals NPs (e.g. Au, Ag, and Cu), bimetallic compositions, and even non-noble metals NPs (e.g., Bi) synergistically contribute with PCN in light-driven transformations. Finally, we provide a perspective on the field, in which the understanding of the enhancement mechanisms combined with truly controlled synthesis can act as a powerful tool to the establishment of the design principles needed to take the field of photocatalysis with PCN to a new level, where the desired properties and performances can be planned in advance, and the target material synthesized accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo F Teixeira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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