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Wu H, Shi Z, Sun B, Zheng B, Shah KJ, Lin S. Defluoridation by positive single-pulse current electrocoagulation from photovoltaic wastewater: Energy consumption assessment and mechanism analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142773. [PMID: 38972457 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The presence of fluoride ions (F-) in photovoltaic (PV) wastewater significantly affects the integrity of the ecological environment. In contrast to direct current electrocoagulation (DC-EC), positive single-pulse electrocoagulation (PSPC-EC) shows a significant reduction in both the formation of passivation films on electrodes and the consumption of electrical energy. Under the experimental conditions of an Al-Al-Al-Al electrode combination, an electrode spacing of 1.0 cm, a NaCl concentration of 0.05 mol L-1, an initial pH of 5.6, an initial F- concentration of 5 mg L-1, a current density of 5 A m-2, a pulse frequency of 500 Hz, and a 40 % duty cycle, the achieved equilibrium F- removal efficiencies were 84.0 % for DC-EC and 88.0 % for PSPC-EC, respectively, accompanied by power consumption of 0.0198 kWh·mg-1 and 0.0073 kWh·mg-1. The flocs produced in the PSPC-EC process were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and it is revealed that the F- removal mechanisms in the PSPC-EC process include co-precipitation, hydrogen bond complexation, and ion exchange. When the actual PV wastewater was finally subjected to treatment under the optimal PSPC-EC conditions, the F- concentration in the wastewater was reduced from 4.6 mg L-1 to 1.4 mg L-1. This paper provides both a theoretical framework and a technological basis for the application of PSPC-EC in the advanced treatment of PV wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Zhiru Shi
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bingyuan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Kinjal J Shah
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Shaohua Lin
- School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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2
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Sharan S, Khare P, Shankar R, Mishra NK, Tyagi A. Bimetal-oxide (Fe/Co) modified bagasse-waste carbon coated on lead oxide-battery electrode for metronidazole removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119104. [PMID: 37793292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Current study covers the preparation and application of a commercial modified lead oxide battery electrode (LBE) in electrochemical oxidation (ECO) of metronidazole (MNZ) in an aqueous phase. Modified electrode is prepared by doping of bimetal-oxide (Fe and Zn) nanoparticles (NPs) & single metal-oxide (Fe/Zn) on bagasse-waste carbon (bwc) which is further coated on LBE. The modified LBE electrode surface was examined for metal-oxide NPs through X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Different electrodes are prepared by varying combinations of two metal-oxide based on molar ratio and tested for electrochemical characterization and MNZ removal test. Based on large oxygen evolution potential in a linear sweep volumetry (LSV) analysis and high MNZ removal rate, the best electrode has been represented as Fe1:Co2-bwc/LBE which contains Fe & Co molar ratio of 1:2. Moreover, equilibrium attained at faster rate in degradation process of MNZ, where pseudo first order kinetics of 2.29 × 10-2 min-1 was obtained under optimized condition of (MNZ:100 mg/L, pH:7, CD: 30 mA/cm2 and electrolyte: 0.05 M Na2SO4). Maximum MNZ removal, total organic carbon removal (TOC), mineralization current efficiency (MCE) & energy consumption (EC) of 98.7%, 85.3%, 62.2% & 96.143 kW h/kg-TOC removed are found in 180 min of treatment time for Fe1:Co2-bwc/LBE electrode. Accelerated service life test confirms that the stability of modified electrode is enhanced by 1.5 times compared to pristine LBE. Repeatability test confirms that modified LBE (Fe1:Co2-bwc/LBE) can be utilized up to 3 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhoo Sharan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, 273010, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Prateek Khare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, 273010, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, 273010, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Navneet Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, 273010, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Tyagi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, 181221, India.
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3
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Asath Murphy MS, Jovitha Jane D, Sahaya Leenus S, Robin RS, Palanichamy J, Kalivel P. Electrochemical treatment of textile wastewater using copper electrodes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:971-980. [PMID: 37888954 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2274257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The conventional electrode aluminum used in electrocoagulation (EC) for the textile wastewater undergoes pitting type of corrosion, so dissolution of the same is very high during electrolysis. This research focuses on the treatment of real-time textile effluent with copper electrodes that corrode uniformly during electrolysis, with optimizing operating parameters for high color removal efficiency (CRE%). The sludge acquired was analyzed by XPS and XRD to study the mechanism of dye removal. The treated effluent was subjected to phytotoxicity analysis using Vigna radiata to study the toxicity effect of the intermediary products. 98.6% of CRE was attained in treating the effluent with copper electrodes. XPS and XRD results showed that both Cu(OH)2 and CuO served as coagulants in the dye removal. The phytotoxicity results showed that the percentage of germination, shoot and root lengths of Vigna radiata in the treated effluent were similar to the results obtained for the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Asath Murphy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - D Jovitha Jane
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - S Sahaya Leenus
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Riju S Robin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Parameswari Kalivel
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
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4
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Yakamercan E, Bhatt P, Aygun A, Adesope AW, Simsek H. Comprehensive understanding of electrochemical treatment systems combined with biological processes for wastewater remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121680. [PMID: 37149253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The presence of toxic pollutants in wastewater discharge can affect the environment negatively due to presence of the organic and inorganic contaminants. The application of the electrochemical process in wastewater treatment is promising, specifically in treating these harmful pollutants from the aquatic environment. This review focused on recent applications of the electrochemical process for the remediation of such harmful pollutants from aquatic environments. Furthermore, the process conditions that affect the electrochemical process performance are evaluated, and the appropriate treatment processes are suggested according to the presence of organic and inorganic contaminants. Electrocoagulation, electrooxidation, and electro-Fenton applications in wastewater have shown effective performance with high removal rates. The disadvantages of these processes are the formation of toxic intermediate metabolites, high energy consumption, and sludge generation. To overcome such disadvantages combined ecotechnologies can be applied in large-scale wastewater pollutants removal. The combination of electrochemical and biological treatment has gained importance, increased removal performance remarkably, and decreased operational costs. The critical discussion with depth information in this review could be beneficial for wastewater treatment plant operators throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yakamercan
- Department Environmental Engineering Department, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Ahmet Aygun
- Department Environmental Engineering Department, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Adedolapo W Adesope
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Halis Simsek
- Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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5
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Pereira TC, Flores EMM, Abramova AV, Verdini F, Calcio Gaudino E, Bucciol F, Cravotto G. Simultaneous hydrodynamic cavitation and glow plasma discharge for the degradation of metronidazole in drinking water. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106388. [PMID: 37011519 PMCID: PMC10457580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel hydrodynamic cavitation unit combined with a glow plasma discharge system (HC-GPD) was proposed for the degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in drinking water. Metronidazole (MNZ), a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic, was selected to demonstrate the potential of the proposed system. Cavitation bubbles generated by hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) can provide a pathway for charge conduction during glow plasma discharge (GPD). The synergistic effect between HC and GPD promotes the production of hydroxyl radicals, emission of UV light, and shock waves for MNZ degradation. Sonochemical dosimetry provided information on the enhanced formation of hydroxyl radicals during glow plasma discharge compared to hydrodynamic cavitation alone. Experimental results showed a MNZ degradation of 14% in 15 min for the HC alone (solution initially containing 300 × 10-6 mol L-1 MNZ). In experiments with the HC-GPD system, MNZ degradation of 90% in 15 min was detected. No significant differences were observed in MNZ degradation in acidic and alkaline solutions. MNZ degradation was also studied in the presence of inorganic anions. Experimental results showed that the system is suitable for the treatment of solutions with conductivity up to 1500 × 10-6 S cm-1. The results of sonochemical dosimetry showed the formation of oxidant species of 0.15 × 10-3 mol H2O2 L-1 in the HC system after 15 min. For the HC-GPD system, the concentration of oxidant species after 15 min reached 13 × 10-3 molH2O2L-1. Based on these results, the potential of combining HC and GPD systems for water treatment was demonstrated. The present work provided useful information on the synergistic effect between hydrodynamic cavitation and glow plasma discharge and their application for the degradation of antibiotics in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna V Abramova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Federico Verdini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Bucciol
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, Turin University, Turin, Italy
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6
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Gu X, Li J, Feng X, Qu W, Wang W, Wang J. Efficient removal of norfloxacin from water using batch airlift-electrocoagulation reactor: optimization and mechanisms analysis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8944-8954. [PMID: 36936850 PMCID: PMC10021078 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00471f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed an airlift-electrocoagulation (AL-EC) reactor to remove norfloxacin (NOR) from water. Six parameters influencing NOR removal were investigated, and the possible removal mechanism was proposed based on flocs characterization and intermediates analysis. The performances for treating different antibiotics and removing NOR from 3 types of water were also evaluated. The best NOR removal efficiency was obtained with the iron anode and aluminum cathode combination, a current density of 2 mA cm-2, an initial pH of 7, a treatment time of 32 minutes and an air flow rate of 200 mL min-1, the supporting electrolyte type was NaCl, and the initial NOR concentration was 10 mg L-1. Flocs adsorption and electrochemical oxidation were the main ways to remove NOR from water. The average removal efficiency of the AL-EC reactor exceeded 60% of the different antibiotic concentrations in artificial and real water. The highest NOR removal rate reached 93.48% with an operating cost of 0.153 USD m-3. The present work offers a strategy for NOR removal from water with high efficiency and low cost, showing a huge potential for the application of the AL-EC in antibiotic contaminated water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuege Gu
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
| | - Junfeng Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
| | - Xueting Feng
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
| | - Wenying Qu
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
| | - Wenhuai Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
| | - Jiankang Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University Shihezi 832000 PR China
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7
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Integrated Electro-photo-Fenton process and visible light-driven TiO2/rGO/Fe2O3 photocatalyst based on graphite cathode in the presence of iron anode for Metronidazole degradation. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-022-01760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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8
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Negarestani M, Farimaniraad H, Mollahosseini A, Kheradmand A, Shayesteh H. Facile preparation of sisal-Fe/Zn layered double hydroxide bio-nanocomposites for the efficient removal of rifampin from aqueous solution: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:586-597. [PMID: 35786106 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2093834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, sisal-Fe/Zn LDH bio-nanocomposite for efficiently removing rifampin was synthesized using a simple co-precipitation method. SEM, XRD, and FTIR analyses were applied to characterize the prepared composite. In the following, different factors that are affecting the adsorption of rifampin, including contact time, initial rifampin concentration, adsorbent dosage, and temperature were evaluated. Also, the kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies were investigated. The results indicated that Freundlich (R2 = 0.9976) was a suitable model for describing the adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetic showed that the data are in maximum agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9931). According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity of rifampin was found to be 40.00 mg/g. The main mechanisms for rifampin elimination were introduced as electrostatic attraction and physical adsorption. Moreover, the spontaneity and nature of the reaction were analyzed by elucidating thermodynamic factors that indicated the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. Also, the batch process design indicated that for treating 10 L wastewater containing 100 mg/L rifampin with a removal efficiency of 96%, the needed amount of sisal-Fe/Zn LDH is 51.6 g. This study revealed that the sisal-Fe/Zn LDH bio-nanocomposites as a low-cost adsorbent have promising adsorption potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Negarestani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Mollahosseini
- Research Laboratory of Spectroscopy & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Kheradmand
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Shayesteh
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
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9
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Mehrdoost A, Yengejeh RJ, Mohammadi MK, Haghighatzadeh A, Babaei AA. Adsorption removal and photocatalytic degradation of azithromycin from aqueous solution using PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn nanocomposite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33514-33527. [PMID: 35029828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18158-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The improper use of antibiotics and their discharge into the environment can have serious and hazardous consequences. The purpose of this research is to synthesize an activated carbon impregnated magnetite composite (PAC/Fe), prepare PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn nanocomposites, and innovate by simultaneously synthesizing two metals, zinc and silver, on magnetically activated carbon and check its ability to remove azithromycin antibiotic (AZT) from an aqueous solution via UV system. PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn nanocomposites were characterized by various techniques including XRD, FESEM, and EDX. A series of batch experiments were carried out under various experimental conditions such as pH of the solution (3-11), contact time (0-120 min), initial concentration of AZT (10-40 ppm), amount of PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn nano-absorbent (0.01-0.04 g/l), and recoverability and reuse. Some common isotherm models were used for the study of AZT adsorption removal and finding the best model. Also, kinetic studies of AZT removal were performed by fitting the experimental data on first-order and second-order models. In this system, under optimal conditions of pH = 9, 120 min with 0.04 g/l of PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn, 99.5% of 10 ppm AZT were degraded under UV-C irradiation. Furthermore, the obtained results of isotherm and kinetic studies revealed that Langmuir (R2 = 0.9336) isotherm model, and the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9826) had the highest correlation with the experimental data of AZT antibiotic adsorption. Finally, the reusability experiments showed that PAC/Fe/Ag/Zn nanocomposites have a high ability of antibiotic adsorption and high stability after four cycles of application (99.5 to 40%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Mehrdoost
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Ali Akbar Babaei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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Goswami RK, Agrawal K, Verma P. An exploration of natural synergy using microalgae for the remediation of pharmaceuticals and xenobiotics in wastewater. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Zhang X, Sun J, Zhao M. Enhanced metronidazole removal by binary-species photoelectrogenic biofilm of microaglae and anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 115:25-36. [PMID: 34969452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High efficient removal of antibiotics during nutriments recovery for biomass production poses a major technical challenge for photosynthetic microbial biofilm-based wastewater treatment since antibiotics are always co-exist with nutriments in wastewater and resist biodegradation due to their strong biotoxicity and recalcitrance. In this study, we make a first attempt to enhance metronidazole (MNZ) removal from wastewater using electrochemistry-activated binary-species photosynthetic biofilm of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris (R. Palustris) and Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) by cultivating them under different applied potentials. The results showed that application of external potentials of -0.3, 0 and 0.2 V led to 11, 33 and 26-fold acceleration in MNZ removal, respectively, as compared to that of potential free. The extent of enhancement in MNZ removal was positively correlated to the intensities of photosynthetic current produced under different externally applied potentials. The binary-species photoelectrogenic biofilm exhibited 18 and 6-fold higher MNZ removal rate than that of single-species of C. vulgaris and R. Palustris, respectively, due to the enhanced metabolic interaction between them. Application of an external potential of 0V significantly promoted the accumulation of tryptophan and tyrosine-like compounds as well as humic acid in extracellular polymeric substance, whose concentrations were 7.4, 7.1 and 2.0-fold higher than those produced at potential free, contributing to accelerated adsorption and reductive and photosensitive degradation of MNZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Sivaranjanee R, Senthil Kumar P, Saravanan R, Govarthanan M. Electrochemical sensing system for the analysis of emerging contaminants in aquatic environment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133779. [PMID: 35114262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This survey distinguishes understudied spaces of arising impurity research in wastewaters and the habitat, and suggests bearing for future checking. Thinking about the impeding effect of toxins on human wellbeing and biological system, their discovery in various media including water is fundamental. This review sums up and assesses the latest advances in the electrochemical detecting of emerging contaminants (ECs). This survey is expected to add to the advancement in electrochemical applications towards the ECs. Different electrochemical insightful procedures like Amperometry, Voltammetry has been examined in this overview. The improvement of cutting edge nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the discovery of drug compounds has accumulated monstrous consideration because of their benefits, like high affectability and selectivity, continuous observing, and convenience has been reviewed in this survey. This survey likewise features the diverse electrochemical treatment procedures accessible for the removal of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sivaranjanee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - R Saravanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - M Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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13
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Bajpai M, Katoch SS, Kadier A, Singh A. A review on electrocoagulation process for the removal of emerging contaminants: theory, fundamentals, and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:15252-15281. [PMID: 34978675 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) is an excellent and promising technology in wastewater treatment, as it combines the benefits of coagulation, flotation, and electrochemistry. During the last decade, extensive researches have focused on removal of emerging contaminants by using electrocoagualtion, due to its several advantages like compactness, cost-effectiveness, efficiency, low sludge production, and eco-friendness. Emerging contaminants (ECs) are micropollutants found in trace amounts that discharging into conventional wastewater treatment (WWT) plants entering surface waters and imposing a high threat to human and aquatic life. Various studies reveal that about 90% of emerging contaminants are disposed unscientifically into water bodies, creating problems to public health and environment. The studies on removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater are by global researchers are critically reviewed. The core findings proved that still more research required into optimization of parameters, system design, and economic feasibility to explore the potential of EC combined systems. This review has introduced an innovative collection of current knowledge on electro-coagulation for the removal of emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Bajpai
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, 177005, India.
| | - Surjit Singh Katoch
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, 177005, India
| | - Abudukeremu Kadier
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Adarsh Singh
- Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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14
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Zhang H, Bian J, Yang C, Hu Z, Liu F, Zhang C. Removal of tetracycline from livestock wastewater by positive single pulse current electrocoagulation: Mechanism, toxicity assessment and cost evaluation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:151955. [PMID: 34843788 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of veterinary antibiotics has led to the significant problem of contamination of livestock wastewater with significant amount of antibiotics. Electrocoagulation (EC) has become a prominent research topic because of the technique's ability to remove antibiotics from livestock wastewater. However, an urgent solution is needed to reduce the high operating costs associated with the process. Therefore, in this study, we developed a positive single pulse current (PSPC)-EC system to remove tetracycline (TC) from synthetic and actual livestock wastewater. Influential factors were investigated, and the optimal PSPC-EC operating parameters were identified as follows: duty ratio = 60%, pH = 4, electrode spacing = 1 cm, current intensity = 0.2 A, and conductivity = 2 mS cm-1. The mechanism of PSPC-EC was characterised using techniques including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The TC decomposition pathway was proposed based on the generation of its intermediate products. A toxicity estimation software tool (TEST) model was used to evaluate the toxicity of TC and its main degradation products, and most of its intermediates were found to be less toxic than TC. The contribution ratios of floc adsorption and electrochemical oxidation for removing TC were 74.17% and 21.48%, respectively. The highest TC removal rate reached 95% with an operating cost of 0.011 USD/m3. Finally, under the optimum conditions identified, actual livestock wastewater was treated by PSPC-EC. Compared with conventional EC and coagulation treatment techniques that consume electricity and produce pollution, the results indicate that the PSPC-EC technique with changing current operation mode is a more cost-effective and attractive option for removing TC from livestock wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianmin Bian
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chaoge Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Zichen Hu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130015, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Chunpeng Zhang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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15
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Vasseghian Y, Dragoi EN, Almomani F, Le VT. Graphene-based materials for metronidazole degradation: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131727. [PMID: 34352554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to its cytotoxic effect, metronidazole (MNZ) is a drug commonly used to treat bacterial, protozoal, and microaerophilic bacterial infections. After consumption, it undergoes a series of metamorphic reactions that lead to the degradation of oxidized, acetylated, and hydrolyzed metabolites in the environment. To eliminate such pollutants, due to their high potential, adsorption and photocatalysis extensive processes are used in which graphene can be used to improve efficiency. This review analyses the use of graphene as an absorbent and catalyst with a focus on absorption and photocatalytic degradation of MNZ by graphene-based materials (GBMs). The parameters affecting the adsorption, and photocatalytic degradation of MNZ are investigated and discussed. Besides, the basic mechanisms occurring in these processes are summarized and analyzed. This work provides a theoretical framework that can direct future research in the field of MNZ removal from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Elena-Niculina Dragoi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection "Cristofor Simionescu", "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Iasi, Bld Mangeron No 73, 700050, Romania.
| | - Fares Almomani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Van Thuan Le
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; The Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam.
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16
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Velasco-Garduño O, González-Blanco G, Fajardo-Ortiz MDC, Beristain-Cardoso R. Influence of metronidazole on activated sludge activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2815-2822. [PMID: 31920183 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1714746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metronidazole is potentially carcinogenic to humans and it has been detected in wastewaters. The Wastewater Treatment Plants using biological processes have been highly impacted by the emergent compounds of recalcitrant type, and the knowledge about that issue is quite relevant. Therefore, this paper was focused on how metronidazole influences the kinetics and metabolic behaviour of nitrification and heterotrophic activity on activated sludge in batch cultures. Eight concentrations of metronidazole in the range of 5-100 mg/L were evaluated, in the presence of 2109 ± 129 mg VSS/L. The increment of initial metronidazole concentration caused a decline on COD and ammonium removal efficiencies, nitrate production yields, as well as in the substrate-specific consumption rates. Metronidazole (MDZ) had a greater impact on heterotrophic activity than nitrifying activity; also, it had a greater inhibitory effect on nitrite oxidation than ammonium oxidation. The activated sludge was not able to biotransform metronidazole; however, the azole compound significantly affected the physiology of it. The inhibition of ammonium oxidation was non-competitive (qmax = 120 mg NH4+-N consumed/gVSS-d, and Ki = 41.5 mg MDZ/L) and the initial metronidazole concentration that inhibited 50% of nitrifying activity (IC50) was 43 mg MDZ/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Velasco-Garduño
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
- Departmento de Recursos de la Tierra, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma, México
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17
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Barjasteh-Askari F, Davoudi M, Dolatabadi M, Ahmadzadeh S. Iron-modified activated carbon derived from agro-waste for enhanced dye removal from aqueous solutions. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07191. [PMID: 34141942 PMCID: PMC8188370 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Finding a cost-effective adsorbent can be an obstacle to large-scale applications of adsorption. This study used an efficient activated carbon adsorbent based on agro-waste for dye removal. Methods Pistachio shells as abundant local agro-wastes were used to prepare activated carbon. Then, it was modified with iron to improve its characteristics. Acid red 14 was used as a model dye in various conditions of adsorption (AR14 concentration 20–150 mg L−1, pH 3–10, adsorbent dosage 0.1–0.3 g L−1, and contact time 5–60 min). Results A mesoporous adsorbent was prepared from pistachio shells with 811.57 m2 g−1 surface area and 0.654 cm3 g−1 pore volume. Iron modification enhanced the characteristics of activated carbon (surface area by 33.3% and pore volume by 64.1%). Adsorption experiments showed the high effectiveness of iron-modified activated carbon for AR14 removal (>99%, >516 mg g−1). The adsorption followed the pseudo-second kinetic model (k = 0.0005 g mg−1 min−1) and the Freundlich isotherm model (Kf = 152.87, n = 4.61). Besides, the reaction occurred spontaneously (ΔG0 = −36.65 to −41.12 kJ mol−1) and was exothermic (ΔH0 = −41.86 kJ mol−1 and ΔS0 = −3.34 J mol−1 K−1). Conclusion Iron-modified activated carbon derived from pistachio shells could be cost-effective for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Barjasteh-Askari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.,Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Davoudi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Dolatabadi
- Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeid Ahmadzadeh
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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18
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Adar E, Ilhan F, Aygun A. Different methods applied to remove pollutants from real epoxy paint wastewater: modeling using the response surface method. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1907410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elanur Adar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ilhan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Aygun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
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19
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Zhang H, Zhou W, Zhan X, Chi Z, Li W, He B, Tan S. Biodegradation performance and biofouling control of a halophilic biocarriers-MBR in saline pharmaceutical (ampicillin-containing) wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127949. [PMID: 32822933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work develops a halophilic biocarriers-MBR for saline pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The system has effectively treated the ampicillin-containing saline wastewater for 32 days, when the ampicillin concentration is lower than 20 mg/L. The system can tolerate the saline organic wastewater with a reasonable biodegradability (removals of COD over 75%) when the ampicillin concentration is 50 mg/L. The system has a bad performance in biodegradation (COD removals around 60-70%) and fouled within 16 days at a high ampicillin concentration of 100 mg/L. At high transmembrane pressures over 30 KPa, some ampicillin molecules may permeate through the membrane causing decreases in the ampicillin removal. The concentrations of protein and carbohydrate in EPS and SMP have increased over time and with increasing the ampicillin concentration. The method of biofouling control in MBR for the ampicillin situations has been proposed based on monitoring the concentrations of EPS and SMP. The drying-assisted monitoring of membrane biofoulants has showed a better efficiency than the monitoring of transmembrane pressure for membrane anti-biofouling in the treatment of pharmaceutical saline wastewaters where a spectroscopic detection can be hardly applied. This work may benefit relative research works for the control of biodegradation performance and membrane biofouling to better treat saline pharmaceutical wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyong Zhang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xuehui Zhan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China
| | - Zhenxing Chi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Binsheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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20
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Hendaoui K, Trabelsi-Ayadi M, Ayari F. Optimization and mechanisms analysis of indigo dye removal using continuous electrocoagulation. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Basturk I, Murat-Hocaoglu S, Varank G, Yazici-Guvenc S. Comparison of Ozonation and Electro-Fenton Processes for Sodium Azide Removal in Medical Laboratory Wastewater by Using Central Composite Design. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1861017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Basturk
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Marmara Research Center, Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Selda Murat-Hocaoglu
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Marmara Research Center, Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Gamze Varank
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senem Yazici-Guvenc
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Bajpai M, Katoch SS. Techno-economical optimization using Box-Behnken (BB) design for chemical oxygen demand and chloride reduction from hospital wastewater by electro-coagulation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:2140-2154. [PMID: 32621524 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study examines the optimum condition of an electro-coagulation (EC) unit for treatment of hospital wastewater (HWW) using iron (Fe) electrodes. The impact of factors such as pH, current, and electrolysis time on COD, chloride, and anode dissolution was investigated. For this purpose, Box-Behnken (BB) design based on the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design and analyze the results. The predicted value of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and chloride removal at optimum conditions (pH: 7.41, current: 2.64 A and electrolysis time: 41.31 min) were 92.81% and 71.23%, respectively. At same optimum conditions, the value of energy and electrode consumption per kg of COD was 0.06376 kWh/kg COD and 1.362 kg/kg COD, respectively. High value of R2 (i.e., R2 > 99%) for all three responses (Y1 , Y2 , and Y3 ) obtained from ANOVA confirms that the proposed model is valid, accurate, and acceptable. The kinetic study shows linear relationship and follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Pareto graph shows that the percentage impact of current factor on COD and chloride removal was maximum, that is, 54.984% and 66.79%, respectively. Lastly, the total cost of EC treatment was calculated in terms of COD removal and was found to be 55.47 ₹/kg COD. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Using Fe electrode results in 92.81% COD and 71.23% Chloride removal, respectively. High value of R2 > 99% for all three responses from ANOVA confirms the proposed model is valid. Pareto analysis shows current factor has maximum percentage impact on pollutant removal. Kinetic study shows linear relationship and follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Bajpai
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, India
| | - Surjit Singh Katoch
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, India
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23
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Moteshaker PM, Rokni SE, Farnoodian N, Mohassel Akhlaghi N, Saadi S, Ahmadidoust G, Yousefi A. Application of response surface methodology for optimization of electrochemical process in metronidazole (MNZ) removal from aqueous solutions using stainless steel 316 (SS316) and lead (Pb) anodes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2020-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPharmaceutical compounds in drinking water sources, in addition to threatening environmental health, increase bacterial resistance in aquatic environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of response surface methodology for the optimization of the electrochemical process in the removal of metronidazole (MNZ) aqueous solutions using stainless steel 316 (SS316) and Lead (Pb) anodes. In this experimental study, the effect of different parameters including pH (4–10), electrolysis time (40–120 min), MNZ antibiotic concentration (30–150 mg/L), and current density (2–10 mA/cm2) on Antibiotic removal efficiency was evaluated by a central composite design method using Design-Expert software. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and p-Value tests. Hence, central composite design (CCD) established a reduced quadratic polynomial model with P-value < 0.0001 and R2 = 0.98. The optimal values for the solution pH initial, electrolysis time, current density, and MNZ antibiotic concentration were 5.5, 100.0 min, 8.0 mA/cm2, and 50 mg/L, respectively. By employing the optimum conditions obtained, the maximum experimental removal efficiencies by SS316 and Pb anodes were 67.85 and 78.66%, respectively. The Chemical Oxygen Demand/total organic carbon (COD/TOC) ratio was decreased from 1.67 at the inlet to 1.53 at the outlet for SS316 and from 1.7 to 1.42 for Pb. Moreover, average oxidation state (AOS) was increased from 1.45 to 1.7 for SS316 and from 1.45 to 1.86 for Pb, which indicates the biodegradability of MNZ antibiotics by the electrochemical process. The electrochemical degradation process was identified as an effective method for the removal of MNZ from aquatic solutions, and it has an outstanding potential in removing other refractory pollutants from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Ehsan Rokni
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Farnoodian
- Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sommayeh Saadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghobad Ahmadidoust
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arman Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Bonab, Bonab, Iran
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24
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Zaied BK, Rashid M, Nasrullah M, Zularisam AW, Pant D, Singh L. A comprehensive review on contaminants removal from pharmaceutical wastewater by electrocoagulation process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138095. [PMID: 32481207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceuticals are emergent contaminants, which can create potential threats for human health and the environment. All the pharmaceutical contaminants are becoming enormous in the environment as conventional wastewater treatment cannot be effectively implemented due to toxic and intractable action of pharmaceuticals. For this reason, the existence of pharmaceutical contaminants has brought great awareness, causing significant concern on their transformation, occurrence, risk, and fate in the environments. Electrocoagulation (EC) treatment process is effectively applied for the removal of contaminants, radionuclides, pesticides, and also harmful microorganisms. During the EC process, an electric current is employed directly, and both electrodes are dissoluted partially in the reactor under the special conditions. This electrode dissolution produces the increased concentration of cation, which is finally precipitated as hydroxides and oxides. Different anode materials usage like aluminum, stainless steel, iron, etc. are found more effective in EC operation for efficient removal of pharmaceutical contaminants. Due to the simple procedure and less costly material, EC method is extensively recognized for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment over further conventional treatment methods. The EC process has more usefulness to destabilize the pharmaceutical contaminants with the neutralization of charge and after that coagulating those contaminants to produce flocs. Thus, the review places particular emphasis on the application of EC process to remove pharmaceutical contaminants. First, the operational parameters influencing EC efficiency with the electroanalysis techniques are described. Second, in this review emerging challenges, current developments and techno-economic concerns of EC are highlighted. Finally, future recommendations and prospective on EC are envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Zaied
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26600 Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nasrullah
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A W Zularisam
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Lakhveer Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh - 522502, India.
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25
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Saadi S, Moteshaker PM, Rokni SE, Ahmadidoust G, Farnoodian N, Yousefi A. The electrochemical degradation of the metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic using electrochemical oxidation on a stainless steel316 coated with beta lead oxide (SS316/β-PbO2) anode. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2019-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMetronidazole (MNZ) is one of the pharmaceutical products which is considered as one of the most important pollutants in the environment due to its wide use and resistance to biodegradation. Hence, the purpose of this study is the optimization of the electrochemical degradation of the metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic using electrochemical oxidation on a stainless steel316 coated with beta lead oxide (SS316/β-PbO2) anode. In the studied electrochemical process, the response surface methodology (RSM) involving a five-level ((pH (A) and electrolysis time (B), current density (C), and MNZ concentration (D)). The central composite design (CCD) was employed for optimizing and modeling of the electrochemical process in the degradation of MNZ. The preparation of SS316/β-PbO2 anode was accomplished using the electro-deposition method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were conducted for accurate evaluation and characterization of the coated electrode. The effect of influencing factors on electrochemical degradation of MNZ was studied, and the highest MNZ degradation efficiency was observed to be 98.88% after 120 min under the optimal conditions including the supporting electrolyte concentration of 1.0 g/100 cc, the initial MNZ concentration of 30.1 mg/L, pH of 4 and the current density of 9.99 mA/cm2. The linear regression coefficient (R2) between experiments and different response values in the model was 0.99. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the results indicated that in the range studied, the most effective parameters in MNZ degradation are MNZ concentration and pH. In general, it can be concluded that the electrochemical process using SS316/β-PbO2 anode can effectively eliminate metronidazole, and it can be considered as an efficient method in the degradation of various pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sommayeh Saadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Parisa Mahmoudpoor Moteshaker
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Rokni
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ghobad Ahmadidoust
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Narges Farnoodian
- Department of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Arman Yousefi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Bonab, Bonab, Islamic Republic of Iran
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26
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Segovia-Sandoval SJ, Pastrana-Martínez LM, Ocampo-Pérez R, Morales-Torres S, Berber-Mendoza MS, Carrasco-Marín F. Synthesis and characterization of carbon xerogel/graphene hybrids as adsorbents for metronidazole pharmaceutical removal: Effect of operating parameters. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Synthesis and Characterization of Arsenic(III) Oxide Nanoparticles as Potent Inhibitors of MCF 7 Cell Proliferation through Proapoptotic Mechanism. BIONANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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28
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Elnakar H, Buchanan I. Soluble chemical oxygen demand removal from bypass wastewater using iron electrocoagulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136076. [PMID: 31862601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In-plant wastewater treatment strategies to handle bypass wastewater exceeding design capacity are insufficiently investigated in the scientific literature notwithstanding their importance in ensuring sustainable wastewater management. In this study, the effectiveness of iron electrocoagulation was investigated, for the first time, to enhance primary treatment capability in removing soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) from bypass wastewater. In addition, the appropriate assumptions and experimental protocols for the application of adsorption isotherm models, widely used to describe the electrocoagulation process, were discussed in light of experimental results. Under neutral pH conditions, the bypass wastewater treatment was performed to test the effects of three preselected variables (electrolysis duration, current density, and temperature) on sCOD removal. Using a 15 mA/cm2 current density, an average 52% sCOD removal efficiency was achieved after 15 min at 23 °C while approximately 40 min were needed to attain comparable removal efficiency at 8 °C. sCOD removals of 74% and 87% were achieved after 40 min treatment using a 22 mA/cm2 current density at 8 °C and 23 °C, respectively. Experimental results and theory show that adsorption equilibrium was not reached in the electrocoagulation cell; consequently, variable-order-kinetic (VOK) models derived from Langmuir and Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption expressions were adapted to describe the process. These models were modified to account for the de facto estimation of ferric hydroxide (adsorbent) mass that accounts for the conversion of ferrous ion to particulate end products. The Langmuir-based VOK model was found to better describe sCOD removal under all the operating conditions tested and showed the sCOD removal mechanism to be consistent with chemisorption. This research shows the promising ability of iron electrocoagulation to achieve superior removal of sCOD as compared to established and emerging standalone bypass wastewater treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Elnakar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 St. NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Ian Buchanan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 St. NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
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Liu Y, Liu H, Yao Z, Diao Y, Hu G, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Li Z. Fabrication, improved performance, and response mechanism of binary Ag–Sb alloy pH electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kaur M. Impact of Response Surface Methodology–Optimized Synthesis Parameters on In vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized using Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn. BIONANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-019-00681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Kais
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nacèra Yeddou Mezenner
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Trari
- Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
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Wan D, Wu Q, Ni H, Liu G, Ruan Z, Yin Y. Treatments for Iron Deficiency (ID): Prospective Organic Iron Fortification. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:325-332. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190319111437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency, one of the most common nutritional deficient disorders, frequently affects infants,
adolescents and pregnant women and impairs growth, development and immune responses. Iron deficiency may
also be secondary to gastrointestinal conditions such as gastrectomy and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as
cancer and chronic uremia. Iron supplementation is the most commonly selected treatment option for iron deficiency.
This review summarizes the iron compounds currently recommended for the iron fortification of foods
and for clinical use. Additionally, this review discusses and compares the important aspects of high-quality iron
compounds/products and classes of compounds that enhance iron bioavailability. The development of efficient
iron fortification methods remains the most cost-effective and long-term approach to the treatment of iron deficiency
or related anemia. To date, no orally administered options for iron fortification can sufficiently replace the
parenteral administration of iron supplements, which includes the intramuscular injection of iron-dextran to neonatal
piglets and intravenous injection of iron supplements to patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Iron
bioavailability may be enhanced by encouraging customers to ingest iron-enriched foods together with dietary
sources of vitamin C, folic acid and/or oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hengjia Ni
- Academician Workstation of Hunan Baodong Farming Co. Ltd., Hunan 422001, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Bakr AR, Rahaman MS. Crossflow electrochemical filtration for elimination of ibuprofen and bisphenol a from pure and competing electrolytic solution conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 365:615-621. [PMID: 30471576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a crossflow electrochemical filtration system containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) blended with buckypaper as a flat sheet dual membrane electrode was investigated for the removal of two contaminants of emerging concern, Ibuprofen and Bisphenol A. Breakthrough experiments revealed that a crossflow configuration could be highly efficient in eliminating both contaminants at applied DC potentials of 2 and 3 V over an extended period, from pure salt electrolyte as well as from synthetic secondary wastewater effluent. The shear flow provided consistent surface coverage resulting in excellent sorption performance. The long residence time of the two contaminants within the membrane (18.3 s) was sufficient enough to allow for almost complete degradation of phenolic aromatic products and quinoid rings and the resulting formation of aliphatic carboxylic acids, which was more evident at a higher applied potential (3 V). The formation of the non-toxic aliphatic carboxylic acids is a clear indication of the superior electrochemical performance of the crossflow mode over the dead-end flow-through system. Moreover, this study provides an in-depth understanding of different factors such as filter surface area and residence time that can greatly affect the removal of the contaminants considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Refaat Bakr
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Md Saifur Rahaman
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1M8, Canada.
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