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Wang J, Kong J, Gao C, Zhou L. Effect of mixed physical barrier on seawater intrusion and nitrate accumulation in coastal unconfined aquifers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105308-105328. [PMID: 37713083 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29637-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Physical barrier has been proven to be one of the most effective measures to prevent and control seawater intrusion (SWI) in coastal areas. Mixed physical barrier (MPB), a new type of physical barrier, has been shown to have higher efficiency in SWI control. As with conventional subsurface dam and cutoff wall, the construction of MPB may lead to the accumulation of nitrate contaminants in coastal aquifers. We investigated the SWI control capacity and nitrate accumulation in the MPB using a numerical model of variable density flow coupling with reactive transport, and performed sensitivity analysis on the subsurface dam height, cutoff wall depth and opening spacing in the MPB. The differences in SWI control and nitrate accumulation between MPB and conventional subsurface dam and cutoff wall were compared to assess the applicability of different physical barrier. The numerical results show that the construction of MPB will increase the nitrate concentration and contaminated area in the aquifer. The prevention and control efficiency of MPB against SWI is positively correlated with the depth of the cutoff wall, reaching the highest efficiency at the minimum effective dam height, and the retreat distance of the saltwater wedge is positively correlated with the opening spacing. We found a non-monotonic relationship between the change in subsurface dam height and the extent of nitrate accumulation, with total nitrate mass and contaminated area increasing and then decreasing as the height of the subsurface dam increased. The degree of nitrate accumulation increased linearly with increasing the height of the cutoff wall and the opening spacing. Under certain conditions, MPB is 46-53% and 16-57% more efficient in preventing and controlling SWI than conventional subsurface dam and cutoff wall, respectively. However, MPB caused 14-27% and 2-12% more nitrate accumulation than subsurface dam and cutoff wall, respectively. The findings of this study are of great value for the protection of coastal groundwater resources and will help decision makers to select appropriate engineering measures and designs to reduce the accumulation of nitrate pollutants while improving the efficiency of SWI control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection (Hohai University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Kong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection (Hohai University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection (Hohai University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lvbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection (Hohai University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Niu S, Gao S, Zhang K, Li Z, Wang G, Li H, Xia Y, Tian J, Yu E, Xie J, Zhang M, Gong W. Effects of hydraulic retention time and influent nitrate concentration on solid-phase denitrification system using wheat husk as carbon source. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15756. [PMID: 37520256 PMCID: PMC10373648 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-phase denitrification shows promise for removing nitrate (NO3--N) from water. Biological denitrification uses external carbon sources to remove nitrogen from wastewater, among which agriculture waste is considered the most promising source due to its economic and efficiency advantages. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and influent nitrate concentration (INC) are the main factors influencing biological denitrification. This study explored the effects of HRT and INC on solid-phase denitrification using wheat husk (WH) as a carbon source. A solid-phase denitrification system with WH carbon source was constructed to explore denitrification performance with differing HRT and INC. The optimal HRT and INC of the wheat husk-denitrification reactor (WH-DR) were 32 h and 50 mg/L, respectively. Under these conditions, NO3--N and total nitrogen removal rates were 97.37 ± 2.68% and 94.08 ± 4.01%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the dominant phyla in the WH-DR operation were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Campilobacterota. Among the dominant genera, Diaphorobacter (0.85%), Ideonella (0.38%), Thiobacillus (4.22%), and Sulfurifustis (0.60%) have denitrification functions; Spirochaeta (0.47%) is mainly involved in the degradation of WH; and Acidovorax (0.37%) and Azospira (0.86%) can both denitrify and degrade WH. This study determined the optimal HRT and INC for WH-DR and provides a reference for the development and application of WH as a novel, slow-release carbon source in treating aquaculture wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Niu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ermeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minting Zhang
- Guangdong Shunde Junjian Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Wangbao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center, Guangzhou, China
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One Bicopper Complex with Good Affinity to Nitrate for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) plays an irreplaceable role in human life as a promising energy carrier and indispensable chemical raw material. Nitrate electroreduction to ammonium (NRA) not only removes nitrate pollutants, but also can be used for efficient NH3 production under ambient conditions. However, achieving high efficiency and selectivity of electrocatalysts is still a great challenge. Herein, a complex Cu2(NO3)4(BMMB)·H2O with a bicopper core is assembled by Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and 1,4-bis{[2-(2’-pyridyl)benzimidazolyl]methyl}benzene (BMMB) for NRA under alkaline conditions. The optimal sample showed excellent nitrate reduction performance with the NO3− conversion rate of 70%, Faradaic efficiency of up to 90%, and NH3 selectivity of more than 95%. The high-catalytic activity is mainly due to the ingeniously designed copper cores with strong affinity for NO3−, which accelerates the transferring rate of adsorbed nitrate on the Cu surface and increases the efficiency of rate-determining step (NO3− → NO2−) in the whole catalytic process. Therefore, the transformation of surface-exposed nitrate can be rapidly catalyzed by the Cu active sites, facilitating the conversion efficiency of nitrate.
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Mai W, Chen J, Liu H, Liang J, Tang J, Wei Y. Advances in Studies on Microbiota Involved in Nitrogen Removal Processes and Their Applications in Wastewater Treatment. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746293. [PMID: 34733260 PMCID: PMC8560000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discharge of excess nitrogenous pollutants in rivers or other water bodies often leads to serious ecological problems and results in the collapse of aquatic ecosystems. Nitrogenous pollutants are often derived from the inefficient treatment of industrial wastewater. The biological treatment of industrial wastewater for the removal of nitrogen pollution is a green and efficient strategy. In the initial stage of the nitrogen removal process, the nitrogenous pollutants are converted to ammonia. Traditionally, nitrification and denitrification processes have been used for nitrogen removal in industrial wastewater; while currently, more efficient processes, such as simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, partial nitrification-anammox, and partial denitrification-anammox processes, are used. The microorganisms participating in nitrogen pollutant removal processes are diverse, but information about them is limited. In this review, we summarize the microbiota participating in nitrogen removal processes, their pathways, and associated functional genes. We have also discussed the design of efficient industrial wastewater treatment processes for the removal of nitrogenous pollutants and the application of microbiome engineering technology and synthetic biology strategies in the modulation of the nitrogen removal process. This review thus provides insights that would help in improving the efficiency of nitrogen pollutant removal from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenning Mai
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Henan Public Security Bureau, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Linköping University - Guangzhou University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wen Q, Su J, Li G, Huang T, Xue L, Bai Y. Performance and microbial community of a novel PVA/iron-carbon (Fe–C) immobilized bioreactor for nitrate removal from groundwater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2020-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An efficient immobilized denitrification bioreactor functioning under anaerobic conditions was developed by combining bacterial immobilization technology with iron-carbon (Fe–C) particles. The effects of key factors on nitrate (NO3
−–N) removal efficiency were invested, such as the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Experimental results show that 100.00% NO3
−–N removal efficiency and a low level of nitrite (NO2
−–N) accumulation less than 0.05 mg L−1 were obtained under the condition of a C/N ratio of 3, pH 7.0 and HRT of 6 h. Meteorological chromatographic analysis showed that the final product of denitrification was mainly nitrogen (N2). The main component of precipitation formed in the bioreactor was characterized as Fe3O4 by X-ray diffraction. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the dominant bacterial class in the Fe–C bioreactor was Gammaproteobacteria, while the dominant genera were Zoogloea and Azospira, the relative abundances of which were as high as 23.25 and 15.43%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Guoqing Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Lei Xue
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering , Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi’an 710055 , China
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Quan X, Zhang H, Liu H, Chen L, Li N. Remediation of nitrogen polluted water using Fe-C microelectrolysis and biofiltration under mixotrophic conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127272. [PMID: 32534299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid biofilter was established on Fe-C supported carriers aimed to enhance nitrogen removal from polluted water of low Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Effects of organic loadings, hydraulic retention time (HRT), additional electron donor (Fe2+) supplementation and operation mode on the performance of the biofilter were investigated. Results showed that up-flow operation mode was better than down-flow mode in terms of nitrate and total nitrogen (TN) removal at low COD/N. The average removal of NO3--N, NH4+ -N and TN attained 83.1%, 84.7% and 81.2%, respectively, under the conditions of influent COD/NO3--N = 1.5-3.6, HRT = 10 h and up-flow operation. When the biofilter was operated under autotrophic conditions without organic compounds in influent as electron donors, the biofilter achieved a NO3--N removal of 46% and TN removal of 56% depending on the innate electron donors provided by the Fe-C carriers. Supplementation of Fe2+ in influent further promoted autotrophic denitrifying process, and the removal of NO3--N and TN increased to 96.3% and 84.7%, respectively, at the mol ratio of Fe2+/NO3- = 10 and HRT = 10 h. The microbial community was analyzed for the biofilm samples enriched under heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions. The Fe-C biofilter boosted the growth of a large population of mixotrophic denitrifying bacteria including Gallionella, heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria Denitratisoma, and autotrophic denitrifying bacteria Thiobacillus and Thioalkalispira. On the whole, the biofilter coupled with Fe-C micro-electrolysis provides a novel strategy to treat polluted water of low C/N under both heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Quan
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jinlin, 132012, Jinlin Province, China
| | - Hezun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jinlin, 132012, Jinlin Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Naiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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