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Zeb R, Yin X, Chen F, Wang KJ. Chronic exposure to environmental concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene causes multifaceted toxic effects of developmental compromise, redox imbalance, and modulated transcriptional profiles in the early life stages of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:107016. [PMID: 38991362 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulate and integrate into aquatic environments, raising concerns about the well-being and safety of aquatic ecosystems. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a persistent PAH commonly detected in the environment, has been extensively studied. However, the broader multifaceted toxicity potential of BaP on the early life stages of marine fish during chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations needs further exploration. To fill these knowledge gaps, this study assessed the in vivo biotoxicity of BaP (1, 4, and 8 μg/L) in marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) during early development over a 30-day exposure period. The investigation included morphological, biochemical, and molecular-level analyses to capture the broader potential of BaP toxicity. Morphological analyses showed that exposure to BaP resulted in skeletal curvatures, heart anomalies, growth retardation, elevated mortality, delayed and reduced hatching rates. Biochemical analyses revealed that BaP exposure not only created oxidative stress but also disrupted the activities of antioxidant enzymes. This disturbance in redox balance was further explored by molecular level investigation. The transcriptional profiles revealed impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle pathways, which potentially inhibited the oxidative respiratory chain in fish following exposure to BaP, and reduced the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Furthermore, this investigation indicated a potential connection to apoptosis, as demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy and histological analyses, and supported by an increase in the expression levels of related genes via real-time quantitative PCR. This study enhances our understanding of the molecular-level impacts of BaP's multifaceted toxicity in the early life stages of marine medaka, and the associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Zeb
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
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Zhao ST, Qiu ZC, Zeng RY, Zou HX, Qiu RB, Peng HZ, Zhou LF, Xu ZQ, Lai SQ, Wan L. Exploring the molecular biology of ischemic cardiomyopathy based on ferroptosis‑related genes. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:221. [PMID: 38590563 PMCID: PMC11000445 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a serious cardiac disease with a very high mortality rate worldwide, which causes myocardial ischemia and hypoxia as the main damage. Further understanding of the underlying pathological processes of cardiomyocyte injury is key to the development of cardioprotective strategies. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels, resulting in oxidative damage to the cell membrane. The current understanding of the role and regulation of ferroptosis in ICM is still limited, especially in the absence of evidence from large-scale transcriptomic data. Through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of human ICM transcriptome data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the present study identified differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) in ICM. Subsequently, their potential biological mechanisms and cross-talk were analyzed, and hub genes were identified by constructing protein-protein interaction networks. Ferroptosis features such as reactive oxygen species generation, changes in ferroptosis marker proteins, iron ion aggregation and lipid oxidation, were identified in the H9c2 anoxic reoxygenation injury model. Finally, the diagnostic ability of Gap junction alpha-1 (GJA1), Solute carrier family 40 member 1 (SLC40A1), Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) were identified through receiver operating characteristic curves and the expression of DEFRGs was verified in an in vitro model. Furthermore, potential drugs (retinoic acid) that could regulate ICM ferroptosis were predicted based on key DEFRGs. The present article presents new insights into the role of ferroptosis in ICM, investigating the regulatory role of ferroptosis in the pathological process of ICM and advocating for ferroptosis as a potential novel therapeutic target for ICM based on evidence from the ICM transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Tao Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Cong Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Yuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Xi Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospita, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330200, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Bin Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Han-Zhi Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Fen Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Song-Qing Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Surgical Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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3
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Uchida M, Addai-Arhin S, Ishibashi H, Hirano M, Fukushima S, Ishibashi Y, Tominaga N, Arizono K. Developmental toxicity and transcriptome analysis of equine estrogens in developing medaka (Oryzias latipes) using nanosecond pulsed electric field incorporation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 266:109547. [PMID: 36621632 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Equine estrogens (EQs) are steroidal hormones isolated from the urine of pregnant mares and are used in the formulation of human medications. This study initially investigated the embryonic developmental toxicity of equilin (Eq) and equilenin (Eqn) in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Malformations were observed in embryos exposed to nominal concentrations of 1 and 10 mg/L of Eq and Eqn. Delayed hatching was observed at 1 mg/L of Eq. To further investigate the molecular mechanism of developmental toxicity caused by Eq and Eqn, transcriptome and bioinformatics analyses were performed. Among 2016 and 3855 total differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 1117 DEGs overlapped between Eq. (55.4 % of total DEGs) and Eq. (29.0 % of total DEGs). Gene ontology indicated effects in terms related to blood circulation and cell junctions. Pathway analyses using DEGs revealed that both Eq and Eqn treatments at 10 mg/L affected various KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways, such as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, retinol metabolism, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. These results suggest that the disruption of these KEGG pathways is involved in the developmental toxicity of EQs in medaka embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Uchida
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka 836-8585, Japan
| | - Sylvester Addai-Arhin
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; Pharmaceutical Science Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumasi Technical University, Post Office Box 854, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Hiroshi Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, 9-1-1 Toroku, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Univ. St. 1-1-1, Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi 756-0884, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tominaga
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka 836-8585, Japan.
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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Horie Y, Ramaswamy BR, Ríos JM, Yap CK, Okamura H. Effects of plasticizer diisobutyl adipate on the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) endocrine system. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 36647207 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Plasticizer pollution of the water environment is one of the world's most serious environmental issues. Phthalate plasticizers can disrupt endocrine function in vertebrates. Therefore, this study analyzed thyroid-related, reproduction-related, and estrogen-responsive genes in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) to determine whether non-phthalate diisobutyl adipate (DIBA) plasticizer could affect endocrine hormone activity or not. Developmental toxicity during fish embryogenesis was also evaluated. At a concentration of 11.57 mg/l, embryonic exposure to DIBA increased the mortality rate. Although abnormal development, including body curvature, edema, and lack of swim bladder inflation, was observed at 3.54 and 11.57 mg/l DIBA, growth inhibition and reduced swimming performance were also observed. In addition, DIBA exposure increased the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone beta-subunit (tshβ) and deiodinase 1 (dio1) but decreased the levels of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (trα) and beta (trβ). These results suggest that DIBA has thyroid hormone-disrupting activities in fish. However, kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh1), follicle-stimulating hormone beta (fshβ), luteinizing hormone beta (lhβ), choriogenin H (chgH), and vitellogenin (vtg1) expression did not change dose-dependently in response to DIBA exposure, whereas gnrh2 and vtg2 expression was elevated. These results indicate that DIBA has low estrogenic activity and does not disrupt the endocrine reproduction system in fish. Overall, this is the first report indicating that non-phthalate DIBA plasticizer is embryotoxic and disrupt thyroid hormone activity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Horie
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukae Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukae Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan.,Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Juan Manuel Ríos
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU, CCT-CONICET), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Chee Kong Yap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hideo Okamura
- Research Center for Inland Seas (KURCIS), Kobe University, Fukae Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
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Okeke ES, Okoye CO, Chidike Ezeorba TP, Mao G, Chen Y, Xu H, Song C, Feng W, Wu X. Emerging bio-dispersant and bioremediation technologies as environmentally friendly management responses toward marine oil spill: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 322:116123. [PMID: 36063698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine oil spills emanating from wells, pipelines, freighters, tankers, and storage facilities draw public attention and necessitate quick and environmentally friendly response measures. It is sometimes feasible to contain the oil with booms and collect it with skimmers or burn it, but this is impracticable in many circumstances, and all that can be done without causing further environmental damage is adopting natural attenuation, particularly through microbial biodegradation. Biodegradation can be aided by carefully supplying biologically accessible nitrogen and phosphorus to alleviate some of the microbial growth constraints at the shoreline. This review discussed the characteristics of oil spills, origin, ecotoxicology, health impact of marine oils spills, and responses, including the variety of remedies and responses to oil spills using biological techniques. The different bioremediation and bio-dispersant treatment technologies are then described, with a focus on the use of green surfactants and their advances, benefits/drawbacks. These technologies were thoroughly explained, with a timeline of research and recent studies. Finally, the hurdles that persist as a result of spills are explored, as well as the measures that must be taken and the potential for the development of existing treatment technologies, all of which must be linked to the application of integrated procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria; Natural Science Unit, SGS, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Charles Obinwanne Okoye
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria; Biofuel Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 41000, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Guanghua Mao
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Hai Xu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Chang Song
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China.
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Fu C, Li Y, Xi H, Niu Z, Chen N, Wang R, Yan Y, Gan X, Wang M, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Lv P. Benzo(a)pyrene and cardiovascular diseases: An overview of pre-clinical studies focused on the underlying molecular mechanism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:978475. [PMID: 35990352 PMCID: PMC9386258 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.978475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) whose toxicological effects in the vessel-wall cells have been recognized. Many lines of evidence suggest that tobacco smoking and foodborne BaP exposure play a pivotal role in the dysfunctions of vessel-wall cells, such as vascular endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cells, which contribute to the formation and worsening of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). To clarify the underlying molecular mechanism of BaP-evoked CVDs, the present study mainly focused on both cellular and animal reports whose keywords include BaP and atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, hypertension, or myocardial injury. This review demonstrated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its relative signal transduction pathway exert a dominant role in the oxidative stress, inflammation response, and genetic toxicity of vessel-wall cells. Furthermore, antagonists and synergists of BaP are also discussed to better understand its mechanism of action on toxic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuemin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Xi
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zemiao Niu
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghuan Yan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoruo Gan
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengtian Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Bukowska B, Mokra K, Michałowicz J. Benzo[ a]pyrene-Environmental Occurrence, Human Exposure, and Mechanisms of Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6348. [PMID: 35683027 PMCID: PMC9181839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the main representative of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and has been repeatedly found in the air, surface water, soil, and sediments. It is present in cigarette smoke as well as in food products, especially when smoked and grilled. Human exposure to B[a]P is therefore common. Research shows growing evidence concerning toxic effects induced by this substance. This xenobiotic is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP P450) to carcinogenic metabolite: 7β,8α-dihydroxy-9α,10α-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), which creates DNA adducts, causing mutations and malignant transformations. Moreover, B[a]P is epigenotoxic, neurotoxic, and teratogenic, and exhibits pro-oxidative potential and causes impairment of animals' fertility. CYP P450 is strongly involved in B[a]P metabolism, and it is simultaneously expressed as a result of the association of B[a]P with aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), playing an essential role in the cancerogenic potential of various xenobiotics. In turn, polymorphism of CYP P450 genes determines the sensitivity of the organism to B[a]P. It was also observed that B[a]P facilitates the multiplication of viruses, which may be an additional problem with the widespread COVID-19 pandemic. Based on publications mainly from 2017 to 2022, this paper presents the occurrence of B[a]P in various environmental compartments and human surroundings, shows the exposure of humans to this substance, and describes the mechanisms of its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska Str. 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (J.M.)
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Zhang S, Liu T, Chen Q, Su M, Bai T, Zhang M, Hu Y, Li J, Chang F. Study on molecular mechanism of benzo (ɑ) pyrene on CMA by HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 83:105372. [PMID: 35487446 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of benzo (α) pyrene (BaP) on chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA) through heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and hypoxia- inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is studied by RNA interference and subcutaneous tumor formation technique in nude mice. METHODS 40 nude mice that were inoculated with the silenced HSP90ɑ A549 cell line under the armpits of the forelimbs were divided into 4 groups, and were intragastrically administered with 1.80 mg/kg/d BaP-corn oil solutionfor for 60d (except the Control group), and the growth curves of nude mice and transplanted tumors were recorded. The size and morphological changes of tumors were observed by small animal imaging technique. qPCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. A549 cells were treated with 0.1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L BaP for 24 h, EPO and HIF-1ɑ concentration and HIF-1ɑ protein expression were detected by Elisa and Western blot; A549 cells were treated with 10 μmol/L BaP and HIF-1ɑ inhibitor for 24 h, qPCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescence method were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. RESULTS The weight of nude mice and transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01); the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein in transplanted tumor tissues silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.05); the total number of bioluminescence photons of transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01). The concentration of EPO and HIF-1ɑ and the expression of HIF-1ɑ protein in A549 cells was increased by 10 μmol/L BaP (P < 0.05); with HIF-1ɑ inhibitors treated, HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein expression and the fluorescence intensity of HSP90ɑ was decreased of A549 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The growth of transplanted tumor in nude mice is promoted by BaP, and is inhibited when HSP90ɑ was silenced. BaP promotes the occurrence of CMA by promoting the expression of HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ, which is vital regulatory genes of BaP activation of CMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Min Su
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tuya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Fuhou Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China.
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Luo Y, Zhang B, Geng N, Sun S, Song X, Chen J, Zhang H. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses provide insights into the difference in toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene and 6-chlorobenzo[a]pyrene to human hepatic cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152242. [PMID: 34919925 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological information of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAHs), as derivatives of PAHs, is still relatively lacking. In this study, a combination of transcriptomics and metabolomics approach was adopted to explore the changes in toxicity to human L02 hepatocytes after chlorination of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) at 6 position. In general, 6-Cl-B[a]P produced a stronger toxicity to human hepatic cells than did parent B[a]P. When exposure concentrations were 5 and 50 nM, 6-Cl-B[a]P caused a weaker transcriptomic perturbation relative to B[a]P, whereas a stronger metabolomic perturbation, a stronger oxidative stress and a stronger inhibition effect on cell viability were caused by 6-Cl-B[a]P than did parent B[a]P. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that 6-Cl-B[a]P produced a more widely perturbation to metabolic pathways than did B[a]P. Although they both significantly impaired the function of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), the exact mechanism is different. B[a]P suppressed the expression of 20 genes regulating mitochondrial ETC mainly via AhR activation. However, 6-Cl-B[a]P produced a stronger inhibition on the activities of complexes I and V than did B[a]P. Meanwhile, 6-Cl-B[a]P also exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on mitochondrial β oxidation of fatty acid. Furthermore, 6-Cl-B[a]P and B[a]P both significantly disturbed the nucleotide metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism in L02 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoqin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyao Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Zheng Y, Li Y, Yue Z, Li Z, Li X, Wang J. Teratogenic effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of phenanthrene on the early development of marine medaka (Oryzia melastigma). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126900. [PMID: 32957295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants in marine environments and have arouse great concern since they pose adverse effects to marine ecosystem. To determine the potential impacts of environmentally relevant PAHs on early life stages of marine fish, this study exposed embryos of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) to 0, 2, 10, 50, and 250 μg/L of phenanthrene (Phe), one of the most abundant PAHs. The results demonstrated that Phe exposure decreased hatching rates, delayed hatching time of embryos, and increased deformity rate of newly-hatched larvae. Exposure to 10 and 50 μg/L Phe decreased the survival rate of marine medaka larvae at 28 days post-fertilization (dpf), and no embryo successfully hatched in 250 μg/L Phe exposure group. Morphology results showed that 10, 50, and 250 μg/L Phe exposure significantly retarded the development of embryos, and 2, 10, and 50 μg/L caused yolk sac edema and pericardial edema in newly-hatched larvae, indicating that low concentrations of Phe could induce developmental cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, the changes in the expression of heart development-related genes were determined, and the results showed that Phe-induced cardiac malformation might be related with fgf8, bmp4, smyd1, ATPase and gata4 genes. Overall, environmentally relevant PAHs could disrupt heart morphogenesis and hatching process of marine medaka, which might have profound consequences for sustainability of fish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zheng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zonghao Yue
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Zuwei Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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