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Shareef YN, Khan MF. Characterization of natural radioactivity and relative dose due to consumption of edible bivalves inhabiting the Cochin Backwater Lagoon, Kerala, southwestern coast of India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116500. [PMID: 38762937 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The study on natural radionuclides in edible bivalves from the Cochin backwater lagoon, Kerala, employing alpha spectrometry, revealed higher concentrations of 210Po and 210Pb compared to 238U and 232Th. The annual committed effective dose (ACED) for the adult coastal population was calculated at a range of 1494.9 to 5783.4 μSv y-1, with 210Po being the predominant contributor, responsible for about 85 % of the dose. This highlighted significant health risks, underscored by a calculated cumulative mortality and morbidity risk range between 5.23 × 10-3 and 2.02 × 10-2. These findings emphasized the need for further research and the development of regulatory measures to mitigate exposure risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Nawaz Shareef
- Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam-632509, Ranipet District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohan Feroz Khan
- Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam-632509, Ranipet District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Duong VH, Trung TC, Pham-Thi TX, Ngoc TN, Santhanabharathi B, Pradhoshini KP, Musthafa MS. Radiological hazard assessment of 210Po in freshwater mussels (Sinanodonta jourdyi) and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14949-14958. [PMID: 38285249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
210Po is a significant source of ionizing radiation that people are exposed to through food globally. This paper presents the wide range of accumulation level of 210Po in the organs of two species of shellfish including freshwater mussel (Sinanodonta jourdyi) and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata), common freshwater species in Vietnam. There was a significant correlation between 210Po activity in muscle to their mass and size of freshwater mussels. In contrast, there was no relation between other organs of both species with their mass and size. The annual effective dose due to consumption of freshwater mussels ranged from 68.7 to 291 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 138 μSv year-1 for muscle and from 321 to 4560 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 1422 μSv year-1 for the hepatopancreas. Meanwhile, the AED for golden apple snail was recorded to be higher with values ranging from 105 to 2189 μSv year-1 with mean value of 673 μSv year-1 for muscle and from 468 to 4155 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 2332 μSv year-1 for hepatopancreas. Thus, the consumption of these two types of shellfish is considered relatively safe, but the hepatopancreas gland must be removed before processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Hao Duong
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Chu Trung
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Xuan Pham-Thi
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Truc Nguyen Ngoc
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India.
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Krishnan SJA, Nishanth P, Venkatraman A, Krishnakumar S, Priyadharshini M, Musthafa MS. Investigating radiation profiles and conducting risk assessment for ecological and environmental components on Vaan and Koswari islands in the Tuticorin group of islands, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:139. [PMID: 38206400 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Natural radioactive concentration assessment was conducted on sediment, water, and biota obtained on Vaan and Koswari islands in the Tuticorin group of islands, Tamil Nadu, India. For biotic and abiotic components, radiation profiles such as gross alpha, beta, primordial radionuclide, polonium, and lead analyses were performed. The gross α and β range from BDL to 15.18 ± 1.7 Bq/kg and 40.43 ± 4.9 Bq/kg to 105.12 ± 11.7 Bq/kg, respectively. Primordial radionuclides were analyzed using Nal(TI)-based scintillator with PC-MCA, and the concentrations ranged from 13.43 ± 3.3 Bq/kg to 30.97 ± 9.6 Bq/kg with a mean of 21.31 ± 2.7 Bq/kg for 238U; for 232Th, the values ranged from 11.09 ± 2.6 Bq/kg to 33.55 ± 9.5 Bq/kg with an average value of 23.89 ± 3.7 Bq/kg; and for 40 K, the values are 93.33 ± 27.3 Bq/kg to 219.91 ± 39.6 Bq/kg with an average value of 148.27 ± 21.7 Bq/kg. The present study values are lesser than the world average values. 210Po and 210Pb concentrations with an average value were determined to be 33.13 Bq/L and 16.56 Bq/L, 47.55 Bq/L and 22.37 Bq/L in the water sample, and 50.437 Bq kg1 and 62.012 Bq kg1, 46.99 Bq/kg and 58.625 Bq/kg in sediments of Vaan island and Koswari island. The concentrations of 210Po and 210Pb of Pogonias cromis were 19.27 ± 1.5 Bq/kg and 8.27 ± 1.01 Bq/kg, Belonidae 28.54 ± 2.4 Bq/kg and 18.32 ± 2.3 Bq/kg, Lepisosteidae 18.68 ± 1.4 Bq/kg and 11.17 ± 1.8 Bq/kg. The committed effective dosage was determined to be 35.74-54.61 µSv/y for 210Po and 25.39-56.25 µSv/y for 210Pb, in which the 210Pb value is lower; however, the 210Po value is higher than the global average value. The annual committed effective dosage as well as the radiological hazard indices were assessed and found to be much below the global average and the recommended limit, respectively. This research provides an extensive analysis of natural background radiation and establishes a baseline report on the radiological profile of biotic and abiotic factors in the Tuticorin group of islands, namely Vaan and Koswari, in Tamil Nadu, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Athul Krishnan
- Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic College, Mariyagiri Kaliyakkavilai, Kanyakumari, 629 153, India
| | - P Nishanth
- Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic College, Mariyagiri Kaliyakkavilai, Kanyakumari, 629 153, India
| | - Atvr Venkatraman
- Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic College, Mariyagiri Kaliyakkavilai, Kanyakumari, 629 153, India
| | - S Krishnakumar
- Department of Geology, Malankara Catholic College, Mariyagiri Kaliyakkavilai, Kanyakumari, 629 153, India
| | - Marckasagayam Priyadharshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India.
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Duong VH, Chu TT, Nguyen TN. Factors Contributing to Accumulation of 210Po in Freshwater Fishes in Dong Thai Lake, Vietnam and Radiological Hazard Assessment. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 85:314-323. [PMID: 37733035 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
210Po (polonium), one of the most toxic naturally occurring radionuclides, is well-known as a common natural radionuclide in fish species. Human consumption of 210Po-contaminated fish could result in a significant internal dose. This study determined by alpha spectrometry the 210Po activity in sixteen selected fish species with different living behaviors (pelagic, demersal), trophic positions (herbivores, carnivores, omnivorous), and masses in Dong Thai Lake, Hanoi, Vietnam. The min, max, and average of the 210Po concentration of sixteen fish species were 0.80 ± 0.44, 12.7 ± 0.20, and 3.54 ± 0.31 Bq kg-1, respectively. Regarding the different living behaviors, trophic positions, and masses, the results showed trending of 210Popelagic > 210Podemersal; 210Poherbivores < 210Pocarnivores < 210Poomnivorous and 210Po<0.2 kg > 210Po0.2-1 kg > 210Po>1 kg, respectively. The 210Po concentrations in muscle tissue were greater in fish species with a small mass, omnivorous trophic position, and pelagic living behavior relative to demersal fish with a larger mass that were herbivores or carnivores. In addition, the results showed an uneven distribution of 210Po activities in atmospheric aerosols, terrestrial soils, surface waters, and lake sediments in the study area. The primary source of 210Po could be supplied from atmospheric aerosols and/or terrestrial soils in the study area. The 210Po annual effective dose for adults due to fish consumption has been calculated with a range from 20 to 400 µSv y-1 and 111 µSv. y-1 on average, and it is far below the allowable limits of 1000 µSv y-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Hao Duong
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trung-Tien Chu
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Nam Nguyen
- VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Shareef YN, Sabu KSP, Khan MF. Radiological dose and associated risk due to 210Po in commercial inter-tidal bivalves of southwest (Arabian Sea) coast of India. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114475. [PMID: 36521365 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentration of 210Po was determined in edible tissues of commercial bivalves on the southwest coast of India. The 210Po activity ranged from 38.3 ± 6.9 Bq kg-1 to 91.2 ± 18.6 Bq kg-1. The annual committed effective dose (ACED) and lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) were calculated for different age groups to determine the potential health risk associated with bivalve consumption. The average ACED ranged from 81.5 to 194.1 μSv y-1, with the 10th and 95th percentiles being 68 and 261 μSv y-1, respectively. Lifelong mortality risk (LMTR) values ranged from 1.2 × 10-3 to 2.9 × 10-3, while lifetime morbidity risk (LMBR) values ranged from 1.9 × 10-6 to 4.9 × 10-6. The effective dose was found to be within the UNSCEAR limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Nawaz Shareef
- Radioecology Laboratory, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore), Hakeem Nagar, Melvisharam, 632509 Ranipet District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karunakaran Sreekumar Praveen Sabu
- Radioecology Laboratory, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore), Hakeem Nagar, Melvisharam, 632509 Ranipet District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohan Feroz Khan
- Radioecology Laboratory, Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore), Hakeem Nagar, Melvisharam, 632509 Ranipet District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Lin J, Ni J, Ji J, Huang D, Zhong Q, Yu T. 210Po and 210Pb in tissues of fish from the southern coast of China and the contribution of 210Po to the radiation dose. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Huang WH, Huang CM, Chen TC, Liu YY, Lin CC, Yeh YL. Soil to tobacco component transfer factors for natural radionuclides 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th and the risk assessment of tobacco leaf in smoking. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:737-745. [PMID: 35899392 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2105630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the activity concentrations and corresponding transfer factors (TF) of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th in three tobacco components (root, stem, and leaf). The radiation hazard index parameters were assessed for the tobacco leaf. The activity concentrations in the soil were 589-762, 32-43, and 49-59 Bq kg-dw-1 (dry weight) for 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively. The average activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th were 447, 5.41 and 5.69 Bq/kg-dw for the root, 670, 9.64 and 7.61 Bq kg-dw-1 for the stem, and 793, 6.79 and 6.15 Bq kg-dw-1 for the leaf, respectively. The TF values were 0.42-1.42, 0.10-0.49 and 0.06-0.23 for 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively. The stem and leaf 40K TF values were significantly higher than the root values. The stem 226Ra TF values were significantly higher than the root values. The 226Ra and 232Th activity concentrations and TFs of tobacco components had a significant positive correlation. Based on the activity concentrations of the tobacco leaves, the annual inhalation effective dose to the lungs for an adult smoker was 0.32-0.81 mSv y-1 (average 0.60 mSv y-1). The Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) caused by smoking was an average of 2.39 × 10-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lung Yeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Duong VH, Chu TT, Nguyen TN, Le CD, Pham LT, Duong DT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen QT, Yaseen M, Musthafa MS. Gross beta and alpha activities in the selected commercial freshwater fish species in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26002-26010. [PMID: 35247172 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The baseline data of radioactivity levels in food is one of the main factors for the assessment of resident's health risk. Gross beta and alpha activity was identified for selected commercial freshwater fish species, including 29 types of fish species by a gas-flow proportional detector. The samples were collected from wholesale markets in Hanoi city, Vietnam. The highest gross alpha activity was recorded in blotched snakehead, a pelagic and carnivorous species, and the lowest one was recorded in common carp, a demersal and omnivorous species. Meanwhile, the gross beta activity was much higher than the gross alpha activity with the highest value of gross beta, observed in Wels catfish, a demersal and carnivorous species, and the lowest one found in Mudskipper a demersal, herbivores species. Regarding feeding types, the gross alpha activity was observed in the order of Alcarnivores > Alomnivores > Alherbivores whereas the gross beta was non-distinction. In terms of living behavior, the gross alpha activity in pelagic species was much higher than that in demersal species (Alpelagic > > Aldemersal) and indifferent for gross beta. There was an insignificant relationship between the trophic level with gross beta and alpha activities in freshwater fish species. The calculated annual effective dose ranged from 0.19 to 1.88 and 0.78 mSv.y-1 on average, being within the limited dose for the public as reported by UNSCEAR in which gross beta activity has a strong correlation with the total annual effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Hao Duong
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology (HUMG), Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Tien-Trung Chu
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology (HUMG), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Nam Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cuong Dinh Le
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Vinatom, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Luan Thanh Pham
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc-Thang Duong
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Vinatom, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huyen-Trang Nguyen
- Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Vinatom, 179 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quan Tien Nguyen
- Faculty of Physics, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Bac Ninh General Hospital, 10, Nguyen Quyen Street, Vo Cuong ward, Bac Ninh province, Vietnam
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Department of Geology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, 600 014, Tamilnadu, India.
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Duong VH, Nguyen TD, Nguyen TN, Nguyen TD, Pham TD, Luu VD, Tran DQ, Vo VT, Pham TL, Musthafa S, Nguyen DM, Nguyen VD, Bui VL. Distribution of 210Po in body organs of bigeye scad and greater lizardfish species at Binh Thuan, Vietnam. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nguyen TN, Nguyen TD, Duong VH, Nguyen TT. Distribution and annual committed effective dose assessment of 210Po in popular marine species at the near-shore Binh Thuan province, Vietnam. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112073. [PMID: 33549996 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
210Po concentration in thirty popular marine species (twenty five fishes, four bivalves and one crab) with different habitats, feeding types, and trophic levels at the near-shore Binh Thuan, Vietnam was analyzed using the alpha detectors. The 210Po activities were widely ranged from 3.07 ± 0.18 in a fish species (Bumpnose trevally) to 78.6 ± 5.3 Bq/kg w.w in a bivalve species (Green mussel) with the average value of 16.6 Bq/kg w.w. The results showed that the species with lower trophic level value have higher 210Po concentration. Regarding the feeding types, the 210Po concentration in the omnivorous species is about 2.9 times higher than in the carnivorous species. The species living in demersal zone accumulated a high 210Po in comparison with species living in reef-associated and pelagic-neritic zones. The calculated annual committed effective dose from 210Po due to the ingestion of seafood from demersal zone and bivalve species of the area was significant high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Nam Nguyen
- Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam; Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE), University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam.
| | | | - Van-Hao Duong
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology (HUMG), Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam.
| | - Tai-Tue Nguyen
- Key Laboratory of Geoenvironment and Climate Change Response, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Geology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam.
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Van Duong H, Thanh Nguyen D, Peka A, Tóth-Bodrogi E, Kovács T. 210PO IN SOIL AND TOBACCO LEAVES IN QUANG XUONG, VIETNAM AND ESTIMATION OF ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE TO SMOKERS. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 192:106-112. [PMID: 33230527 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
210Po is the main radiotoxic chemical in tobacco smoke and one of the primary causes of lung cancer. Investigating 210Po concentration in tobacco is important in estimating the annual effective dose (AED) due to smoking. In this study, the 210Po concentrations in tobacco leaves and soil in Quang Xuong, Vietnam were measured using a high-resolution passivated and implanted planar silicon detector. Based on these data the AEDs to smokers were estimated. The 210Po activity concentration in tobacco varied significantly from 28.7 to 254.0 mBq g-1, whereas its variation in soil was insignificant. The AED due to smoking fresh tobacco leaves in Vietnam (average 565 μSv y-1) was significantly higher than the values reported for other countries (36-361 μSv y-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Van Duong
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Anita Peka
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprem 8200, Hungary
| | - Edit Tóth-Bodrogi
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprem 8200, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology, University of Pannonia, Veszprem 8200, Hungary
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The assessment of the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides from drinking water consumption: calculation methods. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the present paper the different ways of assessing the annual effective dose due to ingestion of radionuclides by drinking water consumption were examined and exemplified. On a set of 10 samples the gross alpha activity, the gross beta activity, the concentration of 210Po, 210Pb, 238U, 232Th and, 226Ra were measured. The highest annual effective dose values assessed by relying on the investigated sample set were found by using the rationale according to which all the gross alpha and beta activity is due to the alpha and beta radionuclide, with the highest effective dose coefficient, namely 210Po and 210Pb/228Ra, respectively.
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