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Pradhoshini KP, Santhanabharathi B, Priyadharshini M, Ahmed MS, Murugan K, Sivaperumal P, Alam L, Duong VH, Musthafa MS. Microbial consortium and impact of industrial mining on the Natural High Background Radiation Area (NHBRA), India - Characteristic role of primordial radionuclides in influencing the community structure and extremophiles pattern. Environ Res 2024; 244:118000. [PMID: 38128601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation is the first of its kind which aims to study the characteristics of microbial consortium inhabiting one of the natural high background radiation areas of the world, Chavara Coast in Kerala, India. The composition of the microbial community and their structural changes were evaluated under the natural circumstances with exorbitant presence of radionuclides in the sediments and after the radionuclide's recession due to mining effects. For this purpose, the concentration of radionuclides, heavy metals, net radioactivity estimation via gross alpha and beta emitters and other physiochemical characteristics were assessed in the sediments throughout the estuarine stretch. According to the results, the radionuclides had a significant effect in shaping the community structure and composition, as confirmed by the bacterial heterogeneity achieved between the samples. The results indicate that high radioactivity in the background environment reduced the abundance and growth of normal microbial fauna and favoured only the growth of certain extremophiles belonging to families of Piscirickettsiacea, Rhodobacteriacea and Thermodesulfovibrionaceae, which were able to tolerate and adapt towards the ionizing radiation present in the environment. In contrast, communities from Comamondacea, Sphingomonadacea, Moraxellacea and Erythrobacteracea were present in the sediments collected from industrial outlet, reinforcing the potent role of radionuclides in governing the community pattern of microbes present in the natural environment. The study confirms the presence of these novel and unidentified bacterial communities and further opens the possibility of utilizing their usefulness in future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Marckasagayam Priyadharshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Munawar Suhail Ahmed
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Karuvelan Murugan
- Department of Microbiology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Sciences (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600117, India
| | - Pitchiah Sivaperumal
- Marine Biomedical Research Lab & Environmental Toxicology Unit, Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600077, India
| | - Lubna Alam
- Fisheries Economics Research Unit, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Van-Hao Duong
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Duong VH, Trung TC, Pham-Thi TX, Ngoc TN, Santhanabharathi B, Pradhoshini KP, Musthafa MS. Radiological hazard assessment of 210Po in freshwater mussels (Sinanodonta jourdyi) and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata) in Vietnam. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:14949-14958. [PMID: 38285249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
210Po is a significant source of ionizing radiation that people are exposed to through food globally. This paper presents the wide range of accumulation level of 210Po in the organs of two species of shellfish including freshwater mussel (Sinanodonta jourdyi) and golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata), common freshwater species in Vietnam. There was a significant correlation between 210Po activity in muscle to their mass and size of freshwater mussels. In contrast, there was no relation between other organs of both species with their mass and size. The annual effective dose due to consumption of freshwater mussels ranged from 68.7 to 291 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 138 μSv year-1 for muscle and from 321 to 4560 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 1422 μSv year-1 for the hepatopancreas. Meanwhile, the AED for golden apple snail was recorded to be higher with values ranging from 105 to 2189 μSv year-1 with mean value of 673 μSv year-1 for muscle and from 468 to 4155 μSv year-1 with a mean value of 2332 μSv year-1 for hepatopancreas. Thus, the consumption of these two types of shellfish is considered relatively safe, but the hepatopancreas gland must be removed before processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Hao Duong
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Chu Trung
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Xuan Pham-Thi
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Truc Nguyen Ngoc
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India.
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Priyadharshini M, Ahmed MS, Pradhoshini KP, Santhanabharathi B, Ahmed MFS, Alam L, Rahman IMM, Duong VH, Musthafa MS. Human health risk assessment due to consumption of dried fish in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India: a baseline report. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27339-w. [PMID: 37171725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study sought to determine the levels of radioactivity and heavy metal contamination in 22 dried fish samples collected in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The study found that there were substantial heavy metals concentrations for Pb, Mn, Cr, Co, and Cd. The concentration of heavy metal Pb being alarmingly high (32.85 to 42.09 mg/kg), followed by Cd (2.18 mg/kg to 3.51 mg/kg) than the permissible limit of WHO (2.17 mg/kg) for Pb and (0.05 mg/kg) for Cd. In terms of radioactivity, the gross alpha activity in the dried fish samples ranged 6.25 ± 0.12 to 48.21 ± 0.11 Bg/kg with an average of 20.35 Bg/kg and with a gross beta activity from 6.48 ± 0.02 to 479.47 ± 0.65 Bg/kg, for an average of 136.83 Bg/kg. The study found that the internal radiation dose that people receive upon consuming the fish species Sphyraena obtusata, Rachycentron canadum, Lepidocephalichthys thermalis, Synodontidae, Carangoides malabaricus, Sardina pilchardus, Scomberomorus commerson, Sillago sihama, Gerres subfasciatus, and Amblypharyngodon mola is above the ICRP-recommended limit of less than 1 mSv/year. Annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) and total excessive lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) ranged 0.488 µSv year-1 and 0.004 µSv year-1 respectively, the values of AGDE being higher than the global average value. The findings of the study indicate that the analyzed dried fish samples are contaminated with Pb and Cd, which shall pose cancer risk to the consumers as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marckasagayam Priyadharshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Munawar Suhail Ahmed
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Mohammed Fazal Shakeel Ahmed
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Lubna Alam
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ismail M M Rahman
- Institute of Environmental Radioactivity, Fukushima University, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima City, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Van-Hao Duong
- VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India.
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Pradhoshini KP, Priyadharshini M, Santhanabharathi B, Ahmed MS, Parveen MHS, War MUD, Musthafa MS, Alam L, Falco F, Faggio C. Biological effects of ionizing radiation on aquatic biota - A critical review. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 99:104091. [PMID: 36870406 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation from radionuclides impacts marine aquatic biota and the scope of investigation must be wider than just invertebrates. We intend to detail and illustrate numerous biological effects that occur in both aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates, at various dose rates from all three kinds of ionizing radiation. The characteristics of radiation sources and dosages that would most effectively generate the intended effects in the irradiated organism were assessed once the biological differentiation between vertebrates and invertebrates was determined through multiple lines of evidence. We contend that invertebrates are still more radiosensitive than vertebrates, due to their small genome size, rapid reproduction rates and lifestyle, which help them to compensate for the effects of radiation induced declines in fecundity, life span and individual health. We also identified various research gaps in this field and suggest future directions to be investigated to remedy the lack of data available in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marckasagayam Priyadharshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Munawar Suhail Ahmed
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamat Hanifa Shafeeka Parveen
- Unit of Aquatic biology and Aquaculture (UABA), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mehraj Ud Din War
- Unit of Aquatic biology and Aquaculture (UABA), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai 600 014, Tamilnadu, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Lubna Alam
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Franscesca Falco
- National Research Council, Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Muthukumaravel K, Kanagavalli V, Pradhoshini KP, Vasanthi N, Santhanabharathi B, Alam L, Musthafa MS, Faggio C. Potential biomarker of phenol toxicity in freshwater fish C. mrigala: Serum cortisol, enzyme acetylcholine esterase and survival organ gill. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 263:109492. [PMID: 36283648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this modern industrialized era of large-scale production of agrochemicals, various emerging contaminants form the main components of waste water and sludge in most of the developing countries of the world. In this concern, phenol- an inevitable and alarming chemical pollutant in aquatic ecosystem, gains a speedy access into the water bodies as an industrial by-product. Though the detrimental effects of phenol have been studied in various aspects of aquatic life, current study is an initiative to unravel the toxic effects of phenol at molecular level in Cirrhinus mrigala. Plasma cortisol level and acetylcholine esterase activity in fish was estimated by Chemiluminescent immunoassay technique and Ellman assay respectively. Scanning electron microscopic studies were carried out to unravel the gill histopathological alterations in exposed fish. It was observed that phenol (22.32 mg/l) inhibits 50 % of acetylcholine esterase activity in brain thereby affecting the locomotion of the targeted carp. Cortisol elevated during the 7th day in exposed fish, but declined progressively on the forthcoming 21st and 28th days. Manifestations in gill encompass curling, fusion, aberrations, sloughing of gill epithelium, wider inter filamentary space and mucus coating in the primary gill filament. It concludes that the discernable deviations produced in both biochemical parameters and key organ gill can be used as a biomarker and bio-indicator respectively for assessing the existence of emerging toxicants in aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannayiram Muthukumaravel
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu 614 701, India
| | | | - Kumara Perumal Pradhoshini
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 014, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Natarajan Vasanthi
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu 614 701, India
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 014, India
| | - Lubna Alam
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 014, India; Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Research Centre for Sustainability Science and Governance (SGK), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31 98166 S.Agata-Messina, Italy.
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Muthukumaravel K, Vasanthi N, Stalin A, Alam L, Santhanabharathi B, Musthafa MS. Sublethal effects of phenol on histology of selected organs of freshwater fish Mystus vittatus. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:13752-13760. [PMID: 33191468 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute toxicity (96 h LC50) of phenol was analyzed in the cat fish Mystus vittatus in static bio-assay over a 96-h exposure period using probit method. The 24, 48, 72, and 96 h LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of phenol for fingerling catfish were found out as 13.98, 13.17, 12.62, and 12.21 mg/l respectively. Investigations pertaining to the histopathological sections have shown high degree of pathological lesions observed in various parts like gill, liver intestine, and kidney of the fish species. Analysis of gill section revealed observable changes in the experimental species such as fusion, malformation at the tip of secondary lamellae, vacuolation, hyperplasia, and epithelial damage. Exposure of phenol showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, tissue damage, and loss of hepatic cell wall in the liver of experimental organism. Lesions of tissue damage at the epithelial site, inflammation, and clumping of adjacent villi made of columnar epithelium have been observed in the intestine of fish, and also the excretory part of the fish kidney revealed various changes like glomerular atrophy, damage of Bowman's capsule, vacuolization, and degeneration of renal epithelium. The current study on histological changes observed in the experimental organisms has thrown light on the current scenario which poses threat and danger to the whole aquatic ecosystem, and this study plays a vital role in assessing the aquatic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannayiram Muthukumaravel
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Bharathidasan University, Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu, 614 701, India
| | - Natarajan Vasanthi
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Bharathidasan University, Adirampattinam, Tamil Nadu, 614 701, India
| | - Arumugam Stalin
- P.G. and Research Department of Zoology, National College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620001, India
| | - Lubna Alam
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bharathi Santhanabharathi
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), P.G & Research Department of Zoology, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 014, India.
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