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Ng HJ, Goh KM, Yahya A, Abdul-Wahab MF. Microbial community dynamics and functional potentials in the conversion of oil palm wastes into biomethane. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:91. [PMID: 38419684 PMCID: PMC10897112 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oil palm processing generates substantial waste materials rich in organic content, posing various environmental challenges. Anaerobic digestion (AD), particularly for palm oil mill effluent (POME), offers a sustainable solution, by converting waste into valuable biomethane for thermal energy or electricity generation. The synergistic activities of the AD microbiota directly affect the biomethane production, and the microbial community involved in biomethane production in POME anaerobic digestion has been reported. The composition of bacterial and archaeal communities varies under different substrate and physicochemical conditions. This review discusses the characteristics of POME, explores the microbial members engaged in each stage of AD, and elucidates the impacts of substrate and physicochemical conditions on the microbial community dynamics, with a specific focus on POME. Finally, the review outlines current research needs and provides future perspectives on optimizing the microbial communities for enhanced biomethane production from oil palm wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jing Ng
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Kian Mau Goh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Adibah Yahya
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Firdaus Abdul-Wahab
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biosciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Taiwan-Malaysia Innovation Centre for Clean Water and Sustainable Energy (WISE Centre), 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Abioye KJ, Harun NY, Sufian S, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Hassan MA, Jagaba AH, Sikiru S, Ubaidullah M, Pandit B, Dhaliwal N. Regulation of ash slagging behavior of palm oil decanter cake by alum sludge addition. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138452. [PMID: 36965529 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Combustion of palm oil decanter cake (PODC) is a propitious alternative waste to energy means. However, the mono-combustion of PODC prompt severe ash slagging behavior which give rise to reduction in heat transfer and also shorten the lifespan of combustion reactors. In this study, alum sludge (AS) was introduced at different proportion of 30%, 50% and 70% to revamp the slagging characteristics of PODC during combustion. The addition of AS improved ash fusion temperature of PODC during co-combustion as ash fusion temperature increased significantly under high AS dosage. Slagging and fouling indices showed that at 50% AS addition, slagging tendency of the co-combustion ashes can be ignored. The predictive model for PODC-AS combustion showed good correlation coefficient with 0.89. Overall, co-combustion of PODC and AS is an ideal ash related problem-solving route. The proposed PODC slagging preventive method by AS was based on: (1) limited amount of aluminum content in PODC-AS system resulted in development of refractory ash (2) reduction in proportion of basic oxide which act as ash bonding glue played important role in the regulation of slagging (3) reduction of cohesive bond by formation of spongy and porous structure which prevented ash slagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunmi Joshua Abioye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Noorfidza Yub Harun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Suriati Sufian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, 32610, Malaysia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India; Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muzamil Abdalla Hassan
- HICoE-Centre of Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute for Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Surajudeen Sikiru
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ubaidullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bidhan Pandit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Navdeep Dhaliwal
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Oliveira Vieira V, Almeida Conceição A, Raisa Barbosa Cunha J, Enis Virginio Machado A, Gonzaga de Almeida E, Souza Dias E, Magalhães Alcantara L, Neil Gerard Miller R, Gonçalves de Siqueira F. A new circular economy approach for integrated production of tomatoes and mushrooms. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2756-2765. [PMID: 35531202 PMCID: PMC9073006 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spent mushroom Substrate is the by-product generated at the end of the mushroom growing cycle. It can be used in agriculture for different purposes, including seedling production, soil conditioning or application as an organic fertilizer. Tomato is one of the world́s most important crops, requiring considerable care, in terms of both nutrition and disease control. The objective of this study was to investigate the viability of spent mushroom substrate as a nutrient source for tomato seedlings and develop an integrated tomato and mushroom co-production system. For seedling production, different compositions were evaluated with spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus ostreatus or substrate colonized with Agaricus bisporus. The parameters evaluated comprised germination rate, seedling quality and physicochemical analysis. A tomato and mushroom integrated production system was developed using a 40-liter pot divided into upper (spent mushroom substrate and soil), middle (spent mushroom substrate from P. ostreatus) and lower (gravel) layers. For seedlings production, plants treated with the substrate colonized with A. bisporus presented a superior root length (10.1 cm) and aerial part length (6.6 cm). Co-production of tomato and mushrooms was also shown to be viable. In this co-cultivation system between tomato and mushroom, the treatment with the substrate colonized with A. bisporus differed from others, with this treatment presenting high yields of tomato (2.35 kg/plant pot) and mushrooms (1.33 kg/plant pot) within the same bucket. With this co-production system, the tomato production time was reduced by 60 days and prolonged continuous mushroom production by 120 days. These findings show a sustainable approach to manage different agroindustrial residues, encouraging the use of these residues for olericulture and fungiculture production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandinelma Oliveira Vieira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Biotechnology and Biodiversity of the Pro Centro Oeste Network, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Aparecido Almeida Conceição
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Biotechnology and Biodiversity of the Pro Centro Oeste Network, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Euziclei Gonzaga de Almeida
- Federal University of Mato Grosso, Institute of Biosciences, Department of Botany and Ecology, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eustáquio Souza Dias
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Biology, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Ong ES, Rabbani AH, Habashy MM, Abdeldayem OM, Al-Sakkari EG, Rene ER. Palm oil industrial wastes as a promising feedstock for biohydrogen production: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118160. [PMID: 34562690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By the year 2050, it is estimated that the demand for palm oil is expected to reach an enormous amount of 240 Mt. With a huge demand in the future for palm oil, it is expected that oil palm by-products will rise with the increasing demand. This represents a golden opportunity for sustainable biohydrogen production using oil palm biomass and palm oil mill effluent (POME) as the renewable feedstock. Among the different biological methods for biohydrogen production, dark fermentation and photo-fermentation have been widely studied for their potential to produce biohydrogen by using various waste materials as feedstock, including POME and oil palm biomass. However, the complex structure of oil palm biomass and POME, such as the lignocellulosic composition, limits fermentable substrate available for conversion to biohydrogen. Therefore, proper pre-treatment and suitable process conditions are crucial for effective biohydrogen generation from these feedstocks. In this review, the characteristics of palm oil industrial waste, the process used for biohydrogen production using palm oil industrial waste, their pros and cons, and the influence of various factors have been discussed, as well as a comparison between studies in terms of types of reactors, pre-treatment strategies, the microbial culture used, and optimum operating condition have been presented. Through biological production, hydrogen production rates up to 52 L-H2/L-medium/h and 6 L-H2/L-medium/h for solid and liquid palm oil industrial waste, respectively, can be achieved. In short, the continuous supply of palm oil production by-product and relatively, the low cost of the biological method for hydrogen production indicates the potential source of renewable energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Shen Ong
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Alija Haydar Rabbani
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud M Habashy
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Omar M Abdeldayem
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
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Combustion Efficiency in a Fluidized-Bed Combustor with a Modified Perforated Plate for Air Distribution. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Combustion efficiency is one of the most important parameters especially in the fluidized-bed combustor. Investigations into the efficiency of combustion in fluidized-bed combustor fuels using solid biomass waste fuels in recent years are increasingly in demand by researchers around the world. Specifically, this study aims to calculate the combustion efficiency in the fluidized-bed combustor. Combustion efficiency is calculated based on combustion results from the modification of hollow plates in the fluidized-bed combustor. The modified hollow plate aims to control combustion so that the fuel incorporated can burn out and not saturate. The combustion experiments were tested using palm oil biomass solid waste fuels such as palm kernel shell, oil palm midrib, and empty fruit bunches. The results of the measurements showed that the maximum combustion temperature for the palm kernel shell fuel reached 863 °C for M1 and 887 °C for M2. The maximum combustion temperature measurements for M1 and M2 from the oil palm midrib fuel testing reached 898 °C and 858 °C, respectively, while the maximum combustion temperature for M1 and M2 from the empty fruit bunches fuel was 667 °C and M2 847 °C, respectively. The rate of combustion efficiency with the modification of the hole plate in the fluidized-bed combustor reached 96.2%. Thermal efficiency in fluidized-bed combustors for oil palm midrib was 72.62%, for PKS was 70.03%, and for empty fruit bunches was 52.43%. The highest heat transfer rates for the oil palm midrib fuel reached 7792.36 W/m2, palm kernel shell 7167.38 W/m2, and empty fruit bunches 5127.83 W/m2. Thus, the modification of the holed plate in the fluidized-bed combustor chamber showed better performance of the plate than without modification.
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Jegatheesan V, Shu L, Rene ER, Lin TF. Challenges in environmental science/engineering and innovations in pollution prevention and resource recovery for a sustainable future. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130148. [PMID: 33730608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Shu
- LJS Environment, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611, AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Tsair-Fuh Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Gani A, Wattimena Y, Erdiwansyah, Mahidin, Muhibbuddin, Riza M. Simultaneous sulfur dioxide and mercury removal during low-rank coal combustion by natural zeolite. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07052. [PMID: 34036205 PMCID: PMC8138605 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and trace metal such as mercury emission during combustion of low-rank coal cause a significant impact on the environment and health. Flue gas at coal-fired power stations is one of the main sources for the emissions of SO2 and mercury metal. Low-cost and sustainable technologies for the removal of SO2 and mercury from flue gas have become increasingly important nowadays. This paper presents the study of simultaneous removal of SO2 and mercury over natural zeolite as an adsorbent in briquette and pulverized. The research is focused on evaluating adsorbent to coal optimum ratio towards adsorption performance on SO2 and mercury removal. The experiments on the removal of SO2 and mercury were carried out using horizontal electric furnace with different combustion temperature and adsorbent ratio. SO2 in the flue gas as the result of the combustion process which exits from the outlet was analyzed using Gas Combustion and Emission Analyzer (E4400, E-Instrument). Mercury metal residues in the bottom ash were analyzed using NIC Mercury SP Analyzer. An increasing zeolite adsorbent SO2 content in flue gas decreased. The optimum SO2 removal was determined on 4% zeolite adsorbent ratio. It also has been found that 8% natural zeolite ratio to low-rank coal show optimum condition to adsorb mercury for all temperature condition for both briquette and pulverized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asri Gani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yuanda Wattimena
- PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda, Jl. Banda Aceh-Medan, Aceh Utara, 24352, Indonesia
| | - Erdiwansyah
- Doctoral Program, School of Engineering, Post Graduate Program, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.,Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23245, Indonesia
| | - Mahidin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Muhibbuddin
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Medyan Riza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
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