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Lin W, Chen R, Gong C, Desmond P, He X, Nan J, Li G, Ma J, Ding A, Ngo HH. Sustained oxidation of Tea-Fe(III)/H 2O 2 simultaneously achieves sludge reduction and carbamazepine removal: The crucial role of EPS regulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134182. [PMID: 38583202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Establishing an economic and sustained Fenton oxidation system to enhance sludge dewaterability and carbamazepine (CBZ) removal rate is a crucial path to simultaneously achieve sludge reduction and harmless. Leveraging the principles akin to "tea making", we harnessed tea waste to continually release tea polyphenols (TP), thus effectively maintaining high level of oxidation efficiency through the sustained Fenton reaction. The results illustrated that the incorporation of tea waste yielded more favorable outcomes in terms of water content reduction and CBZ removal compared to direct TP addition within the Fe(III)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system. Concomitantly, this process mainly generated hydroxyl radical (•OH) via three oxidation pathways, effectively altering the properties of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and promoting the degradation of CBZ from the sludge mixture. The interval addition of Fe(III) and H2O2 heightened extracellular oxidation efficacy, promoting the desorption and removal of CBZ. The degradation of EPS prompted the transformation of bound water to free water, while the formation of larger channels drove the discharge of water. This work achieved the concept of treating waste with waste through using tea waste to treat sludge, meanwhile, can provide ideas for subsequent sludge harmless disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Renglu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Chuangxin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Peter Desmond
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Sustainability Division, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Xu He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090, Harbin, P.R. China.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Lu J, Liu J, Li X, Zhang Z, Wang S, Pang H. Sewer sediment adhesion degeneration and gelatinous biopolymer deconstruction by structural cation chelation and alkaline macromolecule hydrolysis for improving hydraulic erosion. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 356:141902. [PMID: 38582158 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Sediment siltation has been regarded as the serious challenge in sewer system, which dominantly root in the gelatinous extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) structure and cohesive ability. Considering the crucial roles of divalent cation bridging and macromolecular biopolymer winding in sediment EPS formation and adhesive behavior, an innovative combination strategy of sodium pyrophosphate (SP)-mediated divalent cation chelation and alkaline biopolymer hydrolysis was developed to degenerate sediment adhesion. At the SP dosage of 0.25 g/g TS and the alkaline pH 12, the SP + pH 12 treatment triggered structural transformation of aromatic proteins (α-helix to β-turn) and functional group shifts of macromolecular biopolymers. In this case, the deconstruction and outward dissolution of gelatinous biopolymers were achievable, including proteins (tyrosine-like proteins, tryptophan-like proteins), humic acids, fulvic acids, polysaccharides and various soluble microbial products. These were identified as the major driving forces for sediment EPS matrix disintegration and bio-aggregation deflocculation. The extraction EPS content was obviously increased by 18.88 mg COD/g TS. The sediment adhesion was sensitive to EPS matrix damage and gelatinous biopolymer deconstruction, leading to considerable average adhesion degeneration to 0.98 nN with reduction rate of 78.32%. As such, the sediments could be disrupted into dispersive fragments with increased surface electronegativity and electric repulsion (up to -45.6 mV), thereby the sediment resistance to hydraulic erosion was impaired, providing feasibility for in-situ sediment floating and removal by gravity sewage flow in sewer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsuo Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Jinxuan Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Xingwang Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Sheping Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Xi 'an Municipal Design and Research Institute Co., LTD, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Heliang Pang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Wei M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Li X, Zheng X. Employing Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for Microscale Investigation of Interfaces and Interactions in Membrane Fouling Processes: New Perspectives and Prospects. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:35. [PMID: 38392662 PMCID: PMC10890076 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Membrane fouling presents a significant challenge in the treatment of wastewater. Several detection methods have been used to interpret membrane fouling processes. Compared with other analysis and detection methods, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used because of its advantages in liquid-phase in situ 3D imaging, ability to measure interactive forces, and mild testing conditions. Although AFM has been widely used in the study of membrane fouling, the current literature has not fully explored its potential. This review aims to uncover and provide a new perspective on the application of AFM technology in future studies on membrane fouling. Initially, a rigorous review was conducted on the morphology, roughness, and interaction forces of AFM in situ characterization of membranes and foulants. Then, the application of AFM in the process of changing membrane fouling factors was reviewed based on its in situ measurement capability, and it was found that changes in ionic conditions, pH, voltage, and even time can cause changes in membrane fouling morphology and forces. Existing membrane fouling models are then discussed, and the role of AFM in predicting and testing these models is presented. Finally, the potential of the improved AFM techniques to be applied in the field of membrane fouling has been underestimated. In this paper, we have fully elucidated the potentials of the improved AFM techniques to be applied in the process of membrane fouling, and we have presented the current challenges and the directions for the future development in an attempt to provide new insights into this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yaozhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
- Yulin Coal Chemical Waste Resource Utilization and Low Carbon Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Research Center, Yulin High-tech Zone Yuheng No. 1 Industrial Sewage Treatment Co., Ltd., Yulin 719000, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in North West Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
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Pang H, Li X, Qin Q, Wei Q, Zhang Y, Xu D, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Lu J. In-situ sewer sediment self-cleaning by plant ash-driven hydrolysis: Impairing adhesion and hydraulic erosion resistance from gelatinous biopolymer molecule deconstruction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168276. [PMID: 37923257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The gelatinous structure and adhesion of sediments induced strong hydraulic erosion resistance and bottom siltation, which brought about serious challenges in sewer management. The in-situ sediment self-cleaning technology with low energy and labor consumption has become urgent demand. This study proposed an innovative plant ash-triggered molecule hydrolysis strategy for driving sewer sediment self-cleaning. Plant ash treatment at the optimal dosage of 0.10 g/g SS promoted molecular deconstruction and dissolution of aromatic proteins (tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like proteins), humic acids (fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances) and carbohydrates with secondary structure deflocculation (α-helix to β-turn), meanwhile numerous microbial cells were lysed, contributing to linkage breakage in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). The gelatinous EPS disruption and outward migration with cohesion reduction were achievable. Sediment adhesion was vulnerable to EPS structural damage, which was degenerated by 91.14 %. Correspondingly, the sediment matrix structure was observably disintegrated into dispersive and small fragments, with increased surface electronegativity and eliminated adhesive bio-agglomeration. Thereby, the sensitivity of sediments to hydraulic erosion was greatly improved. In this case, substantial organic and inorganic sediment particles were solubilized and downstream transported by gravity sewage flow. Such plant ash-triggered hydrolysis provided a sustainable strategy for sediment self-cleaning in "waste control by waste" pattern, which improved sediment floating by 7.25-9.57 times. Considerable economic benefits of 35.56-123.46 CNY/(sewer meter length) were obtained compared with traditional mechanical flushing approaches. The findings might provide theoretical and engineering inspirations for solving sewer sediment issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heliang Pang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xingwang Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Qiwen Qin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Qiao Wei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Dong Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jinsuo Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an 710055, China.
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Eskhan A, AlQasas N, Johnson D. Interaction Mechanisms and Predictions of the Biofouling of Polymer Films: A Combined Atomic Force Microscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6592-6612. [PMID: 37104647 PMCID: PMC10173465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling of polymeric membranes is a severe problem in water desalination and treatment applications. A fundamental understanding of biofouling mechanisms is necessary to control biofouling and develop more efficient mitigation strategies. To shed light on the type of forces that govern the interactions between biofoulants and membranes, biofoulant-coated colloidal AFM probes were employed to investigate the biofouling mechanisms of two model biofoulants, BSA and HA, toward an array of polymer films commonly used in membrane synthesis, which included CA, PVC, PVDF, and PS. These experiments were combined with quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements. The Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) and the extended-DLVO (XDLVO) theoretical models were applied to decouple the overall adhesion interactions between the biofoulants and the polymer films into their component interactions, i.e., electrostatic (El), Lifshitz-van der Waals (LW), and Lewis acid-base (AB) interactions. The XDLVO model was found to predict better the AFM colloidal probe adhesion data and the QCM-D adsorption behavior of BSA onto the polymer films than the DLVO model. The ranking of the polymer films' adhesion strengths and adsorption quantities was inversely proportional to their γ- values. Higher normalized adhesion forces were quantified for the BSA-coated colloidal probes with the polymer films than the HA-coated colloidal probes. Similarly, in QCM-D measurements, BSA was found to cause larger adsorption mass shifts, faster adsorption rates, and more condensed fouling layers than HA. A linear correlation (R2 = 0.96) was obtained between the adsorption standard free energy changes (ΔGads°) estimated for BSA from the equilibrium QCM-D adsorption experiments and the AFM normalized adhesion energies (WAFM/R) estimated for BSA from the AFM colloidal probe measurements. Eventually, an indirect approach was presented to calculate the surface energy components of biofoulants characterized by high porosities from Hansen dissolution tests to perform the DLVO/XDLVO analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Eskhan
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), 129188 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Neveen AlQasas
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), 129188 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Daniel Johnson
- NYUAD Water Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), 129188 Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, 129188 Abu Dhabi, UAE
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6
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Eskhan A, Johnson D. Microscale characterization of abiotic surfaces and prediction of their biofouling/anti-biofouling potential using the AFM colloidal probe technique. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Zhao Y, Zhu S, Fan X, Zhang X, Ren H, Huang H. Precise portrayal of microscopic processes of wastewater biofilm formation: Taking SiO 2 as the model carrier. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157776. [PMID: 35926593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Precise characterization of the microscopic processes of wastewater biofilm formation is essential for regulating biofilm behavior. Nevertheless, it remains a great challenge. This study investigated biofilm formation on SiO2 carriers under gradually increasing shear force combining the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory in a Couette-Taylor reactor, and precisely revealed the micro-interface interaction and species colonization during biofilm formation. The results indicated that bacterial reversible adhesion distance on SiO2 carrier surface was 3.06 ± 0.48 nm. Meanwhile, the secondary minimum of total XDLVO interaction energy could be used as a novel indicator to distinguish biofilm formation stages. The revealed biofilm formation stages were also confirmed by the electrochemical analysis. Additionally, the pioneer species that colonized at first were Comamonadaceae, Azospira, Flavobacterium and Azonexus, while keystone species such as Hydrogenophaga, AKYH767, Aquimonas and Ignavibacterium determined the stability of microbial community. In conclusion, this study provided a methodological example to study wastewater biofilm micro-interface behavior through the integration of an experimental platform as well as multiple monitoring and analysis methods, which opened up new perspectives for biofilm research and provided useful guidance for the regulation of biofilm-related treatment processes and new technology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Li Z, Meng Q, Wan C, Zhang C, Tan X, Liu X. Aggregation performance and adhesion behavior of microbes in response to feast/famine condition: Rapid granulation of aerobic granular sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112780. [PMID: 35065930 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Periodic starvation was a common strategy for the rapid start-up of aerobic granular sludge (AGS), and investigating the behavior of microbes that originated from inner or outer layer in response to feast/famine condition could provide more details for the development or stability of AGS. In this work, the microbes of the AGS were isolated by layers, the aggregation of microbes, the adhesion behavior of microbes, and viscoelasticity of the layer formed by microbes, at feast/famine conditions, were investigated for the in-depth understanding of the start-up and stability of AGS. The famine condition reduced the negative charge and deprotonated carboxyl groups of the surface thereby boosting the aggregation and adhesion of microbes. The feast condition was more beneficial for the stability of the layer as it caused a denser layer of microbes. The inner core microbes (IC) presented a higher aggregation rate than the outer layer microbes (OL) at feast/famine conditions. Also, the IC presented the highest aggregation rate, adhesion rate, and adhesion mass at famine conditions, which was most in favor of the start-up stage of the aerobic granulation. Since the denser layer was formed by IC, IC had better advantages over OL at the famine stage in the formation of a more stable layer. This study affirmed the role of microbes in the inner layer of the granule during the start-up phase and provided a theoretical basis for understanding the significance of the famine period for rapid granulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qingting Meng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Group Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuejun Tan
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Group Co Ltd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Yang W, Cai C, Dai X. Interactions between virus surrogates and sewage sludge vary by viral analyte: Recovery, persistence, and sorption. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 210:117995. [PMID: 34998072 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge, as a reservoir of viruses, may pose threats to human health. Understanding how virus particles interact with sludge is the key to controlling virus exposure and transmission. In this study, we investigated the recovery, survivability, and sorption of four typical virus surrogates with different structures (Phi6, MS2, T4, and Phix174) in sewage sludge. The most effective elution method varies by viral analyte, while the ultrafiltration method could significantly reduce the recovery loss for all four viruses. Compared with nonenveloped viruses, the poor recoveries of Phi6 during elution (<15%) limited its efficient detection. The inactivation kinetics of four viruses in solid-containing sludge were significantly faster than those in solid-removed samples at 25 °C, indicating that the solid fraction of sludge played an important role in virus inactivation. Although enveloped Phi6 was more vulnerable in both solid-removed and solid-containing sludge samples, it could remain viable for several hours at 25 °C and several days at 4 °C, which may pose an infection risk during sludge collection, transportation, and treatment process. The adsorption and desorption behavior of viruses in sludge could be affected by virus envelope structure, capsid proteins, and virus particle size. Phi6 adsorption to sludge was great with log KF of 6.51 ± 0.53, followed by Phix174, MS2, and T4. Additionally, more than 95% of Phi6, MS2, and T4 adsorbed to sludge were strongly bound, and a considerable fraction of strongly-bound virus was confirmed to retain viability. These results shed light on the environmental behavior of viruses in sewage sludge and provide a theoretical basis for the risk assessment for sludge treatment and disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Lin W, Ding A, Ngo HH, Ren Z, Nan J, Li G, Ma J. Effects of the metabolic uncoupler TCS on residual sludge treatment: Analyses of the microbial community and sludge dewaterability potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132473. [PMID: 34624348 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Residual sludge is a by-product with a large volume and complex composition from wastewater treatment plants. It is significant to reduce sludge volume to decrease the negative effects of sludge on environmental pollution and needless land use. We investigated the effects of uncoupler 3, 3', 4', 5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS) on the properties of sludge. After adding 0.12 g TCS/g VSS with 24 h mixing, the sludge concentration and total ATP content decreased by 51.1% and 60.8%, respectively. At the same time, the microbial community also changed significantly, leading to the decrease of richness and diversity. Additionally, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) reduced approximately 43% under the addition of 0.12 g/g VSS compared with the control. The decrement of EPS may be explained by the decreased relative abundance of functional bacteria (i.e. Chloroflexi reduced about 60% and Nitrospirota reduced about 31%). Notably, the addition of TCS before coagulation conditioning (FeCl3) promoted the adhesion of sludge flocs according to the theory of Extended Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbee (XDLVO), leading to the increased hydrophobicity of the residual sludge. Therefore, energy uncoupling has the potential of improving sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zixiao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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11
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Suo Y, Ren Y. Research on the mechanism of nanofiltration membrane fouling in zero discharge process of high salty wastewater from coal chemical industry. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Li Z, Li H, Zhao L, Liu X, Wan C. Understanding the role of cations and hydrogen bonds on the stability of aerobic granules from the perspective of the aggregation and adhesion behavior of extracellular polymeric substances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148659. [PMID: 34237538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were essential for the granulation and stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). In this study, the effects of electrostatic interactions, bridging effect of divalent cations, and hydrogen bonds on the EPS-EPS and EPS-surface interaction were verified by enhancing or reducing the specific interaction with the addition of cations or urea. The size and the surface properties of EPS aggregates were investigated, the adhesion behavior and viscoelasticity of EPS were analyzed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. The changes of EPS in response to the various condition were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrum. The electrostatic repulsion between EPS could be significantly reduced by Ca2+ addition. With the bridging effect, 10 μM of Ca2+ could reduce the negative charge of EPS more effectively than 200 μM of Na+. As Ca2+ could form the complex with the protein and Ca2+ was more inclined to bind with COO-, the Ca2+ took advantage of boosting the EPS-EPS and EPS-surface interaction than Mg2+ at the same ionic strength, which resulted in the denser structure of calcium-treated EPS. The destruction of hydrogen bonds by urea addition reduced the EPS-EPS and EPS-surface interaction, which confirmed the potential existence of hydrogen bonds in the interaction of EPS-EPS and EPS-surface. The removal of hydrogen bonds of EPS destroyed the protein's secondary structure and caused the unfolded state of the protein, which led to the looser structure of the EPS layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huiqi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lianfa Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Gao F, Zhou X, Ma Y, Zhang X, Rong X, Xiao X, Wu Z, Wei J. Calcium modified basalt fiber bio-carrier for wastewater treatment: Investigation on bacterial community and nitrogen removal enhancement of bio-nest. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125259. [PMID: 33991876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Modified basalt fiber (MBF) is a sustainable material studied as novel wastewater treatment bio-carrier recently. This work studied the effects of calcium modification on the bacterial affinity of modified fiber (Ca-MBF), bacterial community, and nitrogen removal performance. Results showed that Ca-MBF with hydrophilic (62.66°) and positively-charged (7.80 mV) surface accelerated bacterial attachment. Volatile suspended solids on Ca-MBF (5.46 g VSS/g fiber) were increased by 2.61 times after modification, with high bacterial activity when bio-carriers were cultured in activated sludge. Extracellular polymeric substances on Ca-MBF was 4.35 times higher and consisted of more protein. Bio-nests with unique aerobic/anaerobic structure formed on the ultrafine carriers in bioreactor. Ca-MBF bioreactor exhibited total nitrogen removal efficiency above 72.2% and COD removal efficiency above 94.2% with more stable performance than unmodified carrier in long-term treatment using synthetic domestic wastewater.16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed enhanced abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in Ca-MBF bio-nest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Gao
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiangtong Zhou
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yuting Ma
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xinshan Rong
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zhiren Wu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Fan X, Zhu SS, Zhang XX, Ren HQ, Huang H. Revisiting the Microscopic Processes of Biofilm Formation on Organic Carriers: A Study under Variational Shear Stresses. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5529-5541. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong-Qiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
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Li Z, Li H, Tang R, Wan C, Zhang C, Tan X, Liu X. Understanding the dependence of start-up and stability of aerobic granule on pH from the perspective of adhesion behavior and properties of extracellular polymeric substances. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 198:111311. [PMID: 33989628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The start-up and stability of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) could be greatly influenced by pH variation. The inner core in the aerobic granules provided adhesion sites for microbes by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) adhesion, the adhesion behavior of EPS and the properties of adhesion layer formed by EPS with pH changes might directly affect the start-up efficiency and stability of AGS. In this study, the adhesion behavior of EPS at an inorganic surface and the viscoelasticity of the EPS adhesion layer with pH variation was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, and the response of functional groups and intermolecular interactions to pH changes was explored. Based on the interaction energy calculation, it was found that the charge repulsion between substances dominated the interactions between EPS components and between EPS and the surface by regulating protonation and deprotonation of the functional groups of EPS with pH variation. A lower energy barrier between EPS and the surface at a lower pH value could facilitate the adhesion of EPS at the surface, which favored the rapid start-up of AGS. Moreover, the high ratio of both α-helix and intermolecular hydrogen bond at an acid condition could enhance the gel-strength of EPS, which provide AGS the resistance ability against external disturbance. This study revealed the mechanism of the interactions in EPS adhesion process with the variation of pH and provided useful information for a better understanding of the stability of the AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huiqi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design General Institute, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuejun Tan
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design General Institute, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Xu Y, Ou Q, Zhou X, He Q, Wu Z, Huang R, Song J, Ma J, Huangfu X. Impacts of carrier properties, environmental conditions and extracellular polymeric substances on biofilm formation of sieved fine particles from activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:139196. [PMID: 32417483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of properties of carriers, environmental conditions and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the initial adhesion of biofilm formation in biofilm-based reactors, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) was applied to monitor the deposition rates and viscoelastic properties of sieved sludge particles on model biocarriers. The results suggested that surface charge, hydrophobicity and surface coating of five representative carriers influenced deposition rates and viscoelastic properties of biofilm, whose variation with NaCl concentrations was controlled by not only the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) interaction but also non-DLVO forces. On hydrophobic surface, the addition of cationic substances enhanced the deposition rates and the compaction of deposited layer due to strong "hydrophobizing effect". For examples, 10 mM Ca2+, 10 mM Mg2+ and 10 mg/L poly-l-lysine enhanced the deposition rates to nearly 3, 2 and 4 times, as well as reduced the softness of deposited layer to almost 35%, 60% and 35%. Conversely, 10 mg/L negatively charged alginate might cause water retainment and steric shielding, thereby reducing the deposition rates to 40% and increasing the softness of deposited film to 120%. The presence of EPS sub-fractions can modify surface properties of sludge particles, to distinct degrees, contributing to biofilm formation. Notably, compared to tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) was more conducive to microbial attachment, but the presence of LB-EPS promoted the formation of a soft layer on a hydrophobic surface. Overall, these results provide insights into intrinsic mechanisms of the variation of deposition rates and viscoelastic properties responding to critical factors, which are meaningful to predict and regulate the initial adhesion process in biofilm-based reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Qin Ou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Zhengsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Ruixing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Jiahui Song
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 400044, China.
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