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Hsiao BY, Horng JL, Yu CH, Lin WT, Wang YH, Lin LY. Assessing cardiovascular toxicity in zebrafish embryos exposed to copper nanoparticles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 277:109838. [PMID: 38220071 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) to aquatic animals, particularly their effects on the cardiovascular system, has not been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, zebrafish embryos were used as a model to address this issue. After exposure to different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 3 mg/L) of CuNPs for 96 h (4 to 100 h post-fertilization), cardiac parameters of the heart rate (HR), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), and cardiac output (CO), and vascular parameters of the aortic blood flow velocity (ABFV) and aortic diameter (AD) were examined by a video-microscopic method. Morphologically, CuNPs induced concentration-dependent pericardial edema. Although CuNPs did not alter the HR, they significantly reduced the EDV, SV, and CO at ≥0.1 mg/L, the ESV and EF at 3 mg/L, the ABFV at ≥0.1 mg/L, and the AD at ≥1 mg/L. Transcript levels of several cardiac genes, nppa, nppb, vmhc, and gata4, were also examined. CuNPs significantly suppressed nppa and nppb at ≥0.1 mg/L, gata4 at ≥0.01 mg/L, and vmhc at 1 mg/L. This study demonstrated that CuNPs can induce cardiovascular toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations during fish embryonic development and highlight the potential ecotoxicity of CuNPs to aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Yuan Hsiao
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Yu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ting Lin
- Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10658, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
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Cirqueira F, Figueirêdo LPD, Malafaia G, Rocha TL. Zebrafish neuromast sensory system: Is it an emerging target to assess environmental pollution impacts? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123400. [PMID: 38272167 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution poses risks to ecosystems. Among these risks, one finds neurotoxicity and damage to the lateral line structures of fish, such as the neuromast and its hair cells. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is recommended as model species to be used in ecotoxicological studies and environmental biomonitoring programs aimed at assessing several biomarkers, such as ototoxicity. However, little is known about the history of and knowledge gaps on zebrafish ototoxicity. Thus, the aim of the current study is to review data available in the scientific literature about using zebrafish as animal model to assess neuromast toxicity. It must be done by analyzing the history and publication category, world production, experimental design, developmental stages, chemical classes, neuromasts and hair cell visualization methods, and zebrafish strains. Based on the results, number, survival and fluorescence intensity of neuromasts, and their hair cells, were the parameters oftentimes used to assess ototoxicity in zebrafish. The wild AB strain was the most used one, and it was followed by Tübingen and transgenic strains with GFP markers. DASPEI was the fluorescent dye most often applied as method to visualize neuromasts, and it was followed by Yo-Pro-1 and GFP transgenic lines. Antibiotics, antitumorals, metals, nanoparticles and plant extracts were the most frequent classes of chemicals used in the analyzed studies. Overall, pollutants can harm zebrafish's mechanosensory system, as well as affect their behavior and survival. Results have shown that zebrafish is a suitable model system to assess ototoxicity induced by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Cirqueira
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Livia Pitombeira de Figueirêdo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Horng JL, Kung GX, Lin LY. Acidified water promotes silver-induced toxicity in zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106865. [PMID: 38377931 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Freshwater acidification is a global environmental challenge, yet the effects of acidic water on fish resistance to toxic Ag+ remain an unexplored area. To address this knowledge gap, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations (0 (control), 0.1, and 0.25 mg/L) of AgNO3 under pH 5 or 7 for 7 days. Notably, AgNO3 at 0.25 mg/L resulted in 100 % mortality in both pH conditions, while AgNO3 at 0.1 mg/L resulted in higher mortality at pH 5 (85 %) compared to pH 7 (20 %), indicating that acidic water enhanced Ag+ toxicity. Several parameters, including body length, inner ear (otic vesicle and otolith) and yolk sac areas, lateral line hair cell number and morphology, the number of ionocytes (H+-ATP-rich cells and Na+/K+-ATP-rich cells), and ion contents (Ag+, Na+, and Ca2+) were assessed at 96 h (day 4) to investigate individual and combined effects of Ag+ and acid on embryos. Acid alone did not significantly alter most parameters, but it decreased the yolk sac area and increased the ionocyte number. Conversely, Ag+ alone caused reductions in most parameters, including body length, the inner ear area, hair cell number, and ionocyte number. Combining acid and Ag+ resulted in greater suppression of the otolith area, hair cell number, and Na+/Ca2+ contents. In conclusion, acidification of freshwater poses a potential risk to fish embryo viability by increasing their susceptibility to silver toxicity, specifically affecting sensory function and ion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Xin Kung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Horng JL, Lee CY, Liu ST, Hung GY, Lin LY. Differential effects of silver nanoparticles on two types of mitochondrion-rich ionocytes in zebrafish embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 252:109244. [PMID: 34785368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly used in our daily life and have become a potential environmental hazard. However, the toxic effects of AgNPs on the early stages of fish are not fully understood, and little is known about their effects on specific types of ionocytes. Using zebrafish embryos as a model, this study examined the effects (changes in cell number, morphology, NH4+ secretion and gene expression) of sublethal concentrations of AgNPs (0.1, 1, and 3 mg/L) on two major types of ionocytes: H+ pump-rich (HR) ionocytes, and Na+ pump-rich (NaR) ionocytes in the skin of embryos. After exposure to AgNPs for 96 h, the number of HR ionocytes significantly declined by 30% and 41% in the 1 and 3 mg/L AgNP groups, respectively. In addition, the apical opening of HR ionocytes became smaller, suggesting that AgNPs impaired the critical structure for ion transport. NH4+ secretion by HR ionocytes of embryos also declined significantly after AgNP exposure. In contrast, the number of NaR ionocytes increased by 29% and 43% in the 1 and 3 mg/L AgNP groups, respectively, while these cells deformed their shape. AgNPs altered mRNA levels of several ion channel and transporter genes involved in the functions of HR ionocytes and NaR ionocytes, and influenced hormone genes involved in regulating calcium homeostasis. This study shows that AgNPs can cause differential adverse effects on two types of ionocytes and the effects can threaten fish survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Lee
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Sian-Tai Liu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Luan Y, Zhao J, Han H, Shen J, Tang S, Cheng L. Toxicologic effect and transcriptome analysis for short-term orally dosed enrofloxacin combined with two veterinary antimicrobials on rat liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112398. [PMID: 34116333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Presently, toxicological assessment of multiple veterinary antimicrobials has not been performed on mammals. In this study, we assessed the short-term toxicity of enrofloxacin (E) combined with colistin (C) and quinocetone (Q). Young male rats were orally dosed drug mixtures and single drugs in 14 consecutive days, each at the dose of 20, 80, and 400 mg/(kg·BW) for environmental toxicologic study. The results showed that at the high dose treatment, the combination of E + C+Q significantly decreased body intake, lymphocytes count on rats; significantly increased the values of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and, cholinesterase (CHE); it also got the severest histopathological changes, where sinusoidal congestion and a large number of black particles in sinusoids were observed. This means E + C+Q in the high dose groups was able to cause significant damage to the liver. Other combinations or doses did not induce significant liver damage. Transcriptome analysis was then performed on rats in high dose group for further research. For E + C and E + Q, an amount of 375 and 480 differently expressed genes were filtered out, revealing their possible underlying effect on genomes. For E + C+Q, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed and 96 hub genes were identified to reveal the specific effect induced by this combination. This study indicates that joint toxicity should be taken into consideration when involving the risk assessment of these antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongfei Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linli Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal-derived Food Safety Testing Technology, Beijing 100193, China; Chinese National Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Drug Residues, Beijing 100193, China.
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Farhadi M, Razmara E, Balali M, Hajabbas Farshchi Y, Falah M. How Transmembrane Inner Ear (TMIE) plays role in the auditory system: A mystery to us. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5869-5883. [PMID: 33987950 PMCID: PMC8256367 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Different cellular mechanisms contribute to the hearing sense, so it is obvious that any disruption in such processes leads to hearing impairment that greatly influences the global economy and quality of life of the patients and their relatives. In the past two decades, transmembrane inner ear (TMIE) protein has received a great deal of research interest because its impairments cause hereditary deafness in humans. This evolutionarily conserved membrane protein contributes to a fundamental complex that plays role in the maintenance and function of the sensory hair cells. Although the critical roles of the TMIE in mechanoelectrical transduction or hearing procedures have been discussed, there are little to no review papers summarizing the roles of the TMIE in the auditory system. In order to fill this gap, herein, we discuss the important roles of this protein in the auditory system including its role in mechanotransduction, olivocochlear synapse, morphology and different signalling pathways; we also review the genotype-phenotype correlation that can per se show the possible roles of this protein in the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Farhadi
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and DepartmentThe Five Senses Health InstituteHazrat Rasoul Akram HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ehsan Razmara
- Australian Regenerative Medicine InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Maryam Balali
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and DepartmentThe Five Senses Health InstituteHazrat Rasoul Akram HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Yeganeh Hajabbas Farshchi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular BiologyTehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and DepartmentThe Five Senses Health InstituteHazrat Rasoul Akram HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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