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Lozano IE, Lo Nostro FL, Llamazares Vegh S, Lagraña A, Marino DJG, Czuchlej C, de la Torre FR. Impact of antiparasitic used in livestock: effects of ivermectin spiked sediment in Prochilodus lineatus, an inland fishery species of South America. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34057-4. [PMID: 38965109 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM) is a widely used antiparasitic. Concerns have been raised about its environmental effects in the wetlands of Río de la Plata basin where cattle have been treated with IVM for years. This study investigated the sublethal effects of environmentally relevant IVM concentrations in sediments on the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus. Juvenile P. lineatus were exposed to IVM-spiked sediments (2 and 20 µg/Kg) for 14 days, alongside a control sediment treatment without IVM. Biochemical and oxidative stress responses were assessed in brain, gills, and liver tissues, including lipid damage, glutathione levels, enzyme activities, and antioxidant competence. Muscle and brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) and stable isotopes of 13C and 15N in muscle were also measured. The lowest IVM treatment resulted in an increase in brain lipid peroxidation, as measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in gills and liver, increased catalase activity (CAT) in the liver, and decreased antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) in gills and liver. The highest IVM treatment significantly reduced GSH in the liver. Muscle (AChE) was decreased in both treatments. Multivariate analysis showed significant overall effects in the liver tissue, followed by gills and brain. These findings demonstrate the sublethal effects of IVM in P. lineatus, emphasizing the importance of considering sediment contamination and trophic habits in realistic exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael E Lozano
- Lab. Ecotoxicología Acuática, DBBE, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos & IBBEA, UBA-CONICET, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabiana L Lo Nostro
- Lab. Ecotoxicología Acuática, DBBE, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos & IBBEA, UBA-CONICET, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabina Llamazares Vegh
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal, INPA, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldana Lagraña
- GECAP, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable, Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján-CONICET, Luján, Argentina
| | - Damián J G Marino
- CIM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cristina Czuchlej
- Lab. Ecotoxicología Acuática, DBBE, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos & IBBEA, UBA-CONICET, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- GECAP, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable, Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján-CONICET, Luján, Argentina.
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Tilikj N, de la Fuente M, González ABM, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Novo M. Surviving in a multistressor world: Gene expression changes in earthworms exposed to heat, desiccation, and chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104428. [PMID: 38570150 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An investigation of the effects of anthropogenic stress on terrestrial ecosystems is urgently needed. In this work, we explored how exposure to heat, desiccation, and chemical stress alters the expression of genes that encode heat shock proteins (HSPs), an enzyme that responds to oxidative stress (CAT), hypoxia-related proteins (HIF1 and HYOU), and a DNA repair-related protein (PARP1) in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Exposure to heat (31°C) for 24 h upregulated HSPs and hypoxia-related genes, suggesting possible acquired thermotolerance. Desiccation showed a similar expression profile; however, the HSP response was activated to a lesser extent. Heat and desiccation activated the small HSP at 24 h, suggesting that they may play a role in adaptation. Simultaneous exposure to endosulfan and temperature for 7 h upregulated all of the evaluated genes, implicating a coordinated response involving multiple biological processes to ensure survival and acclimation. These results highlight the relevance of multistress analysis in terrestrial invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Tilikj
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Mercedes de la Fuente
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Muñiz González
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - José-Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Marta Novo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Cavallaro MC, Hladik ML, Hittson S, Middleton G, Hoback WW. Comparative toxicity of two neonicotinoid insecticides at environmentally relevant concentrations to telecoprid dung beetles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8537. [PMID: 37237012 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) frequently traverse agricultural matrices in search of ephemeral dung resources and spend extended periods of time burrowing in soil. Neonicotinoids are among the most heavily applied and widely detected insecticides used in conventional agriculture with formulated products designed for row crop and livestock pest suppression. Here, we determined the comparative toxicity of two neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) on dung beetles, Canthon spp., under two exposure profiles: direct topical application (acute) and sustained contact with treated-soil (chronic). Imidacloprid was significantly more toxic than thiamethoxam under each exposure scenario. Topical application LD50 values (95% CI) for imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were 19.1 (14.5-25.3) and 378.9 (200.3-716.5) ng/beetle, respectively. After the 10-day soil exposure, the measured percent mortality in the 3 and 9 µg/kg nominal imidacloprid treatments was 35 ± 7% and 39 ± 6%, respectively. Observed mortality in the 9 µg/kg imidacloprid treatment was significantly greater than the control (p = 0.04); however, the 3 µg/kg imidacloprid dose response may be biologically relevant (p = 0.07). Thiamethoxam treatments had similar mortality as the controls (p > 0.8). Environmentally relevant concentrations of imidacloprid measured in airborne particulate matter and non-target soils pose a potential risk to coprophagous scarabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Cavallaro
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Michelle L Hladik
- U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA
| | - Samantha Hittson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Greg Middleton
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - W Wyatt Hoback
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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Li G, Zhang S, Wang H, Liang L, Liu Z, Wang Y, Xu B, Zhao H. Differential Expression Characterisation of the Heat Shock Proteins DnaJB6, DnaJshv, DnaJB13, and DnaJB14 in Apis cerana cerana Under Various Stress Conditions. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.873791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As key pollinators, bees are frequently exposed to multiple environmental stresses and have developed crucial mechanisms by which they adapt to these stressors. However, the molecular bases mediated at the gene level remain to be discovered. Here, we found four heat shock protein DnaJB subfamily genes, DnaJB6, DnaJshv, DnaJB13, and DnaJB14, from Apis cerana cerana, that all have J domains in their protein sequences. The expression levels of DnaJB6 and DnaJshv were upregulated by different degrees of heat stress, and the transcript level of DnaJB14 was gradually upregulated as the degree of heat stress increased, while the mRNA level of DnaJB13 was downregulated at multiple time points during heat stress treatment. The mRNA levels of all four DnaJBs were upregulated by cold and UV stress. In addition, the expression levels of DnaJB6, DnaJshv and DnaJB13 were reduced under abamectin, imidacloprid, cypermethrin, bifenthrin, spirodiclofen, and methomyl stresses. The transcript level of DnaJB14 was decreased by imidacloprid, cypermethrin, spirodiclofen, and methomyl exposure but increased by abamectin and bifenthrin exposure. These results indicate that the demand of A. cerana cerana for these four DnaJBs differs under various stress conditions. To further explore the role of DnaJBs in the stress response, we successfully silenced DnaJshv and DnaJB14. The content of protein carbonyl was increased, while the content of VC, the enzymatic activities of CAT, GST, and SOD, the mRNA levels of many antioxidant-related genes, and the total antioxidant capacity were reduced after knockdown of DnaJshv and DnaJB14 in A. cerana cerana. These results indicate that silencing DnaJshv and DnaJB14 increases oxidative damage and decreases the antioxidant ability of A. cerana cerana. Taken together, our results demonstrate that DnaJB6, DnaJshv, DnaJB13, and DnaJB14 are differentially expressed under stress conditions and play crucial roles in response to various stressors, possibly through the antioxidant signalling pathway. These findings will be conducive to understanding the molecular basis of bee responses to environmental stresses and are beneficial for improving bee protection.
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Rix RR, Guedes RNC, Christopher Cutler G. Hormesis Dose-Response Contaminant-induced hormesis in animals. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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González-Tokman D, Bauerfeind SS, Schäfer MA, Walters RJ, Berger D, Blanckenhorn WU. Heritable responses to combined effects of heat stress and ivermectin in the yellow dung fly. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131030. [PMID: 34144808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In current times of global change, several sources of stress such as contaminants and high temperatures may act synergistically. The extent to which organisms persist in stressful conditions will depend on the fitness consequences of multiple simultaneously acting stressors and the genetic basis of compensatory genetic responses. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug used in livestock that is excreted in dung of treated cattle, causing severe negative consequences on non-target fauna. We evaluated the effect of a combination of heat stress and exposure to ivermectin in the yellow dung fly, Scathophaga stercoraria (Diptera: Scathophagidae). In a first experiment we investigated the effects of high rearing temperature on susceptibility to ivermectin, and in a second experiment we assayed flies from a latitudinal gradient to assess potential effects of local thermal adaptation on ivermectin sensitivity. The combination of heat and ivermectin synergistically reduced offspring survival, revealing severe effects of the two stressors when combined. However, latitudinal populations did not systematically vary in how ivermectin affected offspring survival, body size, development time, cold and heat tolerance. We also found very low narrow-sense heritability of ivermectin sensitivity, suggesting evolutionary constraints for responses to the combination of these stressors beyond immediate maternal or plastic effects. If the revealed patterns hold also for other invertebrates, the combination of increasing climate warming and ivermectin stress may thus have severe consequences for biodiversity. More generally, our study underlines the need for quantitative genetic analyses in understanding wildlife responses to interacting stressors that act synergistically and threat biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel González-Tokman
- CONACYT. Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología A. C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351. El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91073, Mexico.
| | - Stephanie S Bauerfeind
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Martin A Schäfer
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Richard J Walters
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland; Centre for Environmental and Climate Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
| | - David Berger
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Sweden, Norbyvägen 18D, S-752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Wolf U Blanckenhorn
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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