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Ale A, Galdopórpora JM, Desimone MF, de la Torre FR, Cazenave J. Nanosilver and Silver Nitrate Toxicity in Ex Vivo-Exposed Gills of Fish and Mitigation by Humic Acids. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 107:421-426. [PMID: 33974084 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are unique because of their biocide properties. Once released to environment, AgNP interact with the natural organic matter which impact on their fate, dispersion, and ultimate toxicity. We carried out an ex vivo exposure of gill of Corydoras paleatus fish to 100 µg L-1 of AgNP or AgNO3, alone and in combination with 10 mg L-1 of humic acids (HA), with the aim to evaluate the potential mitigation of HA on AgNP toxic effects. We analyzed Ag accumulation and oxidative stress biomarkers. The results showed high bioaccumulation after the AgNO3+HA exposure. An inhibition of glutathione-S-transferase enzymatic activity and depletion of reduced glutathione levels were registered after the AgNO3 exposure, and increased lipid peroxidation levels in the case of AgNP one. Oxidative responses were mitigated when the HA were present in the media. Overall, the knowledge about the fate of this emergent pollutant was deepened through this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL, CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Juan M Galdopórpora
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín F Desimone
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- GECAP, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Luján, CONICET, Luján, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL, CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Santillán Deiú A, Ondarza PM, Miglioranza KSB, de la Torre FR. Multibiomarker responses and bioaccumulation of fipronil in Prochilodus lineatus exposed to spiked sediments: Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2021; 177:104876. [PMID: 34301349 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil is a current use pesticide, widely used in many crops, commonly adsorbed to sediments of aquatic environments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomarker responses and fipronil distribution pattern in different matrixes (fish, sediment and water) after juveniles P. lineatus exposure at two environmental concentrations (5.5 and 82 μg kg--1) of fipronil-spiked sediments. The levels of oxidized proteins (PO), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione content (GSH), antioxidant capacity against peroxyls (ACAP) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were evaluated in liver, gills and brain. Concentrations of fipronil and its metabolites (f. desulfinyl, f sulphpHide and f. sulfone) were quantified by GC-ECD. F. desulfinyl was the major metabolite found in all matrixes, followed by f. sulphide in sediments, while f. sulfone was mainly accumulated in fish. Fipronil promoted oxidative stress in P. lineatus, as evidenced by the increases in LPO and PO levels and the decrease brain AChE activity. Fish exposed at both concentrations showed significant decrease in antioxidant capacity. Alterations in the antioxidant defenses system was evidenced in all organs. These results suggest that the occurrence of fipronil in aquatic environments can generate oxidative stress at different levels in P. lineatus, showing that this species is highly sensitive to the deleterious effects of fipronil and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Santillán Deiú
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica de Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Rutas 5 y 7, Luján 6700, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Paola M Ondarza
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, D Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, D Funes 3350, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica de Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Rutas 5 y 7, Luján 6700, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Santillán Deiú A, Miglioranza KSB, Ondarza PM, de la Torre FR. Exposure to environmental concentrations of fipronil induces biochemical changes on a neotropical freshwater fish. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:43872-43884. [PMID: 33840019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil is a broad-use insecticide with severe toxicity to fish. Biomarkers responses and bioaccumulation were evaluated on Prochilodus lineatus after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of fipronil (0.5 μg L-1, 9 μg L-1, and 100 μg L-1) in a prolonged flow-through assay and ex vivo gills short-term exposition. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), oxidatively modified proteins (PO), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the content of reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant capacity against peroxyles (ACAP), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were evaluated. Besides, levels of fipronil and metabolites were analyzed by GC-ECD. At the end of the flow-through assay, fipronil, Fp. sulfone and Fp. desulfinyl were detected in fish, being liver the target organ. Fipronil prolonged exposition promoted oxidative damage in lipids and proteins, alterations in the defense system and low-antioxidant capacity in organs of P. lineatus. The brain AChE activity was affected after prolonged exposition. Ex vivo gills exposition to fipronil promoted changes in antioxidant capacity and damage to lipids, providing a fast and suitable test to assess the pesticide exposure in fish. The results revealed that fipronil at environmental concentrations would be an inducer of oxidative stress in this fish, becoming a vulnerable species to the effects of fipronil in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Santillán Deiú
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica en Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, B6700ZBA, Luján, Argentina
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Paola M Ondarza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica en Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, B6700ZBA, Luján, Argentina.
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Ale A, Galdopórpora JM, Mora MC, de la Torre FR, Desimone MF, Cazenave J. Mitigation of silver nanoparticle toxicity by humic acids in gills of Piaractus mesopotamicus fish. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:31659-31669. [PMID: 33608791 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most produced nanoproducts due to their unique biocide properties. The natural organic matter has an important impact on nanoparticle's dispersion as it may alter their fate and transport, as well as their bioavailability and toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the mitigatory effect of humic acids (HAs) on AgNP toxicity. For this purpose, we carried out an ex vivo exposure of gill of Piaractus mesopotamicus fish to 100 μg L-1 of AgNPs or AgNO3, alone and in combination with 10 mg L-1 of HAs. In parallel, a complete AgNP characterization in the media, including the presence of HAs, was provided, and the Ag+ release was measured. We analyzed Ag bioaccumulation, antioxidant enzymes activities, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals, and reduced glutathione levels in fish tissue. Our results indicated the Ag+ release from AgNPs decreased 28% when the HAs were present in the media. The Ag accumulation in gill tissue exposed to AgNPs alone was higher than the AgNO3 exposure, and sixfold higher than the treatment with the HA addition. Moreover, after both Ag forms, the catalase enzyme augmented its activity. However, those responses were mitigated when the HAs were present in the media. Then, our results suggested the mitigation by HAs under the exposure to both Ag forms, providing valuable information about the fate and behavior of this emergent pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Ale
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL, CONICET, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Juan M Galdopórpora
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Mora
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL, CONICET, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- GECAP, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Luján, CONICET, Luján, Argentina
| | - Martín F Desimone
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología, UNL, CONICET, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Ferreira JLR, Lonné MN, França TA, Maximilla NR, Lugokenski TH, Costa PG, Fillmann G, Antunes Soares FA, de la Torre FR, Monserrat JM. Co-exposure of the organic nanomaterial fullerene C₆₀ with benzo[a]pyrene in Danio rerio (zebrafish) hepatocytes: evidence of toxicological interactions. Aquat Toxicol 2014; 147:76-83. [PMID: 24374850 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Compounds from the nanotechnology industry, such as carbon-based nanomaterials, are strong candidates to contaminate aquatic environments because their production and disposal have exponentially grown in a few years. Previous evidence shows that fullerene C60, a carbon nanomaterial, can facilitate the intake of metals or PAHs both in vivo and in vitro, potentially amplifying the deleterious effects of these toxicants in organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of fullerene C60 in a Danio rerio (zebrafish) hepatocyte cell lineage exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in terms of cell viability, oxidative stress parameters and BaP intracellular accumulation. Additionally, a computational docking was performed to investigate the interaction of the fullerene C60 molecule with the detoxificatory and antioxidant enzyme πGST. Fullerene C60 provoked a significant (p<0.05) loss in cellular viability when co-exposed with BaP at 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μg/L, and induced an increase (p<0.05) in BaP accumulation in the cells after 3 and 4h of exposure. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells exposed to BaP were diminished (p<0.05) by the fullerene addition, and the increase of the GST activity observed in the BaP-only treated cells was reduced to the basal levels by co-exposure to fullerene. However, despite the potential of the fullerene molecule to inhibit π GST activity, demonstrated by the computational docking, the nanomaterial did not significantly (p>0.05) alter the enzyme activity when added to GST purified extracts from the zebrafish hepatocyte cells. These results show that fullerene C60 can increase the intake of BaP into the cells, decreasing cell viability and impairing the detoxificatory response by phase II enzymes, such as GST, and this latter effect should be occurring at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josencler L Ribas Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália km 8 s/n (96200-970), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), FURG, Brazil; Rede de Nanotoxicologia (MCTI/CNPq), Nanotoxicologia ocupacional e ambiental: subsídios científicos para estabelecer marcos regulatórios e avaliação de riscos, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - María Noelia Lonné
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Thiago A França
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália km 8 s/n (96200-970), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Naiana R Maximilla
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália km 8 s/n (96200-970), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago H Lugokenski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Química, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia G Costa
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática (CONECO), Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), FURG, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática (CONECO), Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), FURG, Brazil
| | - Félix A Antunes Soares
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Departamento de Química, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- Universidad Nacional de Luján, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José María Monserrat
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande-FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália km 8 s/n (96200-970), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Fisiologia Animal Comparada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), FURG, Brazil; Rede de Nanotoxicologia (MCTI/CNPq), Nanotoxicologia ocupacional e ambiental: subsídios científicos para estabelecer marcos regulatórios e avaliação de riscos, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Nanomateriais de Carbono (CNPq), Brazil
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de la Torre FR, Salibián A, Ferrari L. Assessment of the pollution impact on biomarkers of effect of a freshwater fish. Chemosphere 2007; 68:1582-90. [PMID: 17434566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Revised: 12/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Changes in biomarkers of fish captured from stressed environments may represent a reliable tool in revealing sublethal effects of the pollutants found in aquatic ecosystems. The response patterns of selected biochemical and morphological variables biomarkers of effect were assessed in adult females of an indigenous teleost Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, caught at a polluted site (San Francisco) of the Reconquista river (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Combined field-caging experiments with controlled laboratory exposure to clean media were performed. The biochemical parameters measured were specific activities of gill (Na+ + K+)-ATPase, liver AlaAT and AspAT, and brain AChE; LSI and CF were also calculated. The changes in gill (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and liver AlaAT activities of fish captured in the field in most cases were reversible after transfer to clean media. The results were interpreted in association with the physicochemical profile of the water samples taken simultaneously with the capture of the fish. Results suggested the suitability of the test species used as tools in environmental monitoring programs of risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando R de la Torre
- Applied Ecophysiology Program, Basic Sciences Department, National University of Lujan, Casilla de Correo 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
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de la Torre FR, Ferrari L, Salibián A. Biomarkers of a native fish species (Cnesterodon decemmaculatus) application to the water toxicity assessment of a peri-urban polluted river of Argentina. Chemosphere 2005; 59:577-583. [PMID: 15788181 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2003] [Revised: 11/12/2004] [Accepted: 12/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring by means of biomarker parameters assessed in different species is a useful tool. It has the advantage of providing a quantitative response as well as valuable information of ecological relevance on the chronic adverse effects caused by water pollution. The aim of this study was to assess the response of biochemical and physiological parameters of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus, a native teleost, simultaneously caught in two sites of Reconquista river, a highly polluted peri-urban river. This study compared the measured parameters with that of specimens of the same species captured in an unpolluted body water, and correlated the detected changes with the physicochemical profile of the water at each site. A comparison was made of selected parameters of gill, brain and liver and of somatic indices of fish collected from polluted and reference sites. The main parameters whose changes allowed to discriminate between sampling sites were gill (Na(+),K(+))-ATPase, brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and liver aminotransaminases activities; tissues' protein content and liver somatic index (LSI) were also sensitive biomarkers in brain and liver, respectively. The results showed that the response of the measured biomarkers allowed for the differentiation of sampling sites according to their water quality and confirmed that Cnesterodon decemmaculatus may be a useful test organism for the biomonitoring of freshwater environments. In addition, the simultaneous measurement of the physicochemical parameters of the water samples showed a good correspondence between the biomarkers responses and the environmental chemical stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando R de la Torre
- Applied Ecophysiology Program, Basic Sciences Department, National University of Luján, Casilla de Correo 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
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