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de Souza SS, Bruce KHR, da Costa JC, Pereira D, da Silva GS, Val AL. Effects of climate change and mixtures of pesticides on the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum. Sci Total Environ 2024; 922:171379. [PMID: 38431165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Several studies highlighted the complexity of mixing pesticides present in Amazonian aquatic environments today. There is evidence that indicates that ongoing climate change can alter the pattern of pesticide use, increasing the concentration and frequency of pesticide applications. It is known that the combination of thermal and chemical stress can induce interactive effects in aquatic biota, which accentuates cell and molecular damage. However, considering that the effects of climate change go beyond the increase in temperature the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of climate change scenarios proposed by 6 th IPCC report and a mixture of pesticides on the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). The hypothesis of this study is that the negative effects will be accentuated by the combination of an extreme climate changes scenario and a mixture of pesticides. To test the hypothesis, juvenile tambaqui were exposed to a combination of four pesticides (chlorpyrifos, malathion, carbendazim and atrazine) in two scenarios, one that simulates current environmental conditions and another that predicted the environmental scenario for the year 2100. Fish were subjected to the experimental conditions for 96 h. At the end of the experiment, samples of blood, gills, liver, brain, and muscle were obtained for hematological, genotoxic, biochemical, and histopathological analyses. The results demonstrate that environmentally realistic concentrations of pesticides, when mixed, can alter the biochemical responses of tambaqui. The extreme scenario promotes hematological adjustments, but impairs branchial antioxidant enzymes. There is an interaction between the mixture of pesticides and the extreme scenario, accentuating liver tissue damage, which demonstrates that even increased activity of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes were not sufficient to prevent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Silva de Souza
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Kerem Hapuque Rodrigues Bruce
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Custódio da Costa
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Desyree Pereira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Grazyelle Sebrenski da Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Mebratu AT, Asfaw YT, Merckx W, Hendriks WH, Janssens GPJ. Impact of brining and drying processes on the nutritive value of tambaqui fish (Colossoma macropomum). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299926. [PMID: 38625887 PMCID: PMC11020844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Preservation of fish as diet ingredient is challenging in many tropical regions due to poor socioeconomic conditions and lack of freezing facilities. So, alternative preservation techniques could be viable to address the issue. The present study evaluated the effect of brine salting (15% w/v) prior to drying at different temperatures on the nutrient profiles of tambaqui fish (Colossoma macropomum). Whole fish samples (n = 48; 792 ± 16 g; 8 months old) were grouped into two as brine-salted and non-salted, and treated at seven different drying temperatures of 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60°C for a period of 23 h each. To evaluate the impact of Maillard reaction, reactive lysine was also quantified. Drying temperature had no effect on the evaluated macro- and micro-nutrients of tambaqui fish (P > 0.05) while brining reduced the overall protein concentration by 6% (58.8 to 55.4 g/100 g DM; P = 0.004). Brining significantly reduced many amino acids: taurine by 56% (7.1 to 3.1 g/kg; P < 0.001), methionine 17% (14.7 to 12.1 g/kg; P < 0.001), cysteine 11% (5.1 to 4.4 g/kg, P = 0.016), and reactive lysine 11% (52.0 to 46.4 g/kg; P = 0.004). However, alanine, arginine, and serine were not affected by brining (P > 0.05). Brining also reduced the concentrations of Se by 14% (149 to 128 μg/kg DM; P = 0.020), iodine 38% (604 to 373 μg/kg DM; P = 0.020), K 42% (9.71 to 5.61 g/kg DM; P < 0.001) and Mg 18% (1.32 to 1.10 g/kg DM; P = < 0.001) versus an anticipated vast increase in Na by 744% (2.70 to 22.90 g/kg DM; P < 0.001) and ash 28% (12.4 to 16.0 g/100g DM; P < 0.001) concentration. Neither brining nor drying temperature induced changes in % lysine reactivity and fat content of tambaqui fish (P > 0.05). Agreeably, results of multivariate analysis showed a negative association between brining, Na, and ash on one side of the component and most other nutrients on the other component. In conclusion, drying without brining may better preserve the nutritive value of tambaqui fish. However, as a practical remark to the industry sector, it is recommended that the final product may further evaluated for any pathogen of economic or public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awot Teklu Mebratu
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Welfare, College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Tekle Asfaw
- Department of Veterinary Basic and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Wouter Merckx
- TRANSfarm, Engineering and Technology Group, The Catholic University of Leuven, Lovenjoel, Belgium
| | - Wouter H. Hendriks
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert P. J. Janssens
- Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Silva AOFD, Bezerra V, Meletti PC, Simonato JD, Martinez CBDR. Cadmium effects on the freshwater teleost Prochilodus lineatus: Accumulation and biochemical, genotoxic, and behavioural biomarkers. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 99:104121. [PMID: 37030645 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of Cd, juveniles of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus were exposed to 1 and 10 μg L-1 Cd, for 24 and 96 h. Fish exposed to Cd showed metal accumulation in the gills, kidney, and liver, an increase in DNA damage in erythrocytes, and an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the kidney. Cd exposure also caused a reduction in catalase activity, metallothionein induction, and LPO in the liver. Cd stimulated the swimming activity of exposed fish, resulting in longer swimming times and distances travelled, especially for the shortest exposure time. Changes in acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in the muscle and brain are probably related to these behavioural responses. These results show that Cd affects the functioning of several organs in P. lineatus, which is indicated by the genotoxic damage and changes in the AChE and swimming pattern of the exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Oliveira Fernandes da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Educação, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bezerra
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Meletti
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juliana Delatim Simonato
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Vieira JCS, Braga CP, Queiroz JVD, Cavecci-Mendonça B, Oliveira GD, Freitas NGD, Fernandes AAH, Fernandes MDS, Buzalaf MAR, Adamec J, Zara LF, Padilha PDM. The effects of mercury exposure on Amazonian fishes: An investigation of potential biomarkers. Chemosphere 2023; 316:137779. [PMID: 36632955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mercury can interfere with the expression of proteins and enzymes, compromise important pathways, such as apoptosis and glucose metabolism, and even induce the expression of metallothioneins. In this study, analytical techniques were used to determine the concentration of total mercury (THg) in muscle and liver tissue, protein pellets, and spots [using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS)], and molecular techniques were used to identify metalloproteins present in mercury-associated protein spots. Thirty individuals from three different fish species, Cichla sp. (n = 10), Brachyplatystoma filamentosum (n = 10), and Semaprochilodus sp. (n = 10) from the Brazilian Amazon were used. Oxidative stress indicators [such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), a marker of lipid peroxidation (LPO)] and the possible expression of metallothioneins in muscle and liver tissues were investigated. The two piscivorous species, Cichla sp. and B. filamentosum, presented the highest concentrations of mercury in their hepatic tissue, 1219 ± 15.00 and 1044 ± 13.6 μg kg-1, respectively, and in their muscle tissue, 101 ± 1.30 μg kg-1 and 87.4 ± 0.900 μg kg-1, respectively. The non-carnivorous species Semaprochilodus sp. had comparatively low concentrations of mercury in both its hepatic (852 ± 11.1 μg kg-1) and muscle (71.4 ± 0.930 μg kg-1) tissues. The presence of mercury was identified in 24 protein spots using GFAAS; concentrations ranged from 11.5 to 787 μg kg-1, and mass spectrometry identified 21 metal-binding proteins. The activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD, related to oxidative stress, decreased proportionally as tissue Hg concentrations increased, while the levels of LPO markers increased, indicating the presence of stress. Our study results demonstrate possible mercury interference in oxidative stress markers (GSH-Px, CAT, SOD, and LPO), in addition to the identification of 21 metal-binding proteins as possible biomarkers of mercury exposure in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João Vitor de Queiroz
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cavecci-Mendonça
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiri Adamec
- University of Nebraska (UNL), Lincoln, United States
| | - Luiz Fabrício Zara
- University of Brasília (UNB), College of Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Cantanhêde SM, de Carvalho ISC, Adolfo FR, Leal G, Reis GM, de Carvalho LM, de Assis Montag LF, Amado LL. Distribution of metals in different environmental compartments and oxidative stress biomarkers in Bryconops caudomaculatus (Osteichthyes: Characiformes) from a bauxite mining area in the Eastern Amazon. Environ Res 2023; 216:114391. [PMID: 36154861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Eastern Amazon is rich in bauxite ore. The extraction and processing of bauxite lead to the mobilization of Aluminum (Al) and other metals in environmental. We evaluated the metals (Al, Mn, Ba, and Cr) concentration in tissue, water, and sediment associated with antioxidant and oxidative damage responses in Bryconops caudomaculatus. The samplings were done in two hydrological periods (post-rain and post-dry periods) and at three points, located at two rivers: one in the surroundings of the mining area (P1) and other inside the mining area, upstream (P2), and downstream (P3). Defense antioxidant system biomarkers analyzed were total antioxidant capacity (ACAP) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. As an oxidative damage biomarker, the lipoperoxidation (LPO) was evaluated. Metals concentrations in the water and sediment were higher in the post-rain period compared to post-dry period. The water samples were acidic, with dissolved Al concentrations above the values established by local legislation at all points. In the gills, the metals accumulation was higher in fish from in the surrounding and upstream sites, and in the liver, was higher in fish from downstream site. Fish from the surrounding had increased antioxidant defenses, with higher ACAP in all tissues and higher GST in the gills. Consequently, they had lower levels of LPO. Fish from the mining area had decreased antioxidant defenses, with lower ACAP in all tissues and lower GST in the gills. Consequently, they had higher levels of LPO, indicating oxidative stress. The fish muscle was not responsive to GST and LPO at all sites. We conclude that the oxidative stress observed in the gills and liver of B. caudomaculatus from the area modified by the mining activity reflected the local anthropogenic impact status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sildiane Martins Cantanhêde
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia aquática e Pesca, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Irina Sofia Cardoso de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Franciele Rovasi Adolfo
- Laboratório de Análises Químicas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leal
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Moraes Reis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Análises Químicas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Fogaça de Assis Montag
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia aquática e Pesca, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Lílian Lund Amado
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia aquática e Pesca, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa em Monitoramento Ambiental Marinho, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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Lustosa do Carmo TL, Moraes de Lima MC, de Vasconcelos Lima JL, Silva de Souza S, Val AL. Tissue distribution of appetite regulation genes and their expression in the Amazon fish Colossoma macropomum exposed to climate change scenario. Sci Total Environ 2023; 854:158729. [PMID: 36116666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate change leads to an increase in water acidification and temperature, two environmental factors that can change fish appetite and metabolism, affecting fish population in both wild and aquaculture facilities. Therefore, our study tested if climate change affects gene expression levels of two appetite-regulating peptides - Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Cholecystokinin (CCK) - in the brain of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum. Additionally, we show the distribution of these genes throughout the body. Amino acid sequences of CCK and NPY of tambaqui showed high similarity with other Characiformes, with the closely related order Cypriniformes, and even with the more distantly related order Salmoniformes. High apparent levels of both peptides were expressed in all brain areas, while expression levels varied for peripheral tissues. NPY and CCK mRNA were detected in all peripheral tissues but cephalic kidney for CCK. As for the effects of climate change, we found that fish exposed to extreme climate scenario (800 ppm CO2 and 4.5 °C above current climate scenario) had higher expression levels of NPY and lower expression levels of CCK in the telencephalon. The extreme climate scenario also increased food intake, weight gain, and body length. These results suggest that the telencephalon is probably responsible for sensing the metabolic status of the organism and controlling feeding behavior through NPY, likely an orexigenic hormone, and CCK, which may act as an anorexigenic hormone. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the effects of climate change on the endocrine regulation of appetite in an endemic and economically important fish from the Amazon. Our results can help us predict the impact of climate change on both wild and farmed fish populations, thus contributing to the elaboration of future policies regarding their conservation and sustainable use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Laurie Lustosa do Carmo
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Cristina Moraes de Lima
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Vasconcelos Lima
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Samara Silva de Souza
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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de Paula AA, Risso WE, Martinez CBDR. What happens to Hoplias malabaricus fed on live prey (Astyanax altiparanae) previously exposed to copper? A multiple biomarker approach. Aquat Toxicol 2022; 252:106315. [PMID: 36195002 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Copper waterborne toxicity is well understood in aquatic organisms. However, the dietary copper effects are much less known, especially in tropical fish. The toxicity of copper via the trophic route could be influenced by the composition of the food, and diets naturally impregnated with copper seem to have greater toxicity at lower concentrations than artificially impregnated ones. Thus, our objective was to investigate the effects of copper on juveniles of the Neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus fed on live prey (Astyanax altiparanae) previously exposed to the metal (20 µg L - 1) for 96 h. The prey fish were given to H. malabaricus every 96 h, totaling 10 doses at the end of the experiment. Thus, after 40 days fish were killed and tissues were sampled. Blood showed to be the only tissue in which copper accumulated. Anemia was found and there was damage to the DNA of erythrocytes. Furthermore, ionic imbalances were observed in plasma. There was an increase in the concentration of Na+ and Cl- and a decrease in Ca2+, which were associated with increased copper uptake in the gastrointestinal tract of fish fed on copper exposed prey. All the antioxidant enzymes evaluated in the gills showed decreased activity compared to the control group. Copper seems to have interfered in the energy metabolism of H. malabaricus, since a lower condition factor and feed conversion efficiency rate were observed in fish fed with copper diet. The present study confirms the trophic route as an important copper toxicity pathway for H. malabaricus and reinforces the idea that metal toxicity can be increased when it is naturally impregnated in the prey tissues, even if the prey has been exposed to the metal only for a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Alves de Paula
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal - Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380. C.P. 10011, CEP: 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wagner Ezequiel Risso
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal - Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380. C.P. 10011, CEP: 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal - Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380. C.P. 10011, CEP: 86051-970, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Moreira RG, Gomes ADO, Tolussi CE, Branco GS, Pinheiro JPS, Zampieri RA, Lo Nostro FL. Neurotoxic, biotransformation, oxidative stress and genotoxic effects in Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei, Characiformes) males exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of diclofenac and/or caffeine. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 91:103821. [PMID: 35093559 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated neurotoxic, biotransformation, genotoxic and antioxidant responses to relevant environmental concentrations of diclofenac (0.4 μg L-1) and caffeine (27.5 μg L-1), separate and combined, in adult males of the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae after a subchronic exposure (14 days). Fish exposed to diclofenac and caffeine, both separate and combined, revealed a neurotoxic effect through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the muscle, while diclofenac alone and in combination caused cyclooxygenase inhibition. Caffeine alone produces genotoxicity on this species but, when combined with diclofenac, it potentiates hepatic lipoperoxidation and the inhibition of oxidative stress enzymes, while diclofenac alone or in combination produces a general inhibition of important enzymes. This study suggests that aquatic contamination produced by these pharmaceuticals has the potential to affect homeostasis and locomotion in A. altiparanae and compromise their immune system and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Dal Olio Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Souza Branco
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Andrade Zampieri
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática and IBBEA, CONICET-UBA. Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Portruneli N, Bonansea RI, Valdés ME, da Silva LCM, Viana NP, Goulart BV, Souza IDC, Espíndola ELG, Montagner CC, Wunderlin DA, Fernandes MN. Whole-body bioconcentration and biochemical and morphological responses of gills of the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid or fipronil individually or in a mixture. Aquat Toxicol 2021; 240:105987. [PMID: 34644674 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and the insecticide fipronil have been used widely in agriculture and detected in aquatic ecosystems, where they threaten wildlife. This study evaluated the whole-body bioconcentration and the biochemical and morphological changes in the gills of the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed for 96 h to 2,4-D or fipronil as single compounds or as a mixture (2,4-D + fipronil). Fish exposed to either compound alone bioconcentrated 2,4-D (77 ± 23 ng g - 1 fish dry mass) and fipronil (789 ± 178 ng g - 1 fish dry mass). Fish exposed to 2,4-D + fipronil bioconcentrated fipronil (683 ± 73 ng g - 1 fish dry mass) but not 2,4-D. In the gills, catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level increased after exposure to 2,4-D. GST activity increased after exposure to fipronil. Conversely, no changes occurred in CAT and GST activities and LPO upon exposure to 2,4-D + fipronil. Histopathological changes such as hyperplasia, cellular hypertrophy, epithelial lifting, and vascular congestion were frequent in the gills of fish exposed to 2,4-D or fipronil individually or 2,4-D + fipronil. The mitochondria-rich cell (MRC) density increased on gill surface in fish exposed to fipronil or 2,4-D + fipronil. Only exposure to 2,4-D alone induced oxidative stress in the gills. Most morphological changes showed defense responses against the pesticides; however, hypertrophy and the change in MRC indicated compensatory responses to maintain the gill osmoregulatory function. The 2,4-D + fipronil mixture showed antagonistic interaction, except for the MRC fractional area at gill surface, which showed synergistic interaction. This is the first report showing antagonistic interaction of 2,4-D and fipronil in the gills after exposing fish to the mixture of both pesticides. The biochemical and morphological changes in gills endanger the gill functions, a phenomenon that implies an energy cost for fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Portruneli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Rocío Inés Bonansea
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET e Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria Eugenia Valdés
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET e Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Natália Prudêncio Viana
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Bianca V Goulart
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Iara da Costa Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniel Alberto Wunderlin
- ICYTAC: Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos Córdoba, CONICET e Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
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Ale A, Bacchetta C, Rossi AS, Scarabotti PA, Cazenave J. Low temperature stress in a cultured fish (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fed with Pyropia columbina red seaweed-supplemented diet. Fish Physiol Biochem 2021; 47:829-839. [PMID: 33723682 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the cold stress effects (in terms of hematology, energy reserves, and oxidative stress) in Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacú) and their mitigation by a Pyropia columbina red seaweed-supplemented diet. For this purpose, juvenile fish were fed with a control (CD) or a red seaweed-supplemented diet (RD) for 60 days, and then, the animals were exposed to a low temperature (14 °C) and a control temperature (24 °C) for 24 h. The cold shock generated an increase of hemoglobin levels in fish fed with both diets. In CD-fed fish, plasmatic triglycerides, cholesterol, and hepatic glycogen decreased after the thermal shock; meanwhile, the animals fed with RD showed decreased hepatic proteins, but increased cholesterol and hepatic glycogen. Regarding oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes augmented their activity in the liver, intestine, and gills; meanwhile, lipid oxidative damage was observed in the liver and intestine of fish exposed to 14 °C and fed with both diets. Pacú was sensitive to cold shock, but no mitigation effects were observed in fish fed with the supplemented diet. Further research should target higher concentrations of P. columbina in supplemented diets to take advantage of this valuable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carla Bacchetta
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Andrea S Rossi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Scarabotti
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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11
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de Fátima Pereira de Faria C, Dos Reis Martinez CB, Takahashi LS, de Mello MMM, Martins TP, Urbinati EC. Modulation of the innate immune response, antioxidant system and oxidative stress during acute and chronic stress in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Fish Physiol Biochem 2021; 47:895-905. [PMID: 33786673 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress is an energy-demanding process, as well as the responses of the innate immune system, that impose a metabolic overload on cellular energy production, which can affect the cellular redox balance, causing oxidative damage. We evaluated the role of stress in the modulation of innate immune and oxidative/antioxidant mechanisms in juvenile pacu exposed to acute and chronic stressors. The experimental period lasted 30 days, and fish (113.7 ± 35.1 g) were fed commercial feed. During this period, half of the fish were not manipulated (Condition A), and the other half were chased with a dip net for 5 min twice a day (Condition C). After the 30-day period, fish from both groups were sampled (baseline sampling), and the remainders (not sampled) were air exposed for 3 min (acute stressor), returned to the tanks, and were sampled again 30 min, 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h after air exposure. We evaluated biomarkers of stress (circulating cortisol and glucose), the innate immune system (respiratory burst activity/RBA, hemolytic activity of the complement system (HA-AP) and serum concentration of lysozyme), oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation/LPO), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px). Our results showed that stress, acutely or chronically, caused a transient reduction of RAL and activated the HA-AP. Acutely, stress increased the lysozyme concentration. Furthermore, both conditions caused oxidative stress in the liver, and differently they modulated the antioxidant system, enhancing SOD activity and impairing CAT and GSH-Px activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Fátima Pereira de Faria
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, UEL, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Susumu Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnologia (FCAT-Unesp), Dracena, Rod. João Ribeiro de Barros, km 651, Dracena, SP, 17900-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana Maluli Marinho de Mello
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Talísia Pereira Martins
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Centro de Aquicultura, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane, 14, Jaboticabal, SP, .884-900, Brazil.
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Santillán Deiú A, Miglioranza KSB, Ondarza PM, de la Torre FR. Exposure to environmental concentrations of fipronil induces biochemical changes on a neotropical freshwater fish. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:43872-43884. [PMID: 33840019 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13786-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil is a broad-use insecticide with severe toxicity to fish. Biomarkers responses and bioaccumulation were evaluated on Prochilodus lineatus after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of fipronil (0.5 μg L-1, 9 μg L-1, and 100 μg L-1) in a prolonged flow-through assay and ex vivo gills short-term exposition. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), oxidatively modified proteins (PO), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the content of reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant capacity against peroxyles (ACAP), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were evaluated. Besides, levels of fipronil and metabolites were analyzed by GC-ECD. At the end of the flow-through assay, fipronil, Fp. sulfone and Fp. desulfinyl were detected in fish, being liver the target organ. Fipronil prolonged exposition promoted oxidative damage in lipids and proteins, alterations in the defense system and low-antioxidant capacity in organs of P. lineatus. The brain AChE activity was affected after prolonged exposition. Ex vivo gills exposition to fipronil promoted changes in antioxidant capacity and damage to lipids, providing a fast and suitable test to assess the pesticide exposure in fish. The results revealed that fipronil at environmental concentrations would be an inducer of oxidative stress in this fish, becoming a vulnerable species to the effects of fipronil in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Santillán Deiú
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica en Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, B6700ZBA, Luján, Argentina
| | - Karina S B Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Paola M Ondarza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Fernando R de la Torre
- Grupo de Estudios de Contaminación Antrópica en Peces (GECAP), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas e Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES), Universidad Nacional de Luján (UNLu-CONICET), Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, B6700ZBA, Luján, Argentina.
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13
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Santos C, Martinez CBDR. Multixenobiotic resistance mechanism: Organ-specific characteristics in the fish Prochilodus lineatus and its role as a protection against genotoxic agents. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 243:108996. [PMID: 33548546 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (MXR) can decrease intracellular genotoxic pressure through the efflux of compounds out of the cell. Thus, this work presents a temporal approach to evaluate the MXR activity and the occurrence of genotoxic damage in different organs of the fish Prochilodus lineatus after an intraperitoneal injection of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). Although the liver and brain demonstrated rapid MXR induction (6 h), the occurrence of DNA damage was not prevented. However, these organs presented some return to DNA integrity after MXR activity. The kidney demonstrated the slowest response in the MXR induction (24 h), which may be related to the preferential excretion of B[a]P metabolites by this route. Moreover, the kidney MXR reduction at 96 h may be related to its role in the excretion of metabolites from all other metabolizing organs. The gills did not appear to play an essential role in xenobiotics efflux; however, their participation in biotransformation is exhibited through the occurrence of DNA damage. The integrated response of the organs in the dynamics for the maintenance of the organism integrity could be promoted by the circulation of the xenobiotic through the bloodstream, which corroborates the increase in the DNA damage in the erythrocytes at 6 h. Therefore, the ability to induce MXR was linked to the preservation of DNA integrity in the presence of B[a]P, since MXR acts to avoid the accumulation of xenobiotics inside the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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14
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Muñoz-Peñuela M, Lo Nostro FL, Dal'Olio Gomes A, Tolussi CE, Branco GS, Pinheiro JPS, Godoi FGAD, Moreira RG. Diclofenac and caffeine inhibit hepatic antioxidant enzymes in the freshwater fish Astyanax altiparanae (Teleostei: Characiformes). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108910. [PMID: 33045363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic ecosystems are low, they can cause toxic effects on organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and caffeine (CAF), a central nervous system stimulant, both alone or combined, in Astyanax altiparanae males under acute exposure (96 h), measuring neurotoxicity biomarkers, antioxidant response and damage at biochemical and cellular levels. DCF concentration in water, separated and combined, was 3.08 mg L-1 and that of CAF was 9.59 mg L-1. To assess neurotoxicity, brain and muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were measured. To evaluate oxidative stress, the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as lipoperoxidation (LPO), were analyzed in liver and gills. Activity of hepatic cyclooxygenase (COX) was also evaluated. Genotoxicity was assessed in blood using comet assay and micronucleus test, as well as nuclear abnormalities. DCF and CAF, alone or combined, had neither effect on AChE activity, nor in the activity of SOD, CAT, GPx and GST in gills. In liver, DCF inhibited SOD and GPx activity, CAF inhibited CAT activity, the mixture inhibited SOD and GST activity; although only fish exposed to CAF showed increased hepatic LPO. Under these experimental conditions, no effect on COX activity was observed, nor cytotoxic and genotoxic damage. The most pronounced effects were caused by the drugs separately, since both compounds altered the enzymes, but only CAF triggered LPO, showing more harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Muñoz-Peñuela
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana Laura Lo Nostro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología Acuática y IBBEA, CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aline Dal'Olio Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Giovana Souza Branco
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Silva Pinheiro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Guilherme Andrade de Godoi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Guimarães Moreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Metabolismo e Reprodução de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Sachi ITDC, Bonomo MM, Sakuragui MM, Modena PZ, Paulino MG, Carlos RM, Fernandes JB, Fernandes MN. Biochemical and morphological biomarker responses in the gills of a Neotropical fish exposed to a new flavonoid metal-insecticide. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111459. [PMID: 33069948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The flavonoid metal-insecticide [Mg(hesp)2(phen)], denominated MgHP, has high potential for controlling agricultural pests. If applied in large scale, it may reach aquatic ecosystems and be harmful to the biota. This study evaluated the effects of MgHP in the gills of the Neotropical fish, Prochilodus lineatus by determining the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione s-transferase (GST), and the levels of glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) after 24 and 96 h exposure to 0, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 μg L-1. The histopathological changes with emphases to mitochondria-rich cells (MRC) were evaluated as well. After 24 h exposure the enzyme activities and the GSH and LPO levels were unchanged however, after 96 h exposure to high MgHP concentration (1000 μg L-1), the GST activity and GSH levels increased. Oxidative stress measured as LPO levels did not occur after MgHP exposure in both periods. Gill tissue alterations increased after MgHP exposure to 10, 100 and 1000 μg L-1. Cellular atrophy, pillar cells changes, filament epithelium hyperplasia and hypertrophy, lamellar epithelium hyperplasia were the most frequent histopathology. MRC in the filament epithelium decreased after exposure to 24 h and increased after 96 h indicating possible transitory osmo-ionic disruption. P. lineatus exhibited high tolerance to MgHP. The increased GST activity and GSH levels after 96 h exposure suggested possible MgHP accumulation and concentration- and time-dependent response. Histopathology in the gills of exposed fish occurred at high MgHP concentrations. These results suggested that the MgHP into water, at high concentrations, affect the gills by changing GST activity, GSH levels and histology being useful biomarkers for MgHP water contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivelise Teresa de Castro Sachi
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington, Luiz Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Marques Bonomo
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington, Luiz Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marise Margareth Sakuragui
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington, Luiz Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Pamela Zaganin Modena
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington, Luiz Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gustavo Paulino
- Federal University of Tocantins, Campus Araguaína, Avenida Paraguai, s/n°, Setor Cimba, 77824-838 Araguaína, TO, Brazil
| | - Rose Maria Carlos
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington, Luiz Km 235, 13563-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Gonçalves C, Marins AT, do Amaral AMB, Nunes MEM, Müller TE, Severo E, Feijó A, Rodrigues CCR, Zanella R, Prestes OD, Clasen B, Loro VL. Ecological impacts of pesticides on Astyanax jacuhiensis (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Uruguay river, Brazil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 205:111314. [PMID: 32956866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Brazilian freshwater ecosystems are continuously exposed to pesticides and domestic sewage. The Uruguay River was chosen for this study because of its international importance, as it flows through Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. It receives contaminants such as pesticides and domestic residues. Thus, the aim of this study to assess the accumulation of pesticides in muscle of the fish Astyanax jacuhiensis, its biochemical responses, and the presence of pesticides in water. In total, seven pesticides were registered in water from both river sites. Eight pesticides were detected in fish muscle. The biochemical responses showed that brain lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PC) in A. jacuhiensis were higher in the summer. Muscle showed the highest LPO levels in the spring and the highest PC in the summer. Liver LPO and PC levels were higher in the spring and summer. In the gills, the PC was higher in the spring and the LPO in the spring and winter. In the brain and in the gills, glutathione-S-transferase activity was high in the summer and autumn. Catalase activity was lower during the winter and spring. Non-protein thiol (NPSH) levels were lower in the brain in the winter and spring. Muscle tissue showed lower NPSH in the winter (site 1). Liver NPSH showed increased levels in liver in the spring and winter (site 2). The biochemical results clearly is related to pesticides and/or to the presence of other contaminants in the water such as metals or domestic sewage. The accumulation of pesticides in fish muscle added evidence that pesticides have been used in the area surrounding the Uruguay River. In conclusion, the biomarkers assayed in the present study could be used in future investigations considering other sampling sites along Uruguay River.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Talise Ellwanger Müller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Severo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil
| | - Adriane Feijó
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil
| | - Cíntia C R Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renato Zanella
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Osmar Damian Prestes
- Laboratório de Análises de Resíduos de Pesticidas (LARP), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara Clasen
- Departmento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 98600-000, Três Passos, RS, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade Animal, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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17
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, da Silva JA, Barroso DC, Glória EM, Baldisserotto B, Val AL. Dietary exposure to ochratoxin A reduces growth performance and impairs hepatic purinergic signaling in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:2055-2064. [PMID: 32770302 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The practice of replacing costly animal-derived proteins with more economical plant proteins has augmented the risk of mycotoxin contamination in fish feeds, including contamination with ochratoxin A (OTA). OTA is a secondary metabolite produced by molds commonly found in fish feeds that causes impairment of performance in several fish species and some hepatic biochemical alterations. However, the pathways involved in hepatic damage remain unknown and are limited to histopathological alterations. Purinergic signaling is a homeostatic system that continuously monitors the internal environment to detect injury primarily by two intercellular messengers: adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado). The objective of this study was to determine whether OTA-contaminated feed induces the release of nucleotides in the extracellular milieu, as well as whether ectoenzymes modulate ATP pro-inflammatory effects in liver of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Final mean weight, weight gain (WG), and liver weight were significantly lower in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed than in the control group. Liver ATP and Ado levels were significantly higher in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed compared with control, while no significant difference was observed regarding adenosine diphosphate and adenosine monophosphate levels. Hepatic triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) activity (for ATP) was significantly greater in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed compared with control, while adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was lower. No significant difference was observed with respect to hepatic NTPDase activity (for ADP) or for 5'-nucleotidase activity. Finally, levels of liver metabolites of nitric oxide were significantly higher in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed than in the control group. Based on these data, exposure to 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed impaired tambaqui growth performance associated with final mean weight and WG. Levels of two important intercellular messengers, ATP and Ado, increased in the extracellular space as a consequence of hepatic damage, exerting opposite immune responses. Finally, liver NTPDase and ADA activities were altered to modulate ATP and Ado levels, respectively, exerting anti-inflammatory effects to counteract OTA-induced hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A da Silva
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Barroso
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Glória
- Laboratório de Micologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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18
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Jacaúna RP, Kochhann D, Campos DF, Val AL. Aerobic Metabolism Impairment in Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) Juveniles Exposed to Urban Wastewater in Manaus, Amazon. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2020; 105:853-859. [PMID: 33201255 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-03041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential use of metabolic parameters as non-specific biomarkers of pollution. The Igarapé do Quarenta is a small urban river crossing an industrial area in the city of Manaus, Amazon, and receives the city wastewater without treatment. The fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) were exposed to water collected from two different sites of that stretch for 96 h. After exposure, routine metabolic rate (RMR) was measured, and fish were euthanized for measurements of electron transport system (ETS) activity, Copper (Cu) and Cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation and biliary PAHs. Water in the sampling points presented low oxygen and high pH, conductivity, dissolved ions, Cu, Cd and ammonia. Bile concentrations of PAHs were high suggesting industrial pollution. The tambaqui exposed to water from Igarapé do Quarenta showed increased RMR and decreased ETS/RMR suggesting impairment of metabolic fish performance and the potential use of these parameters as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daiani Kochhann
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
- Acaraú Valley State University, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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19
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Silva de Souza S, Machado RN, Custódio da Costa J, Campos DF, Sebrenski da Silva G, Fonseca de Almeida-Val VM. Severe damages caused by Malathion exposure in Colossoma macropomum. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 205:111340. [PMID: 32966934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increase in pesticide use in response to agricultural demands poses a risk to non-target organisms, including fish. Integrated analysis of biochemical, histopathological and genetic parameters in fish exposed to Malathion insecticide provide information on the toxicity mechanisms of this pesticide, which is classified as a probable carcinogen for humans. The present study assessed the biological responses of Colossoma macropomum after exposure to Malathion. We started determining the lethal concentration, which is the concentration capable of killing 50% of the subjects in an acute toxicity test (LC50-96 h), which was 15.77 ± 3.30 mgL-1. The fish were, then, exposed to Malathion during 96 h at a sublethal concentration, 7.30 mgL-1. Overall, we observed an increased activity of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes, which reduced production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species after 96 h exposure, as well as kept constant the mitochondrial respiration, Acetylcholinesterase activity and DNA damage. However, fish exposed to insecticide presented severe gill histopathological damage and increased expression of proto-oncogene ras. Taken together, the results suggest that, after four days of exposure to the Malathion, C. macropomum efficiently activates its defense mechanisms, suggesting that the basal response mechanisms are responsive. On the other hand, histopathologic damages evidenced the adverse effects of Malathion on fish, since it promoted gill necrosis and increased the expression of ras oncogene that is directly related to tumorigenesis events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Silva de Souza
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Rubia Neris Machado
- Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Universidade Federal Do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Custódio da Costa
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Derek Felipe Campos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Grazyelle Sebrenski da Silva
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil; Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Universidade Federal Do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
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20
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Santos C, Bueno Dos Reis Martinez C. Biotransformation in the fish Prochilodus lineatus: An organ-specific approach to cyp1a gene expression and biochemical activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 80:103467. [PMID: 32791344 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biotransformation ability of the organism is the result of organ-specific responses. This paper presents a molecular and biochemical approach to elucidate the biotransformation mechanisms in different organs of Prochilodus lineatus induced at 6, 24, and 96 h after a benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) injection. The induction in cyp1a transcription showed an organ-specific intensity at every tested time time. The EROD (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase) activity increased rapidly (6 h) in the liver and the kidney; the gills and the brain showed an increase at 24 h; and the gills demonstrated the highest activity among all the organs tested. There was no increase in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity or lipoperoxidation. The decreased hepatic glutathione content (GSH) may be due to its role as an antioxidant. B[a]P was detected in the bile, confirming the xenobiotic efflux from the metabolizing organs. The gills, liver, brain, and kidney of P. lineatus presented an integrated mechanism to deal with the xenobiotic biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil.
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21
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, da Silva JA, Barroso DC, Glória EM, Mesadri J, Wagner R, Baldisserotto B, Val AL. Dietary ochratoxin A (OTA) decreases growth performance and impairs muscle antioxidant system and meat fatty acid profiles in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 236:108803. [PMID: 32470455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based ingredients are successfully replacing fishmeal in fish feeds. However, this practice increases the risk of feed contamination by mycotoxins that reduce production and heath associated with oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether feed contaminated with environmentally relevant concentrations of ochratoxin A (OTA) causes muscle oxidative damage in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), and to determine whether this feed impairs fatty acid profiles in fish meat. Final mean weight, weight gain, daily weight gain, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate were significantly lower in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those fed basal diet, while feed conversion was significantly higher in these same groups compared to the basal group. Levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in muscle were significantly higher in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those in the basal group. Likewise, muscle superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly higher in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg then in those fed basal feed. The total content of saturated fatty acids was significantly higher, and total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower in fish fed 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those fed basal feed. Taken together, the data suggest that OTA-contaminated feed induces oxidative damage and disturbs enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses in tambaqui meat. The perturbations of fatty acid profiles in fish meat appears to mediated by oxidative damage, representing negative impact on fish health and presenting concerns for consumers of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A da Silva
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Barroso
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Mesadri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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22
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Biller JD, Takahashi LS, Urbinati EC. Under stress conditions, pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus modulates the metabolic allostatic load even after Dolops carvalhoi challenge to maintain self-protection mechanisms. Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:1309-1321. [PMID: 32236770 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fish metabolic allostatic dynamics, when animal present physiological modifications that can be strategies to survive, are important for promoting changes to ensure whole body self-protection and survival in chronic states of stress. To determine the impact of sequential stressors on pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), fish were subjected to two trials of stressful treatments, administration of exogenous dietary cortisol, and parasite challenge. The first experiment consisted of a two-day acute stress trial and the second, an eight-day chronic stress trial, and after both experiments, fish parasite susceptibility was assessed with the ectoparasite Dolops carvalhoi challenge. Physiological changes in response to acute trial were observed in glycogen, cortisol, glucose, osmolarity, sodium, calcium, chloride, potassium, hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells and mean corpuscular volume, and white blood cell (P < 0.05), whereas response to chronic trial were observed in glycogen, osmolarity, potassium, calcium, chloride, mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte (P < 0.05). Acute trials caused physiological changes, however those changes did not induce the consumption of hepatic glycogen. Chronic stress caused physiological changes that induced hepatic glycogen consumption. Under acute trial, stress experience was important to fish to achieve homeostasis after chronic stress. Changes were important to modulate the response to stressor, improve body health status, and overcome the extra stressor with D. carvalhoi challenge. The experiments demonstrate that pacu initiate strategic self-protective metabolic dynamics in acute states of stress that ensure the maintenance of important life processes in front of sequential stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Dalbello Biller
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rod. Cmte João Ribeiro de Barros, Km 651, Dracena, SP, CEP 17900-000, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Susumu Takahashi
- College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rod. Cmte João Ribeiro de Barros, Km 651, Dracena, SP, CEP 17900-000, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
- Aquaculture Center of UNESP, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, CEP 14884-900, Brazil
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23
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Hinojosa-Garro D, Osten JRV, Dzul-Caamal R. Banded tetra (Astyanax aeneus) as bioindicator of trace metals in aquatic ecosystems of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico: Experimental biomarkers validation and wild populations biomonitoring. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 195:110477. [PMID: 32200148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicator organisms are important tools in environmental monitoring studies. Understanding this, the overall goal of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity and viability of the native fish species Banded tetra, (Astyanax aeneus; Günther, 1860), widely spread in the aquatic ecosystems of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, as a bioindicator organism. In order to do this, we performed a bioassay at sublethal concentrations using copper (CuSO4) to experimentally evaluate and validate the relationship between the trace metals and oxidative stress biomarkers response [(catalase (CAT), lipoperoxidation content (LPO)], detoxification [(glutathione S-transferase (GST), metallothionein content (MT)] and neurotoxicity (AChE) in muscle of A. aeneus. Results showed changes in biomarkers after 96 h: Catalase activity (CAT) was significantly higher above 1.5 and 2 mg/L (154.35 and 172.50% increase, respectively); lipid peroxidation contents (TBARS), GST activity, and MT content were very similar to CAT activity at 1.5 and 2 mg/L of Cu. In terms of neurotoxicity, AChE activity was significantly inhibited at 0.1 mg/L (64%; p < 0.001) and 0.5 mg/L (44%; p < 0.001) of Cu. Based on the bioassay results, we performed a trace metal monitoring campaign in muscle of A. aeneus caught in 15 sites with different anthropogenic activities, during the summer of 2017, to establish a baseline of trace metals pollution in the state of Campeche. A. aeneus showed the highest trace metal accumulation in the following order: Al > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Hg > Cr > Pb > Cd > V > As, while sites were arrange as follows: Xnoha lagoon > Palizada River > Candelaria River > Ululmal > Maravillas > López Mateos. PCA showed a cluster between biomarkers (GST, CAT, TBARS, and MT) and concentration of metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, Hg and Cr). Conversely, AChE inhibition was not related to a specific metal, but highest inhibitions (>50%) were present in those sites with intensive agricultural practices. These results determined that, based on its physiological response and trace metal bioaccumulation, Astyanax aeneus can be considered a good bioindicator for evaluating the presence of trace metals in tropical aquatic systems of the Yucatan Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demián Hinojosa-Garro
- Laboratorio en Ecología Acuática y Monitoreo Ambiental, CEDESU, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, 24070, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, 24070, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Dzul-Caamal
- Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari No. 480, 24070, San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, Mexico.
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24
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Fé-Gonçalves LM, Araújo JDA, Santos CHDAD, Val AL, Almeida-Val VMFD. How will farmed populations of freshwater fish deal with the extreme climate scenario in 2100? Transcriptional responses of Colossoma macropomum from two Brazilian climate regions. J Therm Biol 2020; 89:102487. [PMID: 32364997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818) is an endemic fish of the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and it is the most economically important native species in Brazil being raised in five climatically distinct regions. In the face of current global warming, environmental variations in farm ponds represent additional challenges that may drive new adaptive regional genetic variations among broodstocks of tambaqui. In an experimental context based on the high-emission scenario of the 5th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, we used two farmed tambaqui populations to test this hypothesis. RNA-seq transcriptome analysis was performed in the liver of juvenile tambaqui from northern (Balbina Experimental Station, Balbina, AM) and southeastern (Brumado Fish Farming, Mogi Mirim, SP) Brazilian regions kept for 30 days in artificial environmental rooms mimicking the current and extreme climate scenarios. Three Illumina MiSeq runs produced close to 120 million 500 bp paired-end reads; 191,139 contigs were assembled with N50 = 1595. 355 genes were differentially expressed for both populations in response to the extreme scenario. After enrichment analysis, each population presented a core set of genes to cope with climate change. Northern fish induced genes related to the cellular response to stress, activation of MAPK activity, response to unfolded protein, protein metabolism and cellular response to DNA damage stimuli. Genes biologically involved in regulating cell proliferation, protein stabilisation and protein ubiquitination for degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system were downregulated. Genes associated with biological processes, including the cellular response to stress, MAPK cascade activation, homeostatic processes and positive regulation of immune responses were upregulated in southeastern fish. The downregulated genes were related to cytoskeleton organisation, energy metabolism, and the regulation of transcription and biological rhythms. Our findings reveal the signatures of promising candidate genes involved in the regional plasticity of each population of tambaqui in dealing with upcoming climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mara Fé-Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Avenue, 2936, 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - José Deney Alves Araújo
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, University of São Paulo, Professor Lúcio Martins Rodrigues Avenue, 370, 05508020, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Dos Anjos Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Avenue, 2936, 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Avenue, 2936, 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Fonseca de Almeida-Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, André Araújo Avenue, 2936, 69067-375, Petrópolis, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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25
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Claudiano GS, Andrade SCS, Souza EC, Yunis-Aguinaga J, Coutinho LL, Moreira DKT, Gonçalves FC, Mundim AV, Marzocchi-Machado CM, de Moraes FR, Moraes JRE. Role of neuroendocrine modulation and biochemistry in the sepsis in Piaractus mesopotamicus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 288:113338. [PMID: 31812532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic process with multifactorial pathophysiology that affects most animal species. It is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. This work aimed to study the biochemical and neuroendocrine changes of the sepsis process in Piaractus mesopotamicus after Aeromonas hydrophila inoculation analyzing changes in blood leukocyte and differences in neuroendocrine-biochemical modulation using RNA-seq. Fish showed hypercortisolemia, inhibition of glucose absorption, followed by hypocortisolemia and then hyperglycemia. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) showed immediate decrease in serum and T4 increased 6 h post-inoculation (HPI). Sepsis-induced hormonal alterations triggered changes in the metabolic pathways increasing protein and lipid catabolism, use of transient anaerobic glycolysis and liver injury. A reference transcriptome was constructed based on blood leukocytes from P. mesopotamicus. The assembly resulted in total 266,272 contigs with a N50 of 2786 bp. There was a reorganization of plasma membrane of leukocytes at the beginning of the septic process with increased expression of neuroendocrine receptors and with continuous flow of neurotransmitters, hormones and solutes with compensatory regulation at 6 HPI. Three and nine HPI seemed to be critical, the expression of a number of transcription factors was increased, including the modulatory DEGs related to glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones induced and suppressed (FDR < 0.05). Neuroendocrine modulation can regulate leukocytes and biochemical parameters of peripheral blood, being important sources for the study of the pathophysiology of sepsis. These finding highlights the importance of further studies focusing on biochemical-neuroendocrine changes in blood leukocytes and systemic sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo S Claudiano
- Department of Veterinarian Pathology, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Sónia C S Andrade
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo University, USP, Brazil
| | - Elaine C Souza
- Educational Foundation of Penápolis, FUNEPE, Penápolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga
- Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto del Mar del Perú, IMARPE, Lima, Perú
| | - Luiz L Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, São Paulo University, USP, ESALQ, Brazil
| | - Débora K T Moreira
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Felipe C Gonçalves
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Antonio V Mundim
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Cleni M Marzocchi-Machado
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, USP, Brazil
| | - Flávio R de Moraes
- Department of Veterinarian Pathology, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julieta R E Moraes
- Department of Veterinarian Pathology, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Unesp, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Aquaculture Center of UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Weber AA, Sales CF, de Souza Faria F, Melo RMC, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Effects of metal contamination on liver in two fish species from a highly impacted neotropical river: A case study of the Fundão dam, Brazil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 190:110165. [PMID: 31918258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental disasters such as the rupturing of mine tailings dams are a major concern worldwide. In the present study, we assess the effects of the release of mine waste due to the rupture of the Fundão dam on two native fish species (Hoplias intermedius and Hypostomus affinis) from the Doce River basin. Two sampling sites were chosen: S1, a reference site, and S2, contaminated by mining waste. Water and sediment were collected to evaluate metals concentration. Adult fish were caught to analyse biological parameters, hepatic histopathology, and biomarkers of metal contamination. Compared to site S1, the concentration of manganese was statistically higher in water while lead, nickel, and arsenic were statistically higher in the sediment from site S2, and iron had no significant difference between sites. At site S1, fish of both species presented hepatic tissue with normal architecture. At site S2, hepatic alterations, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis were frequently found in both species. Regarding the histopathological index, higher values were found in both species from site S2. The positive antibody reactions for cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and metallothionein (MT) were statistically greater in site S2 for both species. The oxidative stress biomarkers, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were statistically higher in H. intermedius from site S2, but only CAT was statistically greater in H. affinis at site S2. These results demonstrate that the release of mineral residues from the rupture of the Samarco mine dam is provoking hepatic damage in the fish from the Doce River besides inducing the expression of proteins and enzymes related to metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Alberto Weber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferreira Sales
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Souza Faria
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Magno Costa Melo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P.486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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da Silva-Gomes RN, Gabriel Kuniyoshi ML, Oliveira da Silva Duran B, Thomazini Zanella BT, Paccielli Freire P, Gutierrez de Paula T, de Almeida Fantinatti BE, Simões Salomão RA, Carvalho RF, Delazari Santos L, Dal-Pai-Silva M. Prolonged fasting followed by refeeding modifies proteome profile and parvalbumin expression in the fast-twitch muscle of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225864. [PMID: 31856193 PMCID: PMC6922423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we analyzed the fast-twitch muscle of juvenile Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) submitted to prolonged fasting (30d) and refeeding (6h, 24h, 48h and 30d). We measured the relative rate of weight and length increase (RRIlength and RRIweight), performed shotgun proteomic analysis and did Western blotting for PVALB after 30d of fasting and 30d of refeeding. We assessed the gene expression of igf-1, mafbx and pvalb after 30d of fasting and after 6h, 24h, 48h and 30d of refeeding. We performed a bioinformatic analysis to predict miRNAs that possibly control parvalbumin expression. After fasting, RRIlength, RRIweight and igf-1 expression decreased, while the mafbx expression increased, which suggest that prolonged fasting caused muscle atrophy. After 6h and 24h of refeeding, mafbx was not changed and igf-1 was downregulated, while after 48h of refeeding mafbx was downregulated and igf-1 was not changed. After 30d of refeeding, RRIlength and RRIweight were increased and igf-1 and mafbx expression were not changed. Proteomic analysis identified 99 proteins after 30d of fasting and 71 proteins after 30d of refeeding, of which 23 and 17, respectively, were differentially expressed. Most of these differentially expressed proteins were related to cytoskeleton, muscle contraction, and metabolism. Among these, parvalbumin (PVALB) was selected for further validation. The analysis showed that pvalb mRNA was downregulated after 6h and 24h of refeeding, but was not changed after 30d of fasting or 48h and 30d of refeeding. The Western blotting confirmed that PVALB protein was downregulated after 30d of fasting and 30d of refeeding. The downregulation of the protein and the unchanged expression of the mRNA after 30d of fasting and 30d of refeeding suggest a post-transcriptional regulation of PVALB. Our miRNA analysis predicted 444 unique miRNAs that may target pvalb. In conclusion, muscle atrophy and partial compensatory growth caused by prolonged fasting followed by refeeding affected the muscle proteome and PVALB expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nunes da Silva-Gomes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura Gabriel Kuniyoshi
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira da Silva Duran
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Tereza Thomazini Zanella
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tassiana Gutierrez de Paula
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Delazari Santos
- Center for the Studies of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP)/ Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Castro JP, Hattori RS, Yoshinaga TT, Silva DMZDA, Ruiz-Ruano FJ, Foresti F, Santos MH, de Almeida MC, Moreira-Filho O, Artoni RF. Differential Expression of Genes Related to Sexual Determination Can Modify the Reproductive Cycle of Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes: Characidae) in B Chromosome Carrier Individuals. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E909. [PMID: 31717315 PMCID: PMC6896079 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The species complex Astyanax scabripinnis is one of the most studied with respect to origin, distribution, and frequency of B chromosomes, and is considered a model organism for evolutionary studies. Research using population inferences about the occurrence and frequency of the B chromosome shows seasonal variation between sexes, which is associated with the presence of this supernumerary element. We hypothesized that the B chromosome could influence the sex ratio of these animals. Based on this assumption, the present work aimed to investigate if differences exist among levels of gene expression with qRT-PCR of the amh (associated with testicular differentiation) and foxl2a (associated with ovarian differentiation) genes between B-carrier and non-B-carrier individuals. The results showed that for the amh gene, the difference in expression between animals with B chromosomes was not accentuated compared to that in animals without this chromosome. Expression of foxl2a in B-carrier females, however, was reduced by 73.56% compared to females that lacked the B chromosome. Males had no difference in expression of the amh and foxl2a genes between carriers and non-carriers of the B chromosome. Results indicate that the presence of B chromosomes is correlated with the differential expression of sex-associated genes. An analysis of these results integrated with data from other studies on the reproductive cycle in the same species reveals that this difference in expression may be expanding the reproductive cycle of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pena Castro
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Ricardo Shohei Hattori
- Estação Experimental de Salmonicultura de Campos do Jordão, UPD-CJ (APTA/SAA), Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, SP 12460-000, Brazil;
| | - Túlio Teruo Yoshinaga
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, Rua Professor Orlando Marque Paiva, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil;
| | - Duílio Mazzoni Zerbinato de Andrade Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil; (D.M.Z.d.A.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil; (D.M.Z.d.A.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Mateus Henrique Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
| | - Mara Cristina de Almeida
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
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Sierra-Marquez L, Espinosa-Araujo J, Atencio-Garcia V, Olivero-Verbel J. Effects of cadmium exposure on sperm and larvae of the neotropical fish Prochilodus magdalenae. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 225:108577. [PMID: 31369861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with known deleterious effects on animal reproduction, decreasing the rate of fertilization of organisms such as fish. Prochilodus magdalenae is a very important fish species in Colombia, widely used by riparian communities from many rivers. Unfortunately, its population has been declining, whereas Cd seems to be more frequently detected in environmental matrices at Colombian ecosystems. The aim of this work was to determine the toxic effects of cadmium chloride on fertilization, sperm quality and mortality at 0, 1, 6 and 7 days post-hatching (dph) in this vulnerable species. The results indicated that Cd altered the fertilization and sperm quality by decreasing total motility and rapid and medium motilities of swimming spermatozoa. Results showed Cd produced 16.4 and 46.5% sperm motility inhibition, at 2.5 and 25 ppm, respectively. The heavy metal also impaired sperm curvilinear and straight-line velocities in a concentration-response dose. Cadmium-induced a dose-dependent effect on the mortality of the exposed larvae that depends on its development stage, with greater effects after 6 and 7 dph, observed at concentrations as low as 0.025 ppm. The results showed that the exposure to environmentally relevant Cd concentrations causes physiological changes in the initial stages of development of P. magdalenae, likely increasing the risk of reducing the fertility rate of this valuable fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucellys Sierra-Marquez
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia
| | - Jose Espinosa-Araujo
- Institute of Fish Culture Research - CINPIC, Department of Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Cordoba, Monteria 230002, Colombia
| | - Victor Atencio-Garcia
- Institute of Fish Culture Research - CINPIC, Department of Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Cordoba, Monteria 230002, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia.
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Rojo M, Álvarez-Muñoz D, Dománico A, Foti R, Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Barceló D, Carriquiriborde P. Human pharmaceuticals in three major fish species from the Uruguay River (South America) with different feeding habits. Environ Pollut 2019; 252:146-154. [PMID: 31146229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of 17 human pharmaceuticals (HPs) was investigated in the muscle of three fish species characteristic of the "Rio de la Plata Basin" with different feeding habits and of relevance for human consumption: Megaleporinus obtusidens, Salminus brasiliensis, and Prochilodus lineatus. Fish were sampled in fall and spring from 8 localities distributed along 500 Km of the Uruguay River. Atenolol and carbamazepine were the most frequently detected HPs (>50%), but at concentrations always below 1 μg/kg wet weight (w/w). Hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol, venlafaxine, propranolol, codeine, and the carbamazepine metabolite, 2-hydroxycarbamazepine, were accumulated at higher levels showing maximum concentrations between 1 and 10 μg/kg (w/w), but infrequently (<50%). The other HPs were always below 1 μg/kg (w/w) and at frequencies lower than 50%. Distinctive accumulation patterns were observed among species at different trophic levels. However, biomagnification trends were not identified for any compound. The highest number and concentration of HPs were found in M. obtusidens (omnivorous), followed by P. lineatus (detritivorous), and lastly S. brasiliensis (piscivorous). The most recurrent HPs (i.e. carbamazepine and atenolol) were present in all species, but others exclusively in one. Geographical variations were only found for carbamazepine and atenolol in M. obtusidens and P. lineatus, showing higher concentrations in localities closer to the Rio de la Plata estuary. Differences in the HPs concentrations among seasons were not identified. Acceptable daily intake and predicted no effect concentrations would indicate that measured muscle concentrations in fish from the Uruguay River do not pose a serious risk for human consumption nowadays. Further studies will be necessary for assessing the potential adverse effects on studied fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rojo
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Argentina
| | - D Álvarez-Muñoz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Spain; Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Spain
| | - A Dománico
- Comisión Administradora del Río Uruguay (CARU), Uruguay; Dirección de Pesca Continental- Subsecretaría de Pesca y Acuicultura de la Nación, Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Argentina
| | - R Foti
- Comisión Administradora del Río Uruguay (CARU), Uruguay; Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos, Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca del Uruguay, Constituyente 1497, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - D Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Spain; Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Spain
| | - P Carriquiriborde
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Argentina; Comisión Administradora del Río Uruguay (CARU), Uruguay.
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Traldi JB, Ziemniczak K, de Fátima Martinez J, Blanco DR, Lui RL, Schemberger MO, Nogaroto V, Moreira-Filho O, Vicari MR. Chromosome Mapping of H1 and H4 Histones in Parodontidae (Actinopterygii: Characiformes): Dispersed and/or Co-Opted Transposable Elements? Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 158:106-113. [PMID: 31203273 DOI: 10.1159/000500987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The karyotypes of the family Parodontidae consist of 2n = 54 chromosomes. The main chromosomal evolutionary changes of its species are attributed to chromosome rearrangements in repetitive DNA regions in their genomes. Physical mapping of the H1 and H4 histones was performed in 7 Parodontidae species to analyze the chromosome rearrangements involved in karyotype diversification in the group. In parallel, the observation of a partial sequence of an endogenous retrovirus (ERV) retrotransposon in the H1 histone sequence was evaluated to verify molecular co-option of the transposable elements (TEs) and to assess paralogous sequence dispersion in the karyotypes. Six of the studied species had an interstitial histone gene cluster in the short arm of the autosomal pair 13. Besides this interstitial cluster, in Apareiodon davisi, a probable further site was detected in the terminal region of the long arm in the same chromosome pair. The H1/H4 clusters in Parodon cf. pongoensis were located in the smallest chromosomes (pair 20). In addition, scattered H1 signals were observed on the chromosomes in all species. The H1 sequence showed an ERV in the open reading frame (ORF), and the scattered H1 signals on the chromosomes were attributed to the ERV's location. The H4 sequence had no similarity to the TEs and displayed no dispersed signals. Furthermore, the degeneration of the inner ERV in the H1 sequence (which overlapped a stretch of the H1 ORF) was discussed regarding the likelihood of molecular co-option of this retroelement in histone gene function in Parodontidae.
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Vieira CED, Costa PG, Caldas SS, Tesser ME, Risso WE, Escarrone ALV, Primel EG, Bianchini A, Dos Reis Martinez CB. An integrated approach in subtropical agro-ecosystems: Active biomonitoring, environmental contaminants, bioaccumulation, and multiple biomarkers in fish. Sci Total Environ 2019; 666:508-524. [PMID: 30802666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic contamination in agricultural areas is a global problem, characterized by a complex mixture of organic and inorganic pollutants whose effects on biota are unpredictable and poorly investigated. In this context, in the present study, the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus was confined in situ for 120 days in two sites with different levels of anthropic impact: 1) a fish hatchery station, within the State University of Londrina (reference site - REF) and 2) an agro-ecosystem area in one of the most productive regions of southern Brazil (experimental site - EXP). We evaluated multiple biomarkers at different levels of biological organization, such as biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damages, DNA damages and liver histopathology. We also evaluated the occurrence of 22 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 6 trace metals in water and sediment; and 33 current-use pesticides (CUPs) in the water; besides the presence of OCPs in the liver and metals in different tissues of the confined fish. The chemical analysis confirmed that the two environments presented different levels of contamination. We verified a distribution gradient of data in the principal component analysis (PCA), separating the REF fish to one side and the fish at the agricultural area (EXP) to the other side. In general, the biomarker responses were more altered in fish from the EXP than fish from the hatchery station; and this fish presented a greater accumulation of endosulfan (an increase of 18× compared to basal value) and showed oxidative, genetic, and histological damage. Through the Biomarkers Response Index (BRI), we found that the EXP fish demonstrated a decrease in health status compared with the REF fish during the confinement time, due to their exposure to a higher concentration of contaminants. In conclusion, the use of multiple biomarkers at different response levels is an important tool for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sergiane Souza Caldas
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Tesser
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wagner Ezequiel Risso
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Venquiaruti Escarrone
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km 8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km8, s/n, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Sadauskas-Henrique H, Wood CM, Souza-Bastos LR, Duarte RM, Smith DS, Val AL. Does dissolved organic carbon from Amazon black water (Brazil) help a native species, the tambaqui Colossoma macropomum to maintain ionic homeostasis in acidic water? J Fish Biol 2019; 94:595-605. [PMID: 30811601 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess how the quality and properties of the natural dissolved organic carbon (DOC) could drive different effects on gill physiology, we analysed the ionoregulatory responses of a native Amazonian fish species, the tambaqui Colossoma macropomum, to the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC; 10 mg l-1 ) at both pH 7.0 and pH 4.0 in ion-poor water. The DOC was isolated from black water from São Gabriel da Cachoeira (SGC) in the upper Rio Negro of the Amazon (Brazil) that earlier been shown to protect a non-native species, zebrafish Danio rerio against low pH under similar conditions. Transepithelial potential (TEP), net flux rates of Na+ , Cl- and ammonia and their concentrations in plasma and Na+ , K+ ATPase; v-type H+ ATPase and carbonic anhydrase activities in gills were measured. The presence of DOC had negligible effects at pH 7.0 apart from lowering the TEP, but it prevented the depolarization of TEP that occurred at pH 4.0 in the absence of DOC. However, contrary to our initial hypothesis, SGC DOC was not protective against the effects of low pH. Colossoma macropomum exposed to SGC DOC at pH 4.0 experienced greater net Na+ and Cl- losses, decreases of Na+ and Cl- concentrations in plasma and elevated plasma ammonia levels and excretion rates, relative to those exposed in the absence of DOC. Species-specific differences and changes in DOC properties during storage are discussed as possible factors influencing the effectiveness of SGC DOC in ameliorating the effects of the acid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Sadauskas-Henrique
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
- Santa Cecília University (Unisanta), Santos, Brazil
| | - Chris M Wood
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Luciana R Souza-Bastos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
- Institute of Technology for Development - Lactec Institutes, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Duarte
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Donald S Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Adalberto L Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
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Paschoalini AL, Savassi LA, Arantes FP, Rizzo E, Bazzoli N. Heavy metals accumulation and endocrine disruption in Prochilodus argenteus from a polluted neotropical river. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 169:539-550. [PMID: 30476816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered major pollutants of aquatic environments due to the difficulty of metabolization and the bioaccumulative potential in tissues of aquatic organisms, especially fish muscle that is often used as food worldwide. In addition to causing cell damage, some metals such as aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish. The Paraopeba and Abaete Rivers are important tributaries of the upper São Francisco River basin, but the Paraopeba River receives, along its course, the discharge of many types of effluents that affect fish species, including widely consumed species such as Prochilodus argenteus. This study evaluated histological and molecular changes caused by chronic exposure to heavy metals in P. argenteus from the Paraopeba River and compared this to fish from the non-impacted Abaete River. Sampled fish from both rivers were used in histological analyses and immunohistochemical assays. The results showed increased incidence of histopathologies and changes in number and morphology of germline cells in both sexes. In addition, up-regulated expression of oestrogens-induced proteins in the liver of males were detected in polluted environment. All the alterations were related to the concentration of metals in water and fish. The high concentration of various metals observed in water and fish from Paraopeba River serves as an alert to the environmental and public health regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Paschoalini
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L A Savassi
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F P Arantes
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E Rizzo
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - N Bazzoli
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Gomes F, Watanabe L, Vianez J, Nunes M, Cardoso J, Lima C, Schneider H, Sampaio I. Comparative analysis of the transcriptome of the Amazonian fish species Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) and hybrid tambacu by next generation sequencing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212755. [PMID: 30802266 PMCID: PMC6388931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The C. macropomum is a characiform fish from the Amazon basin that has been hybridized with other pacu species to produce commercial hybrids, such as the tambacu. However, little is known of the functional genomics of the parental species or these hybrid forms. The transcriptome of C. macropomum and tambacu were sequenced using 454 Roche platform (pyrosequencing) techniques to characterize the domains of Gene Ontology (GO) and to evaluate the levels of gene expression in the two organisms. Results The 8,188,945 reads were assembled into 400,845 contigs. A total of 58,322 contigs were annotated with a predominance of biological processes for both organisms, as determined by Gene Ontology (GO). Similar numbers of metabolic pathways were identified in both the C. macropomum and the tambacu, with the metabolism category presenting the largest number of transcripts. The BUSCO analysis indicated that our assembly was more than 40% complete. We identified 21,986 genes for the two fishes. The P and Log2FC values indicated significant differences in the levels of gene expression, with a total of 600 up-regulated genes. Conclusion In spite of the lack of a reference genome, the functional annotation was successful, and confirmed a considerable difference in the specificity and levels of gene expression between the two organisms. This report provides a comprehensive baseline for the genetic management of these commercially important fishes, in particular for the identification of specific genes that may represent markers involved in the immunity, growth, and fertility of these organisms, with potential practical applications in aquaculture management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Gomes
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Bragança, PA, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Luciana Watanabe
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Bragança, PA, Brazil
| | - João Vianez
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Márcio Nunes
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Jedson Cardoso
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Virology (PPGV), Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Clayton Lima
- Center for Technological Innovation, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Bragança, PA, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Institute of Coastal Studies, Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, Bragança, PA, Brazil
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Barbieri E, Ferrarini AMT, Rezende KFO, Martinez DST, Alves OL. Effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbofuran on metabolism in Astyanax ribeirae, a native species. Fish Physiol Biochem 2019; 45:417-426. [PMID: 30276578 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of the toxic effect of carbofuran and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on Astyanax ribeirae metabolism is of paramount importance due to the increasing use of this pesticide in agriculture and in the production of nanotubes within the material industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of carbofuran, MWCNT, and the combination of these compounds on specific oxygen consumption and excretion of ammonia in A. ribeirae. Therefore, 65 fish were divided into three groups of treatments at varying concentrations: carbofuran (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L), MWCNT (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L), and 0.5 mg/L of MWCNT added to carbofuran concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L). The average specific oxygen consumption in the groups exposed to carbofuran, compared to the control, increased 73.49% at the 0.01 mg/L concentration and decreased 63.86% and 91.57% with treatments of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. For groups exposed to the MWCNT, there was an 83.91% drop with the 1.0 mg/L treatment, and the carbofuran + MWCNT groups recorded a decrease of 71.09%, 92.77%, and 93.98% at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. In relation to specific ammonia excretion, in groups exposed to carbofuran compared to the control, there was an increase of 134.37% and 200% with the 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L treatments, respectively. The group exposed to carbofuran + MWCNT experienced a decrease of 60% and 80% with treatments of 0.1 mg/L carbofuran + 0.5 mg/L MWCNT and 0.5 mg/L carbofuran + 0.5 mg/L MWCNT, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that carbofuran + MWCNT interact, increasing the effects in Astyanax sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Barbieri
- Instituto de Pesca-APTA-SAA/SP-Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 157, Av. Prof. Besnard s/n, Cananéia, SP, 11990-000, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Maria Tegon Ferrarini
- Instituto de Pesca-APTA-SAA/SP-Governo do Estado de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 157, Av. Prof. Besnard s/n, Cananéia, SP, 11990-000, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Stéfani Teodoro Martinez
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Campinas, São Paulo, Cep 13083, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Luiz Alves
- Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
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Venturini FP, de Moraes FD, Rossi PA, Avilez IM, Shiogiri NS, Moraes G. A multi-biomarker approach to lambda-cyhalothrin effects on the freshwater teleost matrinxa Brycon amazonicus: single-pulse exposure and recovery. Fish Physiol Biochem 2019; 45:341-353. [PMID: 30269262 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin (LCH) were investigated in matrinxa Brycon amazonicus, a non-target freshwater teleost. The fish were submitted to a single-pulse exposure (10% of LC50; 96 h, 0.65 μg L-1), followed by 7 days of recovery in clean water. Hematologic parameters indicated impairments in oxygen transport, which were not recovered. Plasma [Na+], [Cl-], and protein were diminished, and only [Na+] remained low after recovery. Gill Na+/K+ATPase activity was increased and recovered to basal values. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity was not responsive to LCH. Liver ascorbic acid concentration was not altered, and reduced glutathione levels remained augmented even after recovery. LCH inhibited hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, while glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities were steady. After recovery, SOD remained low, and GPx was augmented. Liver depicted lipid peroxidation, which was not observed after recovery. Hepatic morphology was affected by LCH and was not completely recovered. These responses, combined with the persistence of changes even after recovery span, clearly show the feasibility of these biomarkers in evaluating LCH toxic potential to non-target organisms, highlighting the importance of pyrethroids' responsible use.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Venturini
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - F D de Moraes
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - P A Rossi
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - I M Avilez
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - N S Shiogiri
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - G Moraes
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
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de Lima Cardoso R, Carvalho-Neta RNF, de Castro ACL, Ferreira CFC, Silva MHL, de Jesus Azevedo JW, Sobrinho JRSC, Santos DMS. Histological and Genotoxic Biomarkers in Prochilodus lacustris (Pisces, Prochilodontidae) for Environmental Assessment in a Protected Area in the Northeast of Brazil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 101:570-579. [PMID: 30350121 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The quality of aquatic environments all around the world is being altered by different human activities that represent direct threat to the ecological system and the aquatic biota. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of histological and genotoxic alterations in Prochilodus lacustris as indicators of anthropic impacts in a lacustrine environment in northeast Brazil. The histological alterations were evaluated using the histological alteration index, and the genotoxic alterations were detected using the micronuclei test, at three sampling stations (S1, S2 and S3). The gills presented lesions with three stages of severity, with mild lesions more frequent in the specimens collected at station S1. Mild hepatic tissue lesions were the most frequent type in both areas. Micronucleus analysis showed that station S3 was the most affected. The biological responses observed indicated that the fish are under influence of environmental changes. It is important to highlight that the organisms collected at station S3 had a more compromised health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayssa de Lima Cardoso
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Avenue Three March, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Raimunda Nonata Fortes Carvalho-Neta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Leal de Castro
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Cássia Fernanda Chagas Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Lopes Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biodority and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon (BIONORTE), Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - James Werllen de Jesus Azevedo
- Department of Oceanography and Limnology, Federal University of Maranhão (Ufma), Avenue of Portugueses, 1966, Vila Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - João Reis Salgado Costa Sobrinho
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Soil Chemistry Laboratory, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Débora Martins Silva Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Postgraduate Program in Aquatic Resources and Fisheries, State University of Maranhão (Uema), University City Paulo VI s/n, Cidade Operária, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Gore AV, Rohner N, Rétaux S, Jeffery WR. Seeing a bright future for a blind fish. Dev Biol 2018; 441:207-208. [PMID: 30166000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniket V Gore
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, United States; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States
| | - Sylvie Rétaux
- DECA group, Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience,UMR 9197, CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - William R Jeffery
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland,College Park, MD 20742, United States
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Gerber R, Smit NJ, van Vuren JHJ, Ikenaka Y, Wepener V. Biomarkers in tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus) as indicators of metal and organic pollution in ecologically sensitive subtropical rivers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 157:307-317. [PMID: 29627415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown high levels of contamination of both metals and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in aquatic systems of the world renowned Kruger National Park, South Africa. With effects evident in top predators, including, unexplained Crocodylus niloticus deaths and organ level and histological changes in Hydrocynus vittatus. A suite of biomarkers reflecting exposure and were selected to evaluate biological responses of H. vittatus to anthropogenic stressors as well as to evaluate whether the chosen suite of biomarkers could successfully distinguish between the different pollution profiles present in the selected rivers. During this study a clear relationship was found between exposure to environmental contaminants and the concomitant responses of H. vittatus to these stressors. The ensuing biomarker responses indicated that there is a physiological attempt to deal with, and mitigate the deleterious effects that metals and OCPs may induce. In the Luvuvhu River there is a clear indication in H. vittatus of the stimulation of anti-oxidant protective mechanisms in response to internal OCP exposure. This is reflected by the increasing cytochrome P-450, superoxide dismutase, and more specifically reduced glutathione, which resulted in decreased lipid and protein breakdown (reflected in decreased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels). Consequently H. vittatus populations of the Luvuvhu River are under greater cumulative stress and this is reflected in the lower energy budgets. Our results further show the integrated application value of the current suite of biomarkers in assessing responses of subtropical fish to metal and OCP exposure as the entire suite of biomarkers when used in conjunction were able to explain 100% of the variation in the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gerber
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - N J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Johan H J van Vuren
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Y Ikenaka
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Victor Wepener
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
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Bedoya-Serna CM, Michelin EC, Massocco MM, Carrion LCS, Godoy SHS, Lima CG, Ceccarelli PS, Yasui GS, Rottinghaus GE, Sousa RLM, Fernandes AM. Effects of dietary aflatoxin B1 on accumulation and performance in matrinxã fish (Brycon cephalus). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201812. [PMID: 30089140 PMCID: PMC6082536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) can be cumulative in fish tissues and can influence weight, length, feed intake and survival depending on the species. The aim of this work is to measure performance and aflatoxin levels in tissues of matrinxã (Brycon cephalus) fish chronically exposed to aflatoxin. Aflatoxin was incorporated into fish diets at the following levels: Control Feed + 0 μg AFB1 kg-1; A. Feed + 10 μg AFB1 kg-1; B. Feed + 20 μg AFB1 kg-1; C. Feed + 50 μg AFB1 kg-1. It was used one tank per treatment, each one with 150 juvenile fish, and three replicates within each tank were used for sampling, that was carried out monthly over a period of six months. Aflatoxin was quantified by HPLC in fish liver and muscle after clean up using immunoaffinity columns. Performance was evaluated by using weight, length, consumption and survival rate. Muscle and liver aflatoxin levels were below the limit of detection in all control samples. Aflatoxins B2, G1 and G2 were not detected in any tissues. Traces (values between limits of detection and quantification) of AFB1 were observed in liver tissue in treatment A from day 30 through 90, reaching 0.32 μg AFB1 kg-1 at 150 days of exposure. Treatment B presented traces up to day 60 and had, with a maximum level of 0.39 μg AFB1 kg-1 at 150 days of exposure. Treatment C had aflatoxin residues after day 30, with values ranging from 0.17 to 0.61 μg AFB1 kg-1 during exposure. Muscle samples only had traces of AFB1 in all treatments. Fish was affected by exposure to AFB1 with higher values (P<0.05) for weight and length in treatments A, B and C relative to controls. Therefore, results indicate that matrinxã do not accumulate AFB1 residues in edible tissues, but chronic exposure affects the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M. Bedoya-Serna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Euder C. Michelin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina M. Massocco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas C. S. Carrion
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia H. S. Godoy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar G. Lima
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo S. Ceccarelli
- Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation - ICMBio, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George S. Yasui
- Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation - ICMBio, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George E. Rottinghaus
- Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ricardo L. M. Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrezza M. Fernandes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo - USP, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
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do Carmo TLL, Azevedo VC, de Siqueira PR, Galvão TD, Dos Santos FA, Dos Reis Martinez CB, Appoloni CR, Fernandes MN. Reactive oxygen species and other biochemical and morphological biomarkers in the gills and kidneys of the Neotropical freshwater fish, Prochilodus lineatus, exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:22963-22976. [PMID: 29858996 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the action of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs), on the gills and kidneys of Neotropical freshwater fish, Prochilodus lineatus, with emphasis on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant responses, and morphological changes. Fish were exposed to 1, 5, 10, and 50 mg L-1 nominal TiO2-NPs suspended into water for 2 or 14 days. In gills, ROS decreased and glutathione (GSH) increased after 2 days, while ROS and GSH increased and superoxide dismutase activity decreased after 14 days. In kidneys, GSH and lipoperoxidation increased after 2 days and catalase activity decreased after 14 days. Common histopathologies in gills were epithelium hyperplasia, cellular hypertrophy, proliferation of mitochondria-rich cells (MRC), and lamellar stasis; in kidneys, there were cellular and nuclear hypertrophy, focal tubule degeneration, necrosis, and melanomacrophage (MM) proliferation. Although environmentally unlikely, high-dose exposures clarified biological effects of TiO2-NPs, such as ROS formation and MRC responses in the gills, which may impair ionic balance. It was also found that MM are likely responsible for eliminating NPs in the kidney. These findings will help to regulate TiO2-NP disposal, but longer-term studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Laurie Lustosa do Carmo
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Cavicchioli Azevedo
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Priscila Rodrigues de Siqueira
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Tiago Dutra Galvão
- Physics Department, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid | Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, PR, 86055-900, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Aparecido Dos Santos
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, SP, 13566-970, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Physiological Sciences Department, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid | Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, PR, 86055-990, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Appoloni
- Physics Department, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid | Pr 445 Km 380, Londrina, PR, 86055-900, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Carmo TLL, Azevedo VC, Siqueira PR, Galvão TD, Santos FA, Martinez CBR, Appoloni CR, Fernandes MN. Mitochondria-rich cells adjustments and ionic balance in the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 200:168-177. [PMID: 29772474 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Manufactured titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) have been intensely applied in numerous industrial products and may be a risk for aquatic systems as they are not completely removed from domestic and industrial wastes after water treatment. This study evaluated the osmo- and ionic balance, Na+/K+-ATPase, H+-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase activities and the mitochondria-rich cells (MRC) in the gills and kidney of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus after 2 (acute) and 14 (subchronic) days of exposure to nominal 0, 1, 5, 10 and 50 mg L-1 TiO2-NP. The nominal concentrations corresponded to 0.0, 0.6, 1.6, 2.7 and 18.1 mg L-1 suspended TiO2-NP, respectively, in the water column one hour after NP introduction and were maintained for at least 24 h. Acute exposure to TiO2-NP decreased plasma osmolality and Ca2+ levels. Na+/K+-ATPase, H+-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase activities were inhibited in the gills, but not in the kidney. Total MRC density did not change in gills and kidneys. At gill surface, total MRC density decreased in fish exposed to 50 mg L-1 TiO2-NP and the total MRC fractional surface area unchanged although, there were some changes in the fractional area of MRC with apical microvilli (MRCm) and MRC with apical sponge-like structure (MRCs). MRCm was more abundant than MRCs. After subchronic exposure, there was no change in plasma osmolality, ionic balance and enzyme activities. Total gill MRC density increased in the filament epithelium and renal tubules. In the gills, MRC contacting water exhibited some adjustments. Total MRC and fractional surface area unchanged, but there was an increase of MRCs contacting water at gill surface after exposure to10 and 50 mg L-1 TiO2-NP. MRC proliferation in filament epithelium and in renal tubules as well as the increasing MRCs at gill surface may have contributed to avoid change in plasma osmolality, ionic balance and enzyme activities and suggested a cellular physiological and morphological response to restore and maintain osmotic and ionic homeostasis after subchronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita L L Carmo
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Vinícius C Azevedo
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Priscila R Siqueira
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Tiago D Galvão
- Physics Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86055-900, Brazil
| | - Fabrício A Santos
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-970, Brazil
| | - Cláudia B R Martinez
- Physiological Sciences Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86055-990, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Appoloni
- Physics Department, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86055-900, Brazil
| | - Marisa N Fernandes
- Physiological Sciences Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Santos C, de Oliveira MT, Cólus IMDS, Sofia SH, Martinez CBDR. Expression of cyp1a induced by benzo(A)pyrene and related biochemical and genotoxic biomarkers in the neotropical freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 61:30-37. [PMID: 29843052 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to design specific cyp1a primers for the fish Prochilodus lineatus to study the expression of this gene and its relation to the activity of biotransformation phase I enzyme (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase - EROD) and genotoxic damage after 6 and 24 h of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) intraperitoneal injection. In comparison to fish injected only with canola oil (vehicle), the expression of cyp1a and EROD activity both in the liver and gills were significantly higher after 6 and 24 h of B(a)P injection. A significant increase in DNA damage was detected in liver and blood cells after 6 h of B(a)P injection and in the gill cells after both times, probably caused by intermediate metabolites of B(a)P. Thus, the expression of cyp1a and its relationship with the corresponding enzyme activity is a potential biomarker for evaluation P. lineatus exposure to organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil; Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tempesta de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Silvia Helena Sofia
- Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina, Parana, 86057-970, Brazil.
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Lunardelli B, Cabral MT, Vieira CED, Oliveira LF, Risso WE, Meletti PC, Martinez CBR. Chromium accumulation and biomarker responses in the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus caged in a river under the influence of tannery activities. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 153:188-194. [PMID: 29433087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the effects of tannery effluents (TE) in organism health, juveniles of Prochilodus lineatus were submitted to in situ tests at four different river locations: site A - upstream of the tannery; site B - next to the tannery; and sites C and D - downstream of the tannery. After 96 h exposure in the river, samples of fish tissue, river water and sediment were collected in order to quantify chromium (Cr) concentrations. Tissue samples were used to assess the activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), the content of glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) and the occurrence of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and DNA damage. Higher Cr concentrations were detected in the water and sediments from site B and in the liver of fish confined at site B, compared to the other sites. Fish caged at site B demonstrated higher levels of liver MT and hepatic EROD activity in relation to fish caged at the other sites. Moreover, fish from site B presented increased liver and branchial GST activities, as well as more GSH in the liver, than fish from site A. There were no significant variations in the occurrence of LPO and DNA damage among fish caged at the different sites. Thus, TE increased Cr levels in the water, sediments, and fish livers and stimulated the synthesis of MT and GSH and the activities of EROD and GST. In conclusion, TE affect the quality of the river and promote changes in biochemical biomarkers and Cr accumulation in P. lineatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Lunardelli
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Millena T Cabral
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Carlos E D Vieira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Luciana F Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Wagner E Risso
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Paulo C Meletti
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Claudia B R Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 10011, CEP: 86057-970 Londrina, Paraná, Brasil.
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da Silva RDC, Grötzner SR, Moura Costa DD, Garcia JRE, Muelbert J, de Magalhães VF, Filipak Neto F, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA. Comparative bioaccumulation and effects of purified and cellular extract of cylindrospermopsin to freshwater fish Hoplias malabaricus. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2018; 81:620-632. [PMID: 29764335 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1469101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many tropical freshwater ecosystems are impacted by cyanobacteria blooms increasing the risk of cyanotoxins exposure to aquatic organisms while human populations may be exposed by eating fish, drinking water, or dermal swimming. However, few toxicological data are available on the influence of cyanobacteria blooms in particular, cylindrospermopsin (CYN) on Brazilian neotropical fish. A number of studies demonstrated the ability of CYN to bioaccumulate in freshwater organisms and consequently enter the human food chain. The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of CYN following single intraperitoneal injection (50 µg/kg) of purified CYN (CYNp) or aqueous extract of CYN-producing cyanobacteria extract (CYNex) after 7 or 14 days. Biomarkers such as histopathology (liver), oxidative stress (liver and brain), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity (muscle and brain) were utilized in order to assess the influence of CYN on Hoplias malabaricus. In terms of AChE activity, administration of CYNex and CYNp both muscle and brains were used as target tissues. In brain an increase of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels was noted suggesting an imbalance in redox cycling. The majority of biomarkers did not present significant alterations in liver, but an elevation in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities was found. Different profiles of GST activity were observed in both studied groups (CYNex and CYNp) while LPO (CYNex and CYNp) and protein carbonylation (PCO) (CYNp) levels increased after exposure to CYN. The incidence of necrosis, melanomacrophages centers, and free melanomacrophages were detected as evidence of cell death and immune responses. Nonprotein thiols (NPT) levels were not markedly affected in both exposed groups. Data demonstrated that in vivo exposure to CYN produced biochemical and morphological disturbances in liver and brain of H. malabaricus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo de Cássio da Silva
- a Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética , Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa , Ponta Grossa , Brasil
| | - Sonia Regina Grötzner
- b Departamento de Biologia Celular , Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx , Curitiba , Brasil
| | | | | | - Juan Muelbert
- c Estação de Piscicultura Panamá , Paulo Lopes , Brazil
| | - Valéria Freitas de Magalhães
- d Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- b Departamento de Biologia Celular , Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx , Curitiba , Brasil
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Vieira JCS, Braga CP, de Oliveira G, Padilha CDCF, de Moraes PM, Zara LF, Leite ADL, Buzalaf MAR, Padilha PDM. Mercury Exposure: Protein Biomarkers of Mercury Exposure in Jaraqui Fish from the Amazon Region. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 183:164-171. [PMID: 28828596 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study presents data on the extraction and characterization of proteins associated with mercury in the muscle and liver tissues of jaraqui (Semaprochilodus spp.) from the Madeira River in the Brazilian Amazon. Protein fractionation was carried out by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Mercury determination in tissues, pellets, and protein spots was performed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). Proteins in the spots that showed mercury were characterized by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The highest mercury concentrations were found in liver tissues and pellets (426 ± 6 and 277 ± 4 μg kg-1), followed by muscle tissues and pellets (132 ± 4 and 86 ± 1 μg kg-1, respectively). Mercury quantification in the protein spots allowed us to propose stoichiometric ratios in the range of 1-4 mercury atoms per molecule of protein in the protein spots. The proteins characterized in the analysis by ESI-MS/MS were keratin, type II cytoskeletal 8, parvalbumin beta, parvalbumin-2, ubiquitin-40S ribosomal S27a, 39S ribosomal protein L36 mitochondrial, hemoglobin subunit beta, and hemoglobin subunit beta-A/B. The results suggest that proteins such as ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a, which have specific domains, possibly zinc finger, can be used as biomarkers of mercury, whereas mercury and zinc present characteristics of soft acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cavalcante Souza Vieira
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Braga
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Martin de Moraes
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pedro de Magalhães Padilha
- Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-970, Brazil
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Vieira CED, Pérez MR, Acayaba RD, Raimundo CCM, Dos Reis Martinez CB. DNA damage and oxidative stress induced by imidacloprid exposure in different tissues of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus. Chemosphere 2018; 195:125-134. [PMID: 29268171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI), a systemic neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in worldwide scale, is reported in freshwater bodies. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information about IMI sublethal effects on freshwater fish. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the potential hazard of this insecticide to the South American fish Prochilodus lineatus exposed for 120 h to four IMI concentrations (1.25, 12.5, 125, and 1250 μg L-1). A set of biochemical, genotoxic and physiological biomarkers were evaluated in different organs of the fish. IMI exposure induced significant changes in the enzymatic profiles of P. lineatus, with alterations in the activity of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in different tissues. Redox balance of the tissues was affected, since oxidative damage such as lipoperoxidation (LPO) and protein carbonylation (PCC) were evidenced in the liver, gills, kidney and brain of fish exposed to different IMI concentrations. Fish exposed to all IMI concentrations showed decreased blood glucose indicating an increase of energetic demand. DNA damage was evidenced by the comet test, in the erythrocytes of fish all the concentrations evaluated. We integrated these results in the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index, which evidenced that the organs most affected by IMI exposure were the liver and kidney, followed by the gills. Our results highlight the importance of investigating different target tissues after IMI exposure and show the sublethal effects of IMI in some of them; they also warn to the possible consequences that fish living in freshwater ecosystems can suffer due to IMI exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Delfino Vieira
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Maria Rita Pérez
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raphael D'Anna Acayaba
- Laboratório de Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidade de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Bueno Dos Reis Martinez
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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Santos-Silva TG, Montagner CC, Martinez CBR. Evaluation of caffeine effects on biochemical and genotoxic biomarkers in the neotropical freshwater teleost Prochilodus lineatus. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 58:237-242. [PMID: 29438913 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is often found in aquatic environments, leading to concerns regarding its adverse consequences for aquatic biota. Biochemical and genotoxic biomarkers were analysed in juveniles of Prochilodus lineatus to evaluate the effects of caffeine. Fish were exposed to caffeine (0.3, 3 and 30 μg L-1) for either 24 h or 168 h. Longer exposure to caffeine resulted in a significant reduction in the activity of the phase I biotransformation enzyme ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in the brain but a significant increase in the liver. Changes in glutathione content (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and lipid peroxidation were not found in the liver and brain of fish exposed to caffeine. DNA damage in erythrocytes were also not found. These results show that caffeine may interfere with the biotransformation mechanism of P. lineatus after 168 h exposure, but it does not generate sufficient changes to trigger a state of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais G Santos-Silva
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Laboratório de Química Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia B R Martinez
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Monteiro DA, Selistre-de-Araújo HS, Tavares D, Fernandes MN, Kalinin AL, Rantin FT. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a Disintegrin-Like Cys-Rich Protein Isolated from the Venom of the Snake Rhinocerophis alternatus, Stimulates Angiogenesis and Antioxidant Defenses in the Liver of Freshwater Fish, Hoplias malabaricus. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9100307. [PMID: 28956818 PMCID: PMC5666354 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C) is a disintegrin-like protein isolated from Rhinocerophis alternatus snake venom, which induces endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic effects of a single dose of alternagin-C (0.5 mg·kg−1, via intra-arterial) on oxidative stress biomarkers, histological alterations, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, and the degree of vascularization in the liver of the freshwater fish traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, seven days after the initiation of therapy. ALT-C treatment increased VEGF levels and hepatic angiogenesis. ALT-C also enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, decreasing the basal oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in the fish liver. These results indicate that ALT-C improved hepatic tissue and may play a crucial role in tissue regeneration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amaral Monteiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | | | - Driele Tavares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lúcia Kalinin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Tadeu Rantin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
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