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Bussons INB, Sousa EDS, Aride PHR, Duncan WLP, Pantoja-Lima J, Furuya WM, Oliveira ATD, Bussons MRFM, Faggio C. Growth performance, hematological responses and economic indexes of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) fed graded levels of glycerol. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109122. [PMID: 34237425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance, hematological responses and economic indicators of juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum fed different levels of partial replacement of corn by glycerol (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The experiment was conducted for 90 days in the production of aquatic organisms lab at the Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Brazil, in a completely randomized design, and consisted of four treatments, four repetitions and two sampling times. In total, 240 juveniles were used with initial average weight and standard length of 15.32 ± 1,61 g and 8.03 ± 0.22 cm, respectively. The fish were maintained in twenty 310 L water tanks that had a closed system with no reuse, continuous aeration, siphoning and replacement of water every 48 h. Feeding was twice a day with the experimental diets, which contained 28% crude protein. The following parameters were considered: zootechnical checks (weight gain + survival %), welfare (health) (hepatosomatic index + condition factor + viscerosomatic index), economic (Economic efficiency rate + economic profitability index) and hematology (hematology + metabolites + ions). The results of the study show that diets for juvenile tambaqui can contain up to 50% replacement of corn by glycerol without compromising the fishes' development under the conditions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurych Nicolau Barros Bussons
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science and Fishery Resources, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - FAS, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, 69067-005 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Dona Branca Farm, BR 101, km 211, South direction, 28860-000, Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elcimar da Silva Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Aquaculture, Nilton Lins University, Av. Nilton Lins, 3259, 69058-030 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Manaus Centtro, Av. 7 de setembro, 1975, 69020-120 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wallice Luiz Paxiúba Duncan
- Functional Morphology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Av. Gal Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, 69067-005, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jackson Pantoja-Lima
- Federal Institute of Eduction, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Presidente Figueiredo, Av. Onça Pintada, 1308, 69735-000 Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Wilson Massamitu Furuya
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. Gal. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Campus Manaus Centtro, Av. 7 de setembro, 1975, 69020-120 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, S. Agata, Messina, Italy.
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Zanella BTT, Magiore IC, Duran BOS, Pereira GG, Vicente IST, Carvalho PLPF, Salomão RAS, Mareco EA, Carvalho RF, de Paula TG, Barros MM, Dal-Pai-Silva M. Ascorbic Acid Supplementation Improves Skeletal Muscle Growth in Pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus) Juveniles: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2995. [PMID: 33804272 PMCID: PMC7998472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In fish, fasting leads to loss of muscle mass. This condition triggers oxidative stress, and therefore, antioxidants can be an alternative to muscle recovery. We investigated the effects of antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) on the morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression in the skeletal muscle of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) following fasting, using in vitro and in vivo strategies. Isolated muscle cells of the pacu were subjected to 72 h of nutrient restriction, followed by 24 h of incubation with nutrients or nutrients and AA (200 µM). Fish were fasted for 15 days, followed by 6 h and 15 and 30 days of refeeding with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of AA supplementation. AA addition increased cell diameter and the expression of anabolic and cell proliferation genes in vitro. In vivo, 400 mg/kg of AA increased anabolic and proliferative genes expression at 6 h of refeeding, the fiber diameter and the expression of genes related to cell proliferation at 15 days, and the expression of catabolic and oxidative metabolism genes at 30 days. Catalase activity remained low in the higher supplementation group. In conclusion, AA directly affected the isolated muscle cells, and the higher AA supplementation positively influenced muscle growth after fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Tereza Thomazini Zanella
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
| | - Isabele Cristina Magiore
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
| | - Bruno Oliveira Silva Duran
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia 74690-900, Goiás, Brazil;
| | - Guilherme Gutierrez Pereira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
| | - Igor Simões Tiagua Vicente
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-681, São Paulo, Brazil; (I.S.T.V.); (P.L.P.F.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Pedro Luiz Pucci Figueiredo Carvalho
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-681, São Paulo, Brazil; (I.S.T.V.); (P.L.P.F.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Rondinelle Artur Simões Salomão
- Environment and Regional Development Graduate Program, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente 19050-680, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.A.S.S.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Edson Assunção Mareco
- Environment and Regional Development Graduate Program, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente 19050-680, São Paulo, Brazil; (R.A.S.S.); (E.A.M.)
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
| | - Tassiana Gutierrez de Paula
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
| | - Margarida Maria Barros
- Department of Breeding and Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-681, São Paulo, Brazil; (I.S.T.V.); (P.L.P.F.C.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.T.T.Z.); (I.C.M.); (G.G.P.); (R.F.C.); (T.G.d.P.)
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, da Silva JA, Barroso DC, Glória EM, Baldisserotto B, Val AL. Dietary exposure to ochratoxin A reduces growth performance and impairs hepatic purinergic signaling in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:2055-2064. [PMID: 32770302 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The practice of replacing costly animal-derived proteins with more economical plant proteins has augmented the risk of mycotoxin contamination in fish feeds, including contamination with ochratoxin A (OTA). OTA is a secondary metabolite produced by molds commonly found in fish feeds that causes impairment of performance in several fish species and some hepatic biochemical alterations. However, the pathways involved in hepatic damage remain unknown and are limited to histopathological alterations. Purinergic signaling is a homeostatic system that continuously monitors the internal environment to detect injury primarily by two intercellular messengers: adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado). The objective of this study was to determine whether OTA-contaminated feed induces the release of nucleotides in the extracellular milieu, as well as whether ectoenzymes modulate ATP pro-inflammatory effects in liver of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Final mean weight, weight gain (WG), and liver weight were significantly lower in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed than in the control group. Liver ATP and Ado levels were significantly higher in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed compared with control, while no significant difference was observed regarding adenosine diphosphate and adenosine monophosphate levels. Hepatic triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) activity (for ATP) was significantly greater in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed compared with control, while adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was lower. No significant difference was observed with respect to hepatic NTPDase activity (for ADP) or for 5'-nucleotidase activity. Finally, levels of liver metabolites of nitric oxide were significantly higher in tambaqui fed feeds containing 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed than in the control group. Based on these data, exposure to 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg feed impaired tambaqui growth performance associated with final mean weight and WG. Levels of two important intercellular messengers, ATP and Ado, increased in the extracellular space as a consequence of hepatic damage, exerting opposite immune responses. Finally, liver NTPDase and ADA activities were altered to modulate ATP and Ado levels, respectively, exerting anti-inflammatory effects to counteract OTA-induced hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A da Silva
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Barroso
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Glória
- Laboratório de Micologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Sanches PV, Gogola TM, Silva RO, Topan DA, Dos Santos Picapedra PH, Piana PA. Arms as areas for larval development of migratory fish species in a Neotropical reservoir and the influence of rainfall over abundances. J Fish Biol 2020; 97:1306-1316. [PMID: 32725675 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to verify the use of the arms of the Itaipu Reservoir as areas of initial development for migratory fish species and to assess the relationship between rainfall and the spawning of migratory fish. Accordingly, fish larvae were collected from five arms of the reservoir from 2009 to 2016 using 0.5 mm plankton nets. Density was standardized as the number of larvae per 10 m3 filtered water, and the captured larval and juvenile specimens were identified at the lowest-possible taxonomic level. The larvae were also classified according to the degree of development and notochord flexion stage: larval vitelline, pre-flexion, flexion and post-flexion. To evaluate the distribution of larval abundance and the developmental stage along the longitudinal gradients of the arms, the data were evaluated using a set of nested linear models, following the AIC and Bayesian information criteria. In addition, an analysis of covariance was performed to investigate the influence of rainfall on the larval abundance of migratory species. During sampling, several species of economic and conservation interest such as Salminus brasiliensis and Pseudoplatystoma corruscans were collected. The larvae of the migratory fish taxa were captured from all sampled arms, which indicate them as areas of initial development. Nevertheless, it was observed that larval density increases from fluvial towards lacustrine zones inside the arms. Also, the present study verified that species, even in lentic environments, respond positively to rainfall stimuli in a manner similar to that exhibited by conspecifics in lotic environments. Such results reinforce the necessity of the protection of arms aiming at the conservation of this main group of species impaired by the construction of dams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Vanderlei Sanches
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
- Research Group on Fishery Resources and Limnology (GERPEL), Neotropical Institute for Environmental Research (INEO), Toledo, Brazil
- Undergraduate in Fisheries Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Mary Gogola
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
- Research Group on Fishery Resources and Limnology (GERPEL), Neotropical Institute for Environmental Research (INEO), Toledo, Brazil
- Undergraduate in Fisheries Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Olimpio Silva
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
| | - Dhyego Amilton Topan
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Henrique Dos Santos Picapedra
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
- National Postdoctoral Program, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Brazil
| | - Pitágoras Augusto Piana
- Graduate Program in Fishery Resources and Fishing Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
- Research Group on Fishery Resources and Limnology (GERPEL), Neotropical Institute for Environmental Research (INEO), Toledo, Brazil
- Undergraduate in Fisheries Engineering, Engineering and Exact Sciences Center, State University of Western Paraná, Toledo, Brazil
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, da Silva JA, Barroso DC, Glória EM, Mesadri J, Wagner R, Baldisserotto B, Val AL. Dietary ochratoxin A (OTA) decreases growth performance and impairs muscle antioxidant system and meat fatty acid profiles in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 236:108803. [PMID: 32470455 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based ingredients are successfully replacing fishmeal in fish feeds. However, this practice increases the risk of feed contamination by mycotoxins that reduce production and heath associated with oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether feed contaminated with environmentally relevant concentrations of ochratoxin A (OTA) causes muscle oxidative damage in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), and to determine whether this feed impairs fatty acid profiles in fish meat. Final mean weight, weight gain, daily weight gain, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate were significantly lower in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those fed basal diet, while feed conversion was significantly higher in these same groups compared to the basal group. Levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in muscle were significantly higher in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those in the basal group. Likewise, muscle superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly higher in fish fed 1.6 and 2.4 mg OTA/kg then in those fed basal feed. The total content of saturated fatty acids was significantly higher, and total content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower in fish fed 2.4 mg OTA/kg compared to those fed basal feed. Taken together, the data suggest that OTA-contaminated feed induces oxidative damage and disturbs enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses in tambaqui meat. The perturbations of fatty acid profiles in fish meat appears to mediated by oxidative damage, representing negative impact on fish health and presenting concerns for consumers of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A da Silva
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Barroso
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Mesadri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- LEEM-Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Dos Santos JA, Soares CM, Bialetzki A. Effects of pH on the incubation and early development of fish species with different reproductive strategies. Aquat Toxicol 2020; 219:105382. [PMID: 31865068 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish reproduction in natural environments tends to occur in conditions, including extreme pH values, ideal for the survival of offspring. In this context, the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of pH on both survival and early development of two fish species, Astyanax lacustris (short-distance migrating fish) and Piaractus mesopotamicus (long-distance migrating fish), with different reproductive strategies. Our experiments were divided into two tests (incubation and larviculture) at five pH levels. First was incubation through a water recirculation system using 2 L incubators followed by larviculture using a 2.5 L aquarium. pH had no influence on the hatching rate of A. lacustris eggs, but affected the yolk-sac diameter, while the newly-hatched larvae had some skeletal disorders. For P. mesopotamicus, pH influenced the hatching rate and perivitelline space, while the newly-hatched larvae had several skeletal disorders. The larviculture of A. lacustris revealed no effect on the survival rate, but the analyzed morphometric variables indicated significant differences between the treatments. An acidic pH negatively influenced the survival rate of P. mesopotamicus, and all morphometric variables also varied significantly between the treatments. We concluded that both the survival and development of A. lacustris and P. mesopotamicus revealed different responses at pH levels during incubation and larviculture tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Andreia Dos Santos
- Núcleo De Pesquisas Em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPÉLIA, Laboratório De Ictioplâncton, Universidade Estadual De Maringá - UEM, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G-80, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil; Programa De Pós-graduação Em Ecologia De Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Departamento De Biologia, Universidade Estadual De Maringá - UEM, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G-80, Sala 12, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87900-020, Maringá, PR, Brazil; Programa De Pós-graduação Em Ecologia - UFJF, Instituto De Ciências Biológicas - ICB, Campus Universitário, Bairro São Pedro, CEP 36036-900, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Claudemir Martins Soares
- Núcleo De Pesquisas Em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPÉLIA, Laboratório De Ictioplâncton, Universidade Estadual De Maringá - UEM, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G-80, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Bialetzki
- Núcleo De Pesquisas Em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura - NUPÉLIA, Laboratório De Ictioplâncton, Universidade Estadual De Maringá - UEM, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G-80, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil; Programa De Pós-graduação Em Ecologia De Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais - PEA, Departamento De Biologia, Universidade Estadual De Maringá - UEM, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G-80, Sala 12, Jardim Universitário, CEP 87900-020, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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Rocha MSA, Silva RC, Santos JCE, Schorer M, Nascimento MP, Pedreira MM. Comparative larval ontogeny of two fish species (Characiformes and Siluriformes) endemic to the São Francisco River in Brazil. J Fish Biol 2020; 96:49-58. [PMID: 31648365 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform comparative histological analyses of the ontogenetic development of two fish species endemic to the São Francisco River in Brazil: Prochilodus argenteus and Lophiosilurus alexandri. Histological analyses were performed every 24 h from the moment of hatching until 14 days post-hatching (dph) for the observation of larval development and until 39 dph for the observation of gonadal development. Whole larvae were fixed in Bouin's solution and the histological slides were stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had a larger body size compared with P. argenteus larvae since hatching. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had mouth opening and pigmentation of the eyes upon hatching, whereas these events were observed at 1 dph in P. argenteus larvae. The visualisation and the inflation of the swim bladder occurred at 1 and 3 dph, respectively, in the P. argenteus, whereas these events occurred at 2 and 8 dph, respectively, in L. alexandri. Yolk granules were absorbed at 4 dph in P. argenteus and the 10 dph in L. alexandri. At 7 dph, the digestive tube was more differentiated in L. alexandri than P. argenteus and at 14 dph, the digestive system of both species had features of their eating habits: broad stomach and short intestine in L. alexandri, typical of carnivorous habits; stomach with a mechanical function and long intestine in P. argenteus, typical of detritivorous habits. The epithelial lining tissue, formed by a single layer of cells in the newly hatched larvae (0 dph), differentiated throughout the study, exhibiting scales in P. argenteus and numerous club cells in the middle epithelial region of L. alexandri at 39 dph. Undifferentiated gonads with somatic cells and primordial germ cells were observed at 39 dph, with caudal-cranial migration since 1 dph in both species. The anatomic changes during the ontogeny of P. argenteus and L. alexandri larvae are directly associated with the evolutionary history of each species, which explains their feeding habits, behaviour and distribution in the environment: Prochilodus argenteus is detritivorous and actively swims in the water column, whereas L. alexandri is carnivorous and inhabits bottom regions. At 39 dph neither species exhibited sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra S A Rocha
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Robson C Silva
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - José C E Santos
- Companhia do Desenvolvimento dos Vales do São Francisco e do Parnaíba (CODEVASF), Três Marias, Brazil
| | - Marianne Schorer
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria P Nascimento
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Pedreira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
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Aguiar JDP, Fazzi-Gomes PF, Hamoy IG, Dos Santos SE, Sampaio I. Tracing individuals and populations of the tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818), from Brazilian hatcheries using microsatellite markers. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:2998-3004. [PMID: 30478936 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, tracing of alimentary produce of animal origin has become increasingly important, for economic, food safety and ecological reasons. The tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the native fish most farmed in Brazil. The reliable identification of the origin of tambaquis (wild or farmed) offered for sale to the general public has become necessary to satisfy regulatory norms and uphold consumer confidence. Molecular methods based on the analysis of DNA sequences have often been used to evaluate the potential for tracing farmed fish, given their reliability and precision. RESULTS Full likelihood and Bayesian approaches proved to be the most efficient for the identification, respectively, of individuals and populations for most of the fish sampled from seven hatcheries and one wild stock. The exclusion method and genetic distances were the least effective approaches for the identification of individuals and populations. The Bayesian method identified correctly more than 99% of the fry from most stocks, except those of the Santarém hatchery and River Amazon wild stock, which presented the best results for individual identification. CONCLUSIONS The identification of populations was effective for most hatcheries, although the identification of individuals from most stocks was hampered by the reduced genetic variability. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas da Paz Aguiar
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paola F Fazzi-Gomes
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Institute of Socio-environmental Studies and Hydrological Resources, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil
| | - Igor G Hamoy
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Institute of Socio-environmental Studies and Hydrological Resources, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney Eb Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Coastal Studies, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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9
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Paschoalini AL, Savassi LA, Arantes FP, Rizzo E, Bazzoli N. Heavy metals accumulation and endocrine disruption in Prochilodus argenteus from a polluted neotropical river. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 169:539-550. [PMID: 30476816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered major pollutants of aquatic environments due to the difficulty of metabolization and the bioaccumulative potential in tissues of aquatic organisms, especially fish muscle that is often used as food worldwide. In addition to causing cell damage, some metals such as aluminium (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish. The Paraopeba and Abaete Rivers are important tributaries of the upper São Francisco River basin, but the Paraopeba River receives, along its course, the discharge of many types of effluents that affect fish species, including widely consumed species such as Prochilodus argenteus. This study evaluated histological and molecular changes caused by chronic exposure to heavy metals in P. argenteus from the Paraopeba River and compared this to fish from the non-impacted Abaete River. Sampled fish from both rivers were used in histological analyses and immunohistochemical assays. The results showed increased incidence of histopathologies and changes in number and morphology of germline cells in both sexes. In addition, up-regulated expression of oestrogens-induced proteins in the liver of males were detected in polluted environment. All the alterations were related to the concentration of metals in water and fish. The high concentration of various metals observed in water and fish from Paraopeba River serves as an alert to the environmental and public health regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Paschoalini
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L A Savassi
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F P Arantes
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - E Rizzo
- Morphology department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - N Bazzoli
- Post-Graduate Program in Vertebrate Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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10
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Neumann E, Paes MCF, Mendes JMR, Braga FMS, Nakaghi LSO. Larval development of Brycon amazonicus (Teleostei, Bryconidae) with a focus on locomotory, respiratory and feeding structures. J Fish Biol 2018; 93:1141-1150. [PMID: 30306569 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we describe the larval development of Brycon amazonicus, with emphasis on structures linked to swimming, respiration and feeding. We monitored from larval hatching (13 h post-fertilization) to juvenile stage. Formation of the oral cavity and differentiation of gill arches began within 4 h post-hatching (hph) and within 11 hph the primordium of the pectoral fin appeared. At 25 hph, the head was in a rectilinear position with a terminal mouth, when the onset of tooth formation appeared. At 35 hph, gill arches were covered by the operculum and branchiostegal membrane and cusps of teeth pierced the epithelium of the premaxilla and anterior dentary region. Sharp teeth were observed in the maxilla at 171 hph and the pelvic fin primordium appeared at 243 hph, with taste buds on the tongue and the roof of the buccopharyngeal cavity. At 579 hph, all structures related to swimming and food capture were formed. Exogenous feeding of the larvae started at 29 hph, before the endogenous reserves were used up and the development of efficient swimming ability, reflecting the species' need to increasingly specialize on prey capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Neumann
- Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista (CAUNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmo F Paes
- Centro de Aquicultura da Universidade Estadual Paulista (CAUNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Manoel S Braga
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, São Paulo, Brazil
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Soares MP, Oliveira FC, Cardoso IL, Urbinati EC, Meldau de Campos C, Hisano H. Glucan-MOS ® improved growth and innate immunity in pacu stressed and experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 73:133-140. [PMID: 29191795 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We tested the efficacy of a commercial product (Glucan-MOS®) derived from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, containing two combined products, β-1,3-1,6 glucans and mannans on the growth, feed efficiency, stress and innate immune responses of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) after a stressful handling and bacterial inoculation. For this, we evaluated the serum cortisol and plasma glucose levels, the respiratory activity of leukocytes, the serum lysozyme levels, as well as the number of circulating erythrocytes and leukocytes of fish fed during 30 days with diets containing increased levels of Glucan-MOS (0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8%). The supplementation of 0.1% improved weight gain, feed conversion and the protein efficiency ratio compared to a control diet. The 0.2 and 0.4% Glucan-MOS® diets were sufficient to increase the respiratory burst of leukocytes and lysozyme activity, the number of thrombocytes, neutrophils and monocytes in the blood after a stressful handling and bacterial challenge, and minimized stress response as shown by decreased cortisol and glucose levels when compared to the control. The results of this work reinforce the benefits of the adoption of feeding strategies including combination of both β-1,3-1,6 glucans and mannans as a dietary supplement in periods prior to intensive management. The 30-day period was sufficient to stimulate growth performance, improve nutrient utilization, minimize stress response and modulate innate immunity responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pereira Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Rodovia Aquidauana-UEMS, Km 12, CP 25, Aquidauana, 79200-000, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Fulvia Cristina Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Rodovia Aquidauana-UEMS, Km 12, CP 25, Aquidauana, 79200-000, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Israel Luz Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Rodovia Aquidauana-UEMS, Km 12, CP 25, Aquidauana, 79200-000, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, Jaboticabal, 14 884-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Meldau de Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, Rodovia Aquidauana-UEMS, Km 12, CP 25, Aquidauana, 79200-000, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Hamilton Hisano
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP 340, Km 127,5 Caixa Postal 69, Jaguariúna, 13820-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Schönhofen Longoni L, Giora J, Bernhardt Fialho C. Development of secondary sexual characters and their relationship to ontogeny and seasonal reproductive period in Hyphessobrycon igneus (Ostariophysi: Characiformes). J Fish Biol 2018; 92:131-149. [PMID: 29139128 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in size, anal-fin shape and coloration of Hyphessobrycon igneus, Characidae, were examined. Males were more frequent at larger body sizes, confirming body size as a sexually dimorphic trait. Anal-fin shape and the colour of all fins were the same for females and juveniles, differing only in adult males. Likewise, only adult males had bony hooks on fin rays; larger and more sexually mature males had the most numerous and developed hooks and hooks were most developed in degree and number during peak reproductive periods. Fin hooks regressed in number and developmental degree after the reproductive period, but restarted development with the beginning of the new reproductive period without completely disappearing. Results show that bony hooks have a development and regression cycle related to reproductive seasonality.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Schönhofen Longoni
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Ictiologia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, CEP: 91509900, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J Giora
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Ictiologia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, CEP: 91509900, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C Bernhardt Fialho
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Ictiologia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, CEP: 91509900, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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13
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Takahashi LS, Biller-Takahashi JD, Mansano CFM, Urbinati EC, Gimbo RY, Saita MV. Long-term organic selenium supplementation overcomes the trade-off between immune and antioxidant systems in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 60:311-317. [PMID: 27914996 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for antioxidant defenses in fish because of its role in preventing immunosuppression caused by oxidative stress. In this study it was demonstrated the relation between the oxidative stress and immune status after a long Se supplementation period, as a result of the evaluation of immunological, hematological and antioxidant responses, as well as growth performance of pacu fed diets supplemented with different concentrations of organic selenium (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.8 mg Se-yeast/kg, but the final analyzed selenium concentrations were 0.72, 0.94, 1.15, 1.57 and 2.51 mg/kg, respectively) for 65 days. Dietary Se supplementation at 1.15 mg Se-yeast/kg (analyzed value) restored the production of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)), and consequently allowed the increased of some immunological parameters (leukocyte respiratory burst activity and lysozyme activity), hematological parameters (red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HTC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and white blood cell count (WBC)). Se supplementation in pacu diets at 1.15 mg Se-yeast/kg for 65 days improved immune response and antioxidant defenses, suggesting that oxidative stress impairs immune system response to prevent excessive reactive oxygen species in cells and indicating the occurrence of a physiological trade-off between immune and antioxidant systems. Higher Se levels, such as 1.57 mg Se-yeast/kg increased the leukocyte respiratory burst activity, the WBC and thrombocyte counts, the RBC and HTC, and the GST and GPx enzymes. However, 2.51 mg Se-yeast/kg decreased the lysozyme levels, the WBC and thrombocyte counts, the RBC, HTC and MCV, and the GST and GPx enzymes. Those findings are important to future studies because showed the negative effect of oxidative stress on immunity, and may help to prevent any inhibition of the expected immune response after immunomodulators administration and vaccination. Also it was possible to meet the dietary selenium requirement of pacu, that was estimated to be 1.56 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Susumu Takahashi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Câmpus de Dracena, 17900-000, Dracena, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Cleber Fernando Menegasso Mansano
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP (CAUNESP), Câmpus de Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Criscuolo Urbinati
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP (CAUNESP), Câmpus de Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Yukihiro Gimbo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP (CAUNESP), Câmpus de Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Vinícius Saita
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Centro de Aquicultura da UNESP (CAUNESP), Câmpus de Jaboticabal, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Restrepo-Escobar N, Hurtado-Alarcón JC, Mancera-Rodríguez NJ, Márquez EJ. Variations of body geometry in Brycon henni (Teleostei: Characiformes, Bryconidae) in different rivers and streams. J Fish Biol 2016; 89:522-528. [PMID: 27117920 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Landmark-based geometric morphometrics were used to evaluate the effect of flow and depth in the water column on the body size and shape of Brycon henni from river and stream populations. The dendrogram showed that stream populations clustered apart and showed significantly smaller centroid size and narrower bodies than river populations, indicating a role for flow and depth on whole body morphometric variation. The results are concordant with morphometric variation described in other fish species and provide the first insights into phenotypic variation in natural populations of B. henni.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Restrepo-Escobar
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Biociencias, Calle 59A No 63-20, Bloque 19, A Laboratorio 310, Medellín, 050034, Colombia
| | - J C Hurtado-Alarcón
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-Postgrado en Bosques y Conservación Ambiental-Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Calle 59A No. 63-20, Bloque 20, Oficina 211, Medellín, 050034, Colombia
| | - N J Mancera-Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-Postgrado en Bosques y Conservación Ambiental-Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Calle 59A No. 63-20, Bloque 20, Oficina 211, Medellín, 050034, Colombia
| | - E J Márquez
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Biociencias, Calle 59A No 63-20, Bloque 19, A Laboratorio 310, Medellín, 050034, Colombia
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15
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Duran BODS, Fernandez GJ, Mareco EA, Moraes LN, Salomão RAS, Gutierrez de Paula T, Santos VB, Carvalho RF, Dal-Pai-Silvca M. Differential microRNA Expression in Fast- and Slow-Twitch Skeletal Muscle of Piaractus mesopotamicus during Growth. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141967. [PMID: 26529415 PMCID: PMC4631509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a Brazilian fish with a high economic value in pisciculture due to its rusticity and fast growth. Postnatal growth of skeletal muscle in fish occurs by hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy, processes that are dependent on the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. A class of small noncoding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), represses the expression of target mRNAs, and many studies have demonstrated that miR-1, miR-133, miR-206 and miR-499 regulate different processes in skeletal muscle through the mRNA silencing of hdac4 (histone deacetylase 4), srf (serum response factor), pax7 (paired box 7) and sox6 ((sex determining region Y)-box 6), respectively. The aim of our work was to evaluate the expression of these miRNAs and their putative target mRNAs in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle of pacu during growth. We used pacus in three different development stages: larval (aged 30 days), juvenile (aged 90 days and 150 days) and adult (aged 2 years). To complement our study, we also performed a pacu myoblast cell culture, which allowed us to investigate miRNA expression in the progression from myoblast proliferation to differentiation. Our results revealed an inverse correlation between the expression of the miRNAs and their target mRNAs, and there was evidence that miR-1 and miR-206 may regulate the differentiation of myoblasts, whereas miR-133 may regulate the proliferation of these cells. miR-499 was highly expressed in slow-twitch muscle, which suggests its involvement in the specification of the slow phenotype in muscle fibers. The expression of these miRNAs exhibited variations between different development stages and between distinct muscle twitch phenotypes. This work provides the first identification of miRNA expression profiles in pacu skeletal muscle and suggests an important role of these molecules in muscle growth and in the maintenance of the muscle phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira da Silva Duran
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Assunção Mareco
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Nazario Moraes
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tassiana Gutierrez de Paula
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vander Bruno Santos
- São Paulo Agency for Agribusiness Technology, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silvca
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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16
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Palermo FF, Risso WE, Simonato JD, Martinez CBR. Bioaccumulation of nickel and its biochemical and genotoxic effects on juveniles of the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 116:19-28. [PMID: 25744913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Juveniles of the freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus were exposed to three concentrations of nickel (Ni): 25, 250 and 2500 µg L(-1) or water only for periods of 24 and 96 h to test for Ni bioaccumulation, its effects on antioxidant defenses and metallothioneins, and the occurrence of DNA damage. After exposure, the fish were sampled and tissue removed from the gills, liver, kidney and muscle to test for Ni accumulation and conduct biochemical (gills and liver) and genotoxic (blood cells and gills) analyses. The results showed that Ni accumulates in the organs in different proportions (kidney>liver>gills>muscle) and accumulation varied according to exposure time. Metallothionein (MT) levels increased in the liver and gills after exposure to Ni, implying that the presence of Ni in these tissues could induce MT synthesis. We also observed that Ni exposure affected antioxidant defenses, increasing lipid peroxidation in the liver of fish exposed to Ni for 96 h at the highest concentration tested. DNA damage increased in both blood cells and gills of fish exposed to all Ni concentrations, indicating the genotoxic potential of Ni on fish. We therefore concluded that Ni accumulates in various tissues and results in oxidative and DNA damage in P. lineatus, and that the maximum permitted Ni concentration set in Brazilian legislation (25 µg L(-1)) for freshwaters is not safe for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine F Palermo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001. CEP: 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Wagner E Risso
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001. CEP: 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Juliana D Simonato
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001. CEP: 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Claudia B R Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, C.P. 6001. CEP: 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil.
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17
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Carvalho M, Vari RP. Development of the splanchnocranium in Prochilodus argenteus (Teleostei: Characiformes) with a discussion of the basal developmental patterns in the Otophysi. ZOOLOGY 2015; 118:34-50. [PMID: 25595854 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of the mandibular, hyoid and gill arches, which constitute the splanchnocranium, are described for Prochilodus argenteus, order Characiformes, one of the basal lineages of the Otophysi. Development was examined from just hatched larvae through juveniles using whole specimens cleared and counterstained for cartilage and bone as well as histological preparations. Observations are compared with the developmental trends reported for Cypriniformes, the basalmost clade of the Otophysi. Shortened developmental sequences for Prochilodus compared to the cypriniform Catostomus were discovered in the ontogeny of the ceratohyals, ceratobranchials 1-5, epibranchials 1-4 and the symplectic portion of the hyosymplectic. Prochilodus also differs from Catostomus in having the basihyal plus the anterior copula appearing at different stages of ontogeny rather than simultaneously. Contrary to previous assumptions, developmental information indicates that hypobranchial 4 as well as likely basibranchial 5 are present in Prochilodus. Various developmental patterns in Prochilodus considered basal for the Otophysi, the predominant component of the Ostariophysi, are likely conserved from patterns prevalent in basal groups in the Actinopterygii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto (LIRP), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo, PPG Biologia Comparada, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Richard P Vari
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC 159, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA
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18
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Adolfi MC, Carreira ACO, Jesus LWO, Bogerd J, Funes RM, Schartl M, Sogayar MC, Borella MI. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of dmrt1 and sox9 during gonad development and male reproductive cycle in the lambari fish, Astyanax altiparanae. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:2. [PMID: 25577427 PMCID: PMC4298075 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-13-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dmrt1 and sox9 genes have a well conserved function related to testis formation in vertebrates, and the group of fish presents a great diversity of species and reproductive mechanisms. The lambari fish (Astyanax altiparanae) is an important Neotropical species, where studies on molecular level of sex determination and gonad maturation are scarce. METHODS Here, we employed molecular cloning techniques to analyze the cDNA sequences of the dmrt1 and sox9 genes, and describe the expression pattern of those genes during development and the male reproductive cycle by qRT-PCR, and related to histology of the gonad. RESULTS Phylogenetic analyses of predicted amino acid sequences of dmrt1 and sox9 clustered A. altiparanae in the Ostariophysi group, which is consistent with the morphological phylogeny of this species. Studies of the gonad development revealed that ovary formation occurred at 58 days after hatching (dah), 2 weeks earlier than testis formation. Expression studies of sox9 and dmrt1 in different tissues of adult males and females and during development revealed specific expression in the testis, indicating that both genes also have a male-specific role in the adult. During the period of gonad sex differentiation, dmrt1 seems to have a more significant role than sox9. During the male reproductive cycle dmrt1 and sox9 are down-regulated after spermiation, indicating a role of these genes in spermatogenesis. CONCLUSIONS For the first time the dmrt1 and sox9 were cloned in a Characiformes species. We show that both genes have a conserved structure and expression, evidencing their role in sex determination, sex differentiation and the male reproductive cycle in A. altiparanae. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus C Adolfi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
- Department of Physiological Chemistry I, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ana CO Carreira
- Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, Cell and Molecular Therapy Center (NUCEL-NETCEM), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Lázaro WO Jesus
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Jan Bogerd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rejane M Funes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Manfred Schartl
- Department of Physiological Chemistry I, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mari C Sogayar
- Chemistry Institute, Biochemistry Department, Cell and Molecular Therapy Center (NUCEL-NETCEM), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Maria I Borella
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
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19
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Perini VDR, Paschoalini AL, Cruz CKFD, Rocha RDCGAD, Senhorini JA, Ribeiro DM, Formagio PS, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Profiles of sex steroids, fecundity and spawning of a migratory characiform fish from the Paraguay-Paraná basin: a comparative study in a three-river system. Fish Physiol Biochem 2013; 39:1473-84. [PMID: 23616136 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated for the first time the reproductive biology of Prochilodus lineatus in a system of rivers in southeastern Brasil, relating it to the role of tributary rivers in the reproductive success of this important commercial fish in the Upper Paraná River basin, where a cascade of hydroelectric dams were deployed. Specimens were caught bimonthly in three river sites: (S1) Grande River, downstream from the Porto Colômbia dam; (S2) Pardo River; and (S3) Mogi Guaçu River. Sex steroid plasma levels, fecundity, follicular atresia, oocyte diameter and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were compared among sites. In S1, fish exhibited changes in the reproductive parameters: lower GSI, oocyte diameter and fecundity and higher follicular atresia index, when compared to S2 and S3. Frequency of maturing fish was higher in S3 and spawning was only registered in S3. In sites S2 and S3, plasma concentrations of testosterone and 17β-estradiol in females and testosterone in males showed wide variations following gonadal maturation. Fish from S1 showed few significant variations in sex steroid concentrations throughout the gonadal cycle. These results indicate that P. lineatus does not reproduce in Grande River (S1), but probably uses the Pardo River (S2) as a migratory route towards the Mogi Guaçu River (S3) where they complete gonadal maturation and spawning. Our findings contribute for understanding the reproductive biology of P. lineatus and to highlight the importance of tributaries in impounded rivers as a favourable environment for migration and spawning of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta da Rocha Perini
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP: 30161-970, Brasil
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20
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Abstract
The skeletogenesis and osteology of the syncranium of the redeye tetra Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae is described. Skeletal development is rapid, with many elements of the chondrocranium and splanchnocranium well formed prior to the onset of ossification. The chondrocranium develops from an initial set of cartilaginous precursors, and continued elaboration proceeds from a series of processes which expand and converge to form the floor of the cranial vault, the otic capsule, the supraorbital bridge and the ethmoid region. Prodigious growth is observed for a number of splanchnocranial elements, including the Meckel's cartilage and the ceratohyal cartilage. Ossification occurs in overlapping phases with initial ossification of the jaws and neurocranial floor followed by the splanchnocranium, the supraorbital bridges and the ethmoid and cranial vault. Teeth are observed primarily on the premaxilla and dentary, while a single tooth is present on the maxilla. Particular cartilages, which had originally formed in the early larva, appear to degenerate and have no ossified representative in the adult syncranium. The cranial development for M. sanctaefilomenae is compared to those of other characiforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Walter
- Biology Department, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61702-2900, USA.
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21
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Cazenave J, Bacchetta C, Parma MJ, Scarabotti PA, Wunderlin DA. Multiple biomarkers responses in Prochilodus lineatus allowed assessing changes in the water quality of Salado River basin (Santa Fe, Argentina). Environ Pollut 2009; 157:3025-3033. [PMID: 19589632 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This field study assessed water quality of Salado River basin by using a set of biomarkers in the fish Prochilodus lineatus. Multiple biomarkers were measured, including morphological indexes (condition factor, liver somatic index), hematological (red and white blood cells) and biochemical (glucose, total protein and cholinesterase activity) parameters. Besides, detoxication and oxidative stress markers (antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation) were measured in liver, gills and kidney. Despite water quality assessment did not show marked differences among sites, biomarkers responses indicate that fish are living under stressful environmental conditions. According to multivariate analysis glucose, glutathione S-transferase activity, lipid peroxidation levels and the count of white blood cells are key biomarkers to contribute to discrimination of sites. So, we suggest use those biomarkers in future monitoring of freshwater aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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