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Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Xu M, Cao Q, Wang Y. Energy strategy alteration, rather than toxicity itself, interferes with the population fluctuation of Brachionus plicatilis exposed to water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106984. [PMID: 38901220 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Oil spills are reported to have conflicting impacts of either injury or resilience on zooplankton communities, and physiological plasticity is speculated to be the possible causative factor. But how? An explanation was sought by exposing the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis to a series of water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of crude oil under controlled laboratory conditions, and population dynamics, which is the core issue for zooplankton facing external stress, were analyzed. The total hydrocarbon concentration of WAFs was quickly degraded from a concentration of 5.0 mg L-1 to half within 24 h and then remained stable. No acute lethality was observed; only motion inhibition was observed in the group treated with 10 %, 50 % and 100 % WAFs, which occurred simultaneously with inhibition of feeding and filtration. However, sublethal exposure to the WAFs concentration series presented stimulation impacts on reproduction and even the population of B. plicatilis. The negative correlation between motion and reproduction seemed to indicate that a shift in the distribution of individual energy toward reproduction rather than motion resulted in increased reproduction after exposure to WAFs. More evidence from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed ultrastructural impairment in both the ovaries and cilia in each treated group, and imbalance in mitochondrial numbers was one of the distinct features of alteration. WAFs stress may alter the energy utilization and storage paradigm, as indicated by the significant elevation in glycogen and the significant decrease in lipid content after WAFs exposure. Further evidence from metabolomics analysis showed that WAFs stress increased the level of lipid metabolism and inhibited some of the pathways in glucose metabolism. Sublethal acute toxicity was observed only in the first 24 h with WAFs exposure, and an energy strategy consisting of changes in the utilization and storage paradigm and reallocation is responsible for the population resilience of B. plicatilis during oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yaya Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mengxue Xu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecological Restoration and Security, Qingdao Shandong, China
| | - Qiyue Cao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - You Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Yang K, Wang SX, Lu W. Differential effects of ocean warming and BDE-47 on mussels with various personalities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123358. [PMID: 38242302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Marine warming and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) pollution are two of the most concerning environmental problems in recent years. However, the impact of their co-occurrence on marine bivalves and the tolerance of bivalves with different traits remain unknown. In this study, thick shell mussels Mytilus coruscus were divided into two personalities according to individual feeding and byssus growth. The reliability of the classification was validated by respiration, self-organization, and post-stress behavior. Then, the survival rate, hemolymph immunity, and digestive glands oxidase activity of classified mussels were evaluated after 21 days of compound exposure to warming and BDE-47. The results showed that mussels could be divided into proactive and reactive types consistently. Compared to reactive mussels, proactive mussels exhibited some traits, such as faster food recovery, more byssus growth, higher metabolic rate, and more efficient clustering. Both single or combined warming and BDE-47 exposure impacted the individual survival, hemolymph, and antioxidase of mussels. Notably, the negative impacts of BDE-47 were exacerbated by warming. Moreover, proactive mussels displayed better adaptability with higher survival rates along with less damage to hemolymph immunity and antioxidant ability compared to reactive ones when facing environmental challenges. This study highlights potential risks associated with the coexistence of marine warming and PBDEs pollution while demonstrating differential fitness among individuals with distinct personalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Shi Xiu Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Weiqun Lu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; The Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Cao S, Wang J, You X, Zhou B, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Purine Metabolism and Pyrimidine Metabolism Alteration Is a Potential Mechanism of BDE-47-Induced Apoptosis in Marine Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12726. [PMID: 37628905 PMCID: PMC10454229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This present study was conducted to provide evidence and an explanation for the apoptosis that occurs in the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis when facing 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) stress. Metabolomics analysis showed that aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and arginine biosynthesis were the top three sensitive pathways to BDE-47 exposure, which resulted in the reduction in the amino acid pool level. Pyrimidine metabolism and purine metabolism pathways were also significantly influenced, and the purine and pyrimidine content were obviously reduced in the low (0.02 mg/L) and middle (0.1 mg/L) concentration groups while increased in the high (0.5 mg/L) concentration group, evidencing the disorder of nucleotide synthesis and decomposition in B. plicatilis. The biochemical detection of the key enzymes in purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism showed the downregulation of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) protein expression and the elevation of Xanthine Oxidase (XOD) activity, which suggested the impaired DNA repair and ROS overproduction. The content of DNA damage biomarker (8-OHdG) increased in treatment groups, and the p53 signaling pathway was found to be activated, as indicated by the elevation of the p53 protein expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The ROS scavenger (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC) addition effectively alleviated not only ROS overproduction but also DNA damage as well as the activation of apoptosis. The combined results backed up the speculation that purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism alteration play a pivotal role in BDE-47-induced ROS overproduction and DNA damage, and the consequent activation of the p53 signaling pathway led to the observed apoptosis in B. plicatilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Cao
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xinye You
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - You Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.C.); (J.W.); (X.Y.); (B.Z.); (Y.W.)
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Jiang Y, Cao S, Zhou B, Cao Q, Xu M, Sun T, Zhao X, Zhou Z, Wang Y. Hemocytes in blue mussel Mytilus edulis adopt different energy supply modes to cope with different BDE-47 exposures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 885:163766. [PMID: 37146804 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The energetic response of blue mussel Mytilus edulis when coping with tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) exposure was evaluated from the perspective of alterations in energy supply mode, and the possible regulating mechanism was discussed based on a 21-day bioassay. The results showed that the energy supply mode changed with concentration: 0.1 μg/L BDE-47 decreased the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase and oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting inhibition of the tricarboxylic (TCA) acid cycle and aerobic respiration. The coincident increase in phosphofructokinase and the decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicated that glycolysis and anaerobic respiration were increased. When exposed to 1.0 μg/L BDE-47, M. edulis mainly utilized aerobic respiration, but lowered glucose metabolism as indicated by the decrease in glutamine and l-leucine was suggested to be involved in this process, which was differed from that in the control. The reoccurrence of IDH and SDH inhibition as well as LDH elevation indicated attenuation of aerobic and anaerobic respiration when the concentration increased to 10 μg/L, but severe protein damage was evidenced based on the elevation of amino acids and glutamine. Under the 0.1 μg/L BDE-47, activation of the AMPK-Hif-1a signaling pathway promoted the expression of glut1, which was the potential mechanism for the improvement of anaerobic respiration, and further activated glycolysis and anaerobic respiration. This study shows that the energy supply mode experienced a conversion from aerobic respiration under normal conditions to anaerobic mode in the low BDE-47 treatment and back to aerobic respiration with increasing BDE-47 concentrations, which may represent a potential mechanism for mussel physiological responses when faced with different levels of BDE-47 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshun Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 17 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - Sai Cao
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qiyue Cao
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengxue Xu
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Tianli Sun
- National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service, No. 6, Qiwangfen North Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, No. 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Laoshan Laboratory, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, China.
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Sun T, Ji C, Li F, Wu H. Hormetic dose responses induced by organic flame retardants in aquatic animals: Occurrence and quantification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153295. [PMID: 35065129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The organic flame retardants (OFRs) have attracted global concerns due to their potential toxicity and ubiquitous presence in the aquatic environment. Hormesis refers to a biphasic dose response, characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. The present study provided substantial evidence for the widespread occurrence of OFRs-induced hormesis in aquatic animals, including 202 hormetic dose response relationships. The maximum stimulatory response (MAX) was commonly lower than 160% of the control response, with a combined value of 134%. Furthermore, the magnitude of MAX varied significantly among multiple factors and their interactions, such as chemical types and taxonomic groups. Moreover, the distance from the dose of MAX to the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) (NOAEL: MAX) was typically below 10-fold (median = 6-fold), while the width of the hormetic zone (from the lowest dose inducing hormesis to the NOAEL) was approximately 20-fold. Collectively, the quantitative features of OFRs-induced hormesis in aquatic animals were in accordance with the broader hormetic literature. In addition, the implications of hormetic dose response model for the risk assessment of OFRs were discussed. This study offered a novel insight for understanding the biological effects of low-to-high doses of OFRs on aquatic animals and assessing the potential risks of OFRs in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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