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Wang G, Sun J, Li L, Li J, Li P. Perfluorobutanoic acid triggers metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming in wheat seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172343. [PMID: 38608890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The environmental risks of fluorinated alternatives are of great concern with the phasing out of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate. Here, multi-omics (i.e., metabolomics and transcriptomics) coupled with physiological and biochemical analyses were employed to investigate the stress responses of wheat seedings (Triticum aestivum L.) to perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), one of the short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and PFOA alternatives, at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1-100 ng/g). After 28 days of soil exposure, PFBA boosted the generation of OH and O2- in wheat seedlings, resulting in lipid peroxidation, protein perturbation and impaired photosynthesis. Non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems (e.g., glutathione, phenolics, and vitamin C) and enzymatic antioxidant copper/zinc superoxide dismutase were strikingly activated (p < 0.05). PFBA-triggered oxidative stress induced metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming, including carbon and nitrogen metabolisms, lipid metabolisms, immune responses, signal transduction processes, and antioxidant defense-related pathways. Down-regulation of genes related to plant-pathogen interaction suggested suppression of the immune-response, offering a novel understanding on the production of reactive oxygen species in plants under the exposure to PFAS. The identified MAPK signaling pathway illuminated a novel signal transduction mechanism in plant cells in response to PFAS. These findings provide comprehensive understandings on the phytotoxicity of PFBA to wheat seedlings and new insights into the impacts of PFAS on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotian Wang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; YATAI Construction Science & Technology Consulting Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100120, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Watershed and Ecology, Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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Wu YL, Xiong Q, Wang B, Liu YS, Zhou PL, Hu LX, Liu F, Ying GG. Screening of structural and functional alterations in duckweed (Lemna minor) induced by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with FTIR spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120671. [PMID: 36436661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a class of common emerging pollutants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and their alternatives have been widely detected in various environmental matrices, exhibiting a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Nevertheless, changes in biomolecular structure and function of duckweed caused by PFASs and their alternatives remain unknown thus far. Herein, the effects of four PFASs, including two common legacy PFASs (perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)) and two PFASs alternatives (perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and 1H,1H,2H, 2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS)) on duckweed (Lemna minor) at biochemical level were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Although no obvious inhibitions were observed in the growth of L. minor with PFASs exposure at three levels of 1 μg L-1, 100 μg L-1, and 10 mg L-1, significant structural and functional alterations were induced at the biochemical level. In response to PFASs exposure, lipid peroxidation, proteins aggregation and α-helix to β-sheet transformation of the protein conformation, as well as changes of DNA conformations were detected. Moreover, alterations in lipid, protein, and DNA were proved to be concentration-related and compound-specific. Compared to the two legacy PFASs (PFOS and PFOA), alternative ones exhibited greater effects on the biological macromolecules of L. minor. The findings of this study firstly reveal structural and functional alterations in L. minor induced by PFASs exposure, providing further understanding of their toxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lin Wu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian Xiong
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources & Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Ben Wang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Pei-Liang Zhou
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li-Xin Hu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Zhang W, Liang Y. Changing bioavailability of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to plant in biosolids amended soil through stabilization or mobilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119724. [PMID: 35809706 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biosolids containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) could contaminate the receiving environments once they are land applied. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of controlling the bioavailability of PFAS in biosolids to timothy-grass through stabilization or mobilization approaches. Stabilization was accomplished by adding a sorbent (i.e. granular activated carbon (GAC), RemBind, biochar) to biosolids, while mobilization was achieved by adding a surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), to biosolids. The results showed that the ΣPFAS concentration in grass shoots grown in biosolids amended soil treated by GAC or RemBind at 2% was only 2.77% and 3.35% of the ΣPFAS concentration detected in shoots grown in biosolids amended soil without a sorbent, respectively, indicating the effectiveness of GAC and RemBind for stabilizing PFAS and reduce their bioavailability. On the other hand, mobilization by adding SDS to biosolids at a dose range of 10-100 mg/kg significantly increased the plant uptake of ΣPFAS by 15.48%-108.57%. Thus, mobilization by adding SDS could be a valuable approach for enhancing the PFAS removal if phytoremediation is applied. Moreover, higher rate of PFAS uptake took place after grass cutting was observed in this study. Thus, proper mowing and regrowth of timothy-grass could lead to efficient and cost-effective removal of PFAS from biosolids amended soil through phytoremediation and leave the site clean to be used for other purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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Yang SH, Shan L, Chu KH. Fate and Transformation of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acid Affected by Plant, Nutrient, Bioaugmentation, and Soil Microbiome Interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10721-10731. [PMID: 35830472 PMCID: PMC10134682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA) is a dominant per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-impacted soil. While its biotransformation mechanisms have been studied, the complex effects from plants, nutrients, and soil microbiome interactions on the fate and removal of 6:2 FTSA are poorly understood. This study systematically investigated the potential of phytoremediation for 6:2 FTSA byArabidopsis thalianacoupled with bioaugmentation ofRhodococcus jostiiRHA1 (designated as RHA1 hereafter) under different nutrient and microbiome conditions. Hyperaccumulation of 6:2 FTSA, defined as tissue/soil concentration > 10 and high translocation factor > 3, was observed in plants. However, biotransformation of 6:2 FTSA only occurred under sulfur-limited conditions. Spiking RHA1 not only enhanced the biotransformation of 6:2 FTSA in soil but also promoted plant growth. Soil microbiome analysis uncovered Rhodococcus as one of the dominant species in all RHA1-spiked soil. Different nutrients such as sulfur and carbon, bioaugmentation, and amendment of 6:2 FTSA caused significant changes in - microbial community structure. This study revealed the synergistic effects of phytoremediation and bioaugmentation on 6:2 FTSA removal. and highlighted that the fate of 6:2 FTSA was highly influced by the complex interactions of plants, nutrients, and soil microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Yang
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Libo Shan
- Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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