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Lin L, Song Y, Zhang Y, Luo Z, Li Q, Cao W, Li YY. Enhanced sludge granulation and stable performance of an anammox expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor through the utilization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) particles. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131091. [PMID: 38986883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The reuse of hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) as a granulation activator for anammox sludge was explored to address the remaining issues of time-consuming and unstable granular structure in anammox granulation. During the granulation, nitrogen removal capacity from 2.8 to 13.7 gN/L/d was obtained within 193 days, accompanied by an enhancement in bio-activity from 0.23 to 0.52 gN/gVSS/d. HAPs and anammox microorganisms coupled well to aggregate into granules for denser biomass, higher settleability, and stronger mechanical properties, which effectively improved the biomass retention capacity and structural strength of the sludge system. A skeleton structure formed by the HAPs was characterized during the transformation of the granules, playing a crucial role in strengthening the stability of the sludge. The intermediate processes of granulation were thus clarified to propose an evolutionary pathway for anammox-HAP granules. The pre-addition of HAPs is conducive to achieving faster anammox granulation and rapid process start-up for high-strength wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ying Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zibin Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wenzhi Cao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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2
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Gao Z, Bi X, Zhao J, Ding X, Li Y, Shi J, Pan X, Bai M, Miao Y, Zhang J. Self-cultivating anammox granules for enhancing wastewater nitrogen removal in nitrification-denitrification flocculent sludge system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 397:130458. [PMID: 38373506 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The feasibility of self-cultivating anammox granules for enhancing wastewater nitrogen removal was investigated in a nitrification-denitrification flocculent sludge system. Desirable nitrogen removal efficiency of 84 ± 4 % was obtained for the influent carbon to nitrogen ratio of 1-1.3 (NH4+-N: 150-200 mg N/L) via alternate anaerobic/oxic/anoxic mode. Meanwhile, some red granular sludge was formed in the system. The abundance and activity of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AnAOB) increased from 'not detected' in seed sludge to 0.57 % and 29.4 ± 0.7 mg N/(g mixed liquor volatile suspended solids·h) in granules, respectively, suggesting successful cultivation of anammox granules. Furthermore, some denitrifying bacteria with capability of partial denitrification were enriched, such as Candidatus Competibacter (2.45 %) and Thauera (5.75 %), which could cooperate with AnAOB, facilitating AnAOB enrichment. Anammox was dominant in nitrogen removal with the contribution to nitrogen removed above 68.8 ± 0.3 %. The strategy of self-cultivating anammox granules could promote the application of anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiu Gao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Xuejun Bi
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Jixiang Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Xiang Ding
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Yitong Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Junhui Shi
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Xinlei Pan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Meng Bai
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Miao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, PR China.
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Zhang F, Wang J, Li L, Shen C, Zhang S, Zhang J, Liu R, Zhao Y. Technologies for performance intensification of floating treatment wetland - An explicit and comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 348:140727. [PMID: 37977538 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
With the wide application of floating treatment wetland (FTW), the limited performance of FTWs should be improved. A comprehensive review is accordingly necessary to summarize the state-of-the-art on FTWs for performance improvement. An attempt has been made to gain information from literature about technologies to enhance the performance of FTWs. These technologies have been classified into three categories according to their mechanisms: 1) increasing the amount and activity of bacteria; 2) enhancing the growth of plant; and 3) configurable innovations. The design and application of each enhanced FTW have been discussed in detail. Thereafter, all the technologies have been compared and analyzed according to their improvement in pollutant removal and ecological effects. In summary, FTW with additional bio-carriers has a higher potential for future applications with the benefits of wide application conditions, scale-up potential, and the easy combination with other methods to further improve the removal efficiency. The stability and sustainability of these technologies should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Liyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China; Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Shaochen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Ranbin Liu
- Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Lin L, Zhang Y, Li YY. Enhancing start-up strategies for anammox granular sludge systems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166398. [PMID: 37604370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been developed as one of the optimal alternatives to the conventional biological nitrogen removal process because of its high nitrogen removal capacity and low energy consumption. However, the slow growth rate of anammox bacteria and its high sensitivity to environmental changes have resulted in fewer anammox sludge sources for process start-up and a lengthy start-up period. Given that anammox microorganisms tend to aggregate, granular-anammox sludge is a frequent byproduct of the anammox process. In this study, we review state-of-the-art strategies for promoting the formation of anammox granules and the start-up of the anammox process based on the literature of the past decade. These strategies are categorized as the transformation of alternative sludge, the addition of accelerators, the introduction of functional carriers, and the implementation of other physical methods. In addition, the formation mechanism of anammox granules, the operational performance of various strategies, and their promotion mechanisms are introduced. Finally, prospects are presented to indicate the gaps in contemporary research and the potential future research directions. This review functions as a summary guideline and theoretical reference for the cultivation of granular-anammox sludge, the start-up of the anammox process, and its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lin
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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Jiang LX, Guo L, Shapleigh JP, Liu Y, Huang Y, Lian JS, Xie L, Deng LW, Wang WG, Wang L. The long-term effect of glutaraldehyde on the bacterial community in anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129448. [PMID: 37399960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A 160-day incubation was performed with two anammox reactors (GA and CK) to investigate the effect of glutaraldehyde. The results indicated that anammox bacteria were very sensitive when glutaraldehyde in GA reactor increased to 40 mg/L, the nitrogen removal efficiency sharply decreased to 11%, only one-quarter of CK. Glutaraldehyde changed spatial distribution of exopolysaccharides, caused anammox bacteria (Brocadia CK_gra75) to disassociate from granules (24.70% of the reads in CK but only 14.09% in GA granules). Metagenome analysis indicated glutaraldehyde led to the denitrifier community succession from strains without nir (nitrite reductase) and nor (nitric oxide reductases) genes to those with them, and the rapid growth of denitrifiers with NodT (an outer membrane factor)-related efflux pumps replacing those with another TolC -related ones. Meanwhile, Brocadia CK_gra75 lacks the NodT proteins. This study provides important insight into community adaptation and potential resistance mechanism in an active anammox community after exposure to disinfectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xing Jiang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lu Guo
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | | | - Yi Liu
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jin-Shi Lian
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Xie
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Liang-Wei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wen-Guo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lan Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Li Y, Liang H, Cheng L, Yang W, Wang P, Gao D. Mainstream deammonification at ambient temperature treating real sewage by a plug-flow fixed-bed reactor based on zeolite/tourmaline-modified polyurethane carriers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129184. [PMID: 37207694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A plug-flow fixed-bed reactor (PFBR) with zeolite/tourmaline-modified polyurethane (ZTP) carriers (PFBRZTP) was constructed to realize mainstream deammonification for real domestic sewage treatment. The PFBRZTP and PFBR were operated for 111 days treating aerobically pretreated sewage in parallel. A higher nitrogen removal rate of 0.12 kg N·(m3·d)-1 was achieved in PFBRZTP despite lowering the temperature (16.8-19.7 ℃) and fluctuating water quality. Meanwhile, it was indicated that anaerobic ammonium oxidation dominated (64.0 ±13.2%) in PFBRZTP, by nitrogen removal pathway analysis and high anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) activity (2.89 mg N·(g VSS·h)-1). And, the lower protein/polysaccharides (PS) ratio further indicated a better biofilm structure in PFBRZTP owing to a higher abundance of microorganisms relevant to PS and cryoprotective EPS secretion. Furthermore, partial denitrification was an important nitrite supply process in PFBRZTP based on low AOB activity/AnAOB activity ratio, higher Thauera abundance and a remarkably positive correlation between Thauera abundance and AnAOB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lang Cheng
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, Heilongjiang, China; Centre for Urban Environmental Remediation, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Conservation & Emission Reduction and Sustainable Urban-Rural Development in Beijing, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Recent Advances in Autotrophic Biological Nitrogen Removal for Low Carbon Wastewater: A Review. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14071101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to carbon source dependence, conventional biological nitrogen removal (BNR) processes based on heterotrophic denitrification are suffering from great bottlenecks. The autotrophic BNR process represented by sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) provides a viable alternative for addressing low carbon wastewater. Whether for low carbon municipal wastewater or industrial wastewater with high nitrogen, the SDAD and anammox process can be suitably positioned accordingly. Herein, the recent advances and challenges to autotrophic BNR process guided by SDAD and anammox are systematically reviewed. Specifically, the present applications and crucial operation factors were discussed in detail. Besides, the microscopic interpretation of the process was deepened in the viewpoint of functional microbial species and their physiological characteristics. Furthermore, the current limitations and some future research priorities over the applications were identified and discussed from multiple perspectives. The obtained knowledge would provide insights into the application and optimization of the autotrophic BNR process, which will contribute to the establishment of a new generation of efficient and energy-saving wastewater nitrogen removal systems.
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