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Amiri V, Ali S, Sohrabi N, Amiri F. Hydrogeochemical evaluation with emphasis on nitrate and fluoride in urban and rural drinking water resources in western Isfahan province, central Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:108720-108740. [PMID: 37752392 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and fluoride (F-) are two major potential contaminants found in the groundwater of Iran. These contaminants are highly dangerous to humans if consumed more than the safe limit prescribed by the WHO. Therefore, in this study, the urban and rural drinking water resources of Isfahan province (central Iran) were investigated to evaluate the quality of groundwater from the perspective of NO3- and F-. The calculated saturation index (SI) shows that the majority of samples are mainly undersaturated or in equilibrium with respect to potential minerals. The most likely interpretation for undersaturation with respect to most minerals is either that the minerals are not present if they are reactive or if they are present, then they are not reactive. This study reveals that the majority of the groundwater samples belong to the Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type. Further, in this study, potential physicochemical variables have been used to calculate entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI). The EWQI reveals that the majority of the groundwater in the area is of good quality. Results show that the water chemistry in the area is largely governed by the water-rock interaction. This study based on large data sets reveals that the majority of drinking water resources are uncontaminated by F-. However, the groundwater is found to be largely contaminated by NO3-. The bivariate plot suggests that the unscientific farming practices and overuse of manures and fertilizers are largely responsible for high content of NO3-. Therefore, emphasis should be given on the cost-effective environmentally friendly fertilizers. The findings from this study will aid the governing authorities and concerned stakeholders to understand the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in this region. The results will help formulate policies in the area for sustainable water supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Amiri
- Department of Geology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Shakir Ali
- CAWTM, MRIIRS, Sector - 43, Faridabad, Haryana, 121004, India
| | | | - Fahimeh Amiri
- Water & Wastewater Company of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Li P, Sabarathinam C, Elumalai V. Groundwater pollution and its remediation for sustainable water management. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138621. [PMID: 37031835 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No.126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shannxi, China.
| | - Chidambaram Sabarathinam
- Water Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
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Yang J, Lin Q, Chen Y, Li Y, Sun L, Wu H, Kang M. Adsorption of radioactive cobalt(II) in the groundwater-soil systems surrounding the effluent pipeline of a proposed NPP in China. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Nadiri AA, Aghdam FS, Razzagh S, Barzegar R, Jabraili-Andaryan N, Senapathi V. Using a soft computing OSPRC risk framework to analyze multiple contaminants from multiple sources; a case study from Khoy Plain, NW Iran. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136527. [PMID: 36150490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage in arid and semi-arid areas like Iran makes groundwater contamination a crucial issue. In the Khoy aquifer, NW Iran, contaminants (e.g., arsenic (As), nitrate (NO3-), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) may originate from both geological and anthropogenic sources. The objectives of the study are to (1) employ soft modeling framework to abstract available hydrogeochemical information into a perceptual model and (2) build a conceptual model using the risk cells (RCs) by applying the following two steps: (i) study Origin-Source-Pathways-Receptor-Consequence (OSPRC) as a risk system; and (ii) apply "soft modeling" as a set of diverse and classical tools including graphical representations, geological surveys, and multivariate statistical analysis to validate the information by evaluating their convergence or divergence behaviors among different tools used for investigating the groundwater contaminants. According to the perceptual model, the Khoy aquifer contains four RCs. RC4 (southern of plain) and RC2 (northern of the plain) contain high levels of As, while RC2 contains high amounts of Zn. In RC1 (northern of plain) and RC3 (middle of plain), a high concentration of Pb is detected, while in RC3 and RC4, there is a high concentration of NO3-. It was found that a soft modeling approach can only identify the dominant hydrogeochemical processes for each RC as a descriptive model, rather than the use of quantitative models if sufficient data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ata Allah Nadiri
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Institute of Environment, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada.
| | - Fariba Sadeghi Aghdam
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Siamak Razzagh
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Rahim Barzegar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada; Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada.
| | | | - Venkatramanan Senapathi
- Department of Disaster Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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