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Gobert T, Connan S, Châtelain B, Rouget ML, Stiger-Pouvreau V, Waeles M. La Soufrière volcanic eruption in 2021 was not responsible for the high Fe, Al, or Mn concentrations found in stranded Sargassum spp. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2411350121. [PMID: 39116177 PMCID: PMC11348320 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2411350121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Gobert
- University of Brest, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, PlouzaneF-29280, France
| | - Solène Connan
- University of Brest, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, PlouzaneF-29280, France
| | - Benjamin Châtelain
- University of Brest, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, PlouzaneF-29280, France
| | - Marie-Laure Rouget
- University of Brest, Pôle Spectrométrie Océan, Unité mixte de service 3113, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, PlouzaneF-29280, France
| | - Valérie Stiger-Pouvreau
- University of Brest, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, PlouzaneF-29280, France
| | - Matthieu Waeles
- University of Brest, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Ifremer, Laboratoire des sciences de l'environnement marin, PlouzaneF-29280, France
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2
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Machado CB, Marsh R, Hargreaves JK, Oxenford HA, Maddix GM, Webber DF, Webber M, Tonon T. Reply to Gobert et al.: The need for more research to understand changes in new pelagic sargassum ecosystem during its advection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2412718121. [PMID: 39116176 PMCID: PMC11348327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2412718121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Botelho Machado
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Marsh
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hazel A. Oxenford
- Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, University of the West Indies, Cave HillBB 11000, Barbados
| | - Gina-Marie Maddix
- Centre for Marine Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Kingston7, Jamaica
| | - Dale F. Webber
- Centre for Marine Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Kingston7, Jamaica
| | - Mona Webber
- Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona Kingston7, Jamaica
| | - Thierry Tonon
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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3
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Machado CB, Marsh R, Hargreaves JK, Oxenford HA, Maddix GM, Webber DF, Webber M, Tonon T. Changes in holopelagic Sargassum spp. biomass composition across an unusual year. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312173121. [PMID: 38805287 PMCID: PMC11161783 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312173121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The year 2021 marked a decade of holopelagic sargassum (morphotypes Sargassum natans I and VIII, and Sargassum fluitans III) stranding on the Caribbean and West African coasts. Beaching of millions of tons of sargassum negatively impacts coastal ecosystems, economies, and human health. Additionally, the La Soufrière volcano erupted in St. Vincent in April 2021, at the start of the sargassum season. We investigated potential monthly variations in morphotype abundance and biomass composition of sargassum harvested in Jamaica and assessed the influence of processing methods (shade-drying vs. frozen samples) and of volcanic ash exposure on biochemical and elemental components. S. fluitans III was the most abundant morphotype across the year. Limited monthly variations were observed for key brown algal components (phlorotannins, fucoxanthin, and alginate). Shade-drying did not significantly alter the contents of proteins but affected levels of phlorotannins, fucoxanthin, mannitol, and alginate. Simulation of sargassum and volcanic ash drift combined with age statistics suggested that sargassum potentially shared the surface layer with ash for ~50 d, approximately 100 d before stranding in Jamaica. Integrated elemental analysis of volcanic ash, ambient seawater, and sargassum biomass showed that algae harvested from August had accumulated P, Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Ni, probably from the ash, and contained less As. This ash fingerprint confirmed the geographical origin and drift timescale of sargassum. Since environmental conditions and processing methods influence biomass composition, efforts should continue to improve understanding, forecasting, monitoring, and valorizing sargassum, particularly as strandings of sargassum show no sign of abating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Botelho Machado
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Marsh
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO14 3ZH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hazel A. Oxenford
- Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, University of the West Indies, Cave HillBB 11000, Barbados
| | - Gina-Marie Maddix
- Centre for Marine Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, MonaKingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Dale F. Webber
- Centre for Marine Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, MonaKingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Mona Webber
- Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, MonaKingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Thierry Tonon
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, YorkYO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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4
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Cipolloni OA, Couture P, Cordonnier S, Pascal PY. Temporal fluctuation of metallic trace elements concentrations in three morphotypes of floating holopelagic Sargassum from the Caribbean coast (Guadeloupe, French West Indies). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116229. [PMID: 38479321 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Since 2011, the Caribbean coasts have unprecedented stranding of a pelagic brown macroalgae Sargassum inducing damages for coastal ecosystems and economy. This study evaluated the temporal fluctuations of metallic trace elements (MTE) in Sargassum freshly arrived on the Caribbean coast. From May 2020 to September 2021, 12 floating samples of three morphotypes (S. fluitans III and S. natans I and VIII) were regularly collected in the Petit Cul-de-Sac Marin (Guadeloupe, French West Indies). Measured concentrations of 28 metal(loid)s trace elements reveal i) an absence of seasonal patterns in MTE concentrations except for metals Fe and Al during 2020 summer ii) a regular and high As content during the entire survey iii) a similar trend of contamination for each morphotype. The constant and high amount of As implies that stranding management policy and valorization processes of Sargassum must consider As contamination and that this vigilance must be constantly along the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océanne-Amaya Cipolloni
- Université des Antilles, Équipe Biologie de la mangrove, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205, UFR SEN, Pointe-à-Pitre, France; Polytechnic University of Marche & National Biodiversity Future Centre, Dept. of Life and Environmental Sciences, Italy.
| | | | - Sébastien Cordonnier
- Université des Antilles, Équipe Biologie de la mangrove, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205, UFR SEN, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Pascal
- Université des Antilles, Équipe Biologie de la mangrove, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205, UFR SEN, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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Bauta J, Vaca-Medina G, Delgado Raynaud C, Simon V, Vandenbossche V, Rouilly A. Development of a Binderless Particleboard from Brown Seaweed Sargassum spp. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:539. [PMID: 38591409 PMCID: PMC10856414 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Since 2010, huge quantities of Sargassum spp. algae have been proliferating in the Atlantic Ocean and stranding on Caribbean beaches, causing major economic, environmental, and health problems. In this study, an innovative high-density binderless particleboard was developed using uniaxial thermo-compression coupled with a cooling system. The raw material consisted of ground Sargassum seaweeds pre-treated by twin-screw extrusion with water to remove sea salt. The raw material and the particleboards were produced by using various analytical techniques such as Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), or Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The experimental conditions for thermo-compression (temperature, pressure, time) were evaluated. The best thermo-compression conditions tested were 200 °C, 40 MPa pressure for 7.5 min. This resulted in a particleboard with high density (up to 1.63 ± 0.02 g/cm3) and high flexural strength/modulus (up to 32.3 ± 1.8 MPa/6.8 ± 0.2 GPa, respectively), but a low water contact angle of 38.9° ± 3.5°. Thermal analyses revealed the effect of alginates on the mechanical properties of particleboards. This work opens the door to a new way of adding value to Sargassum seaweed, using the whole algae with minimal pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bauta
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Guadalupe Vaca-Medina
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Delgado Raynaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
- Centre d’Application et de Traitement des Agro-Ressources (CATAR), Toulouse-INP, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Vandenbossche
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Rouilly
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, Toulouse INP, 31030 Toulouse, France
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McGillicuddy DJ, Morton PL, Brewton RA, Hu C, Kelly TB, Solow AR, Lapointe BE. Nutrient and arsenic biogeochemistry of Sargassum in the western Atlantic. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6205. [PMID: 37798289 PMCID: PMC10556059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The oceanographic ecology of pelagic Sargassum, and the means by which these floating macroalgae thrive in the nutrient-poor waters of the open ocean, have been studied for decades. Beginning in 2011, the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt (GASB) emerged, with Sargassum proliferating in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean where it had not previously been abundant. Here we show that the nutritional status of Sargassum in the GASB is distinct, with higher nitrogen and phosphorus content than populations residing in its Sargasso Sea habitat. Moreover, we find that variations in arsenic content of Sargassum reflect phosphorus limitation, following a hyperbolic relationship predicted from Michaelis-Menten nutrient uptake kinetics. Although the sources of nutrients fueling the GASB are not yet clear, our results suggest that nitrogen and phosphorus content of Sargassum, together with its isotopic composition, can be used to identify those sources, whether they be atmospheric, oceanic, or riverine in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Lynn Morton
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Aileen Brewton
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Chuanmin Hu
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Bryce Kelly
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - Brian Edward Lapointe
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
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Cipolloni OA, Baudrimont M, Simon-Bouhet B, Dassié ÉP, Gigault J, Connan S, Pascal PY. Kinetics of metal and metalloid concentrations in holopelagic Sargassum reaching coastal environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104779-104790. [PMID: 37704822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Since 2011, the Caribbean Islands have experienced unprecedented stranding of a pelagic brown macroalgae Sargassum inducing damages for coastal ecosystems and economy. This study measures the kinetics of metal trace elements (MTE) in Sargassum reaching different coastal environments. In July 2021, over a period of 25 days, fixed experimental floating cages containing the three Sargassum morphotypes (S. fluitans III and S. natans I and VIII) were placed in three different coastal habitats (coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove) in Guadeloupe (French West Indies). Evolution of biomasses and their total phenolic content of Sargassum reveals that environmental conditions of caging were stressful and end up to the death of algae. Concentrations of 19 metal(loid) trace elements were analyzed and three shapes of kinetics were identified with the MTE that either concentrate, depurate, or remains stable. In the mangrove, evolution of MTE was more rapid than the two other habitats a decrease of the As between 70 and 50 μg g-1 in the mangrove. Sargassum natans I presented a different metal composition than the two other morphotypes, with higher contents of As and Zn. All Sargassum morphotype are rapidly releasing the metal(oid)s arsenic (As) when they arrive in studied coastal habitats. In order to avoid the transfer of As from Sargassum to coastal environments, Sargassum stranding should be avoided and their valorization must take into account their As contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océanne-Amaya Cipolloni
- Équipe Biologie de la mangrove, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205, 97100, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Benoît Simon-Bouhet
- LIENSs, Institut du littoral et de l'Environnement, CNRS-ULR, La Rochelle, France
| | | | - Julien Gigault
- Université de Laval, International Research Laboratory Takuvik (IRL) Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Solène Connan
- Univ de Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, F-29280, Plouzane, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Pascal
- Équipe Biologie de la mangrove, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB, UMR 7205, 97100, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
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Silva TM, Waked D, Bastos AC, Gomes GL, Veras Closs JG, Tonin FG, Rossignolo JA, do Valle Marques K, Veras MM. A custom, low-cost, continuous flow chamber built for experimental Sargassum seaweed decomposition and exposure of small rodents to generated gaseous products. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18787. [PMID: 37636446 PMCID: PMC10448417 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since 2011, Sargassum events have increased in frequency along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts. The accumulation and decomposition of large amounts of Sargassum seaweed on beaches pose socio-economic, ecological, and health risks due to the emission of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane, and ammonia. However, limited research exists on the emission processes and the health effects of subchronic and chronic exposure to low levels of H2S. Additionally, the absence of emission factor data for Sargassum decomposition on-site makes health risk assessments challenging. This study aimed to create a custom chamber to simulate real-world Sargassum decomposition, exposing experimental animals to the generated gases. Metal content was analyzed, and emission rates were estimated in a controlled environment. The decomposition-exposure system replicated reported environmental gas emissions from the Caribbean region, except for NH3. H2S bursts were observed during the decomposition process at intervals of 2-10 days, with higher frequency associated with larger masses of decomposing Sargassum. The decomposed gas was transferred to the exposure chamber, resulting in an 80-87% reduction in H2S concentration. The maximum H2S emission was 156 ppm, with a concentration ranging from 50.4 to 56.5 ppm. An estimated emission rate of 7-8 g/h for H2S was observed, and significant levels of lead, arsenic, and aluminum were found in beached Sargassum from the northeast coast of Brazil. This study's developed model provides an opportunity to investigate the effects and risks to human health associated with exposure to gases produced during the environmental decomposition of Sargassum seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Moraes Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dunia Waked
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Bastos
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Leandro Gomes
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Guilherme Veras Closs
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gustavo Tonin
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - João Adriano Rossignolo
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental e Experimental (LIM05- LPAE), Hospital Das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Alleyne KST, Johnson D, Neat F, Oxenford HA, Vallѐs H. Seasonal variation in morphotype composition of pelagic Sargassum influx events is linked to oceanic origin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3753. [PMID: 36882555 PMCID: PMC9992440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent proliferation of pelagic Sargassum spp. in the Tropical Atlantic causes major ecological and socioeconomic impacts to the wider Caribbean when it washes ashore, with regional fisheries and tourism industries particularly affected. The Caribbean influxes have been tracked to a new bloom region known as the North Equatorial Recirculation Region (NERR) encompassing the area between the South Equatorial Current and the North Equatorial Counter Current and extending from Africa to South America. The vast biomass of Sargassum presents serious problems when it washes ashore but also represents significant commercial opportunities, especially with biofuel and fertilizer. The floating Sargassum mats are themselves diverse ecosystems that vary both in their biodiversity and biochemical attributes. Two major species (Sargassum fluitans and S. natans) have been identified as well as several distinguishable morphotypes of each. Oceanic mixing tends to blend the morphotypes together making it difficult to determine if there are regions of the NERR that favour bloom and growth of the distinct types. In this study, we quantify the species and morphotype composition of Sargassum strandings in Barbados and test if this is related to separate oceanic origins and routes travelled using a backtracking algorithm based on ocean drifter data. We found significant seasonal variation in the relative abundance of three morphotypes and this could be traced to two distinct easterly sub-origins and/or transport pathways; one area around 15° N that travels directly E-W across the Atlantic, and another area generally south of 10° N that takes a more meandering route coming close the coast of South America. These findings contribute towards our understanding of why the Tropical Atlantic bloom is presently occurring as well as towards addressing valorisation constraints surrounding variation in the supply of the three commonly occurring morphotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie S T Alleyne
- WMU-Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University (WMU), Malmӧ, Sweden.
| | - Donald Johnson
- Center for Fisheries Research & Development, The University of Southern Mississippi-Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - Francis Neat
- WMU-Sasakawa Global Ocean Institute, World Maritime University (WMU), Malmӧ, Sweden
| | - Hazel A Oxenford
- Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Henri Vallѐs
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
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