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Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ali HM, Hancock JT, Yong JWH. Synergistic interplay between melatonin and hydrogen sulfide enhances cadmium-induced oxidative stress resistance in stock ( Matthiola incana L.). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2331357. [PMID: 38564424 PMCID: PMC10989696 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2331357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Ornamental crops particularly cut flowers are considered sensitive to heavy metals (HMs) induced oxidative stress condition. Melatonin (MLT) is a versatile phytohormone with the ability to mitigate abiotic stresses induced oxidative stress in plants. Similarly, signaling molecules such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have emerged as potential options for resolving HMs related problems in plants. The mechanisms underlying the combined application of MLT and H2S are not yet explored. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of individual and combined applications of MLT (100 μM) and H2S in the form of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, (1.5 mM) to alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress (50 mg L-1) in stock (Matthiola incana L.) plants by measuring various morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics. The results depicted that Cd-stress inhibited growth, photosynthesis and induced Cd-associated oxidative stress as depicted by excessive ROS accumulation. Combined application of MLT and H2S efficiently recovered all these attributes. Furthermore, Cd stress-induced oxidative stress markers including electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide are partially reversed in Cd-stressed plants by MLT and H2S application. This might be attributed to MLT or H2S induced antioxidant plant defense activities, which effectively reduce the severity of oxidative stress indicators. Overall, MLT and H2S supplementation, favorably regulated Cd tolerance in stock; yet, the combined use had a greater effect on Cd tolerance than the independent application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - John T. Hancock
- School of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Luo H, Zhang C, Zhang S, Song W, Chen H. Influence of sulfur and selenium application on wheat growth in arsenic-contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 290:117543. [PMID: 39675075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
Wheat could become poisoned when grown in soil with high arsenic (As) content. It is worthwhile to investigate the potential use of sulfur (S) and selenium (Se) for crop protection while detoxifying heavy metal(loid)s. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted under both single and combined application of the two elements. Their effects on wheat growth were analyzed based on As distribution in subcellular tissues and the variation in physiological and biochemical indicators. Despite wheat absorbing and enriching As under S and Se application, its growth status improved. Cell wall and vacuole sequestered majority of elevated As. Phytochelatins (PCs) content increased significantly in the roots, particularly when Se was applied alone. They could chelate with As using thiol groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was found to be considerably lower in leaves and without any discernible increase in roots. Peroxidase (POD) activity in roots/stems and/or catalase (CAT) activity in stems increased, and exerted antioxidant effects. The leaf was well protected, and its chlorophyll content significantly increased. The application of S alone had a relatively weaker effect on reducing As content in grains, but the mixed application of Se could induce an inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chipeng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Shunyuan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wansheng Song
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Han Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Zhang K, Wang H, Mo L, Huang X, Yuan C, Liu C. Melatonin attenuates degenerative disc degression by downregulating DLX5 via the TGF/Smad2/3 pathway in nucleus pulposus cells. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e70014. [PMID: 39539538 PMCID: PMC11558270 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.70014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the leading cause of low back pain, and apoptosis plays a key role in its pathogenesis. Distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) has been reported to induce cell apoptosis. Melatonin, as a powerful antiapoptotic agent, has been widely reported. Aim This study aimed to investigate the role of DLX5 in the pathogenesis of IVDD and the potential therapeutic role of melatonin in targeting DLX5 in IVDD. Materials & Methods Western blotting, RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, si-DLX5, Ex-DLX5, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence were used to examine the regulatory effect of DLX5 on apoptosis. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by the intraperitoneal injection of melatonin into IVDD mice. Results The expression level of DLX5 is significantly increased in IVDD, and the expression levels were positively correlated with the grade of IVDD. DLX5 was significantly upregulated in TNF-α-induced degenerative NP cells. Degenerative NP cells transfected with si-DLX5 exhibited significantly less apoptosis than control cells. Melatonin significantly alleviated IVDD in surgically induced IVDD model mice. Discussion The results revealed that the expression of DLX5 was positively correlated with the severity of IVDD and that melatonin ameliorated DLX5-induced apoptosis and extracellular matrix imbalance by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This study may provide therapeutic strategies to alleviate inflammation-induced apoptosis IVDD-associated inflammation-induced apoptosis. Conclusion DLX5 plays an important role in IVDD progression by promoting apoptosis, and melatonin represents a promising therapeutic strategy for alleviating IVDD-associated inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuibo Zhang
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Spine SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ling Mo
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Research Institute for Orthopedics & Traumatology of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chao Yuan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Research Institute for Orthopedics & Traumatology of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Caijun Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Research Institute for Orthopedics & Traumatology of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Pan G, Hu J, Zi Z, Wang W, Li X, Xu X, Liu W. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate Mn phytotoxicity by altering Mn subcellular distribution and chemical forms in Lespedeza davidii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1470063. [PMID: 39665109 PMCID: PMC11631616 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1470063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can relieve manganese (Mn) phytotoxicity and promote plant growth under Mn stress, but their roles remain unclear. Methods In this study, Lespedeza davidii inoculated with or without AMF (Glomus mosseae) under different Mn concentrations (0 mmol/L, 1 mmol/L, 5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L, and 20 mmol/L) was cultivated via a pot experiment, and plant biomass, physiological and biochemical characteristics, manganese absorption, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms of Mn were examined. Results The results showed that root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, and total individual biomass decreased under high Mn concentrations (above 10 mmol/L), and the inoculated plants had higher biomass than the uninoculated plants. With the increasing Mn concentration, the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased first and then decreased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free proline, SOD, POD, and CAT in the inoculated group were higher than those in the uninoculated group at the Mn concentration of 20 mmol/L. The content of MDA in the inoculated plants was lower than that in the uninoculated plants. AMF inoculation enriched most of the manganese in the root system when compared with the non-mycorrhizal treatment. Subcellular distribution of Mn indicated that most of the Mn ions were stored in the cell wall and the vacuoles (the soluble fractions), and the proportion of Mn content in the cell wall components and the vacuole components in leaves in the inoculated group was higher than that in the uninoculated group. Furthermore, the proportions of Mn extracted using ethanol and deionized water in the uninoculated group in stems and roots were higher than those in the inoculated group, which suggested that AMF could convert Mn into inactive forms. Discussion The present study demonstrated that AMF could improve the resistance of L. davidii to Mn toxicity by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and altering the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Mn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Pan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jiayao Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Zi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xinhang Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Wensheng Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Yang X, Feng K, Wang G, Zhang S, Shi Q, Wang X, Song X, Dong S, Wen Y, Guo P, Wang Y, Zhao J, Yuan X, Ren J. Chitosan nanoparticles alleviate chromium toxicity by modulating metabolic homeostasis and promoting chromium sequestration in Zea mays L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 282:137322. [PMID: 39515685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been proposed as a potential alternative in alleviating chromium (Cr) toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying remains poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of CSNPs on carbon/nitrogen metabolism, cell wall Cr binding capacity, and antioxidant activity in Zea mays L. under Cr stress. Cr stress decreased the total dry weight (DW) by 48.5 %. By contrast, the total DW was reduced by only 26.2 % in CSNPs-treated plants. Analysis of transcriptomic, enzyme activity, and metabolite content data, CSNPs-treated plants exhibited a higher level of relatively stable Carbon and Nitrogen metabolism than untreated plants. CSNPs application resulted in a substantial increase in the levels of sucrose and soluble protein by 78.0 % and 19.4 % in the leaves, and 60.0 % and 59.7 % in the roots, respectively. Meanwhile, CSNPs increased the contents of glutathione, phytochelatin, and cell wall polysaccharide. This increase resulted in a higher retention of Cr in vacuole and cell wall. Additionally, CSNPs alleviated the oxidative damage by improving antioxidant activity. Overall, our results suggest that CSNPs alleviates Cr toxicity by modulating metabolic homeostasis and promoting Cr sequestration in maize plants. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying CSNPs-mediated Cr stress response with potential implications for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ke Feng
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Guo Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Shifang Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Qifeng Shi
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Xie Song
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Shuqi Dong
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Yinyuan Wen
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Pingyi Guo
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Yuguo Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China.
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China.
| | - Jianhong Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030800, China.
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Nazir MM, Li G, Nawaz M, Noman M, Zulfiqar F, Ahmed T, Jalil S, Ijaz M, Kuzyakov Y, Du D. Ionic and nano calcium to reduce cadmium and arsenic toxicity in plants: Review of mechanisms and potentials. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109169. [PMID: 39369650 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural soils with heavy metal(loid)s like arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) is an ever increasing concern for crop production, quality, and global food security. Numerous in-situ and ex-situ remediation approaches have been developed to reduce As and Cd contamination in soils. However, field-scale applications of conventional remediation techniques are limited due to the associated environmental risks, low efficacy, and large capital investments. Recently, calcium (Ca) and Ca-based nano-formulations have emerged as promising solutions with the large potential to mitigate As and Cd toxicity in soil for plants. This review provides comprehensive insights into the phytotoxic effects of As and Cd stress/toxicity and discusses the applications of Ca-based ionic and nano-agrochemicals to alleviate As and Cd toxicity in important crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and barley. Further, various molecular and physiological mechanisms induced by ionic and nano Ca to mitigate As and Cd stress/toxicity in plants are discussed. This review also critically analyzes the efficiency of these emerging Ca-based approaches, both ionic and nano-formulations, in mitigating As and Cd toxicity in comparison to conventional remediation techniques. Additionally, future perspectives and ecological concerns of the remediation approaches encompassing ionic and nano Ca have been discussed. Overall, the review provides an updated and in-depth knowledge for developing sustainable and effective strategies to address the challenges posed by As and Cd contamination in agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mudassir Nazir
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanlin Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Mohsin Nawaz
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Life Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sanaullah Jalil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Munazza Ijaz
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daolin Du
- Jingjiang College, Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Mishra V, Tripathi DK, Rai P, Sharma S, Singh VP. Regulation of arsenate stress by nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in Oryza sativa seedlings: Implication of sulfur assimilation, glutathione biosynthesis, and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and its genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109001. [PMID: 39213945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Seed priming by nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in combating against abiotic stress in plants is well documented. However, knowledge of fundamental mechanisms of their crosstalk is scrambled. Therefore, the reported study examined the probable role of NO and H2S in the mitigation of arsenate toxicity (As(V)) in rice seedlings and whether their potential signalling routes crossover. Results report that As(V) toxicity limited shoot and root length growth with more As accumulation in roots. As(V) further caused elevated reactive oxygen species levels, inhibited ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes and relative gene expression of its enzymes and thus, causing lipid and protein oxidation. These results correlate with reduced nitric oxide synthase-like and L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity along with endogenous NO and H2S. While, L-NAME or PAG augmented As(V) toxicity, and addition of SNP or NaHS effectively reversed their respective effects. Furthermore, SNP under PAG or NaHS under L-NAME were able to pacify As(V) stress, implicating that endogenous NO and H2S efficiently ameliorate As(V) toxicity but without their shared signaling in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
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Luo P, Wu J, Li TT, Shi P, Ma Q, Di DW. An Overview of the Mechanisms through Which Plants Regulate ROS Homeostasis under Cadmium Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1174. [PMID: 39456428 PMCID: PMC11505430 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd2+) is a non-essential and highly toxic element to all organic life forms, including plants and humans. In response to Cd stress, plants have evolved multiple protective mechanisms, such as Cd2+ chelation, vesicle sequestration, the regulation of Cd2+ uptake, and enhanced antioxidant defenses. When Cd2+ accumulates in plants to a certain level, it triggers a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to chlorosis, growth retardation, and potentially death. To counteract this, plants utilize a complex network of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems to manage ROS and protect cells from oxidative damage. This review systematically summarizes how various elements, including nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, iron, and zinc, as well as phytohormones such as abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, and signaling molecules like nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydrogen sulfide, regulate the antioxidant system under Cd stress. Furthermore, it explores the mechanisms by which exogenous regulators can enhance the antioxidant capacity and mitigate Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China;
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing (UCASNJ), Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Peihua Shi
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, China;
| | - Qi Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Dong-Wei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing (UCASNJ), Nanjing 211135, China
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9
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Khan S, Alvi AF, Fatma M, Al-Hashimi A, Sofo A, Khan NA. Relative effects of melatonin and hydrogen sulfide treatments in mitigating salt damage in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1406092. [PMID: 39119490 PMCID: PMC11306083 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1406092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, impacting the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. This study investigates the potential of melatonin (MT; 100 µM) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S; 200 µM sodium hydrosulfide, NaHS) to confer the tolerance of wheat plants to 100 mM NaCl. Salinity stress induced the outburst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in damage to the chloroplast structure, growth, photosynthesis, and yield. Application of either MT or NaHS augmented the activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, upregulated the expression of Na+ transport genes (SOS1, SOS2, SOS3, NHX1), resulting in mitigation of salinity stress. Thus, improved stomatal behavior, gas-exchange parameters, and maintenance of chloroplast structure resulted in enhanced activity of the Calvin cycle enzymes and overall enhancement of growth, photosynthetic, and yield performance of plants under salinity stress. The use of DL-propargylglycine (PAG, an inhibitor of hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis) and p-chlorophenyl alanine (p-CPA, an inhibitor of melatonin biosynthesis) to plants under salt stress showed the comparative necessity of MT and H2S in mitigation of salinity stress. In the presence of PAG, more pronounced detrimental effects were observed than in the presence of p-CPA, emphasizing that MT was involved in mitigating salinity through various potential pathways, one of which was through H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ameena Fatima Alvi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mehar Fatma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures, Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, Matera, Italy
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Wu L, Yao X, Li H, Chen Y. Hydrogen sulfide regulates arsenic-induced cell death in yeast cells by modulating the antioxidative system. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:102-108. [PMID: 38096506 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a metal with potentially toxic effects on different organisms. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a vital role in mitigating heavy metal toxicity by reducing oxidative stress in plants and animals. However, the role of H2S in alleviating arsenic toxicity in yeast cells remains unclear. In this study, the role of NaHS (exogenous physiological H2S) in alleviating As-induced yeast cell death was investigated. Yeast cells in the logarithmic phase were pretreated with 0.05 mmol/L NaHS for 6 h, and then incubated in the YPD medium with or without 1 mmol/L As. After 12 h of treatment, relative survival rate, H2S content, oxidative stress biomarkers, and antioxidant machinery were measured. Our results showed that sodium arsenite-induced yeast cell death and pretreatment with 0.05 mmol/L NaHS significantly alleviated sodium arsenite-induced cell death. Under sodium arsenite conditions, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, accompanied by the inhibition of the catalase (CAT) activity and the downregulation of CTT1 expression. However, the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GPX) increased, and the expression of SOD1 and GPX2 was markedly upregulated in the group treated with sodium arsenite. When yeast cells were pretreated with NaHS, the intracellular ROS and MDA levels decreased significantly, and the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPX increased significantly. This was associated with a significant increase in relative survival rate and H2S content compared to the arsenic treatment alone. Our findings indicate that NaHS alleviates sodium arsenite-induced yeast cell death, mainly by enhancing the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wu
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Yuci, China
| | - Xia Yao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Yuci, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Yuci, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Yuci, China
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Kaya C, Shabala S. Melatonin improves drought stress tolerance of pepper ( Capsicum annuum) plants via upregulating nitrogen metabolism. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 37263757 DOI: 10.1071/fp23060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
While ameliorating effects of melatonin (MT) on abiotic stress tolerance in plants are widely reported, the mechanism that underlies this process remains elusive. This work investigated mechanisms by which MT improved drought tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum ) plants. A foliar spray of 0.1mM MT treatment was applied to plants grown at 80% and 40% of full field capacity for 3days. Drought stress caused a significant decrease in plant dry weight, relative water content, leaf water potential, PSII efficiency (F v /F m ratio), chlorophyll, soluble protein, leaf and root nitrogen content. Drought increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate, ammonium, free amino acids, soluble sugars, proline and glycine betaine. Drought also increased peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, electrolyte leakage (EL) and methylglyoxal (MG). MT pre-treatment reduced oxidative stress and improved nitrogen metabolism by activating various enzymes such as nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) and glutamine dehydrogenase (GDH) activities. It also activated enzymes related to the glyoxalase system (Gly I and Gly II) and decreased NO3 - , NH4 + and free amino acid content. Our study suggests a cost-effective and sustainable solution to improve crop productivity in water-limited conditions, by enhancing plant growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia; and School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; and International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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12
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Kaya C, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Citric acid and hydrogen sulfide cooperate to mitigate chromium stress in tomato plants by modulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, chromium sequestration, and subcellular allocation of chromium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122292. [PMID: 37536477 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in regulating chromium stress (Cr-S) tolerance of tomato plants treated with citric acid (CA). Prior to the Cr treatment, tomato plants were foliar-fed with CA (100 μM) daily for 3 days. Subsequently, the plants were grown for another ten days in a hydroponic system in a 50 μM Cr (VI) solution. Chromium treatment reduced photosynthetic pigments and plant biomass, but boosted the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) malondialdehyde (MDA), H2S, phytochelatins (PCs), and glutathione (GSH), electrolyte leakage (EL), and antioxidant enzyme activity in tomato plants. However, the foliar spray of CA mitigated the levels of H2O2, MDA, and EL, promoted plant growth and chlorophyll content, enhanced antioxidant enzymes' activities, and increased H2S production in Cr-S-tomato plants. CA also increased the levels of GSH and PCs, potentially reducing the toxicity of Cr through regulated sequestration. Additionally, the application of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, improved CA-induced Cr stress tolerance. The addition of CA promoted Cr accumulation in root cell wall and leaf vacuoles to suppress its toxicity. To assess the involvement of H2S in CA-mediated Cr-S tolerance, 0.1 mM hypotaurine (HT), an H2S scavenger, was provided to the control and Cr-S-plants along with CA and CA + NaHS. HT reduced the beneficial effects of CA by decreasing H2S production in tomato plants. However, the NaHS addition with CA + HT inverted the adverse impacts of HT, indicating that H2S is required for CA-induced Cr-S tolerance in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan; International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, The University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Sun C, Gao L, Xu L, Zheng Q, Sun S, Liu X, Zhang Z, Tian Z, Dai T, Sun J. Melatonin alleviates chromium toxicity by altering chromium subcellular distribution and enhancing antioxidant metabolism in wheat seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50743-50758. [PMID: 36797388 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous stimulating molecule melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MT) has an important function in mitigating the impact of multiple abiotic stressors. However, the ameliorating effect of MT on chromium (Cr) stress and its mechanisms remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the mitigating effect of exogenous MT (0 μM and 100 μM) on wheat seedlings under Cr (0 μM and 50 μM) stress stemming from the growth and physiological characteristics, phytochelatin (PC) biosynthesis, Cr subcellular distribution, and antioxidant system of the plants in these treatments. The results showed that endogenous MT application significantly promoted plant growth and improved root morphology of wheat seedlings under Cr stress due to decreased Cr and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in both roots and leaves. Accumulation and transport of Cr from roots to leaves were reduced by MT, because enhanced vacuolar sequestration via upregulated PC accumulation, took place, derived from the fact that MT upregulated the expression of key genes for PC synthesis (TaPCS and Taγ-ECS). Furthermore, MT pre-treatment alleviated Cr-induced oxidative damage by diminishing lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis, profiting from the enhanced scavenging ability of ROS as a result of the MT-induced increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, and the related encoding gene expression levels of TaSOD2, TaCAT, TaAPX, and TaGR. In conclusion, endogenous MT application improved the growth traits, antioxidant system, and decreased Cr accumulation especially at the leaf level in wheat seedlings under Cr stress mainly through enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and altering Cr subcellular distribution via strengthening PC biosynthesis. The mechanisms of MT-induced plant tolerance to Cr stress could help develop new strategies for secure crop production in Cr-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management of Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyun Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Li N, Zhai K, Yin Q, Gu Q, Zhang X, Melencion MG, Chen Z. Crosstalk between melatonin and reactive oxygen species in fruits and vegetables post-harvest preservation: An update. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1143511. [PMID: 36937352 PMCID: PMC10020600 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1143511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables contain numerous nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, and dietary fibers. They reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and the risk of certain chronic diseases, and improve the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. Moreover, melatonin was found in various fruits and vegetables species. Melatonin acts as a multifunctional compound to participate in various physiological processes. In recent years, many advances have been found that melatonin is also appraised as a key modulator on the fruits and vegetables post-harvest preservation. Fruits and vegetables post-harvest usually elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and accumulation. Excess ROS stimulate cell damage, protein structure destruction, and tissue aging, and thereby reducing their quality. Numerous studies find that exogenous application of melatonin modulates ROS homeostasis by regulating the antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants systems. Further evidences reveal that melatonin often interacts with hormones and other signaling molecules, such as ROS, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and etc. Among these 'new' molecules, crosstalks of melatonin and ROS, especially the H2O2 produced by RBOHs, are provided in fruits and vegetables post-harvest preservation in this review. It will provide reference for complicated integration of both melatonin and ROS as signal molecules in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Biology Department, Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Philippines
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Zhai
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Biology Department, Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Philippines
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan Gu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, China
| | - Xingtao Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Merced G. Melencion
- Biology Department, Center for Biodiversity Research and Extension in Mindanao, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Philippines
- *Correspondence: Merced G. Melencion, ; Ziping Chen,
| | - Ziping Chen
- Anhui Promotion Center for Technology Achievements Transfer, Anhui Academy of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Merced G. Melencion, ; Ziping Chen,
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