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Kannan MR, Punjal A, Puranik R, Pandey U, Prabhu S, Girisun TCS, Vijayakumar T. Experimental and Computational studies on Intramolecular charge transfer, Terahertz and Two photon absorption of 3-[(4-Nitrophenyl Azo)]-9H-Carbazole-9-Ethanol (NPACE) from their Vibrational spectra for Optical limiting and NLO applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123175. [PMID: 37586280 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-linear optical (NLO) features of 3-[(4-Nitrophenyl Azo)]-9H-Carbazole-9-Ethanol (NPACE) chromophore were investigated by FT-IR, FT-Raman, and UV-visible spectra aided by Density Functional Theory (DFT) using the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set of Gaussian 16 W package. It is observed from the DFT calculation that the slight increase in the endocyclic angle of C13 -C14 -C15 and the reduction in exocyclic angle of N40 -N39 -C14 and C15 -C14 -N39 ascertained by experimental XRD values indicating the intramolecular charge-transfer interaction between the carbazole and nitrophenyl group through the diazo bridge. The vibrational contribution to the linear electro-optic effect is 15% of the total hyperpolarizability being calculated at B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) for the NPACE molecule. It is also observed that the 8a, 19a, and 19b modes of the carbazole ring and the 8a, 8b, and 19b modes of the phenyl ring are found to be simultaneously and intensely active in IR and Raman spectra explaining the charge transfer interactions throughout the molecule. The low value of the HOMO- LUMO energy gap (2.5843 eV) and the deviation between the measured absorption wavelength (3.36 eV) from the computed (3.87 eV), both these facts substantiate the intramolecular charge transfer. The polarizability and first-order hyperpolarizability were calculated as 6.48 × 10-24 and 3.8 × 10-29 esu, respectively. The second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement experiment of NPACE was carried out using the powder method. The SHG efficiency is measured in comparison with the urea standard. The calculated torsional mode at 20 cm-1 is in excellent quantitative agreement with the experimentally determined terahertz absorption peak. The two-photon absorption coefficient of NPACE was estimated to be 0.9 × 10-11 mW-1, which is mainly due to the D-π-A type of molecular structure, and the optical limiting threshold for NPACE was estimated to be 1.52 × 1013 Wm-2 enabling this material as a potential candidate for optical limiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Kannan
- Futuristic Materials Research Centre for Planetary Exploration, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ajinkya Punjal
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, India
| | - Ruturaj Puranik
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, India
| | - Utkarsh Pandey
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, India
| | - Shriganesh Prabhu
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, India
| | - T C Sabari Girisun
- Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathidasan university, Tiruchirapalli 620024, India
| | - T Vijayakumar
- Futuristic Materials Research Centre for Planetary Exploration, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, India.
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Shah A, Duponchel B, Gowda A, Kumar S, Becuwe M, Davoisne C, Legrand C, Douali R, Singh DP. Charge transport in phenazine-fused triphenylene discotic mesogens doped with CdS nanowires. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03290e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of oleylamine capped CdS nanowires and we have dispersed a small optimized amount of these NWs in the Colh phase of a recently synthesized phenazine-fused-triphenylene discotic liquid crystal to understand the temperature-dependent charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Shah
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
- UR 4476
- UDSMM
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires
- F-62228 Calais
| | - Benoit Duponchel
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
- UR 4476
- UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires
- F-59140 Dunkerque
- France
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar
- Raman Research Institute
- Bangalore
- India
- Department of Chemistry
- Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology (NMIT)
| | - Matthieu Becuwe
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS)
- UMR CNRS 7314
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)
- Amiens
- France
| | - Carine Davoisne
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides (LRCS)
- UMR CNRS 7314
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)
- Amiens
- France
| | - Christian Legrand
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
- UR 4476
- UDSMM
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires
- F-62228 Calais
| | - Redouane Douali
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
- UR 4476
- UDSMM
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires
- F-62228 Calais
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
- UR 4476
- UDSMM
- Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires
- F-62228 Calais
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Gupta M, Gupta SP, Pal SK. TNF Induced Switching of Columnar Rectangular to Hexagonal Assemblies in a New Class of Triphenylene-Based Room Temperature Discotic Liquid Crystals. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8593-8602. [PMID: 28817282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of triphenylene-based oligomeric systems that self-organize into room temperature columnar structures is presented. The compounds with longer spacer length (m = 10 and 12) exhibit columnar rectangular (Colr) mesophase whereas the compound with m = 8 exists in glassy Colr state. Interestingly, the Colr self-assembly of these compounds switches to columnar hexagonal (Colh) on doping the compounds with 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF). For the dopant concentration of 1:1 with respect to native compound, an intermediate transition state between Colr and Colh phase was observed which completely transformed into the hexagonal phase on increasing the concentration to 1:2 (compound: TNF) and afterward. Both the Colr and Colh self-assemblies have been well resolved by detailed X-ray analysis. These kind of oligomeric compounds generally possess a combination of desirable alignment properties analogous to monomeric compounds and long-lived glassy states similar to that of polymeric mesogens. In addition, charge hopping behavior is expected to increase in these compounds due to donor-acceptor interactions. Overall, these compounds can find possible potential applications in semiconductor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Santosh Prasad Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, Kostidou A, Kapernaum N, Litterscheidt J, Haenle JC, Staffeld P, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Discotic Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1139-241. [PMID: 26483267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antonia Kostidou
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadia Kapernaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juri Litterscheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Christian Haenle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Staffeld
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ni H, Meng N, Ma K, Zhao J, Zhu D. Experimental and DFT studies on the vibrational and electronic spectra of 9-p-tolyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 135:296-306. [PMID: 25078462 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.06.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The compound 9-p-tolyl-9H-carbazole-3-carbaldehyde (HCCD) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV-Vis spectra. The X-ray diffraction study showed that HCCD has a Z-configuration. The benzene ring including methyl is twisted from the mean plane of the carbazole group by 59.7(3)°, which is comparable with the calculated result 65° for B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p) method. Vibrational spectra and electronic spectra measurements were made for the compound. Optimized geometrical structure and harmonic vibrational frequencies were computed with B-based DFT (BLYP, B3LYP and cam-B3LYP) methods, and WB-based DFT (WB97, WB97X and WB97XD) methods and ab initio RHF method using 6-311++G(d, p) basis set. Assignments of the observed spectra were proposed. The equilibrium geometries computed by all of the methods were compared with X-ray diffraction results. The absorption spectra of the title compound were computed both in gas phase and in DMF solution using TD-(cam)B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p) and PCM-(cam)B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p) approaches, respectively. The calculated results provide good descriptions of the bands maxima in the observed electronic spectrum. Temperature dependence of thermodynamic parameters in the range of 100-1000 K was determined. The natural atomic hybrids were calculated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Haiwei Ni
- Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Nana Meng
- Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Kuirong Ma
- Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianying Zhao
- Huaian Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Conversion and Energy Storage Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dunru Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Haverkate LA, Zbiri M, Johnson MR, Carter E, Kotlewski A, Picken S, Mulder FM, Kearley GJ. Electronic and vibronic properties of a discotic liquid-crystal and its charge transfer complex. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:014903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4856815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Haverkate LA, Zbiri M, Johnson MR, Deme B, de Groot HJM, Lefeber F, Kotlewski A, Picken SJ, Mulder FM, Kearley GJ. On the Morphology of a Discotic Liquid Crystalline Charge Transfer Complex. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13098-105. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306412u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A. Haverkate
- RID, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Zbiri
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Bruno Deme
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Huub J. M. de Groot
- Biophysical Org. Chemistry Solid
State NMR, Leiden University, LIC, NL-2333
CC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Fons Lefeber
- Biophysical Org. Chemistry Solid
State NMR, Leiden University, LIC, NL-2333
CC Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arkadiusz Kotlewski
- ChemE-NSM, Faculty of Chemistry, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL/136 Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J. Picken
- ChemE-NSM, Faculty of Chemistry, Delft University of Technology, 2628BL/136 Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fokko M. Mulder
- RID, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gordon J. Kearley
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia
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Roy B, De N, Majumdar KC. Advances in Metal-Free Heterocycle-Based Columnar Liquid Crystals. Chemistry 2012; 18:14560-88. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Manickam M, Iqbal P, Belloni M, Kumar S, Preece JA. A Brief Review of Carbazole-Based Photorefractive Liquid Crystalline Materials. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Gallardo H, Ferreira M, Vieira AA, Westphal E, Molin F, Eccher J, Bechtold IH. Columnar mesomorphism of bent-rod mesogens containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Akopova OB, Usol’tseva NV. Design of low-molecular-mass and polymeric discotic mesogenes. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x10100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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The effect of substitution on reorganization energy and charge mobility in metal free phthalocyanine. Chem Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chen L, Kim J, Ishizuka T, Honsho Y, Saeki A, Seki S, Ihee H, Jiang D. Noncovalently Netted, Photoconductive Sheets with Extremely High Carrier Mobility and Conduction Anisotropy from Triphenylene-Fused Metal Trigon Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:7287-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ja901357h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jangbae Kim
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Honsho
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hyotcherl Ihee
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Donglin Jiang
- Department of Materials Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science and PRESTO, JST, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan, Center for Time-Resolved Diffraction, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and PRESTO, JST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Sienkowska MJ, Monobe H, Kaszynski P, Shimizu Y. Photoconductivity of liquid crystalline derivatives of pyrene and carbazole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b612253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Hebda M, Stochel G, Szaciłowski K, Macyk W. Optoelectronic Switches Based on Wide Band Gap Semiconductors. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:15275-83. [PMID: 16884245 DOI: 10.1021/jp061262b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Switching of photocurrent direction in semiconducting systems upon changes of the electrode potential or incident light wavelength was realized by a series of photoelectrodes covered with titania modified with pentacyanoferrate complexes, [Fe(CN)(5)L](n)(-) (L = NH(3), thiodiethanol, thiodipropanol). These materials were characterized by optical spectroscopy and electrochemistry. The structure of the surface complexes was modeled using simple quantum-chemical models. The electrodes described in this paper enable control of the photocurrent direction by two stimuli: Changing the wavelength or the photoelectrode potential easily switches the direction of photocurrent. The materials are different from those of similar characteristics studied by other authors: They are not composites comprising of two types of semiconductors but rather engineered uniform materials. The photocurrent switching phenomenon is an intrinsic feature resulting from a specific electronic structure of the surface-modified semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Hebda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Gómez-Lor B, Alonso B, Omenat A, Serrano JL. Electroactive C3symmetric discotic liquid-crystalline triindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:5012-4. [PMID: 17146511 DOI: 10.1039/b611965d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Discotic liquid crystals based on triindole, a novel redox active central core, have been synthesized and their mesomorphic behaviour investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gómez-Lor
- Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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