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DelPo C, Kudisch B, Park KH, Khan SUZ, Fassioli F, Fausti D, Rand BP, Scholes GD. Polariton Transitions in Femtosecond Transient Absorption Studies of Ultrastrong Light-Molecule Coupling. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2667-2674. [PMID: 32186878 PMCID: PMC8154840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Strong light-matter coupling is emerging as a fascinating way to tune optical properties and modify the photophysics of molecular systems. In this work, we studied a molecular chromophore under strong coupling with the optical mode of a Fabry-Perot cavity resonant to the first electronic absorption band. Using femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, we investigated the transient response of the cavity-coupled molecules upon photoexcitation resonant to the upper and lower polaritons. We identified an excited state absorption from upper and lower polaritons to a state at the energy of the second cavity mode. Quantum mechanical calculations of the many-molecule energy structure of cavity polaritons suggest assignment of this state as a two-particle polaritonic state with optically allowed transitions from the upper and lower polaritons. We provide new physical insight into the role of two-particle polaritonic states in explaining transient signatures in hybrid light-matter coupling systems consistent with analogous many-body systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney
A. DelPo
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Bryan Kudisch
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Saeed-Uz-Zaman Khan
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- SISSA−
Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste 34136, Italy
| | - Daniele Fausti
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone
Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada
Statale 14 - km 163.5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barry P. Rand
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Andlinger
Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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2
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Liu A, Almeida DB, Bae WK, Padilha LA, Cundiff ST. Simultaneous Existence of Confined and Delocalized Vibrational Modes in Colloidal Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:6144-6150. [PMID: 31556615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coupling to phonon modes is a primary mechanism of excitonic dephasing and energy loss in semiconductors. However, low-energy phonons in colloidal quantum dots and their coupling to excitons are poorly understood because their experimental signatures are weak and usually obscured by the unavoidable inhomogeneous broadening of colloidal dot ensembles. We use multidimensional coherent spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures to extract the homogeneous nonlinear optical response of excitons in a CdSe/CdZnS core/shell colloidal quantum dot ensemble. A comparison to the simulation provides evidence that the observed lineshapes arise from the coexistence of confined and delocalized vibrational modes, both of which couple strongly to excitons in CdSe/CdZnS colloidal quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Liu
- Department of Physics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Diogo B Almeida
- Department of Physics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Wan-Ki Bae
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , 16419 Gyeonggi , Republic of Korea
| | - Lazaro A Padilha
- Instituto de Fisica "Gleb Wataghin" , Universidade de Campinas , Campinas , 13083-970 Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Steven T Cundiff
- Department of Physics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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3
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Goswami D. Spectrally resolved photon-echo spectroscopy of CdSe quantum dots at far from resonance excitation condition
$$^{\S }$$
§. J CHEM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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4
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Dong S, Trivedi D, Chakrabortty S, Kobayashi T, Chan Y, Prezhdo OV, Loh ZH. Observation of an Excitonic Quantum Coherence in CdSe Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6875-82. [PMID: 26359970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent observations of excitonic coherences within photosynthetic complexes suggest that quantum coherences could enhance biological light harvesting efficiencies. Here, we employ optical pump-probe spectroscopy with few-femtosecond pulses to observe an excitonic quantum coherence in CdSe nanocrystals, a prototypical artificial light harvesting system. This coherence, which encodes the high-speed migration of charge over nanometer length scales, is also found to markedly alter the displacement amplitudes of phonons, signaling dynamics in the non-Born-Oppenheimer regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Dong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Dhara Trivedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Sabyasachi Chakrabortty
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications , 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K'Gobancho , 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University , 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
| | - Yinthai Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, A*STAR , 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Zhi-Heng Loh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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5
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Seibt J, Hansen T, Pullerits T. 3D Spectroscopy of Vibrational Coherences in Quantum Dots: Theory. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:11124-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4011444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Seibt
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box
124, SE-21000, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thorsten Hansen
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box
124, SE-21000, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Pullerits
- Department
of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box
124, SE-21000, Lund, Sweden
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6
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Griffin GB, Ithurria S, Dolzhnikov DS, Linkin A, Talapin DV, Engel GS. Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of CdSe nanoparticles at very low pulse power. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:014705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4772465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Hirosawa Y, Kouzai H, Miyagawa H, Tsurumachi N, Koshiba S, Nakanishi S, Biju V, Ishikawa M. Dynamic Interactions of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots with Cyclic Solvents Probed by Femtosecond Four-Wave Mixing. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20134104036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Graham MW, Ma YZ, Green AA, Hersam MC, Fleming GR. Pure optical dephasing dynamics in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:034504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3530582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Wong CY, Scholes GD. Biexcitonic Fine Structure of CdSe Nanocrystals Probed by Polarization-Dependent Two-Dimensional Photon Echo Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2010; 115:3797-806. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1079197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Y. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Institute for Optical Sciences, and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, Institute for Optical Sciences, and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada
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Oh MHJ, Salvador MR, Wong CY, Scholes GD. Three-Pulse Photon-Echo Peak Shift Spectroscopy and Its Application for the Study of Solvation and Nanoscale Excitons. Chemphyschem 2010; 12:88-100. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Kim J, Mukamel S, Scholes GD. Two-dimensional electronic double-quantum coherence spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2009; 42:1375-84. [PMID: 19552412 PMCID: PMC2775063 DOI: 10.1021/ar9000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The theory of electronic structure of many-electron systems, such as molecules, is extraordinarily complicated. A consideration of how electron density is distributed on average in the average field of the other electrons in the system, that is, mean field theory, is very instructive. However, quantitatively describing chemical bonds, reactions, and spectroscopy requires consideration of the way that electrons avoid each other while moving; this is called electron correlation (or in physics, the many-body problem for fermions). Although great progress has been made in theory, there is a need for incisive experimental tests for large molecular systems in the condensed phase. In this Account, we report a two-dimensional (2D) optical coherent spectroscopy that correlates the double-excited electronic states to constituent single-excited states. The technique, termed 2D double-quantum coherence spectroscopy (2D-DQCS), uses multiple, time-ordered ultrashort coherent optical pulses to create double- and single-quantum coherences over time intervals between the pulses. The resulting 2D electronic spectrum is a map of the energy correlation between the first excited state and two-photon allowed double-quantum states. The underlying principle of the experiment is that when the energy of the double-quantum state, viewed in simple models as a double HOMO-to-LUMO (highest occupied to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) excitation, equals twice that of a single excitation, then no signal is radiated. However, electron-electron interactions, a combination of exchange interactions and electron correlation, in real systems generates a signal that reveals precisely how the energy of the double-quantum resonance differs from twice the single-quantum resonance. The energy shift measured in this experiment reveals how the second excitation is perturbed by both the presence of the first excitation and the way that the other electrons in the system have responded to the presence of that first excitation. We compare a series of organic dye molecules and find that the energy offset for adding a second electronic excitation to the system relative to the first excitation is on the order of tens of millielectronvolts; it also depends quite sensitively on molecular geometry. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of 2D-DQCS for elucidating quantitative information about electron-electron interactions, many-electron wave functions, and electron correlation in electronic excited states and excitons. Our work helps illuminate the implications of electron correlation on chemical systems. In a broad sense, we are trying to help address the fundamental question "How do we go beyond the orbital representation of electrons in the chemical sciences?"
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Optical Sciences and Centre for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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He J, Lo SS, Kim J, Scholes GD. Control of exciton spin relaxation by electron-hole decoupling in type-II nanocrystal heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:4007-4013. [PMID: 18839999 DOI: 10.1021/nl802668s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The electron spin flip relaxation dynamics in type II CdSe/CdTe nanorod heterostructures are investigated by an ultrafast polarization transient grating technique. Photoexcited charge separation in the heterostructures suppresses the electron-hole exchange interaction and their recombination, which reduces the electron spin relaxation rate in CdSe nanocrystals by 1 order of magnitude compared to exciton relaxation. The electron orientation is preserved during charge transfer from CdTe to CdSe, and its relaxation time constant is found to be approximately 5 ps at 293 K in the CdSe part of these nanorods. This finding suggests that hole spin relaxation determines the exciton fine structure relaxation rate and therefore control of exciton spin relaxation in semiconductor nanostructures is possible by delocalizing or translating the hole density relative to the electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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