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Bertier P, Lavy L, Comte D, Feketeová L, Salbaing T, Azuma T, Calvo F, Farizon B, Farizon M, Märk TD. Energy Dispersion in Pyridinium-Water Nanodroplets upon Irradiation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10235-10242. [PMID: 35382340 PMCID: PMC8973082 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Postirradiation dissociation of molecular clusters has been mainly studied assuming energy redistribution in the entire cluster prior to the dissociation. Here, the evaporation of water molecules from out-of-equilibrium pyridinium-water cluster ions was investigated using the recently developed correlated ion and neutral time-of-flight (COINTOF) mass spectrometry technique in combination with a velocity-map imaging (VMI) device. This special setup enables the measurement of velocity distributions of the evaporated molecules upon high-velocity collisions with an argon atom. The distributions measured for pyridinium-water cluster ions are found to have two distinct components. Besides a low-velocity contribution, which corresponds to the statistical evaporation of water molecules after nearly complete redistribution of the excitation energy within the clusters, a high-velocity contribution is also found in which the molecules are evaporated before the energy redistribution is complete. These two different evaporation modes were previously observed and described for protonated water cluster ions. However, unlike in the case of pure water clusters, the low-velocity part of the distributions for pyridinium-doped water clusters is itself composed of two distinct Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions, indicating that evaporated molecules originate in this case from out-of-equilibrium processes. Statistical molecular dynamics simulations were performed to (i) understand the effects caused in the ensuing evaporation process by the various excitation modes at different initial cluster constituents and to (ii) simulate the distributions resulting from sequential evaporations. The presence of a hydrophobic impurity in water clusters is shown to impact water molecule evaporation due to the energy storage in the internal degrees of freedom of the impurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bertier
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Atomic,
Molecular & Optics (AMO) Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - Léo Lavy
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Denis Comte
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Linda Feketeová
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thibaud Salbaing
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Toshiyuki Azuma
- Atomic,
Molecular & Optics (AMO) Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - Florent Calvo
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bernadette Farizon
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Farizon
- Université
de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon/IN2P3,
UMR5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Tilmann D. Märk
- Institut
für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Sonoda Y. Chain-Length-Dependent Photophysical Properties of α,ω-Di(4-pyridyl)polyenes: Effects of Solvent Polarity, Hydrogen Bond Formation, Protonation, and N-Alkylation. J Fluoresc 2021; 32:95-108. [PMID: 34562204 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the solvent effects on the photophysical properties of α,ω-di(4-pyridyl)polyenes 1-5 having 1-5 double bonds. The solution photoproperties depend strongly on conjugation chain length. The absorption maximum (λa) of dipyridylethylene 1 is observed at around 290 nm and only slightly redshifts as the solvent polarity increases, whereas its fluorescence maximum (λf) redshifts from 368 nm in hexane to 403 nm in acetonitrile. Although 1 is a centrosymmetric molecule, its fluorescence energy linearly correlates with the Onsager solvent polarity function f(ε) - f(n2) = (ε - 1)/(2ε + 1)-(n2 - 1)/(2n2 + 1), indicating that the emission originates from an intramolecular charge transfer (CT) excited state. Exceptionally, λf in methanol is largely blue-shifted to 341 nm from those in other aprotic solvents. The fluorescence solvatochromism of longer polyenes 2-5 is much less significant than that of 1. Upon protonation and N-alkylation, both the absorption and fluorescence spectra of all five compounds are red-shifted in methanol. The largest shifts in λa and λf on protonation are observed for pentaene 5 (73 nm) and diene 2 (57 nm), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Sonoda
- Research Institute for Advanced Electronics and Photonics, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Higashi 1-1-1, 305-8565, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Huang X, Aranguren JP, Ehrmaier J, Noble JA, Xie W, Sobolewski AL, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Domcke W. Photoinduced water oxidation in pyrimidine-water clusters: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12502-12514. [PMID: 32452507 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01562h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photocatalytic oxidation of water with molecular or polymeric N-heterocyclic chromophores is a topic of high current interest in the context of artificial photosynthesis, that is, the conversion of solar energy to clean fuels. Hydrogen-bonded clusters of N-heterocycles with water molecules in a molecular beam are simple model systems for which the basic mechanisms of photochemical water oxidation can be studied under well-defined conditions. In this work, we explored the photoinduced H-atom transfer reaction in pyrimidine-water clusters yielding pyrimidinyl and hydroxyl radicals with laser spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and trajectory-based ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The oxidation of water by photoexcited pyrimidine is unequivocally confirmed by the detection of the pyrimidinyl radical. The dynamics simulations provide information on the time scales and branching ratios of the reaction. While relaxation to local minima of the S1 potential-energy surface is the dominant reaction channel, the H-atom transfer reaction occurs on ultrafast time scales (faster than about 100 fs) with a branching ratio of a few percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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4
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Ehrmaier J, Huang X, Rabe EJ, Corp KL, Schlenker CW, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Molecular Design of Heptazine-Based Photocatalysts: Effect of Substituents on Photocatalytic Efficiency and Photostability. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3698-3710. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ehrmaier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching D-85747, Germany
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching D-85747, Germany
| | - Emily J. Rabe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Kathryn L. Corp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Cody W. Schlenker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching D-85747, Germany
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5
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Yamamoto K, Takatsuka K. Binuclear Mn oxo complex as a self-contained photocatalyst in water-splitting cycle: Role of additional Mn oxides as a buffer of electrons and protons. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:024115. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5139065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yamamoto
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takatsuka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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Yamamoto K, Takatsuka K. On the Elementary Chemical Mechanisms of Unidirectional Proton Transfers: A Nonadiabatic Electron-Wavepacket Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4125-4138. [PMID: 30977655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We propose a set of chemical reaction mechanisms of unidirectional proton transfers, which may possibly work as an elementary process in chemical and biological systems. Being theoretically derived based on our series of studies on charge separation dynamics in water splitting by Mn oxides, the present mechanisms have been constructed after careful exploration over the accumulated biological studies on cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and bacteriorhodopsin. In particular, we have focused on the biochemical findings in the literature that unidirectional transfers of approximately two protons are driven by one electron passage through the reaction center (binuclear center) in CcO, whereas no such dissipative electron transfer is believed to be demanded in the proton transport in bacteriorhodopsin. The proposed basic mechanisms of unidirectional proton transfers are further reduced to two elementary dynamical processes, namely, what we call the coupled proton and electron-wavepacket transfer (CPEWT) and the inverse CPEWT. To show that the proposed mechanisms can indeed be materialized in a molecular level, we construct model systems with possible molecules that are rather familiar in biological chemistry, for which we perform the ab initio calculations of full-dimensional nonadiabatic electron-wavepacket dynamics coupled with all nuclear motions including proton transfers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yamamoto
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry , Kyoto University , Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8103 , Japan
| | - Kazuo Takatsuka
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry , Kyoto University , Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8103 , Japan
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Pang X, Jiang C, Xie W, Domcke W. Photoinduced electron-driven proton transfer from water to an N-heterocyclic chromophore: nonadiabatic dynamics studies for pyridine–water clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:14073-14079. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We performed the excited-state dynamics simulations for pyridine–water clusters and found the more water molecules involved in the cluster, the higher efficiency the water-splitting reaction has, which is qualitatively in consistent with a recent gas-phase experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Pang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices
- China
- Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
| | - Chenwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices
- China
- Department of Applied Physics
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85747 Garching
- Germany
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