1
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Lin L, Zhang P, Li C, Hua Z, Cui H. Inhibitory effect of calcium phosphate-coated high-affinity liposomes on Staphylococcus aureus and its biofilms. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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2
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Tian HW, Xu Z, Li HB, Hu XY, Guo DS. Study on assembling compactness of amphiphilic calixarenes by fluorescence anisotropy. Supramol Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2022.2087523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wen Tian
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Karabulut S, Toprak M. Biophysical study of phloretin with human serum albumin in liposomes using spectroscopic methods. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2020; 49:463-472. [PMID: 32705322 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-020-01452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability of drugs to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of cell membranes is important for their metabolism, distribution, and efficacy. In this study, the interaction between phloretin and human serum albumin (HSA) in an L-egg lecithin phosphatidylcholine (PC) liposome suspension was investigated by fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopy. The spectroscopic and fluorescence quenching experiments show that phloretin molecules penetrated into the lumen of the liposome. The partition coefficient of phloretin in the PC liposome suspensions was calculated from fluorescence quenching measurements. The results show that phloretin efficiently quenches the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a combination of dynamic and static quenching. The values of Gibbs free energy, and the enthalpy and entropic change in the binding process of phloretin with HSA in the PC liposome suspensions were negative, suggesting that the binding process of phloretin and HSA was spontaneous. Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force interactions play an important role in the interaction between the two molecules. In addition, binding of phloretin to HSA in liposome suspensions was investigated by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karabulut
- Department of Chemistry, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Toprak
- Department of Chemistry, Bingol University, 12000, Bingol, Turkey.
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4
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Ruokonen SK, Ekholm FS, Wiedmer SK. Assessing the Interactions of Auristatin Derivatives with Mixed Phospholipid-Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Aggregate Dispersions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5232-5240. [PMID: 30889955 PMCID: PMC6727603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess what properties of the pseudostationary phases in electrokinetic capillary chromatography affect the interactions between monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and hydrophilically modified structural analogues thereof with various lipophilic phases. MMAE is a widely used cytotoxic agent in antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), which are used as selective biopharmaceutical drugs in the treatment of cancers. MMAE and its derivatives are highly lipophilic, yet they fail to interact with biomimicking phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylserine liposomes. To reveal what properties affect the interaction of the auristatin derivatives with cell plasma membrane-mimicking vesicles, capillary electrokinetic chromatography was used with four different types of micellar and vesicular pseudostationary phases: pure vesicles, mixed vesicles, mixed micelles, and pure micelles. Vesicular phases were composed of pure phospholipids [dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC)] and phospholipid-surfactant mixtures [sodium dodecyl sulfate, (SDS) with DMPC and DLPC] while the micellar phases comprised pure surfactant (SDS) and surfactant-phospholipid mixtures (SDS-DMPC and SDS-DLPC). In addition, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic light scattering were used to monitor the aggregate composition. Our data shows that the interaction between hydrophobic auristatin derivatives and hydrophobic pseudostationary phases critically depends on the type, size, and hydrogen bonding capability of the pseudostationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi-Katriina Ruokonen
- Department
of Chemistry, A. I. Virtasen
aukio 1, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filip S. Ekholm
- Department
of Chemistry, A. I. Virtasen
aukio 1, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Glykos Finland Ltd., Viikinkaari 6, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanne K. Wiedmer
- Department
of Chemistry, A. I. Virtasen
aukio 1, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Wang J, Jia R, Zheng X, Sun Z, Liu R, Zong W. Drinking water disinfection byproduct iodoacetic acid interacts with catalase and induces cytotoxicity in mouse primary hepatocytes. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:824-830. [PMID: 30048934 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are produced during the disinfection of drinking water and pose a hazard to human health. As a typical type of DBPs, iodoacetic acid (IAA) exhibits prominent cytotoxicity in mammalian cell systems which links with oxidative stress. However, little is known about the relationship of catalase (CAT) with the cytotoxicity of IAA and the adverse effects of IAA to CAT. This study investigated the effects of IAA on the cell viability and CAT activity in the mouse primary hepatocytes. It was shown that IAA exposure induced the loss of cell viability and the increase of intracellular CAT activity. Intracellular CAT activity significantly increased due to the stimulation of CAT production under IAA exposure. The molecular CAT activity was inhibited due to the direct interaction of IAA with HIS 74 and TYR 357 around the active sites of CAT. IAA binds to CAT with (4.05 ± 1.98) sites via van der Waals and hydrogen bonding interactions, resulting in the loosening of protein skeletons and the change of protein size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, PR China.
| | - Rui Jia
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30# Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China -America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 27# Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, PR China
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6
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Duša F, Chen W, Witos J, Wiedmer SK. Nanoplasmonic Sensing and Capillary Electrophoresis for Fast Screening of Interactions between Phosphatidylcholine Biomembranes and Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:5889-5900. [PMID: 29715032 PMCID: PMC6150717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic sensing (NPS), based on localized surface plasmon resonance, with sensors composed of glass covered with golden nanodisks and overlaid with a SiO2 coating was applied in this study. Egg phosphatidylcholine (eggPC), being an easily accessible membrane-forming lipid, was used for preparation of biomimicking membranes. Small unilamellar vesicles with an approximate hydrodynamic diameter of 30 nm, formed by sonication in 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid buffer, were adsorbed within 10 min on the sensor surface either as intact vesicles or as a planar bilayer. The adsorbed biomembrane systems were further utilized for interaction studies with four different well-known surfactants (negatively and positively charged, zwitterionic, and nonionic) and each surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Our results allowed the evaluation of different NPS patterns for every particular supported membrane system, surfactant, and its concentration. The most significant effect on the membrane was achieved upon the introduction of zwitterionic surfactant micelles, which in fact completely solubilized and removed the lipid membranes from the sensor surface. Other surfactant micelles interacted with the membranes and formed mixed structures remaining on the sensor surface. The studies performed at the concentrations below the CMCs of the surfactants showed that different mixed systems were formed. Depending on the supported membrane system and the type of surfactant, the mixed systems indicated different formation kinetics. Additionally, the final water rinse revealed the stability of the formed systems. To investigate the effect of the studied surfactants on the overall surface charge of the biomembrane, capillary electrophoresis (CE) experiments were carried out in parallel with the NPS analysis. The electroosmotic flow mobility of an eggPC-coated fused silica capillary was used to measure the total surface charge of the biomembrane after its treatment with the surfactants. Our results indicated in general good correlation between CE and NPS data. However, some discrepancies were seen while applying either zwitterionic or positively charged surfactants. This confirmed that CE analysis was able to provide additional data about the investigated systems. Taken together, the combination of NPS and CE proved to be an efficient way to describe the nature of interactions between biomimicking membranes and amphiphilic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Duša
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Wen Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanna Witos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Susanne K. Wiedmer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Alves AC, Ribeiro D, Horta M, Lima JLFC, Nunes C, Reis S. A biophysical approach to daunorubicin interaction with model membranes: relevance for the drug's biological activity. J R Soc Interface 2018; 14:rsif.2017.0408. [PMID: 28855387 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Daunorubicin is extensively used in chemotherapy for diverse types of cancer. Over the years, evidence has suggested that the mechanisms by which daunorubicin causes cytotoxic effects are also associated with interactions at the membrane level. The aim of the present work was to study the interplay between daunorubicin and mimetic membrane models composed of different ratios of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Chol). Several biophysical parameters were assessed using liposomes as mimetic model membranes. Thereby, the ability of daunorubicin to partition into lipid bilayers, its apparent location within the membrane and its effect on membrane fluidity were investigated. The results showed that daunorubicin has higher affinity for lipid bilayers composed of DMPC, followed by DMPC : SM, DMPC : Chol and lastly by DMPC : SM : Chol. The addition of SM or Chol into DMPC membranes not only increases the complexity of the model membrane but also decreases its fluidity, which, in turn, reduces the amount of anticancer drug that can partition into these mimetic models. Fluorescence quenching studies suggest a broad distribution of the drug across the bilayer thickness, with a preferential location in the phospholipid tails. The gathered data support that daunorubicin permeates all types of membranes to different degrees, interacts with phospholipids through electrostatic and hydrophobic bonds and causes alterations in the biophysical properties of the bilayers, namely in membrane fluidity. In fact, a decrease in membrane fluidity can be observed in the acyl region of the phospholipids. Ultimately, such outcomes can be correlated with daunorubicin's biological action, where membrane structure and lipid composition have an important role. In fact, the results indicate that the intercalation of daunorubicin between the phospholipids can also take place in rigid domains, such as rafts that are known to be involved in different receptor processes, which are important for cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Alves
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Horta
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José L F C Lima
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Salette Reis
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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8
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Chobisa D, Patel K, Monpara J, Patel M, Vavia P. Development and characterization of an organic solvent free, proliposomal formulation of Busulfan using quality by design approach. Int J Pharm 2018; 535:360-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Zdarta A, Dudzińska-Bajorek B, Nowak A, Guzik U, Kaczorek E. Impact of potent bioremediation enhancing plant extracts on Raoultella ornithinolytica properties. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:274-282. [PMID: 28755644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long-term contact of microorganisms with different compounds in the environment can cause significant changes in cell metabolism. Surfactants adsorption on cell surface or incorporation in the cell membrane, lead to their modification, which helps microorganisms adopt to the conditions of metabolic stress. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of three saponin-reach plant extracts from Hedera helix, Saponaria officinalis and Sapindus mucorossi on growth and adaptation of Raoultella ornithinolytica to high concentrations of these substances. For this purpose we investigated cell surface properties, membrane fatty acids and genetic changes of the microorganisms. The results revealed that prolonged exposure of the microorganisms to high concentrations of these surfactants can induce genetic changes of their genes. Moreover, the adaptation to contact with high concentrations of saponins was also associated with changes in composition of fatty acids responsible for the stabilisation of membrane structure and the increase in membrane permeability. The changes affected also the outer layer of cells. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the cell surface hydrophobicity of tested strain was also observed. The cells after long-term contact with S. officinalis and S. mucorossi acquire properties that may be favourable in hydrophobic substances bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - A Nowak
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - U Guzik
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Biochemistry, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - E Kaczorek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland.
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10
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Wang J, Wang J, Zhang L, Liu R, Zong W. Response of Catalase of the Mouse Primary Hepatocytes to Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate and the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3039-3047. [PMID: 28340295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the adverse effects of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonates (SDBS) on mouse primary hepatocytes by conducting cell viability, intracellular oxidative stress level, and catalase (CAT) activity assays. It was shown that SDBS altered CAT activities, triggered oxidative stress, and thus exhibited cytotoxicity to the hepatocytes. Both the stimulation of intracellular CAT production and the inhibition of molecular CAT activity contributed to intracellular CAT activity change. Molecular mechanisms underlying CAT activity inhibition and structural changes were explored by isothermal titration calorimetry, multispectroscopy, and molecular docking studies. SDBS binds to CAT with 8.81 ± 0.751 sites via electrostatic forces, resulting in structural changes with α-helix significantly decreasing to 9.7 ± 1.2%. SDBS could interact with HIS 74, ASN 147, and TYR 357 around the active sites as well as TRP 185, ASP 127, and GLN 167 within the substrate channel and therefore might result in the inhibition of molecular CAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University , 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health , 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health , 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health , 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University , 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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11
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Smułek W, Zdarta A, Łuczak M, Krawczyk P, Jesionowski T, Kaczorek E. Sapindus saponins’ impact on hydrocarbon biodegradation by bacteria strains after short- and long-term contact with pollutant. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 142:207-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Toprak M. Fluorescence study on the interaction of human serum albumin with Butein in liposomes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 154:108-113. [PMID: 26519918 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of Butein with human serum albumin in L-egg lecithin phosphatidycholine (PC) liposome has been investigated by fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy. The results of the fluorescence measurement indicated that Butein effectively quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA via static quenching. The Stern–Volmer plots in all the liposome solutions showed a positive deviation from the linearity. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the hydrophobic interactions appeared be the major interaction forces between Butein and HSA. The effect of Butein on the conformation of HSA was also investigated by the synchronous fluorescence under the same experimental conditions. In addition, the partition coefficient of the Butein in the PC liposomes was also determined by using the fluorescence quenching process. The obtained results can be of biological significance in pharmacology and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Toprak
- Department of Chemistry, Bingol University, Bingol 12000, Turkey.
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13
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Koirala S, Roy B, Guha P, Bhattarai R, Sapkota M, Nahak P, Karmakar G, Mandal AK, Kumar A, Panda AK. Effect of double tailed cationic surfactants on the physicochemical behavior of hybrid vesicles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17774j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of vesicles along with the proposed models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Koirala
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Himalayan Pharmacy Institute
- India
| | - Biplab Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013
- India
| | - Pritam Guha
- Department of Microbiology
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721102
- India
| | - Ravi Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Himalayan Pharmacy Institute
- India
| | - Manish Sapkota
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Himalayan Pharmacy Institute
- India
| | - Prasant Nahak
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013
- India
| | - Gourab Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013
- India
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Microbiology
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721102
- India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013
- India
| | - Amiya Kumar Panda
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling-734013
- India
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
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14
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Olguín Y, Carrascosa LG, Lechuga LM, Young M. The effects of lipids and surfactants on TLR5-proteoliposome functionality for flagellin detection using surface plasmon resonance biosensing. Talanta 2014; 126:136-44. [PMID: 24881544 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of proteoliposomes as affinity elements in conjunction with a surface plasmon resonance sensor is a high-sensitivity alternative for the detection of multiple analytes. However, one of the most important aspects of these conformations is maintaining the functionality of the immobilized protein, which is determined by the choice of lipids and surfactants employed in the reconstitutions. Previously, we demonstrated the functionality of TLR5-proteoliposomes as screening affinity elements of bacterial flagellin. In this new study we change the conditions of immobilization of TLR5 and evaluate how the fluidity of the membrane and the final size of the liposomes affect the functionality of the construct and thus increase their utility as an affinity element for design of new biosensors. In particular, we used reconstructions into preformed liposomes composed of the lipids POPC, POPC-DMPC and POPC-POPE mediated by the use of surfactants OG, Triton X100, and DDM, respectively. The affinity results were evaluated by SPR technology proteoliposomes and were correlated with the anisotropic change in the membrane status; the final sizes of the proteoliposomes were estimated. Our results clearly show the dependence of fluidity and final size of the proteoliposomes with surface plasmon resonance affinity measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Olguín
- Biotechnology Center, Federico Santa Maria Technical University, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - L G Carrascosa
- Nanobiosensor and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Catàla de Nanociencia i Nanotecnología (ICN2), CSIC and CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L M Lechuga
- Nanobiosensor and Bioanalytical Applications Group, Institut Catàla de Nanociencia i Nanotecnología (ICN2), CSIC and CIBER-BBN, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Young
- Biotechnology Center, Federico Santa Maria Technical University, Valparaíso, Chile
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15
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Florindo C, Costa A, Matos C, Nunes SL, Matias AN, Duarte CMM, Rebelo LPN, Branco LC, Marrucho IM. Novel organic salts based on fluoroquinolone drugs: synthesis, bioavailability and toxicological profiles. Int J Pharm 2014; 469:179-89. [PMID: 24746413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to overcome the problems associated with low water solubility, and consequently low bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), novel organic salts containing fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin) were prepared, using an optimized synthetic procedure based on direct protonation, with different biocompatible counter ions such as mesylate, gluconate and glycolate. All the prepared organic salts were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, mass spectrometry and thermal analysis. Solubility studies in water and simulated biological fluids at 25°C and 37°C were also performed. Additionally, octanol-water and phospholipid-water partition coefficients were measured at 25°C. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory efficacy using an human cell model of intestinal epithelia (Caco-2 cells) were also evaluated and compared to those of the parent APIs. The adequate selection of the biocompatible anions allows the tuning of important physical, thermal and toxicological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Florindo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica,(1) Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Costa
- Departamento de Química, REQUIMTE-CQFB, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Carla Matos
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioengenharia e Química Biofarmacêutica, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto 4200-150, Portugal
| | - Sara L Nunes
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, 2781-901, Portugal
| | - Ana N Matias
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, 2781-901, Portugal
| | - Catarina M M Duarte
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, 2781-901, Portugal
| | - Luís Paulo N Rebelo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica,(1) Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Luís C Branco
- Departamento de Química, REQUIMTE-CQFB, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Isabel M Marrucho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica,(1) Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal.
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16
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Influence of curcumin-loaded cationic liposome on anticancer activity for cervical cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 114:349-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Evaluation of solubility and partition properties of ampicillin-based ionic liquids. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:553-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Shi L, Shi D, Nollert MU, Resasco DE, Striolo A. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Do Not Pierce Aqueous Phospholipid Bilayers at Low Salt Concentration. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:6749-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4039336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Shi
- The University of Oklahoma School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
73019, United States
| | - Dachuan Shi
- The University of Oklahoma School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
73019, United States
| | - Matthias U. Nollert
- The University of Oklahoma School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
73019, United States
| | - Daniel E. Resasco
- The University of Oklahoma School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
73019, United States
| | - Alberto Striolo
- The University of Oklahoma School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, Norman, Oklahoma
73019, United States
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19
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Esteves F, Moutinho C, Matos C. Correlation between octanol/water and liposome/water distribution coefficients and drug absorption of a set of pharmacologically active compounds. J Liposome Res 2013; 23:83-93. [PMID: 23464986 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2012.742539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Absorption and consequent therapeutic action are key issues in the development of new drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. In this sense, different models can be used to simulate biological membranes to predict the absorption of a drug. This work compared the octanol/water and the liposome/water models. The parameters used to relate the two models were the distribution coefficients between liposomes and water and octanol and water and the fraction of drug orally absorbed. For this study, 66 drugs were collected from literature sources and divided into four groups according to charge and ionization degree: neutral; positively charged; negatively charged; and partially ionized/zwitterionic. The results show a satisfactory linear correlation between the octanol and liposome systems for the neutral (R²= 0.9324) and partially ionized compounds (R²= 0.9367), contrary to the positive (R²= 0.4684) and negatively charged compounds (R²= 0.1487). In the case of neutral drugs, results were similar in both models because of the high fraction orally absorbed. However, for the charged drugs (positively, negatively, and partially ionized/zwitterionic), the liposomal model has a more-appropriate correlation with absorption than the octanol model. These results show that the neutral compounds only interact with membranes through hydrophobic bonds, whereas charged drugs favor electrostatic interactions established with the liposomes. With this work, we concluded that liposomes may be a more-appropriate biomembrane model than octanol for charged compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Esteves
- Grupo de Investigação em Bioengenharia e Química Biofarmacêutica, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
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20
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Alves F, Oliveira FS, Schröder B, Matos C, Marrucho IM. Synthesis, characterization, and liposome partition of a novel tetracycline derivative using the ionic liquids framework. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:1504-12. [PMID: 23450634 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been put on the development of new drug formulations using ionic liquid framework. In this work, two different species of abroad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic, tetracycline, are studied in terms of some important properties for antibiotics such as solubility in water and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. Tetracycline was used as cation, whereas docusate, a biocompatible anion, which enables the tailoring of the hydrophilicity of salts, was chosen as the anion. The developed innovative ion pair, tetracycline docusate, was characterized in terms of its thermal stability, water solubility, octanol-water, and liposome-water partition coefficients, using UV-vis spectrophotometry because of the absorbance of tetracycline around 270 nm. Egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes were used as cell membrane models, and the interactions of both tetracycline hydrochloride and tetracycline docusate with the liposomes were quantified by determination of the partition coefficient using derivative spectrophotometry. A theoretical model based on simple partition drugs between two different media was used to determine the partition coefficient in liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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21
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Bozkurt E, Bayraktutan T, Acar M, Toprak M. Spectroscopic studies on the interaction of fluorescein and safranine T in PC liposomes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 101:31-35. [PMID: 23099157 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the fluorescence quenching of fluorescein by safranine T in liposome media had been investigated systematically by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence decay lifetime measurements. The spectroscopic data were analyzed using a Stern-Volmer equation to determine the quenching process. The experimental results showed that the intrinsic fluorescence of fluorescein was strongly quenched by safranine T, and that the quenching mechanism was considered as static quenching by forming a ground-complex. The Stern-Volmer quenching constant Ksv, and the bimolecular quenching constant Kq were estimated. The distances between the donor (fluorescein) and the acceptor (safranine T) were calculated according to the Förster non-radiation energy transfer theory. In addition, the partition coefficient of the safranine T (Kp) in the L-egg lecithin phosphatidylcholine liposomes was also calculated by utilizing the fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Bozkurt
- Department of Chemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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22
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Zhao Y, Lu P, Li C, Fan X, Wen Q, Zhan Q, Shu X, Xu T, Zeng G. Adsorption mechanism of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate on carbon blacks by adsorption isotherm and zeta potential determinations. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:201-207. [PMID: 23530331 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2012.689366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Surfactant solutions were propounded to remove fine and hydrophobic carbon black particles from coal-fired flue gas. The adsorption mechanisms between sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS, an anionic surfactant) and carbon black particles in suspension were investigated. The influence of inorganic salt (NaCl) was also considered. As results showed, hydrophobic interactions contributed to the strong adsorption between SDBS and carbon black particles in the absence of NaCl, and adding NaCl affected the adsorption process. The adsorption amount of SDBS significantly increased when NaCl was added into the SDBS solution; however, when SDBS was in low concentration, the amount of adsorbed SDBS, which was responsible for the shift of zeta potentials, varied little under different concentrations of NaCl. This indicated that the adsorption of SDBS was mainly caused by hydrophobic interaction and Na+ could not change the adsorption of SDBS on adsorption site when SDBS was in low concentration. Moreover, the adsorbed SDBS and Na+ were retained in the Stern layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapei Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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23
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Liposomes as a model for the biological membrane: studies on daunorubicin bilayer interaction. J Membr Biol 2012; 245:69-75. [PMID: 22210277 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-011-9414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study the interaction of the antitumoral drug daunorubicin with egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC) liposomes, used as a cell membrane model, was quantified by determination of the partition coefficient (K(p)). The liposome/aqueous-phase K(p) of daunorubicin was determined by derivative spectrophotometry and measurement of the zeta-potential. Mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data, enabling determination of K(p). In the partition of daunorubicin within the membrane both superficial electrostatic and inner hydrophobic interactions seem to be involved. The results are affected by the two types of interaction since spectrophotometry measures mainly hydrophobic interactions, while zeta-potential is affected by both interpenetration of amphiphilic charged molecules in the bilayer and superficial electrostatic interaction. Moreover, the degree of the partition of daunorubicin with the membrane changes with the drug concentration, due mainly to saturation factors. Derivative spectrophotometry and zeta-potential variation results, together with the broad range of concentrations studied, revealed the different types of interactions involved. The mathematical formalism applied also allowed quantification of the number of lipid molecules associated with one drug molecule.
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24
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Gomes LR, Low JN, Rocha MA, Santos LM, Schröder B, Brandão P, Matos C, Neves J. Nickel(II) complexes of N′-(2-thienylcarbonyl)thiocarbamates O-alkyl-esters: Structural and spectroscopic characterization and evaluation of their microbiological activities. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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High-throughput microplate assay for the determination of drug partition coefficients. Nat Protoc 2010; 5:1823-30. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2010.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Saesoo S, Sramala I, Soottitantawat A, Charinpanitkul T, Ruktanonchai UR. Enhanced stability and in vitro bioactivity of surfactant-loaded liposomes containing Asiatic Pennywort extract. J Microencapsul 2010; 27:436-46. [PMID: 20001503 DOI: 10.3109/02652040903447686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work has been the microencapsulation of Asiatic Pennywort (AP) extract with lecithin from soybean. The effect of various quantities of non-ionic surfactant (Montanov82) on liposomes upon physicochemical characteristics as well as their in vitro bio-activities was investigated. An addition of surfactant resulted in a decrease in particle size and an increase in percentage AP entrapment efficiency of liposomes. The surfactant-loaded liposomes demonstrated higher stability than surfactant-free liposomes where higher percentage AP remaining of liposomes can be achieved depending on surfactant concentration. No significant difference was found on AP release profiles among varied surfactant concentrations, although a presence of surfactant resulted in prolonged AP release rate. Liposomal AP with 20% w/w surfactant or higher demonstrated low cytotoxicity, a stronger anti-oxidation effect and collagen production on dermal fibroblast cells when compared with free AP and surfactant-free liposomes, possibly due to better cell internalization and less AP degradation in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somsak Saesoo
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
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27
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Jonsson CM, Paraiba LC, Aoyama H. Metals and linear alkylbenzene sulphonate as inhibitors of the algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata acid phosphatase activity. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2009; 18:610-619. [PMID: 19418219 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge applied to soils as a fertilizer often contains metals and linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) as contaminants. These pollutants can be transported to the aquatic environment where they can alter the phosphatase activity in living organisms. The acid phosphatase of algae plays important roles in metabolism such as decomposing organic phosphate into free phosphate and autophagic digestive processes. The order of in vitro inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata acid phosphatase at the highest concentration tested was LAS > Hg2+ = Al3+ > Se4+ = Pb2+ > Cd2+. A non-competitive inhibition mechanism was obtained for Hg2+ (Ki = 0.040 mM) and a competitive inhibition for LAS (Ki = 0.007 mM). In vivo studies with treated algae cultures showed that the inhibition of specific activity was observed in algae exposed during 7 days, in contrast to short term (24 h) treatments with both these chemicals. Our results suggest that the inhibition parameters in vitro did not markedly differ between the two chemicals. On the other hand, in vivo evaluations showed strong differences between both pollutants regarding the concentration values and the degree of response.
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28
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Abstract
Surfactants are surface-active, amphiphilic compounds that are water-soluble in the micro- to millimolar range, and self-assemble to form micelles or other aggregates above a critical concentration. This definition comprises synthetic detergents as well as amphiphilic peptides and lipopeptides, bile salts and many other compounds. This paper reviews the biophysics of the interactions of surfactants with membranes of insoluble, naturally occurring lipids. It discusses structural, thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of membrane-water partitioning, changes in membrane properties induced by surfactants, membrane solubilisation to micelles and other phases formed by lipid-surfactant systems. Each section defines and derives key parameters, mentions experimental methods for their measurement and compiles and discusses published data. Additionally, a brief overview is given of surfactant-like effects in biological systems, technical applications of surfactants that involve membrane interactions, and surfactant-based protocols to study biological membranes.
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29
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Sánchez Rojas F, Bosch Ojeda C. Recent development in derivative ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrophotometry: 2004–2008. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 635:22-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Elegbede AI, Banerjee J, Hanson AJ, Tobwala S, Ganguli B, Wang R, Lu X, Srivastava DK, Mallik S. Mechanistic studies of the triggered release of liposomal contents by matrix metalloproteinase-9. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10633-42. [PMID: 18642903 PMCID: PMC2644422 DOI: 10.1021/ja801548g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a class of extracellular-matrix-degrading enzymes overexpressed in many cancers and contribute to the metastatic ability of the cancer cells. We have recently demonstrated that liposomal contents can be released when triggered by the enzyme MMP-9. Herein, we report the results of our mechanistic studies of the MMP-9-triggered release of liposomal contents. We synthesized peptides containing the cleavage site for MMP-9 and conjugated them with fatty acids to prepare the corresponding lipopeptides. By employing circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, we demonstrated that the lipopeptides, when incorporated into liposomes, are demixed in the lipid bilayers and generate triple-helical structures. MMP-9 cleaves the triple-helical peptides, leading to the release of the liposomal contents. Other MMPs, which cannot hydrolyze triple-helical peptides, fail to release the contents from the liposomes. We also observed that the rate and extent of release of the liposomal contents depend on the mismatch between the acyl chains of the synthesized lipopeptide and phospholipid components of the liposomes. CD spectroscopic studies imply that the observed differences in the release reflect the ability of the liposomal membrane to anneal the defects following the enzymatic cleavage of the liposome-incorporated lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle I. Elegbede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Jayati Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Andrea J. Hanson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Shakila Tobwala
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Bratati Ganguli
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Rongying Wang
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202
| | - Xiaoning Lu
- Proteomics Core Facility, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202
| | - D. K. Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105
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