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Garidel P, Kaconis Y, Heinbockel L, Wulf M, Gerber S, Munk A, Vill V, Brandenburg K. Self-Organisation, Thermotropic and Lyotropic Properties of Glycolipids Related to their Biological Implications. Open Biochem J 2015; 9:49-72. [PMID: 26464591 PMCID: PMC4598379 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01509010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids are amphiphilic molecules which bear an oligo- or polysaccharide as hydrophilic head group and hydrocarbon chains in varying numbers and lengths as hydrophobic part. They play an important role in life science as well as in material science. Their biological and physiological functions are quite diverse, ranging from mediators of cell-cell recognition processes, constituents of membrane domains or as membrane-forming units. Glycolipids form an exceptional class of liquid-crystal mesophases due to the fact that their self-organisation obeys more complex rules as compared to classical monophilic liquid-crystals. Like other amphiphiles, the supra-molecular structures formed by glycolipids are driven by their chemical structure; however, the details of this process are still hardly understood. Based on the synthesis of specific glycolipids with a clearly defined chemical structure, e.g., type and length of the sugar head group, acyl chain linkage, substitution pattern, hydrocarbon chain lengths and saturation, combined with a profound physico-chemical characterisation of the formed mesophases, the principles of the organisation in different aggregate structures of the glycolipids can be obtained. The importance of the observed and formed phases and their properties are discussed with respect to their biological and physiological relevance. The presented data describe briefly the strategies used for the synthesis of the used glycolipids. The main focus, however, lies on the thermotropic as well as lyotropic characterisation of the self-organised structures and formed phases based on physico-chemical and biophysical methods linked to their potential biological implications and relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Garidel
- Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle/Wittenberg, Mühlpforte 1, D-06108 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Yani Kaconis
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin und Biowissenschaften, Parkallee 1-40, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Lena Heinbockel
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin und Biowissenschaften, Parkallee 1-40, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Matthias Wulf
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Gerber
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Munk
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Vill
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin und Biowissenschaften, Parkallee 1-40, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
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Lai C, Zeng GM, Huang DL, Zhao MH, Wei Z, Huang C, Xu P, Li NJ, Zhang C, Chen M, Li X, Lai M, He Y. Synthesis of gold-cellobiose nanocomposites for colorimetric measurement of cellobiase activity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 132:369-374. [PMID: 24887498 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gold-cellobiose nanocomposites (GCNCs) were synthesized by reducing gold salt with a polysaccharide, cellobiose. Here, cellobiose acted as a controller of nucleation or stabilizer in the formation of gold nanoparticles. The obtained GCNCs were characterized with UV-visible spectroscopy; Zetasizer and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. Moreover, 6-Mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) was modified on GCNCs, and the MCH-GCNCs were used to determine the cellobiase activity in compost extracts based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) property of MCH-GCNCs. The degradation of cellobiose on MCH-GCNCs by cellobiase could induce the aggregation, and the SPR absorption wavelength of MCH-GCNCs correspondingly red shifted. Thus, the absorbance ratio of treated MCH-GCNCs (A650/A520) could be used to estimate the cellobiase activity, and the probe exhibited highly sensitive and selective detection of the cellobiase activity with a wide linear from 3.0 to 100.0U L(-1) within 20 min. Meanwhile, a good linear relationship with correlation coefficient of R2=0.9976 was obtained. This approach successfully showed the suitability of gold nanocomposites as a colorimetric sensor for the sensitive and specific enzyme activity detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Guang-Ming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Dan-Lian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Mei-Hua Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhen Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ning-Jie Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha 410003, Hunan, PR China
| | - Mingyong Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yibin He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, Hunan, PR China
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Ahmad N, Ramsch R, Esquena J, Solans C, Tajuddin HA, Hashim R. Physicochemical characterization of natural-like branched-chain glycosides toward formation of hexosomes and vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2395-2403. [PMID: 22168405 DOI: 10.1021/la203736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic branched-chain glycolipids have become of great interest in biomimicking research, since they provide a suitable alternative for natural glycolipids, which are difficult to extract from natural resources. Therefore, branched-chain glycolipids obtained by direct syntheses are of utmost interest. In this work, two new branched-chain glycolipids are presented, namely, 2-hexyldecyl β(α)-D-glucoside (2-HDG) and 2-hexyldecyl β(α)-D-maltoside (2-HDM) based on glucose and maltose, respectively. The self-assembly properties of these glycolipids have been studied, observing the phase behavior under thermotropic and lyotropic conditions. Due to their amphiphilic characteristics, 2-HDG and 2-HDM possess rich phase behavior in dry form and in aqueous dispersions. In the thermotropic study, 2-HDG formed a columnar hexagonal liquid crystalline phase, whereas in a binary aqueous system, 2-HDG formed an inverted hexagonal liquid crystalline phase in equilibrium with excess aqueous solution. Furthermore, aqueous dispersions of the hexagonal liquid crystal could be obtained, dispersions known as hexosomes. On the other hand, 2-HDM formed a lamellar liquid crystalline phase (smectic A) in thermotropic conditions, whereas multilamellar vesicles have been observed in equilibrium with aqueous media. Surprisingly, 2-HDM mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate or aerosol OT induced the formation of more stable unilamellar vesicles. Thus, the branched-chain glycolipids 2-HDG and 2-HDM not only provided alternative nonionic surfactants with rich phase behavior and versatile nanostructures, but also could be used as new drug carrier systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraini Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Popova AV, Hincha DK. Thermotropic phase behavior and headgroup interactions of the nonbilayer lipids phosphatidylethanolamine and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol in the dry state. BMC BIOPHYSICS 2011; 4:11. [PMID: 21595868 PMCID: PMC3116483 DOI: 10.1186/2046-1682-4-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although biological membranes are organized as lipid bilayers, they contain a substantial fraction of lipids that have a strong tendency to adopt a nonlamellar, most often inverted hexagonal (HII) phase. The polymorphic phase behavior of such nonbilayer lipids has been studied previously with a variety of methods in the fully hydrated state or at different degrees of dehydration. Here, we present a study of the thermotropic phase behavior of the nonbilayer lipids egg phosphatidylethanolamine (EPE) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) with a focus on interactions between the lipid molecules in the interfacial and headgroup regions. RESULTS Liposomes were investigated in the dry state by Fourier-transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Dry EPE showed a gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition below 0°C and a liquid-crystalline to HII transition at 100°C. MGDG, on the other hand, was in the liquid-crystalline phase down to -30°C and showed a nonbilayer transition at about 85°C. Mixtures (1:1 by mass) with two different phosphatidylcholines (PC) formed bilayers with no evidence for nonbilayer transitions up to 120°C. FTIR spectroscopy revealed complex interactions between the nonbilayer lipids and PC. Strong H-bonding interactions occurred between the sugar headgroup of MGDG and the phosphate, carbonyl and choline groups of PC. Similarly, the ethanolamine moiety of EPE was H-bonded to the carbonyl and choline groups of PC and probably interacted through charge pairing with the phosphate group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive characterization of dry membranes containing the two most important nonbilayer lipids (PE and MGDG) in living cells. These data will be of particular relevance for the analysis of interactions between membranes and low molecular weight solutes or soluble proteins that are presumably involved in cellular protection during anhydrobiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoaneta V Popova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dirk K Hincha
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Howe J, Garidel P, Wulf M, Gerber S, Milkereit G, Vill V, Roessle M, Brandenburg K. Structural polymorphism of hydrated monoacylated maltose glycolipids. Chem Phys Lipids 2008; 155:31-7. [PMID: 18671955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of three fully hydrated monoacyl maltoside glycolipids were investigated with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The different synthesized maltoside glycoconjugates vary in the length and saturation of the fatty acid moiety, whereas the constant head group region contains a beta-linked maltose with a OC(2)-NH spacer. The compounds with saturated acyl chains showed a complex pattern of temperature-dependent behaviour, regarding the adopted three-dimensional aggregate structure of the molecules and the main phase transition from the gel to liquid crystalline phase of the acyl chains. A substitution of the saturated acyl chain with an unsaturated acyl chain led to a complete change of the structural preferences, from a high ordered stacking of the bilayers to an unilamellar arrangement of completely disordered and fluid membranes. The presence of the NH group in the spacer, compared to the compounds lacking the NH group allows the formation of a hydrogen bonding network, which influences the observed phase properties. The results of these studies of the hydrated monoacylated maltose glycolipids are discussed in relation to the thermotropic phase properties of the pure compounds in the absence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Howe
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, LG Biophysik, Parkallee 10, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
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