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Controlling lipid crystallization across multiple length scales by directed shear flow. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:731-741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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2
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Analysis of contact force distribution in a moving granule bed subjected to shear deformation by a set of rollers. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Zheng Z, Leung SSY, Gupta R. Flow and Particle Modelling of Dry Powder Inhalers: Methodologies, Recent Development and Emerging Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:189. [PMID: 33535512 PMCID: PMC7912775 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry powder inhaler (DPI) is a device used to deliver a drug in dry powder form to the lungs. A wide range of DPI products is currently available, with the choice of DPI device largely depending on the dose, dosing frequency and powder properties of formulations. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), together with various particle motion modelling tools, such as discrete particle methods (DPM) and discrete element methods (DEM), have been increasingly used to optimise DPI design by revealing the details of flow patterns, particle trajectories, de-agglomerations and depositions within the device and the delivery paths. This review article focuses on the development of the modelling methodologies of flow and particle behaviours in DPI devices and their applications to device design in several emerging fields. Various modelling methods, including the most recent multi-scale approaches, are covered and the latest simulation studies of different devices are summarised and critically assessed. The potential and effectiveness of the modelling tools in optimising designs of emerging DPI devices are specifically discussed, such as those with the features of high-dose, pediatric patient compatibility and independency of patients' inhalation manoeuvres. Lastly, we summarise the challenges that remain to be addressed in DPI-related fluid and particle modelling and provide our thoughts on future research direction in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanying Zheng
- Center for Turbulence Control, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sharon Shui Yee Leung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong;
| | - Raghvendra Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India;
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High-pressure dispersion of nanoparticle agglomerates through a continuous aerosol disperser. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-00991-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yang J, Bello L, Buettner K, Guo Y, Wassgren C, Curtis JS. Breakage of wet flexible fiber agglomerates impacting a plane. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiecheng Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Davis Davis California
| | - Liliana Bello
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Kevin Buettner
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Carl Wassgren
- School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
| | - Jennifer S. Curtis
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Davis Davis California
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6
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Numerical simulation on the electric charge decay of micropowder prepared by jet milling/electrostatic dispersion. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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An experimental study of the aerodynamic dispersion of loose aggregates in an accelerating flow. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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van Wachem B, Thalberg K, Remmelgas J, Niklasson-Björn I. Simulation of dry powder inhalers: Combining micro-scale, meso-scale and macro-scale modeling. AIChE J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berend van Wachem
- Division of Thermofluids, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; Imperial College London; Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ U.K
| | - Kyrre Thalberg
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca R&D; Mölndal 438183 Sweden
| | - Johan Remmelgas
- Pharmaceutical Development, AstraZeneca R&D; Mölndal 438183 Sweden
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Hare C, Ghadiri M, Guillard N, Bosworth T, Egan G. Analysis of milling of dry compacted ribbons by distinct element method. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yang J, Wu CY, Adams M. Three-dimensional DEM-CFD analysis of air-flow-induced detachment of API particles from carrier particles in dry powder inhalers. Acta Pharm Sin B 2014; 4:52-9. [PMID: 26579364 PMCID: PMC4590728 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Air flow and particle–particle/wall impacts are considered as two primary dispersion mechanisms for dry powder inhalers (DPIs). Hence, an understanding of these mechanisms is critical for the development of DPIs. In this study, a coupled DEM–CFD (discrete element method–computational fluid dynamics) is employed to investigate the influence of air flow on the dispersion performance of the carrier-based DPI formulations. A carrier-based agglomerate is initially formed and then dispersed in a uniformed air flow. It is found that air flow can drag API particles away from the carrier and those in the downstream air flow regions are prone to be dispersed. Furthermore, the influence of the air velocity and work of adhesion are also examined. It is shown that the dispersion number (i.e., the number of API particles detached from the carrier) increases with increasing air velocity, and decreases with increasing the work of adhesion, indicating that the DPI performance is controlled by the balance of the removal and adhesive forces. It is also shown that the cumulative Weibull distribution function can be used to describe the DPI performance, which is governed by the ratio of the fluid drag force to the pull-off force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiecheng Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
- Corresponding author at: School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Tel.: +44 7528533634.
| | - Chuan-Yu Wu
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Michael Adams
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Milenkovic J, Alexopoulos AH, Kiparissides C. Deposition and fine particle production during dynamic flow in a dry powder inhaler: a CFD approach. Int J Pharm 2013; 461:129-36. [PMID: 24296048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work the dynamic flow as well as the particle motion and deposition in a commercial dry powder inhaler, DPI (i.e., Turbuhaler) is described using computational fluid dynamics, CFD. The dynamic flow model presented here is an extension of a steady flow model previously described in Milenkovic et al. (2013). The model integrates CFD simulations for dynamic flow, an Eulerian-fluid/Lagrangian-particle description of particle motion as well as a particle/wall interaction model providing the sticking efficiency of particles colliding with the DPI walls. The dynamic flow is imposed by a time varying outlet pressure and the particle injections into the DPI are assumed to occur instantaneously and follow a prescribed particle size distribution, PSD. The total particle deposition and the production of fine particles in the DPI are determined for different peak inspiratory flow rates, PIFR, flow increase rates, FIR, and particle injection times. The simulation results for particle deposition are found to agree well with available experimental data for different values of PIFR and FIR. The predicted values of fine particle fraction are in agreement with available experimental results when the mean size of the injected PSD is taken to depend on the PIFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Milenkovic
- CPERI, CERTH, 6th km Harilaou-Thermi rd., Thermi, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | - C Kiparissides
- CPERI, CERTH, 6th km Harilaou-Thermi rd., Thermi, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, The Petroleum Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Chen L, Heng RL, Delele MA, Cai J, Du DZ, Opara UL. Investigation of dry powder aerosolization mechanisms in different channel designs. Int J Pharm 2013; 457:143-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Calvert G, Ghadiri M, Dyson M, Kippax P, McNeil-Watson F. The flowability and aerodynamic dispersion of cohesive powders. POWDER TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Milenkovic J, Alexopoulos A, Kiparissides C. Flow and particle deposition in the Turbuhaler: A CFD simulation. Int J Pharm 2013; 448:205-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ruzycki CA, Javaheri E, Finlay WH. The use of computational fluid dynamics in inhaler design. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:307-23. [PMID: 23289401 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.753053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has recently seen increased use in the design of pharmaceutical inhalers. The use of CFD in the design of inhalers is made difficult by the complex nature of aerosol generation. At present, CFD has provided valuable insight into certain aspects of inhaler performance, though limitations in computational power have prevented the full implementation of numerical methods in the design of inhalers. AREAS COVERED This review examines the application of CFD in the design of aerosol drug delivery technologies with a focus on pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDI), nebulizers and dry powder inhalers (DPIs). Challenges associated with the application of CFD in inhaler design are discussed along with relevant investigations in the literature. Discussions of discrete element modeling (DEM) and the simulation of pharmaceutical aerosol dispersion are included. EXPERT OPINION The extreme complexity of coupled fluid and aerosol dynamics associated with aerosol generation has somewhat limited the use of CFD in inhaler design. Combined CFD--DEM simulations provide a useful tool in the design of DPIs, though aerosol generation in pMDIs and nebulizers has eluded CFD modeling. The most beneficial use of CFD typically occurs when concurrent CFD and experimental analyses are performed, significantly enhancing the knowledge provided by experiment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor A Ruzycki
- University of Alberta, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G8, Canada
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