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Xiong Y, Peng K, Zhao Z, Yang D, Huang X, Zeng H. Sources, colloidal characteristics, and separation technologies for highly hazardous waste nanoemulsions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172347. [PMID: 38614332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions play a crucial role in various industries. However, their application often results in hazardous waste, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. Effective management and separation of waste nanoemulsions requires special attention and effort. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of waste nanoemulsions, covering their sources, characteristics, and suitable treatment technologies, intending to mitigate their environmental impact. This study examines the evolution of nanoemulsions from beneficial products to hazardous wastes, provides an overview of the production processes, fate, and hazards of waste nanoemulsions, and highlights the critical characteristics that affect their stability. The latest advancements in separating waste nanoemulsions for recovering oil and reusable water resources are also presented, providing a comprehensive comparison and evaluation of the current treatment techniques. This review addresses the significant challenges in nanoemulsion treatment, provides insights into future research directions, and offers valuable implications for the development of more effective strategies to mitigate the hazards associated with waste nanoemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Kaiming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ziqian Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Diling Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiangfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Tongji University, No. 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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2
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Wu L, Gao Y, Xu X, Deng J, Liu H. Excellent coagulation performance of polysilicate aluminum ferric for treating oily wastewater from Daqing gasfield: Responses to polymer properties and coagulation mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120642. [PMID: 38503227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The polysilicate aluminum ferric (PSAF) was synthesized via copolymerization of polysilicic acid (PSi), AlCl3 and FeCl3 for treating oily wastewater from Daqing gas field. This study investigated the effects of key preparation factors such as the degree of PSi's preactivation and the ratio of (Fe + Al)/Si and Al/Fe on both polymerization and coagulation performance exhibited by PSAF. To determine the optimal timing for introducing Al3+ and Fe3+, zeta potential, viscosity and particle size were investigated. Additionally, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, polarizing microscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis were employed to investigate the structure and morphology of PSAF. The results indicate that under conditions characterized by a SiO2 mass fraction of 2.5% and pH = 4.5, an optimal timing for introducing Al3+ and Fe3+ is at 100 min when PSi exhibits moderate polymerization along with sufficient stability. When considering molar ratios such as (Al + Fe)/Si being 6:4 and Al/Fe being 5:5, respectively, PSAF falls within a "stable zone" enabling storage period up to 32 days. Moreover, Jar test results demonstrate that at a dosage of 200 mg/L PSAF for oily wastewater treatment in gas fields could reach the maximum turbidity removal efficiency up to 99.5% while oil removal efficiency reach 88.6% without pH adjustment. The copolymerization facilitates the formation of larger PSAF aggregates with positive potential, thereby augmenting the coagulants' adsorption bridging and charge neutralization capabilities. As a result, PSAF has great potential as a practical coagulant for treating oil-containing wastewater in industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmin Wu
- Research & Design Institute of Fluid and Powder Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yixiang Gao
- Research & Design Institute of Fluid and Powder Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaofei Xu
- Research & Design Institute of Fluid and Powder Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jinjun Deng
- Hei Long Jiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Hei Long Jiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
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Chen H, Xu H, Zhong C, Liu M, Yang L, He J, Sun Y, Zhao C, Wang D. Treatment of landfill leachate by coagulation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169294. [PMID: 38110093 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is a seriously polluted and hazardous liquid, which contains a high concentration of refractory organics, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, inorganic salts, and various suspended solids. The favorable disposal of landfill leachate has always been a hot and challenging issue in wastewater treatment. As one of the best available technologies for landfill leachate disposal, coagulation has been studied extensively. However, there is an absence of a systematic review regarding coagulation in landfill leachate treatment. In this paper, a review focusing on the characteristics, mechanisms, and application of coagulation in landfill leachate treatment was provided. Different coagulants and factors influencing the coagulation effect were synthetically summarized. The performance of coagulation coupled with other processes and their complementary advantages were elucidated. Additionally, the economic analysis conducted in this study suggests the cost-effectiveness of the coagulation process. Based on previous studies, challenges and perspectives met by landfill leachate coagulation treatment were also put forward. Overall, this review will provide a reference for the coagulation treatment of landfill leachate and promote the development of efficient and eco-friendly leachate treatment technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongni Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jiaojie He
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Jang D, Lee J, Jang A. Impact of pre-coagulation on the ceramic membrane process during oil-water emulsion separation: Fouling behavior and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137596. [PMID: 36538953 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Coagulation has been evaluated as an economical and effective pre-treatment method for controlling membrane fouling. We investigated the influence of the pre-coagulation of oil-water (O/W) emulsions on the formation of membrane fouling in the ceramic membrane process. The results confirmed that pre-coagulation effectively mitigated the fouling formation on the ceramic membrane surface during the O/W emulsion separation. The mechanism of mitigating membrane fouling by pre-coagulation was proposed, owing to the reduction in the zeta potential value of oil droplets by pre-coagulation, resulting in weak electrostatic attraction between oil droplets and ceramic membrane surfaces, and an increase in the size of the oil droplets by pre-coagulation, leading the formation of a cake layer fouling. In addition, the decrease in the hydrophobicity of oil droplets by pre-coagulation resulted in alleviating the hydrophobic interaction between oil droplets and membrane surface. The proposed fouling mechanism was supported by the characterization of the virgin and fouled membrane surfaces and the analysis of the fouling resistance ability of the membranes. Our study could be indicative of mitigation protocols that can be used to alleviate membrane fouling on ceramic membranes during oily wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duksoo Jang
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea; Shimadzu Scientific Korea Corp., 609, Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06108, Korea
| | - Am Jang
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Qin J, He Y, Shangguan B, Wang R, Wang X, Qin C, Wang Y. Treating mechanical washing wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the fate of iron. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:866-878. [PMID: 36853767 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical washing wastewater contained a large amount of oil, and the iron wrapped in the oil was slowly released into water. This caused the effluent quality to fluctuate, causing common polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) to ineffectively remove the water-in-oil. The method uses Ca2+ to demulsify and ClOx- to destroy the water-in-oil structure, which releases Fe from the oil droplets. The active oxygen produced by NaClOx further converts Fe2+ into Fe3+ and then combines with NaOH to form Fe(OH)3-flocs core, which improves the flocculation efficiency of PAC. The optimal ratio was approximately 400 μL of NaClOx, 200 μL of 1 mol L-1 CaO, and 12 mL of 12.8 g L-1 PAC. The oil removal rate reached 99.88% and the residue density was 178.42 mg L-1. The maximum Fe and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates were close to 49.2 and 99.89%, respectively. In field applications, wastewater should be acidified first, and acidification oxidation is more effective than direct oxidation. In short, a novel way for treating mechanically washed wastewater with iron-in-oil characteristics by changing the environmental fate of iron is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Qin
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China E-mail: ; Shaanxi Keeping Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, Xi'an 712000, China
| | - Yiwen He
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China E-mail:
| | - Botao Shangguan
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China E-mail:
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China E-mail:
| | - Xing Wang
- Shaanxi Keeping Environmental Sci-Tech Co., Ltd, Xi'an 712000, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Shaanxi Environmental Protection Oil and Gas Engineering Co. Ltd, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Yu Wang
- SWAG Water Affair Science & Technology Research Center, Xi'an 710004, China
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Sun X, Li S, Xiong Y, You Y. Flocculation performance and evaluation of a sulfur-containing tannin flocculant for Cu2+ removal. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2022]
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Feng Q, Guo K, Gao Y, Liu B, Yue Q, Shi W, Feng C, Zhou J, Wang G, Gao B. Effect of coagulation treatment on sludge dewatering performance: Application of polysilicate and their mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Sun D, Wang Y, Gao J, Liu S, Liu X. Insights into the relation of crude oil components and surfactants to the stability of oily wastewater emulsions: Influence of asphaltenes, colloids, and nonionic surfactants. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yu H, Wang F, Sun C, Liu H, Tang L, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wang X. Evaluation of the self-assembled functional PPFS-P-AM composite for treating oilfield sewage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155228. [PMID: 35421506 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oilfield sewage has a complex composition with large amounts of emulsified oils, polymers and surfactants. Efficient coagulants are required to purify such sewage to meet emissions standards. In this study, oxidized FeSO4·7H2O and NaHCO3were condensed by basic titration and polyferric sulfate phosphate (PPFS) was prepared by the addition of NaH2PO4·2H2O to improve its charge and stability. In addition, by adding modified palygorskite and cationic amylum, a functional polyferric sulfate phosphate, palygorskite and cationic amylum copolymer (PPFS-P-AM) composite coagulant was synthesized through self-assembly, and then used to treat oilfield sewage. The characteristic functional groups and crystal forms of the coagulant were characterized by FTIR and XRD. The zeta potential and radius of gyration (Rh) indicate that the introduction of palygorskite and cationic amylum enhance the charge neutralization and bridging adsorption abilities, respectively. The optimal dosage of cationic amylum is 5% in 80 mg·L-1 PPFS-P-AM, which provides turbidity and oil removal rates of 98% and 94%, respectively. Observation by SEM shows that the micro-morphology of PPFS-P-AM flocs has adendritic distribution with a reticular macromolecular structure that provides good sweeping performance during the sedimentation process. Finally, an analysis of its properties and performance reveals the mechanism by which PPFS-P-AM coagulates oilfield sewage. PPFS-P-AM provides better coagulation than the other studied coagulants via the synergistic effects of reinforced charge neutralization, bridging adsorption and sweeping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil &Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Heilongjiang Daqing HuaLi BIO-TECH Company, Daqing 163414, China
| | - Chunlong Sun
- Daqing Oilfield Company, Daqing Oil Production Engineering Research Institute, Heilongjiang, Daqing 163453, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
| | - Long Tang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil &Gas Chemical Technology, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China.
| | - Huili Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163412, China
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Xia J, Rao T, Ji J, He B, Liu A, Sun Y. Enhanced Dewatering of Activated Sludge by Skeleton-Assisted Flocculation Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116540. [PMID: 35682124 PMCID: PMC9180161 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sludge dewatering is the fundamental process of sludge treatment. Environmentally friendly and efficient sludge conditioning methods are the premises of sludge to achieve dehydration reduction and resource utilization. In response to sewage plant sludge dehydration, fly ash (FA), polymerized aluminum chloride (PAC), and polymer sulfate (PFS) were studied separately to determine their sludge dehydration performance, and the effects of these three conditioner composite regulations on sludge dehydration properties were studied. Compared to the sludge treated only with conditioner, the average particle size of floc increased and the organic matter content in the filtrate decreased. The sludge dewatering efficiency after the conditioning effect is better than that after conditioning a single conditioner. After PFS conditioning with fly ash, the water content and specific resistance (SRF) of the sludge cake can be reduced to 76.39% and 6.63 × 1010 m/kg, respectively. The moisture content and specific resistance (SRF) of the sludge cake can be reduced to 76.10% and 6.91 × 1010 m/kg, respectively. The pH of the sludge and filtrate changed slightly after PAC conditioning with fly ash coupling. These results indicate that fly-ash coupled with PAC and fly-ash coupled with PFS are expected to become a novel and effective environmental protection combined conditioning method for sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Xia
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Ting Rao
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Juan Ji
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Bijuan He
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Ankang Liu
- Nanjing Water Purification Environmental Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China;
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
- Correspondence:
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Kong D, Zhou Z, Song S, Feng S, Lian M, Jiang R. Preparation of Poly Aluminum-Ferric Chloride (PAFC) Coagulant by Extracting Aluminum and Iron Ions from High Iron Content Coal Gangue. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15062253. [PMID: 35329703 PMCID: PMC8954244 DOI: 10.3390/ma15062253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Poly aluminum-ferric Chloride (PAFC) is a new type of high efficiency coagulant. In this study, high iron type gangue is used as a main raw material. It is calcined at 675 °C for 1 h and 3% CaF2 is added to the calcined powder and reacted with 20% hydrochloric acid at 93 °C for 4 h. The leaching ratio of aluminum ions is 90% and that of iron ions is 91%. After Fe2+ ions are oxidized in the filtrate, CaCO3 is used to adjust the pH of the filtrate to 0.7. The microwave power is adjusted to 80 W and the filtrate is radiated for 5 min. After being aged for 24 h, PAFC product is obtained. The prepared PAFC is used to treat mine water and compared with the results of PAC and PAF, the turbidity removal ratio of PAFC is 99.6%, which is greater than 96.4% of PAC and 93.7% of PAF. PAFC is a mixture with different degrees of polymerization. It demonstrates that extracting aluminum and iron ions from high iron content gangue to prepare PAFC by microwave is efficient and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshun Kong
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China; (D.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (M.L.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221016, China;
| | - Zihan Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221016, China;
| | - Shuojiang Song
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China; (D.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (M.L.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221016, China;
| | - Shan Feng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China; (D.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Minglei Lian
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Utilization, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China; (D.K.); (S.S.); (S.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Rongli Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221016, China;
- Correspondence:
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Li S, Kang Y. Polymerization mechanism of polyferric aluminum phosphatic sulfate (PFAPS) and its flocculation effect on simulated dye wastewater. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-1034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Advanced Treatment of Phosphorus Pesticide Wastewater Using an Integrated Process of Coagulation and Ozone Catalytic Oxidation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional pretreatment and secondary biochemical treatment are ineffective methods for removing phosphorus from phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater. In this study, coagulation-coupled ozone catalytic oxidation was used to treat secondary biochemical tailwater of phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater thoroughly. The effects of the coagulant type, coagulant dosage, coagulant concentration, wastewater pH, stirring rate, and stirring time on the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), and chromaticity were investigated during coagulation. When the dosage of the coagulant PAFS was equal to 100 mg/L, the concentration of the coagulant, pH, stirring rate, and stirring time were 5 wt%, 8, 100 rpm, and 5 min, respectively, and the removal rates of COD, TP, and chroma in wastewater reached the maximum value of 17.6%, 86.8%, and 50.0%, respectively. Effluent after coagulation was treated via ozone catalytic oxidation. When the respective ozone dosage, H2O2 dosage, catalyst dosage, and reaction time were 120 mg/L, 0.1 vt‰, 10 wt%, and 90 min, residual COD and chromaticity of the final effluent were 10.3 mg/L and 8, respectively. The coagulation-coupled ozone catalytic oxidation process has good application prospects in the treatment of secondary biochemical tailwater from phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater.
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15
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Hu J, Chen J, Liu F, An S, Shi Y, Luan Z, Xiao J, Zhang B. Enhancing oil removal from wastewater by combining inclined plate settler and electrocoagulation. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1993258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Hu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqing Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shenfa An
- Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch, SINOPEC Group, Dongying, P. R. China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Luan
- Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch, SINOPEC Group, Dongying, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Xiao
- Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Branch, SINOPEC Group, Dongying, P. R. China
| | - Baosheng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
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16
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Khan R, Inam MA, Lee KH, Channa AS, Mallah MA, Wie YM, Abbasi MN. Synergetic Effect of Organic Flocculant and Montmorillonite Clay on the Removal of Nano-CuO by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation Process. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102753. [PMID: 34685190 PMCID: PMC8537118 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The widespread usage of nano-copper oxide particles (nano-CuO) in several industrial products and applications raises concerns about their release into water bodies. Thus, their elimination from drinking water is essential to reduce the risk to human health. This work investigated the removal of nano-CuO from pure water and montmorillonite clay (MC) suspensions using poly aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) as well as cationic polyacrylamide (PAM) by the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (C/F/S) process. Moreover, the PAFC and PAFC/PAM flocculation performance for various nano-CuO particles concentrations, dosages, pH, settling times and stirring speeds were also investigated. The findings showed that the removal of nano-CuO and turbidity in MC suspension were higher as compared to pure water. Moreover, the combined effect of PAFC/PAM on the elimination of nano-CuO and turbidity was also substantially better than the individual use of PAFC or PAM. The efficient removal of CuO was observed in the solution containing higher mass concentration in the order (10 mg/L > 2.5 mg/L > 1 mg/L) with an increased coagulant dose. The improved removal performance of nano-CuO was observed in a pH range of 7-11 under various water matrices. The C/F/S conditions of nano-CuO were further optimized by the Box-Behnken statistical experiment design and response surface methodology. The PAFC/PAM dose resulted in the maximum removal of nano-CuO (10 mg/L) in both pure water (>97%) and MC suspension (>99%). The results of particle monitoring and Fourier transform infrared of composite flocs revealed that the main removal mechanism of nano-CuO may be the combined effect of neutralization, complexation as well as adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah 67480, Pakistan; (R.K.); (A.S.C.); (M.A.M.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Muhammad Ali Inam
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), H-12 Campus, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Kang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdul Sami Channa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah 67480, Pakistan; (R.K.); (A.S.C.); (M.A.M.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Mukhtiar Ali Mallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah 67480, Pakistan; (R.K.); (A.S.C.); (M.A.M.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Young-Min Wie
- Department of Materials Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea;
| | - Mahmood Nabi Abbasi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah 67480, Pakistan; (R.K.); (A.S.C.); (M.A.M.); (M.N.A.)
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17
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Demulsification Treatment of Spent Metalworking Fluids by Metal Cations: The Synergistic Effect and Efficiency Evaluation. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, various metal ions were utilized for the demulsification of spent metalworking fluids discharged from an automobile parts workshop. Five types of metal ions, i.e., Fe3+, Al3+, Fe2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, combined with coagulant were systematically evaluated, and the synergistic effect as well as the optimum operating conditions were studied. The results indicated that the Ca2+ as well Mg2+ possessed hardly efficiency for the demulsification, on the contrary, Fe2+ reduced the yield of the by-product sludge and lowered the SV30 ratio, and Al3+ boosted the CODCr removal. Furthermore, Fe3+ and Al3+ had a significant synergistic effect to achieve a better transmittance and a higher CODCr/SV30 ratio which revealed that more CODCr was removed, as well as less by-product sludge was generated. For a better demulsification of spent metalworking fluids, the optimum operating conditions were gathered as follows: the dosage of metal ions was 0.08 mol/L with Al3+:Fe3+ ratio was 1.5:1, the reaction pH was 6.00, the reaction time was 18.00 min and the temperature was 323.00 K. Based on this, the CODCr removal, the SV30 ratio and the transmittance and CODCr/SV30 ratio of the spent metalworking fluids were 80.21%, 40.00%, 95.20% and 128.33 mg/mL, respectively. This combined metal ion demulsification method possessed an advantageous minimization of spent metalworking fluids, which greatly benefited the automobile parts workshops in cutting down the operating cost in environmental protection.
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18
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Ma J, Fu X, Xia W, Zhang R, Fu K, Wu G, Jia B, Li S, Li J. Removal of emulsified oil from water by using recyclable chitosan based covalently bonded composite magnetic flocculant: Performance and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126529. [PMID: 34323706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel recyclable covalently bonded magnetic flocculant (FS-MC) was successfully prepared by combining chitosan-based modified polymers (MCS) with Fe3O4@SiO2 through a silane coupling agent. The covalent bond Fe-O-Si-O-C and the core-shell structure of FS-MC were confirmed through several characterization methods. The emulsified oily wastewater flocculation performance and mechanism by using FS-MC were evaluated and studied. Results showed that 94.47%, 93.95%, and 92.98% of emulsified oil could be removed by using FS-MC1, FS-MC2 and FS-MC3 at dosages of 2.0, 2.5, and 2.0 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, FS-MC exhibited an excellent behavior on the removal of organic compounds with molecular weight > 10 kDa, including long chain alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. In addition, triple-phase separation of oil, water and flocculants was achieved by using magnetic FS-MC. Due to the introduction of cationic and hydrophobic groups in FS-MC, charge neutralization, compression double electric-layer action, hydrophobic interaction, interfacial adsorption bridging and sweep-flocculation synergistically contributed and enhanced the removal of emulsified oil. Recycling experiments also showed that no obvious decrease of oil removal rate was observed by using magnetic FS-MC flocculants in five cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangya Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China.
| | - Xue Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Kun Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Genyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Bangtao Jia
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Sha Li
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China
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19
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Xiao X, Yu Y, Sun Y, Zheng X, Chen A. Heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions by chitosan-based magnetic composite flocculants. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 108:22-32. [PMID: 34465434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three magnetic flocculants with different chelating groups, namely, carboxymethyl chitosan-modified Fe3O4 flocculant (MC), acrylamide-grafted magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant (MCM), and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolyacrylamide-grafted magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant (MCAA) were prepared, synthesized, and characterized by photopolymerization technology. They were applied to the flocculation removal of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II). The effect of flocculation condition on the removal performance of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II) was studied. Characterization results show that the three magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan-based flocculants have been successfully prepared with good magnetic induction properties. Flocculation results show that the removal rates of MC, MCM, and MCAA on Cr(III) are 51.79%, 82.33%, and 91.42%, respectively, under the conditions of 80 mg/L flocculant, pH value of 6, reaction time of 1.5 hr, G value of 200 s-1, and precipitation magnetic field strength of 120 mT. The removal rates of Co(II) by MC, MCM, and MCAA are 54.33%, 84.99%, and 90.49%, respectively. The removal rates of Pb(II) by MC, MCM, and MCAA are 61.54%, 91.32%, and 95.74%, respectively. MCAA shows good flocculation performance in composite heavy metal-simulated wastewater. The magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan-based flocculant shows excellent flocculation performance in removing soluble heavy metals. This research provides guidance and ideas for the development of efficient and low-cost flocculation technology to remove heavy metals in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xiao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aowen Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
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20
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Xiao X, Sun Y, Liu J, Zheng H. Flocculation of heavy metal by functionalized starch-based bioflocculants: Characterization and process evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Preparation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Magnetic Heavy Metal Capture Flocculants. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13131732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA was prepared based on carboxymethyl chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4. It was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS, XRD and VSM, and the Cu(II) removal rate was used as the evaluation basis for the preparation process. The effects of AMPS content, total monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration and reaction time on the performance of MF@AA flocculation to remove Cu(II) were studied. The characterization results show that MF@AA has been successfully prepared and exhibits good magnetic induction characteristics. The synthesis results show that under the conditions of 10% AMPS content, 35% total monomer concentration, 0.04% photoinitiator concentration, and 1.5 h reaction time, the best yield of MF@AA is 77.69%. The best removal rate is 87.65%. In addition, the response surface optimization of the synthesis process of MF@AA was performed. The optimal synthesis ratio was finally determined as iron content 6.5%, CMFS: 29.5%, AM: 53.9%, AMPS: 10.1%. High-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA shows excellent flocculation performance in removing Cu(II). This research provides guidance and ideas for the development of efficient and low-cost flocculation technology to remove Cu(II) in wastewater.
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22
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Zhao C, Zhou J, Yan Y, Yang L, Xing G, Li H, Wu P, Wang M, Zheng H. Application of coagulation/flocculation in oily wastewater treatment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142795. [PMID: 33572034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volumes of oily wastewater are inevitably generated by every walk of life. The removal of oil particles from oil-contaminated wastewater which is characterized as huge amounts, intricate composition, and great threats to human health and the ecological environment is a research hotspot in water treatment fields. Due to high treatment costs and undesirable treatment efficiencies, oily wastewater treatment remains a topical and urgent issue. At present, coagulation/flocculation as an indispensable oily wastewater treatment technology receives much attention because it is very well established, economical, practical and relatively efficient. The influencing factors of oil wastewater treatment by coagulation/flocculation have also been summarized in-depth, like dosage, pH, etc. In consideration of its complex composition and treatment difficulty, this paper will also compare the treatment effects of different coagulants/flocculants used alone and combined effects in oily wastewater treatment: inorganic coagulants, organic synthetic polymeric flocculants, natural flocculants and modified polymeric flocculants. Additionally, in this review, the mechanisms of removing oily substance by coagulation/flocculation are emphasized. Given strict emission standards and the refractory nature of oily wastewater, the combination process with coagulation/flocculation, such as electrocoagulation, coagulation-membrane filtration hybrid process, and coagulation/flocculation-flotation can present better application potential and are discussed in this review. To provide a proper choice in practical application, the operating cost of coagulation and several conventional technologies are also compared. Finally, the existing challenges in the treatment of oily wastewater by coagulation are analyzed, and the feasible research direction is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhao
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Junyuan Zhou
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yi Yan
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Guohua Xing
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huanyu Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Pei Wu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Mingyuan Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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23
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Sun W, Zhou S, Sun Y, Xu Y. Synthesis and evaluation of cationic flocculant P(DAC-PAPTAC-AM) for flocculation of coal chemical wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 99:239-248. [PMID: 33183701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-efficiency cationic flocculant, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), was successfully prepared using UV-induced polymerization technology. The monomer Acrylamide (AM): Acryloxyethyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC): methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) ratio, monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration, urea content, and cationic monomer DAC:MAPTAC ratio, light time, and power of high-pressure mercury lamp were studied. The characteristic groups, characteristic diffraction peaks, and characteristic proton peaks of P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) were confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of dosage, pH value, and velocity gradient (G) value on the removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol by poly aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC), P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), and PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) in the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the optimal conditions for the flocculation of coal chemical wastewater using P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) alone are as follows: dosage of 8-12 mg/L, G value of 100-250 s - 1, and pH value of 4-8. The optimal dosage of PAFC is 90-150 mg/L with a pH of 2-12. The optimal dosage for PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) is as follows: PAFC dosage of 90-150 mg/L, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) dosage of 8-12 mg/L, and pH range of 2-6. When P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) was used alone, the optimal removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol were 81.0%, 35.0%, 75.0%, and 80.3%, respectively. PAFC has good tolerance to wastewater pH and good pH buffering. Thus, the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater using the PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) compound also exhibits excellent resistance and buffering capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shengbao Zhou
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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24
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Xie L, Coffie ES, Li P, Zhang B. Removal of emulsified oil by ferrite-coated ceramic membranes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05956k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the removal effect and mechanisms of emulsified oil by ferrite-coated ceramic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Xie
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | | | - Peng Li
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai
- China
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25
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Wei Y, Cheng X, Ding A, Xu J. Magnesium Silicate Polymer as a Coagulant for Reactive Dye Removal from Wastewater: Considering the Intrinsic pH in Magnesium Silicate Polymer and Coagulation Behavior. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26094-26100. [PMID: 33073136 PMCID: PMC7558040 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A magnesium silicate polymeric coagulant (MgSiPC), which is an inorganic polymer for dye removal from wastewater, was prepared with different pH by copolymerization. The acidity was a key factor in the preparation of the MgSiPC. In the present research, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the characterization of optimum coagulants. Additionally, the response surface method (RSM) was applied to optimize the process of coagulation-flocculation. The results of FT-IR and XRD implied that the main components of the MgSiPC with pH 1.50-2.50 were almost the same. SEM images showed that MgSiPCs with pH 1.50-2.50 exhibited different structures including cluster and lamellar shape structure, compact rod-like and network structure, and a kind of irregular geometry shape structure. In the process of coagulation-flocculation, MgSiPCs with pH 1.50-2.50 showed highly efficient coagulation performance. The removal rate of reactive yellow 2(RY2) could reach above 90% at a dosage of 50-70 mg/L and initial pH 12.00, while the removal rate of reactive blue 2 (RB2) could attain above 93% at a dosage of 50-80 mg/L and initial pH 12.00. Moreover, MgSiPCs with pH 2.00 had the highest efficiency. The results of RSM showed that the optimum combination of the MgSiPC's dosage and initial pH was 62 mg/L and 12.08 for RY2 and 78 mg/L and 12.00 for RB2, respectively. Under optimum experimental conditions, the predicted data from this model were 96% for RY2 and 100% for RB2, which was consistent with the actual experimental data. Therefore, a pH of 2.00 is considered to be the optimal acidity for preparing MgSiPCs.
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26
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Maćczak P, Kaczmarek H, Ziegler-Borowska M. Recent Achievements in Polymer Bio-Based Flocculants for Water Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3951. [PMID: 32906667 PMCID: PMC7559979 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymer flocculants are used to promote solid-liquid separation processes in potable water and wastewater treatment. Recently, bio-based flocculants have received a lot of attention due to their superior advantages over conventional synthetic polymers or inorganic agents. Among natural polymers, polysaccharides show many benefits such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, ability to undergo different chemical modifications, and wide accessibility from renewable sources. The following article provides an overview of bio-based flocculants and their potential application in water treatment, which may be an indication to look for safer alternatives compared to synthetic polymers. Based on the recent literature, a new approach in searching for biopolymer flocculants sources, flocculation mechanisms, test methods, and factors affecting this process are presented. Particular attention is paid to flocculants based on starch, cellulose, chitosan, and their derivatives because they are low-cost and ecological materials, accepted in industrial practice. New trends in water treatment technology, including biosynthetic polymers, nanobioflocculants, and stimulant-responsive flocculants are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Maćczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
- Water Supply and Sewage Enterprise LLC, Przemysłowa 4, 99-300 Kutno, Poland
| | - Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.M.); (M.Z.-B.)
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27
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Zhang Z, Shen L, Hu W, Mi Y, Yuan H, Kuang J, Ye F, Jiang X, Luo Y, Liu W, Xie F. Treatment of Oily Wastewater Using a Hyperbranched Poly (amido amine) Demulsifier with 1,4‐Phenylene Diamine as Central Core. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Liwei Shen
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Hu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhu Mi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Huaikui Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Jiazhe Kuang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Fan Ye
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Xia Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Yue Luo
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Wangfu Liu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
| | - Fangqin Xie
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 P.R. China
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28
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Flocculation activity and evaluation of chitosan-based flocculant CMCTS-g-P(AM-CA) for heavy metal removal. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Dyes removal by composite membrane of sepiolite impregnated polysulfone coated by chemical deposition of tea polyphenols. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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30
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Miranda R, Latour I, Blanco A. Understanding the Efficiency of Aluminum Coagulants Used in Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF). Front Chem 2020; 8:27. [PMID: 32117867 PMCID: PMC7019111 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the efficiency of five aluminum coagulants for the treatment of a paper mill wastewater by dissolved air flotation (DAF). The coagulants studied were: alum, a polyaluminum chloride coagulant of high aluminum content and intermediate basicity (PAC-MB), another with intermediate aluminum content and high basicity (PAC-HB), a polyaluminum nitrate sulfate of intermediate aluminum content and basicity (PANS) and one hybrid coagulant formed by the combination of PANS and a mixture of polyamines (PANS-PA). The influence of Al speciation on contaminants removal and the main flocculation mechanisms involved have been analyzed. High removal of suspended solids together with significant removal of dissolved and colloidal material (COD and silica) were obtained, which is required for extended reuse of this process water. PAC-HB was the best product for removing suspended solids (85%) and soluble silica (50%) with a rather limited COD removal (5%), while PANS-PA obtained high turbidity (90%) and silica removal (45%) together with a significant soluble COD removal (15%). Monomeric Al (Ala, Alm) was more efficient in removing suspended solids and soluble COD than polymeric or colloidal Al (Alc, Alu), but the latter was more efficient in removing soluble silica. Results demonstrated that the main flocculation mechanism varies with the aluminum dosage, being predominantly charge neutralization at low dosages and sweep flocculation at high dosages. The floc strength factor however, was very high and similar for all the coagulants and dosages tested (85–90%), as it was mainly determined by the behavior of the pre-flocculated suspended solids present in wastewater. The reflocculation factor varied from 45 to 75% at the lowest dosages to almost zero at the highest dosages, confirming the transition from charge neutralization to sweep flocculation. The flocs formed by PANS-PA had lower strength than the others and it decreased with the dosage while its reflocculation factor was almost zero, even at low dosages. Due to the polyamines present in this coagulant, its flocculation mechanism is through both charge neutralization and patch formation, especially at low dosages, and sweep flocculation and interparticle bridge formation at high dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Miranda
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Latour
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Blanco
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Implementation of Modified Acacia Tannin by Mannich Reaction for Removal of Heavy Metals (Cu, Cr and Hg). WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The modified tannin by Mannich reaction was investigated for wastewater treatment. The removal of heavy metals, such as copper, chromium and mercury, in industrial wastewater was evaluated through the coagulation–flocculation technique, using modified Acacia tannin (MAT) as a coagulant agent. The successful tannin modification was evaluated by infrared spectopometry (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); monitoring the removal of heavy metals was performed by atomic absorption (AA) and a direct mercury analyzer (DMA). Additionally, the parameters of water quality, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were assessed. Different doses of MAT were evaluated (375 ppm, 750 ppm, 1250 ppm and 1625 ppm) and three different levels of pH (4, 7 and 10). The highest percentages of removal obtained were copper 60%, chromium 87%, mercury 50%–80%, COD 88%, TSS 86% and turbidity 94%, which were achieved with the dose of 375 ppm of MAT at pH 10. The coagulation–flocculation process with the modified Acacia tannin is efficient for the removal of conventional parameters and for a significant removal of the metals studied.
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Sun Y, Chen A, Pan SY, Sun W, Zhu C, Shah KJ, Zheng H. Novel chitosan-based flocculants for chromium and nickle removal in wastewater via integrated chelation and flocculation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109241. [PMID: 31306928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylated chitosan (CPCTS) is used as substrates in the design and synthesis of CPCTS-based flocculants through UV-initiated polymerization techniques. The synthesized flocculants are applied to remove Cr and Ni ions from chromic acid lotion and electroplating wastewater through two-stage flocculation. This study investigates the effect of flocculant dosage, pH, reaction time, and stirring speed on the removal efficiency of Cr and Ni ions. Results indicated that the total Cr removal ratios by CPCTS-graft-polyacrylamide-co-sodium xanthate (CAC) and CPCTS-graft-poly [acrylamide-2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid] (CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS)) are 94.7% and 94.6%, respectively. The total Ni removal efficiencies by CAC and CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS) are 99.3% and 99.4%, respectively. The two-stage flocculation with CPCTS-based flocculants could reduce the total concentrations of Cr and Ni to 1.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. The relationship of removal capacity and structural properties between the flocculants with different functional groups is established through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The micro-interfacial behavior between the colloidal particles and the solution during the integrated chelation-flocculation are elucidated. Thus, CPCTS-based flocculants could be a potential material for the removal of high amounts of Cr and Ni ions in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Aowen Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Pan
- Department of Bioenvironmental System Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan; Carbon Cycle Research Center, Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Road, Taipei City, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chengyu Zhu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kinjal J Shah
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; Carbon Cycle Research Center, Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Road, Taipei City, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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You Z, Zhuang C, Sun Y, Zhang S, Zheng H. Efficient Removal of TiO2 Nanoparticles by Enhanced Flocculation–Coagulation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang You
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chang Zhuang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Hesas RH, Baei MS, Rostami H, Gardy J, Hassanpour A. An investigation on the capability of magnetically separable Fe 3O 4/mordenite zeolite for refinery oily wastewater purification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 241:525-534. [PMID: 30301659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the water resources and environment as a consequence of oil production and use of fossil fuels, has increased the need for applying various technologies and developing effective materials to remove contaminates from oily wastewaters resources. One of the challenges for an economic industrial wastewater treatment is separation and reusability of the developed purifying agents. Development of magnetic materials could potentially facilitate easier and more economic separation of purifying agents. Therefore, herein we have synthesised an efficient and easily recyclable Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite using a hydrothermal process to investigate its purification capability for wastewater from Kermanshah oil refinery. The synthesised Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite was characterised using XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRF and BET analysis. XRD result showed that the synthesised Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite comprised sodium aluminium silicate hydrate phase [01-072-7919, Na8(Al6Si30O72)(H2O)9.04] and cubic iron oxide phase [04-013-9808, Fe3O4]. Response Surface Method (RSM) combined with Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to identify the optimum operation parameters of the pollutant removal process. The effect of pH, contact time and Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite amount on the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) were investigated. It was found that pH was the most significant factor influencing COD and BOD removal but the quantity of Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite was the most influential factor on the turbidity removal capacity. The optimum removal process conditions were identified to be pH of 7.81, contact time of 15.8 min and Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite amount of 0.52% w/w. The results show that the regenerated Fe3O4/mordenite zeolite can be reused for five consecutive cycles in purification of petroleum wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mazyar Sharifzadeh Baei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran.
| | - Hadi Rostami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Jabbar Gardy
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ali Hassanpour
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Combination of Coagulation and Ozone Catalytic Oxidation for Pretreating Coking Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101705. [PMID: 31096662 PMCID: PMC6572503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, coagulation, ozone (O3) catalytic oxidation, and their combined process were used to pretreat actual coking wastewater. The effects on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenol in coking wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were an O3 mass flow rate of 4.1 mg min−1, a reaction temperature of 35 °C, a catalyst dosage ratio of 5:1, and a O3 dosage of 500 mg·L−1. The phenol removal ratio was 36.8% for the coagulation and sedimentation of coking wastewater under optimal conditions of 25 °C of reaction temperature, 7.5 reaction pH, 150 reaction gradient (G) value, and 500 mg·L−1 coagulant dosage. The removal ratios of COD and phenol reached 24.06% and 2.18%, respectively. After the O3-catalyzed oxidation treatment, the phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds were degraded to varying degrees. Coagulation and O3 catalytic oxidation contributed to the removal of phenol and COD. The optimum reaction conditions for the combined process were as follows: O3 dosage of 500 mg·L−1, O3 mass flow of 4.1 mg·min−1, catalyst dosage ratio of 5:1, and reaction temperature of 35 °C. The removal ratios of phenol and COD reached 47.3% and 30.7%, respectively.
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36
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Tang L, Xiao F, Wei Q, Liu Y, Zou Y, Liu J, Sand W, Chow C. Removal of active dyes by ultrafiltration membrane pre-deposited with a PSFM coagulant: Performance and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:204-210. [PMID: 30780031 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new, environmental friendly, polysilicate ferric manganese (PSFM) coagulant, composed of Fe, Mn and Si, was designed and developed. As part of the process, the PSFM flocs were then deposited onto an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane to increase the removal of active dyes and its antifouling properties in the presence of the active dye was tested. Influencing factors, such as dosage of coagulant and solution pH, were systematically investigated and included as the process optimization. The results show that PSFM flocs were well distributed on the membrane surface and a dense and homogeneous deposition layer was formed under optimal conditions. According to the characterization of PSFM floc by Fourier infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the major phase of PSFM floc is determined to be MnxFeySizOw(OH)i and the functional groups of this component contribute positively to the coagulation performance. The removal rate of the active yellow dye reached 86% at pH 5.0 with small and regular floc formed in the dense deposition layers. At pH 11.0 loose deposition layers were formed by large flocs and the removal of the active yellow dye reduce to 11%. Therefore, PSFM has a commendable potential to be used for producing a kind of deposited UF membrane with an excellent performance by controlling the forms of flocs and the deposition layers, which is the key mechanism to achieve a high efficiency for removal of active yellow dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Qunshan Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yubin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jianshe Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wolfgang Sand
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Christopher Chow
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of South Australia, 2280, Australia
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37
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Sun Y, Shah KJ, Sun W, Zheng H. Performance evaluation of chitosan-based flocculants with good pH resistance and high heavy metals removal capacity. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Chen L, Sun Y, Sun W, Shah KJ, Xu Y, Zheng H. Efficient cationic flocculant MHCS-g-P(AM-DAC) synthesized by UV-induced polymerization for algae removal. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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39
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Shi C, Sun W, Sun Y, Chen L, Xu Y, Tang M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Sludge Dewaterability Evaluation of the Chitosan-Based Flocculant CCPAD. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E95. [PMID: 30960079 PMCID: PMC6402025 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), acrylamide, and methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride were used as co-monomers to produce a sludge dewatering agent carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) (CCPAD) by UV-induced graft polymerization. Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were employed to investigate and optimize the grafting rate, grafting efficiency, and intrinsic viscosity influenced by the total monomer concentration, CMCS concentration, cationic degree, pH value, and illumination time. The structure, surface morphology, and thermal stability of CCPAD were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and differential thermal-thermogravimetry. The raw sludge with 97.9% water content was sourced from the concentrated tank of a sewage treatment plant and used in the sludge condition experiments. In addition, CCPAD was applied as the sludge conditioner to investigate the effects of cationic degree, intrinsic viscosity, and pH on the supernatant turbidity, moisture content, specific resistance to filtration, and sludge settling ratio. Moreover, the mechanism of sludge conditioning by CCPAD was discussed by examining the zeta potential and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content of the supernatant. The sludge dewatering results confirmed that CCPAD had excellent performance for improving sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Shi
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Bejing, Bejing 100083, China.
| | - Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Mengdan Tang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
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Yang T, Wang L, Liu Y, Jiang J, Huang Z, Pang SY, Cheng H, Gao D, Ma J. Removal of Organoarsenic with Ferrate and Ferrate Resultant Nanoparticles: Oxidation and Adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13325-13335. [PMID: 30346162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many investigations focused on the capacity of ferrate for the oxidation of organic pollutant or adsorption of hazardous species, while little attention has been paid on the effect of ferrate resultant nanoparticles for the removal of organics. Removing organics could improve microbiological stability of treated water and control the formation of disinfection byproducts in following treatment procedures. Herein, we studied ferrate oxidation of p-arsanilic acid ( p-ASA), an extensively used organoarsenic feed additive. p-ASA was oxidized into As(V), p-aminophenol ( p-AP), and nitarsone in the reaction process. The released As(V) could be eliminated by in situ formed ferric (oxyhydr) oxides through surface adsorption, while p-AP can be further oxidized into 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl) diphenol, p-nitrophenol, and NO3-. Nitarsone is resistant to ferrate oxidation, but mostly adsorbed (>85%) by ferrate resultant ferric (oxyhydr) oxides. Ferrate oxidation (ferrate/ p-ASA = 20:1) eliminated 18% of total organic carbon (TOC), while ferrate resultant particles removed 40% of TOC in the system. TOC removal efficiency is 1.6 to 38 times higher in ferrate treatment group than those in O3, HClO, and permanganate treatment groups. Besides ferrate oxidation, adsorption of organic pollutants with ferrate resultant nanoparticles could also be an effective method for water treatment and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Yulei Liu
- Technology R & D Center for Environmental Engineering , Dongguan University of Technology , Dongguan 523808 , China
| | - Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Zhuangsong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Su-Yan Pang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Jilin Jianzhu University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Haijun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Dawen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin 150090 , China
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Ahmad NA, Goh PS, Abdul Karim Z, Ismail AF. Thin Film Composite Membrane for Oily Waste Water Treatment: Recent Advances and Challenges. MEMBRANES 2018; 8:E86. [PMID: 30248932 PMCID: PMC6315848 DOI: 10.3390/membranes8040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oily wastewater discharge from various industry processes and activities have caused dramatic impacts on the human and environment. Treatment of oily wastewater using membrane technology has gained worldwide attention due to its efficiency in removing the amount and concentration of oil and grease as well as other specific pollutants in order to be reused or to fulfill stringent discharge standard. The application of thin film composite (TFC) membrane in reverse osmosis (RO) and forward osmosis (FO) for oily wastewater treatment is an emerging and exciting alternative in this field. This review presents the recent and distinctive development of TFC membranes to address the issues related to oily wastewater treatment. The recent advances in terms of TFC membrane design and separation performance evaluation are reviewed. This article aims to provide useful information and strategies, in both scientific knowledge advancement and practical implementation point of view, for the application TFC membrane for oily wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Akalili Ahmad
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malayisa, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malayisa, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
| | - Zulhairun Abdul Karim
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malayisa, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malayisa, Johor 81310, Malaysia.
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42
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Synthesis and Characterization of Ampholytic Flocculant CPCTS-g-P (CTA-DMDAAC) and Its Flocculation Properties for Microcystis Aeruginosa Removal. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6050054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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43
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Ma J, Shi J, Ding L, Zhang H, Zhou S, Wang Q, Fu X, Jiang L, Fu K. Removal of emulsified oil from water using hydrophobic modified cationic polyacrylamide flocculants synthesized from low-pressure UV initiation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Zhao C, Zheng H, Gao B, Liu Y, Zhai J, Zhang S, Xu B. Ultrasound-initiated synthesis of cationic polyacrylamide for oily wastewater treatment: Enhanced interaction between the flocculant and contaminants. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 42:31-41. [PMID: 29429674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Weak interaction between flocculants and oil is a main bottleneck in the treatment of oil-containing wastewater. To solve this problem, a novel flocculant PAB with cationic micro-block structure and hydrophobic groups of benzene rings was synthesized by ultrasound initiated polymerization technique and applied to remove turbidity and oil from water. To avoid unnecessary addition of reagents in traditional template and micellar copolymerization, surface-active monomer benzyl(methacryloyloxyethyl)dimethylammonium chloride (BMDAC) with self-assembly ability in aqueous solution was employed to synthesize flocculants. The critical association concentration of BMDAC measured by conductivity and surface tension methods was 0.014 mol·L-1. The results of reactivity ratio, statistical analysis of sequence-length distribution and 1H NMR provided evidence for the synthesis of copolymer with cationic micro-block. In addition, the apparent viscosity measurement indicated that PAB had an obvious hydrophobic association property. Finally, flocculation tests demonstrated that flocculation performance was greatly improved by adding PAB and the removal rate of oil and turbidity both reached the maximum (87.5% and 92%) at dosage of 40 mg·L-1 and pH of 7.0. Flocculation mechanism investigation demonstrated that the cooperation of charge neutralization, adsorption bridging, and hydrophobic association effect played an important role. The formed flocs by PAB was large, compact, difficult to break, and easy to regrow because of the enhanced interaction between flocculants and oil. In summary, this study can provide important reference in the design of organic flocculants in oily wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, PR China
| | - Yongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jun Zhai
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bincheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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You Z, Xu H, Sun Y, Zhang S, Zhang L. Effective treatment of emulsified oil wastewater by the coagulation–flotation process. RSC Adv 2018; 8:40639-40646. [PMID: 35557887 PMCID: PMC9091706 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ship emulsified oil wastewater was used as the research object in this study. The highly efficient coagulant demulsification degreasing mechanism and microbubble flotation technology were combined and the effects of coagulant type and dosage amount on the demulsification of emulsified oil wastewater were evaluated. The influence of the mixed coagulation effect of pH values, temperature, and hydraulic condition parameters were determined and water intake, air intake, and oil content were regulated. The coagulant for the demulsification of emulsified oil wastewater was screened; the dosage was 500 mg L−1, and the removal capacity of the coagulant was in the following order: polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) > polyaluminum chloride (PAC) > polysilicate aluminum ferric sulfate (PSAFS) > alum > Al2(SO4)3 > polyferric sulfate > FeCl3. Polyacrylamide (PAM) with added water was used to further reduce the oil content. The PAFC, PAC, and PSAFS were selected as coagulation–air flotation dynamic test alternative agents. The investment quantities of PAFC, PSAFS and PAM were 300 mg L−1, 300 mg L−1 and 30 mg L−1, respectively. The stirring time was 5 min, the pH value was 6.5–6.9, the flow rate was 0.25 m3 h−1, the oil content of the emulsified oil wastewater was 3000–5000 mg L−1 and the effluent oil was stable below 15 ppm. The microbubble generation device using air flotation effluent was used in the two air flotation treatments to enhance the device efficiency. The air flotation device adopted the structural design of the upper part of the water inlet and the lower part of the micro-air bubble, which can increase the collision probability of the microbubble and improve the efficiency of oil removal. Ship emulsified oil wastewater was used as the research object in this study.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction
- College of Urban Construction
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction
- College of Urban Construction
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction
- College of Urban Construction
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction
- College of Urban Construction
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction
- College of Urban Construction
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
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