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Clements J, Bowman E, Tolhurst R, Savage M, Piwko A, Chen C, Lyons E, Leung N, Mulholland S, d'Ancona G. The role of the clinical pharmacist in the respiratory or sleep multidisciplinary team. Breathe (Sheff) 2023; 19:230123. [PMID: 38125801 PMCID: PMC10729827 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0123-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the pharmacist has evolved significantly, not least over the last 20 years. It delivers a skilled profession with a vital role in medicines optimisation and the management of patients with a respiratory or sleep disorder. While pharmacists are capable of acting as independent practitioners delivering direct patient care, this article explores their contribution to multidisciplinary teams within asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, interstitial lung disease and sleep medicine. Having identified patient cohorts needing specialist medicines support, notably those with poor medicines adherence or specific medicines-related needs (for example during adolescence, or women who are pregnant or breastfeeding), these pharmacists work within primary, secondary and specialist tertiary care. The aim of this review is to share and inspire innovative models of working to include more pharmacists in respiratory and sleep medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Clements
- Pharmacy Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elaine Bowman
- CF and Bronchiectasis, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rowan Tolhurst
- CF and Bronchiectasis, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Maeve Savage
- Pharmacy Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alicia Piwko
- Pharmacy Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Elaine Lyons
- Pharmacy Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Gráinne d'Ancona
- Pharmacy Department, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Rhee H, Batek L, Rew L, Tumiel-Berhalter L. Parents' Experiences and Perceptions of Healthcare Transition in Adolescents with Asthma: A Qualitative Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1510. [PMID: 37761471 PMCID: PMC10527731 DOI: 10.3390/children10091510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence marks a significant transition from pediatric to adult healthcare, and parents play critical roles in supporting their adolescents with chronic conditions through this process. However, little is known about parents' experiences, perceptions, and needs during this healthcare transition. This qualitative study explores the experiences and perceptions of parents regarding the care transition of their 16-17-year-old adolescents with asthma. Nineteen mothers participated in either a focus group or individual interviews, and a content analysis was conducted on the data. Parents expressed negative emotions and various concerns about their teens' transition readiness and asthma management. A need for early transition training for both adolescents and parents was discussed. Overall, the complexity and challenges associated with the healthcare transition of adolescents with asthma take a toll on parents, particularly when their teens are not adequately prepared to manage asthma independently. Parents need appropriate anticipatory guidance regarding the transition and skills to navigate changing roles and negotiate asthma care responsibilities with their teens. Timely interventions and support strategies for both adolescents and parents are needed to ensure the successful healthcare transition of adolescents with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyun Rhee
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St., Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Lindsay Batek
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Lynn Rew
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St., Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Laurene Tumiel-Berhalter
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
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Rhee H, Choi Y, Tumiel-Berhalter L. Transition readiness in middle and older adolescents with asthma and associated factors: a descriptive study. J Asthma 2023; 60:991-999. [PMID: 36040871 PMCID: PMC10011012 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2119864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is the leading chronic health condition in adolescents, yet little is known about adolescents' readiness to transition into adult-focused care. This study examines transition readiness in middle and late adolescents with asthma. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2019 with 41 adolescents (16-20 years old) with asthma. Transition readiness was measured with the 20-item Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ), which comprises five subscales. RESULTS Slight majorities of the sample comprised females (58.5%) and minority adolescents (56%). The sample's overall mean score on the TRAQ was 3.89 (±0.63; possible range 1-5). Managing daily activities was associated with talking with providers subscale (r = 0.36; p < 0.01), but not with other TRAQ subscales. Females reported greater scores for managing medications than did males, with mean = 4.2 vs. 3.6 (t = -2.15, p = 0.04). Transition readiness did not differ by race or health insurance type. However, scores on arranging transportation to medical appointments were lower among minority adolescents than whites (4.17 vs. 4.8, t = 2.56, p = 0.01). Better asthma control was associated with higher scores on talking with providers (r = -0.42; p < 0.01), but not with other subscale domains. CONCLUSIONS Overall transition readiness is suboptimal in middle to late adolescents with asthma. Adolescents' capacity to manage daily activities is not a valid indicator of transition readiness in disease self-management. It is important to consider gender, race, and asthma control in understanding transition readiness in adolescents with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyun Rhee
- University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, 1710 Red River St. Austin, TX 78712
| | - Yuri Choi
- University of Rochester School of Nursing, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642
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Gilbert C, Bennett KM, Brown C, Bush A. Experiences of UK-based adult transition services for interstitial lung disease in childhood: "There's a lot less cushioning". Pediatr Pulmonol 2023. [PMID: 37083202 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease in childhood (chILD) is rare and no longer purely a childhood issue as many survive into adulthood, and so have to transition from pediatric to adult healthcare services. Transition is a significant life event that has the potential to impact on physical and mental health outcomes. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) statement on chILD transition highlighted the lack of standardised transition services for chILD transition resulting in a haphazard process. This qualitative study explores how young people and parents in the United Kingdom experienced transition from paediatric to adult healthcare services for chILD. Participants (n = 7) were recruited from chILD patient organisations and online communities. We focused on the experience of transition exploring if there were any information packs or support provided for the transition. Such support may be generic, such as "Ready Steady Go" which provides a systematic approach to transition and disease-specific literature. These latter have not been developed for ILD. Data were analysed by constructivist grounded theory. We present a lived experience of transition with themes of lack of transition preparation and planning, challenges of adapting to adult services, and a changing healthcare scene. Due to the complexity of chILD, parents discussed their need to remain, in part, as an advocate for the young person. Respondents provided recommendations for how transition could be improved along with tips for young people who are new to the transition process, which include educating oneself about the condition, learning medical terminology, and reaching out for support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlee Gilbert
- School of Psychology, Institute for Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kate M Bennett
- School of Psychology, Institute for Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher Brown
- School of Psychology, Institute for Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew Bush
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Rhee H, Batek L, Wallace-Farquharson T, Tumiel-Berhalter L. Are Mid to Late Adolescents with Asthma Ready for Transition of Care? A Qualitative Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1573. [PMID: 36291509 PMCID: PMC9600616 DOI: 10.3390/children9101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative descriptive study explores experiences and perspectives of mid-to-late adolescents about growing up with asthma, and the roles of parents and providers as they transition. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit and enroll adolescents aged 16-20 years with asthma. Forty-one adolescents participated in a focus group or individual interview, and content analysis was conducted to analyze the data. The mean age of participants was 17.7 years, the majority (56%) of whom were Black. Themes that emerged included concerns about becoming an adult with asthma and its self-management, parental involvement, and communication with providers. Adolescents felt burdened by asthma, few considered becoming adults with asthma, and their future outlook was pessimistic with concerns related to worsening symptoms, inadequacy in symptom self-management and limitations on career choices due to asthma. Deficiencies in self-management were noted, parents still played major roles in adolescents' asthma care, and transition of care was seldom discussed with the providers. Mid-to-late adolescents with asthma are inadequately prepared for transition of care, and parents and providers insufficiently engage adolescents in the preparation. Parent, provider, and adolescent partnership is critical to achieve adolescent readiness for independence in asthma management and to ensure proper asthma care continuity post transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyun Rhee
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, 1710 Red River St., Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Lindsay Batek
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | - Laurene Tumiel-Berhalter
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Buffalo, 77 Goodell St., Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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Schwarz T, Schmidt AE, Bobek J, Ladurner J. Barriers to accessing health care for people with chronic conditions: a qualitative interview study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1037. [PMID: 35964086 PMCID: PMC9375930 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing interest in redesigning healthcare systems to increase access to and coordination across care settings for people with chronic conditions. We aim to gain a better understanding of the barriers faced by (1) children with chronic bronchial asthma, (2) adults with non-specific chronic back pain, and (3) older people with pre-existing mental illness/es in Austria's fragmented social health insurance system. METHODS Using a qualitative design, we conducted semi-structured interviews face-to-face and by telephone with health service providers, researchers, experts by experience (persons with lived/ personal experience, i.e., service users, patient advocates or family members/carers), and employees in public health administration between July and October 2019. The analysis and interpretation of data were guided by Levesque's model of access, a conceptual framework used to evaluate access broadly according to different dimensions of accessibility to care: approachability, acceptability, availability and accommodation, affordability, and appropriateness. RESULTS The findings from the 25 expert interviews were organised within Levesque's conceptual framework. They highlight a lack of coordination and defined patient pathways, particularly at the onset of the condition, when seeking a diagnosis, and throughout the care process. On the supply side, patterns of poor patient-provider communication, lack of a holistic therapeutic approach, an urban-rural divide, strict separation between social care and the healthcare system and limited consultation time were among the barriers identified. On the demand side, patients' ability to perceive a need and to subsequently seek and reach healthcare services was an important barrier, closely linked to a patient's socio-economic status, health literacy and ability to pay. CONCLUSIONS While studies on unmet needs suggest a very low level of barriers to accessing health care in the Austrian context, our study highlights potential 'invisible' barriers. Barriers to healthcare access are of concern for patients with chronic conditions, underlining existing findings about the need to improve health services according to patients' specific needs. Research on how to structure timely and integrated care independent of social and economic resources, continuity of care, and significant improvements in patient-centred communication and coordination of care would be paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Schwarz
- Austrian National Public Health Institute, Addiction Competence Centre, Stubenring 6, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea E Schmidt
- Austrian National Public Health Institute, Competence Centre on Climate and Health, Stubenring 6, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Bobek
- Austrian National Public Health Institute, Health Economics and Health Systems Analysis, Stubenring 6, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joy Ladurner
- Austrian National Public Health Institute, Psychosocial Health, Stubenring 6, 1010, Vienna, Austria
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Warraich S, Sonnappa S. Frontiers Review: Severe Asthma in Adolescents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:930196. [PMID: 35874577 PMCID: PMC9300996 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.930196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma remains the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease of childhood. Severe asthma accounts for a minority group of patients but with substantial morbidity burden. It may reflect disease which is resistant to treatment or that which is difficult to treat, or a combination of both. The adolescent patient cohort denote a unique group and are the focus of this review. This group of patients embody transitioning priorities and evolving health beliefs, all of which may influence the management and burden of disease. Factors of importance include the influence of physiological parameters such as sex and race, which have confer implications for medical management and non-physiological factors, such as adherence, risk-taking behavior, and vaping. The holistic approach to management of severe asthma within this group of patients must acknowledge the evolving patient independence and desire for autonomy and strive for a collaborative, patient tailored approach. This review will focus on the factors that may pose a challenge to the management of severe adolescent asthma whilst offering suggestions for changes in practice that might harness patient priorities and shared clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Warraich
- Department of Respiratory Pediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samatha Sonnappa
- Department of Respiratory Pediatrics, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Akuthota P, Jackson DJ, Wechsler ME. Introducing the Severe Asthma Series of Invited Reviews. Chest 2021; 160:1151-1152. [PMID: 34625156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
| | - David J Jackson
- Guy's Severe Asthma Centre, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, England
| | - Michael E Wechsler
- Cohen Family Asthma Institute, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
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