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Chen Y, Zhong Y, Wang M, Su X, Li Q, Wang J, Sun L. Global trends and differences in the burden of alcohol use disorders attributable to childhood sexual abuse by sex, age, and socio-demographic index: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 153:106818. [PMID: 38696952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a severe global problem associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Previous studies have confirmed this relationship; however, there is a lack of research on the disease burden of AUD attributable to CSA. OBJECTIVE To analyze global spatiotemporal trends and differences in the disease burden of AUD attributable to CSA and its relationship with age, sex, and the sociodemographic index (SDI). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Public Database. METHODS Summary exposure value (SEV) was used to evaluate CSA. Disability-adjusted life year (DALY), years lived with disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL), and their annual rates of change were used to evaluate disease burden. Cluster analysis based on Ward's method was used to examine the global burden associated with age, sex, and SDI. A 95 % uncertainty intervals (UI), excluding 0, was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In 2019, 1.63 million (95 % UI 0.23-3.90 million) DALYs of AUD were caused by CSA and the age-standardized rates (ASRs) of DALY was 19.77 (95 % UI 2.78-47.46) globally. Annual rates of change in DALY of people over 65 years of age increased from 1990 to 2019 in all regions except the High-middle SDI regions. The ASRs of DALY of females in High SDI regions, were always at a much higher level than other SDI regions, and showed an upward trend from 1990 to 2019 (DALY 1990: 20.38 [95 % UI 2.87-47.77], 2019: 23.61 [95 % UI 3.55-54.94]). CONCLUSIONS Substantial geographical differences were observed in the burden of AUD attributable to CSA. The level of CSA exposure was inconsistent with the related burden of AUD in different regions according to the sociodemographic index. The burden of disease increased in the elderly population and in females in high sociodemographic index regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yunxi Zhong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaoying Su
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qixiu Li
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China
| | - Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan 250012, China.
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Liu J, Deng J, Zhang H, Tang X. The relationship between child maltreatment and social anxiety: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:157-167. [PMID: 36841306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, child maltreatment has become a serious problem, affecting individuals' physical and mental health. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between child maltreatment and social anxiety. METHODS MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published by October 2021. Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Maltreatment type, sample setting, age, country and measurement instruments were analyzed as moderators. RESULTS Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Child maltreatment was positively correlated with social anxiety (r = 0.201, 95 % CI [0.171, 0.230]). The moderating effect of maltreatment subtypes was significant whether divided into three types (Qb = 12.152, p = .002), or five types (Qb = 11.574, p = .021). Specifically, emotional maltreatment (r = 0.251, 95 % CI [0.201, 0.298]) had a stronger relationship with social anxiety than physical (r = 0.138, 95 % CI [0.085, 0.191]; Qb = 9.312, p = .002) and sexual maltreatment (r = 0.153, 95 % CI [0.108, 0.197]; Qb = 9.197, p = .002). However, there was no significant difference in the effect size between physical and sexual maltreatment (Qb = 0.096, p = .757). Other variables (age, sample setting and country) were not significant moderators. LIMITATIONS Only twenty-nine studies were included, and there was high heterogeneity among the studies, the interpretation of the results should be cautious. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirmed the relationship between child maltreatment and social anxiety, especially highlight the harmfulness of emotional maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Deng
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China; Laboratory of Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China; Interdisciplinary Platform of Philosophy and Cognitive Science, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
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Bassir Nia A, Weleff J, Fogelman N, Nourbakhsh S, Sinha R. Regular cannabis use is associated with history of childhood and lifetime trauma in a non-clinical community sample. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 159:159-164. [PMID: 36736285 PMCID: PMC10024801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Higher rate of substance use, including cannabis, has been reported in individuals with a history of childhood trauma, but less is known about the association between cannabis use with lifetime history of trauma and chronic stress, and potential gender differences in this association. This study systematically examined this association in a cross-sectional study of 841 individuals recruited between 2007 and 2012 from the community in New Haven, Connecticut. The Cumulative Adversity Index (CAI) was used to measure cumulative lifetime major life events, life trauma, and recent life events and chronic stress. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to measure childhood trauma. Current and regular use of drugs were assessed using self-report questionnaires and objectively verified with urine drug testing. Higher rates of childhood trauma as well as lifetime trauma, and major life events were found in cannabis users, compared to non-users. The association between cannabis use with childhood trauma (total CTQ scores) was significant after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity and regular use of alcohol or cocaine. In logistic regression analysis, cannabis use had a significant positive association with major life events and lifetime trauma, but not with chronic stress, controlling for confounding factors including age, gender, ethnicity, and regular use of alcohol and cocaine. When analyzed separately, only in women the association between cannabis use and childhood trauma was significant. These associations point to further assessment of the impact of these gender differences on neurobiology of stress and cannabis misuse risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Bassir Nia
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jeremy Weleff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Cleveland Clinic, United States.
| | - Nia Fogelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Sormeh Nourbakhsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, United States
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Rogers CJ, Pakdaman S, Forster M, Sussman S, Grigsby TJ, Victoria J, Unger JB. Effects of multiple adverse childhood experiences on substance use in young adults: A review of the literature. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 234:109407. [PMID: 35306395 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACE), including maltreatment and household dysfunction, are consistent predictors of health compromising behaviors in adulthood. While most ACE studies have focused on adults, there is an emerging body of research focusing on young adulthood. METHODS This review describes research focused on the relationship between ACE and substance use among young adults. Two databases were searched for studies published from 1998 to 2021 that assess the relationship between ACE and substance use among young adults. Of the 1474 articles identified in the search, 43 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Consensus across reviewed studies is that the relationship between ACE and substance use demonstrated in the general adult population is evident in young adults, although effects varied by demographic variables such as gender and ethnic background. CONCLUSIONS The need for standardized measures across studies, racial/ethnic considerations, and the importance of building trauma informed prevention programs targeting this age group are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Rogers
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Sheila Pakdaman
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Myriam Forster
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Steve Sussman
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Grigsby
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
| | - Jazmine Victoria
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Unger
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Villalba K, Attonito J, Jean-Gilles M, Rosenberg R, Dévieux JG. Gender differences in the association between childhood sexual abuse and risk behaviors among people living with HIV in Haiti. AIDS Care 2020; 32:1438-1444. [PMID: 32342715 PMCID: PMC7572495 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1757022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that in the Caribbean one-third of people living with HIV continue to engage in unprotected sexual practices. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and HIV-related risk behaviors have been found to play a contributory role in HIV transmission. We aimed to analyze gender differences in the association between CSA and substance use and sexual risk behaviors among Haitians living with HIV. A total of 276 HIV-positive individuals participated in this study with 56% experiencing sexual abuse during childhood. Results showed that participants who experienced CSA had increased odds of hazardous drinking compared to those who did not experience CSA; men (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-7.3) and women (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.6). While, marijuana use was only significantly associated in women (OR 5.2, 95% CI 2.1-13.5). For sexual risk behaviors, unprotected sex was significantly associated in both men (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.3-7.1) and women (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5-7.7) who experienced CSA. Results of this study underscore the need for further research to better understand the role of gender in the relationship between CSA and risky behaviors among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Villalba
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public, Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Fl, USA
| | - Jennifer Attonito
- Health Administration, Florida Atlantic University, College of Business, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Michele Jean-Gilles
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public, Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Fl, USA
| | - Rhonda Rosenberg
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public, Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Fl, USA
| | - Jessy G. Dévieux
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel College of Public, Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Fl, USA
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Abajobir AA, Najman JM, Williams G, Strathearn L, Clavarino A, Kisely S. Substantiated childhood maltreatment and young adulthood cannabis use disorders: A pre-birth cohort study. Psychiatry Res 2017; 256:21-31. [PMID: 28622571 PMCID: PMC5603409 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the association between exposure to prospectively-substantiated childhood maltreatment between 0 and 14 years of age and lifetime cannabis use, abuse and dependence reported at 21 years. Data were taken from 2526 (51.6% female) participants in the Mater Hospital-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, a pre-birth, prospective, cohort study. Prospectively-substantiated cases of childhood maltreatment, reported to the government child protection agencies between 0 and 14 years of age, were linked to CIDI DSM-IV self-report data from the 21-year follow-up. Exposure to any childhood maltreatment, and childhood neglect in particular, predicted subsequent cannabis abuse with adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of 1.79 and 2.62, respectively. Any childhood maltreatment, physical abuse, emotional abuse and neglect predicted cannabis dependence with AORs of 2.47, 2.81, 2.44 and 2.68, respectively. The associations for an early age of onset of cannabis abuse and dependence were significant and consistent for maltreated children. In addition, frequency of maltreatment substantiations predicted cannabis abuse, dependence and an early age of onset of these disorders. The AORs for cannabis ever use without any DSM-IV cannabis disorder were 1.78 for any maltreatment and 2.15 for emotional abuse. Any childhood maltreatment and neglect predicted lifetime ever cannabis use, as well as cannabis use disorder. There was little evidence for any interaction between gender and different forms of childhood maltreatment and its association with cannabis use disorders. Physical abuse, emotional abuse and neglect, as well as multiple episodes of maltreatment independently predicted cannabis use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanuel Alemu Abajobir
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Public Health Building, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jake Moses Najman
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Public Health Building, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Center, The University of Queensland, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gail Williams
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Public Health Building, Herston 4006, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lane Strathearn
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Center for Disabilities and Development, University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alexandra Clavarino
- Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - Steve Kisely
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba 4102, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Psychiatry, Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Rudzinski K, McDonough P, Gartner R, Strike C. Is there room for resilience? A scoping review and critique of substance use literature and its utilization of the concept of resilience. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2017; 12:41. [PMID: 28915841 PMCID: PMC5603070 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-017-0125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in the area of illicit substance use remains preoccupied with describing and analyzing the risks of people who use drugs (PWUD), however more recently there has been a drive to use a strengths-based or resilience approach as an alternative to investigating drug use. This leads us to ask: what can be known about PWUD from the point of view of resilience? The objective of this scoping review is to analyze how the concept of resilience is defined, operationalized, and applied in substance use research. Popular health, social science, psychology, and inter-disciplinary databases namely: SCOPUS, PUBMED, PsycINFO, and Sociological Abstracts were searched. Studies were selected if they used the concept of resilience and if substance use was a key variable under investigation. A total of 77 studies were identified which provided a definition of resilience, or attempted to operationalize (e.g., via scales) the concept of resilience in some manner. Data were charted and sorted using key terms and fundamental aspects of resilience. The majority of studies focus on youth and their resistance to, or engagement in, substance use. There is also a small but growing area of research that examines recovery from substance addiction as a form of resilience. Very few studies were found that thoroughly investigated resilience among PWUD. Consistently throughout the literature drug use is presented as a 'risk factor' jeopardizing one's ability to be resilient, or drug use is seen as a 'maladaptive coping strategy', purporting one's lack of resilience. Currently, substance use research provides a substantial amount of information about the internal strengths that can assist in resisting future drug use; however there is less information about the external resources that play a role, especially for adults. Though popular, outcome-based conceptualizations of resilience are often static, concealing the potential for developing resilience over time or as conditions change. Studies of resilience among PWUD predominantly concentrate on health-related behaviours, recovery-related factors or predefined harm reduction strategies. Indeed, overall, current conceptualizations of resilience are too narrow to recognize all the potential manifestations of resilience practices in the daily lives of individuals who actively use drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Rudzinski
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
| | - Peggy McDonough
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
| | - Rosemary Gartner
- Centre for Criminology & Sociolegal Studies, University of Toronto, 14 Queen’s Park Crescent West, Toronto, ON M5S 3K9 Canada
| | - Carol Strike
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
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Lu FY, Wen S, Deng G, Tang YL. Self-concept mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and abstinence motivation as well as self-efficacy among drug addicts. Addict Behav 2017; 68:52-58. [PMID: 28088744 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood maltreatment is widely accepted as a risk factor for drug addiction from adolescence to adulthood. However, the influence of childhood maltreatment on drug treatment related variables, such as drug abstinence motivation and self-concept, as well as self-efficacy, remains unclear. This study aims at exploring whether self-concept mediates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and abstinence motivation, as well as self-efficacy, among drug addicts. METHODS This study involves 816 (550 males, 226 females, mean age=34.59, range=16-58 years) drug addicts from compulsory detoxification units. Participants completed questionnaires, including the childhood trauma questionnaire 28 - item short form (CTQ - SF), Tennessee self-concept scale (TSCS), general self-efficacy scale (GSES), and drug abstinence motivation questionnaire (DAMQ). RESULTS The structural equation model (SEM) analysis, including total and specific forms of maltreatment scores, showed that childhood maltreatment was negatively associated with self-concept, self-efficacy, and abstinence motivation. Self-concept was positively associated with self-efficacy and abstinence motivation. Conversely, significant association between self-efficacy and abstinence motivation did not exist. An indirect analysis showed that self-concept mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and self-efficacy. Critically, self-concept arbitrated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and abstinence motivation. The indirect effect of self-concept between childhood maltreatment and abstinence motivation still existed when the total scores of maltreatment were replaced by the scores of specific forms of maltreatment. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that self-concept is a critical factor in understanding the relationship between childhood maltreatment and abstinence motivation, as well as self-efficacy, among drug addicts. Improving the sense of self-worth may be an effective intervention therapy among drug addicts with childhood maltreatment history.
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Links between maltreatment during childhood or adolescence and risk-related substance use among young adults. EVOLUTION PSYCHIATRIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fernandez ME, Daset L, Vanderplasschen W, Costa Ball CD, Van Damme L, Vindevogel S. Risk and protective factors for alcohol use among school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay). DRUGS AND ALCOHOL TODAY 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/dat-01-2016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore risk and protective factors for alcohol use among school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay).
Design/methodology/approach
A self-report survey was administered to 331 school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay) (Mage=13; SD=0.05), using the alcohol screening instrument of the Uruguayan National Drug Board to assess adolescents’ alcohol use (yes/no), a screening instrument for psychopathology and resilience (the adolescent self-report) and a socio-demographic questionnaire.
Findings
Logistic regression analyses identified antisocial behaviour, substance use and negative emotionality (F2), disruptive and dysregulated behaviour (F8), higher age and recent death of a close relative as risk factors, while the number of close friends was identified as a protective factor for past year alcohol use (yes/no). No straightforward relationship was found between schools and the risk for the past year alcohol use. In addition, age, F2, F8 and recent death of a close relative appeared to be the most robust predictors.
Research limitations/implications
The study was the first in Uruguay to relate adolescents’ alcohol use to risk and protective factors. Given the cross-sectional nature of the study, causal relationships could not be determined.
Originality/value
The study provides preliminary recommendations for policy makers and other stakeholders involved in youth affairs on core elements to focus on school-, community- and family-based alcohol prevention programmes for adolescents.
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Le MTH, Holton S, Nguyen HT, Wolfe R, Fisher J. Victimisation, poly-victimisation and health-related quality of life among high school students in Vietnam: a cross-sectional survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2016; 14:155. [PMID: 27814728 PMCID: PMC5097374 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-016-0558-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In high and upper-middle income countries poly-victimisation (exposure to multiple forms of victimisation) is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among adolescents. There is a lack of empirical evidence about these associations from low- and lower-middle income countries. The aims of this study were to examine the associations between exposure to 1) individual forms of victimisation and 2) poly-victimisation and the HRQoL of adolescents in Vietnam. Method A cross-sectional, anonymously-completed survey of high school students in Hanoi, Vietnam. Lifetime exposure to eight individual forms of victimisation and poly-victimisation were assessed using the Juvenile Victimisation Questionnaire Revised-2 (JVQ R2). Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Duke Health Profile Adolescent Version (DHP-A). Bi-variate analyses and multiple linear regressions were conducted to assess the associations between individual forms of victimisation, poly-victimisation and HRQoL among girls and boys. Results In total 1616/1745 students (92.6 %) completed the questionnaire. Adolescent girls had significantly worse HRQoL than boys in all domains, except disability. Different forms of victimisation were associated with different HRQoL domains among girls and boys. Cyber victimisation was the most detrimental to girls’ HRQoL while for boys maltreatment was the most detrimental. Experiences of poly-victimisation were associated with worse HRQoL in physical, mental, social and general health, lower levels of self-esteem and increased levels of anxiety, depression and pain domains among both sexes. Conclusions Among Vietnamese adolescents, experiences of individual forms of victimisation were associated with poorer HRQoL in specific domains; the most detrimental forms of victimisation varied for girls and boys. However, it was experiences of poly-victimisation that had the most detrimental impacts on the HRQoL of both sexes. Recognition of violence, including poly-victimisation, is still low in Vietnam. These data indicate that community education, prevention and early intervention programs to reduce violent victimisation and assist adolescents who have experienced it, with attention to gender differences, are needed in Vietnam. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12955-016-0558-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh T H Le
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 6th Floor, the Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Sara Holton
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 6th Floor, the Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Huong T Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Behaviours and Health Education, Hanoi School of Public Health, 138 Giang Vo street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Rory Wolfe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 6, the Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 6th Floor, the Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Childhood physical and sexual abuse, and adult health risk behaviours among university students from 24 countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY IN AFRICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2016.1163899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
- HIV/AIDS/STIs/and TB (HAST), Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- Department of Research & Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
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Nelson RG. Residential context, institutional alloparental care, and child growth in Jamaica. Am J Hum Biol 2015; 28:493-502. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robin G. Nelson
- Skidmore University, Department of Anthropology; Saratoga Springs New York 12866
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Longman-Mills S, Haye WDL, Hamilton HA, Brands B, Wright MDG, Cumsille F, Mann R, Khenti A. Psychological maltreatment and its relationship with substance abuse among university students in Kingston, Jamaica. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-07072015001070014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of substance abuse in Jamaica, highlights the need to understand the drivers of substance abuse. Experiencing psychological maltreatment (emotional abuse and neglect) during childhood has been suggested to be a risk factor for substance abuse. This study investigates the relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and adult substance abuse among Jamaican university students. Three hundred and eighty two (382) university students were selected using systematic sampling techniques. They completed a Kessler Psychological Distress Scale questionnaire, as well as items selected from the Adverse Childhood Experiences and CICAD Drug Use questionnaires. 66.7% had experienced psychological maltreatment. Chi-square analyses identified a significant relationship between experiencing psychological maltreatment and substance abuse (p<0.05). This research provides evidence in support of a link between exposure to childhood psychological maltreatment and substance abuse in adulthood.
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Fisher HL, McGuffin P, Boydell J, Fearon P, Craig TK, Dazzan P, Morgan K, Doody GA, Jones PB, Leff J, Murray RM, Morgan C. Interplay between childhood physical abuse and familial risk in the onset of psychotic disorders. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40:1443-51. [PMID: 24399191 PMCID: PMC4193698 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood abuse is considered one of the main environmental risk factors for the development of psychotic symptoms and disorders. However, this association could be due to genetic factors influencing exposure to such risky environments or increasing sensitivity to the detrimental impact of abuse. Therefore, using a large epidemiological case-control sample, we explored the interplay between a specific form of childhood abuse and family psychiatric history (a proxy for genetic risk) in the onset of psychosis. METHODS Data were available on 172 first presentation psychosis cases and 246 geographically matched controls from the Aetiology and Ethnicity of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses study. Information on childhood abuse was obtained retrospectively using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire and occurrence of psychotic and affective disorders in first degree relatives with the Family Interview for Genetic Studies. RESULTS Parental psychosis was more common among psychosis cases than unaffected controls (adjusted OR = 5.96, 95% CI: 2.09-17.01, P = .001). Parental psychosis was also associated with physical abuse from mothers in both cases (OR = 3.64, 95% CI: 1.06-12.51, P = .040) and controls (OR = 10.93, 95% CI: 1.03-115.90, P = .047), indicative of a gene-environment correlation. Nevertheless, adjusting for parental psychosis did not measurably impact on the abuse-psychosis association (adjusted OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.22-8.95, P = .018). No interactions were found between familial liability and maternal physical abuse in determining psychosis caseness. CONCLUSIONS This study found no evidence that familial risk accounts for associations between childhood physical abuse and psychotic disorder nor that it substantially increases the odds of psychosis among individuals reporting abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Fisher
- MRC Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, PO80, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK; tel: +44 (0)207-848-5430, fax +44 (0)207-848-0866, e-mail:
| | - Peter McGuffin
- MRC Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jane Boydell
- Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Fearon
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas K. Craig
- Health Services & Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Gillian A. Doody
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Peter B. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian Leff
- Mental Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Craig Morgan
- Health Services & Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK;,National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
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Hamilton HA, Boak A, Mann RE. Involvement with child protective services: is this a useful question in population-based surveys? CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2013; 37:712-715. [PMID: 23838213 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Direct questions on child maltreatment in population-based surveys are often limited by ethical and methodological issues. This restricts the ability of researchers to examine an important aspect of early adversity and its relationship to health and behavior. An alternative to excluding issues of maltreatment entirely in population-based surveys is to include questions on child and family involvement with child protective services (CPS). A school-based adolescent survey that included a question on child and family involvement with CPS yielded results that were generally consistent with other studies relating child maltreatment to health and behavioral outcomes such as psychological distress symptoms, delinquency, aspects of bullying, and health service utilization. Such findings suggest that questions on involvement with CPS may be a reasonable proxy for child maltreatment. Despite the lack of information on the reason for involvement or specific categories of maltreatment, CPS involvement questions highlight the shared familial experience that surrounds CPS involvement and serves as a general reflection of an adverse experience that can be utilized by researchers interested in early experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley A Hamilton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S1, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Fraser J. Responsible use of child welfare and administrative datasets to build the capacity of child abuse and neglect prevention research internationally. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2013; 37:87-89. [PMID: 23369346 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Tonmyr L, Wekerle C. Risk and resilience in association with child maltreatment. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2013; 37:1-3. [PMID: 23290622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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