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Robin A, Barbeau EJ, Denuelle M, Guillen A, De Barros A, Sol JC, Mirabel H, Lotterie JA, Yrondi A, Rulquin F, Valton L, Curot J. Mise en abyme of post-traumatic stress disorder and infantile regression revealed by intracranial electrical stimulation in epilepsy. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:983-986. [PMID: 39154800 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Robin
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France; Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5549, Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel J Barbeau
- Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5549, Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Denuelle
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France; Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Abel Guillen
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Toulouse, France
| | - Amaury De Barros
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France; INSERM, U1214, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Christophe Sol
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France; INSERM, U1214, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Toulouse, France
| | - Helene Mirabel
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France; INSERM, U1214, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Albert Lotterie
- INSERM, U1214, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Yrondi
- INSERM, U1214, Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Rulquin
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France
| | - Luc Valton
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France; Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Jonathan Curot
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Toulouse, France; Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5549, Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.
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Gao Y, Liu J, Liu X, Wang Y, Qiu S. Dimensions of family stress and repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescence: Examining the interactive effects of impulsivity and emotion dysregulation. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2024; 152:106804. [PMID: 38636157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive non-suicidal self-injury (R-NSSI) in adolescence represents a significant risk factor for suicide. Although exposure to family stress is robustly associated with the risk of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), studies have not examined the potential mechanisms linking different forms of family stress and R-NSSI. OBJECTIVE This study examined how unique dimensions of family stress (threat and deprivation) relate to R-NSSI via interactions between impulsivity and emotion dysregulation. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The current sample included 3801 middle-school adolescents (42.2 % girls, Mage = 13.21 years). METHODS We conducted a two-wave study with 6-month intervals. Participants completed self-report measures assessing family stress, impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and NSSI. RESULTS Moderate mediation analyses showed that threat was indirectly associated with NSSI frequency through the interaction of impulsivity and emotion dysregulation in the R-NSSI group and indirectly through impulsivity in the occasional NSSI (O-NSSI) group. Deprivation did not predict subsequent NSSI frequency in either group. CONCLUSIONS These findings lend empirical support to dimensional models of adversity and suggest that adolescents who experience threat-related family stress may have greater impulsivity and are more likely to report R-NSSI in the context of emotion dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemiao Gao
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojie Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Stumps A, Bounoua N, Sadeh N. Emotional reactivity linking assaultive trauma and risky behavior: Evidence of differences between cisgender women and men. J Trauma Stress 2024; 37:492-503. [PMID: 38454638 PMCID: PMC11176033 DOI: 10.1002/jts.23028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that trauma exposure is positively associated with future engagement in risky behavior, such as substance misuse, aggression, risky sex, and self-harm. However, the psychological factors driving this association and their relevance across gender groups require further clarification. In a community sample of 375 adults with a high rate of trauma exposure (age range: 18-55 years, M = 32.98 years, SD = 10.64; 76.3% assaultive trauma exposure), we examined whether emotional reactivity linked lifetime assaultive trauma exposure with past-month risky behavior. We also explored whether this model differed for cisgender women (n = 178, 47.6%) and men (n = 197, 52.5%). As hypothesized, assaultive trauma was positively related to emotional reactivity, β = .20, SE = 0.03, t(369) = 3.65, p < .001, which, in turn, partially accounted for the association between assaultive trauma and past-month risky behavior, indirect effect: β = .03, SE = 0.01, 95% bootstrapped CI [0.01, 0.06]. Gender moderated this association such that assaultive trauma was indirectly associated with risky behavior via emotional reactivity for women but not for men, index moderation: B = -0.03, SE = 0.02, 95% bootstrapped CI [-0.07, -0.01]. Cross-sectional results suggest that emotional reactivity may be a proximal target for clinical intervention to aid in the reduction of risky behavior among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stumps
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Sassoon SA, Fama R, Pohl KM, Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV. Frontal cortical volume deficits as enduring evidence of childhood abuse in community adults with AUD and HIV infection comorbidity. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 29:100608. [PMID: 38323165 PMCID: PMC10844640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood abuse is an underappreciated source of stress, associated with adverse mental and physical health consequences. Childhood abuse has been directly associated with risky behavior thereby increasing the likelihood of alcohol misuse and risk of HIV infection, conditions associated with brain structural and functional deficits. Here, we examined the neural and behavioral correlates of childhood trauma history in alcohol use disorder (AUD), HIV infection (HIV), and their comorbidity (AUD+HIV). Methods Occurrence of childhood trauma was evaluated by retrospective interview. Cortical (frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital), subcortical (hippocampus, amygdala), and regional frontal volumes were derived from structural MRI, adjusted for intracranial volume and age. Test scores of executive functioning, attention/working memory, verbal/visual learning, verbal/visual memory, and motor speed functional domains were standardized on age and education of a laboratory control group. Results History of childhood abuse was associated with smaller frontal lobe volumes regardless of diagnosis. For frontal subregional volumes, history of childhood abuse was selectively associated with smaller orbitofrontal and supplementary motor volumes. In participants with a child abuse history, poorer verbal/visual memory performance was associated with smaller orbitofrontal and frontal middle volumes, whereas in those without childhood abuse, poorer verbal/visual memory performance was associated with smaller orbitofrontal, frontal superior, and supplemental motor volumes. Conclusions Taken together, these results comport with and extend the findings that childhood abuse is associated with brain and behavioral sequelae in AUD, HIV, and AUD+HIV comorbidity. Further, these findings suggest that sequelae of abuse in childhood may be best conceptualized as a spectrum disorder as significant deficits may be present in those who may not meet criteria for a formal trauma-related diagnosis yet may be suffering enduring stress effects on brain structural and functional health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Sassoon
- Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rosemary Fama
- Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kilian M. Pohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edith V. Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Kang J, Rodriguez CM. Spanking and executive functioning in US children: A longitudinal analysis on a matched sample. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 146:106474. [PMID: 37742555 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spanking has been linked to multiple maladaptive child outcomes. However, previous research linking spanking with children's executive function skills (EFs; inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory) is limited by research designs that do not adequately address selection bias concerns, wherein the participant characteristics potentially differ between those who are spanked versus not spanked. OBJECTIVE Using a representative sample of US children aged 5 to 6, this study strengthened the evidence for causal estimates on the link between spanking and subsequent EFs with a matched-group design. Low-frequency spanking and potential moderators (child gender, parent race/ethnicity, parental warmth) were tested to determine if they moderated the link between spanking and EFs. PARTICIPANTS Data were drawn from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (Ns = 12,750-12,830). To mitigate selection bias, entropy-balanced matching was utilized to match spanked versus not-spanked groups, and lagged dependent variable regression analyses were conducted on the matched sample to predict EFs by spanking group status. RESULTS After matching, spanking at age 5 was associated with lower inhibitory control and lower cognitive flexibility at age 6, but was not significantly predictive of later working memory. The association with inhibitory control was observed even for low frequency spanking. However, no evidence of moderation by child gender, parent race/ethnicity, and parental warmth was identified. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that spanking is associated with lower executive functioning in children, although the associations varied by different EF domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehye Kang
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Old Dominion University, United States of America.
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Ziaei S, Hammarström A. The relationship between interpersonal violence in adulthood and mental health: a longitudinal study based on the Northern Swedish Cohort. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:637. [PMID: 37013550 PMCID: PMC10071752 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longitudinal studies evaluating the negative effects of exposure to interpersonal violence in the adulthood on the mental health of both women and men are scarce. Using longitudinal data, we evaluated the relationship between the last year experience of violence and functional somatic and depressive symptoms at the ages of 30 and 43 among participants (n = 1006; 483 women and 523 men) in the Northern Swedish Cohort. Further, the relationship between cumulative exposure to violence over a decade and mental health symptoms among participants was evaluated. METHODS Participants' experience of interpersonal violence and symptoms of functional somatic and depressive symptoms were evaluated with standard questionnaires at the ages of 30 and 43. General linear models were used to evaluate the relationship between the experience of interpersonal violence and mental health symptoms among the participants. The interactions between gender and violence on functional somatic and depressive symptoms were evaluated separately, and models in which the interaction was significant, were split by gender. RESULTS We found that the last year experience of violence at the age of 30 was related to current functional somatic symptoms among all participants and depressive symptoms only among men, (β Adj for the experience of any violence among men: 0.21; CI: 0.12-0.29; Vs. among women: 0.06; CI: -0.04-0.16, p for interaction = 0.02). At the age of 43, last year experience of violence was related to both functional somatic and depressive symptoms in both genders. Finally, a cumulative relationship between the experience of violence over time and mental health symptoms was observed in all participants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that while the relationship between the experience of interpersonal violence and mental health symptoms may differ among men and women and with age, the experience of violence can be negatively related to the mental health in both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ziaei
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, 113 65 Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anne Hammarström
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, 113 65 Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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