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Seidl C, de Lima JM, Leme GM, Pires AF, Stoll DR, Cardoso CL. A Comprehensive 2D-LC/MS Online Platform for Screening of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:868597. [PMID: 35372507 PMCID: PMC8967351 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.868597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous interest in discovering new bioactive molecules derived from natural products (NP) has stimulated the development of improved screening assays to help overcome challenges in NP-based drug discovery. Here, we describe a unique platform for the online screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors without the need for pre-treating the sample. In the current study, we have demonstrated the ability to combine reversed-phase separation with a capillary immobilized enzyme reactor (cIMER) in two-dimensional liquid chromatography system coupled with mass spectrometry detection. We systematically investigated the effects of method parameters that are of practical significance and are known to affect the enzyme assay and interfere in the analysis such as: bioreactor dimensions, loop sizes, amount of immobilized enzyme, second dimension flow rates, reaction time, substrate concentration, presence of organic modifier, limit of detection and signal suppression. The performance of this new platform was evaluated using a mixture containing three known AChE inhibitors (tacrine, galanthamine and donepezil) and an ethanolic extract obtained from the dry bulbs of Hippeastrum calyptratum (Amaryllidaceae) was investigated to provide a proof of concept of the applicability of the platform for the analysis of complex mixtures such as those derived from NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Seidl
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria de Lima
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Mazzi Leme
- SEPARARE Núcleo de Pesquisa Em Cromatografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ananda Ferreira Pires
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dwight R. Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter, MIN, United States
| | - Carmen Lúcia Cardoso
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Carmen Lúcia Cardoso,
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Tan J, Zhang X, Fang J, Shen H, Ding X, Zheng G. UHPLC With On-Line Coupled Biochemical Detection for High Throughput Screening of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Coptidis Rhizoma and Cortex Phellodendri. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:433-439. [PMID: 34664067 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We developed a new on-line method of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with biochemical detection (UHPLC-BCD) to screen acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors in complex matrixes. Chromatography separation was performed using an Xtimate UHPLC C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) and a gradient elution with methanol-0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.08 mL/min. The BCD was based on a colorimetric method using Ellman's reagent, and the detection wavelength was at 405 nm. Galanthamine was used as a positive reference to validate the methodology. The detection and quantitation limits of the UHPLC-BCD method were 0.018 and 0.060 μg, respectively. A functional equation was generated in terms of the negative peak area (X) and galanthamine concentration (Y, μg/mL). The regression equation was Y = 0.0028X2 + 0.4574X + 50.7776, R2 = 0.9993. UHPLC-fourier-transform mass spectrometry detection results revealed that five alkaloids showed obvious AChE inhibitory activities including coptisin, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, berberine and palmatine. The relative AChE inhibitory activities of jatrorrhizine, berberine and palmatine in the Coptidis Rhizoma sample were equal to that of 257.0, 2355 and 283.9 μg/mL of galanthamine, respectively. This work demonstrated that the UHPLC-BCD method was convenient and feasible, and could be widely used for the screening and activity evaluation of the bioactive components in the complex extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.,Engineering Research Center for Drug Qualltiy Control, Hubei Institute for Drug Control, Wuhan 430075, PR China
| | - Xueqiong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jiangji Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Huadan Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Ding
- Engineering Research Center for Drug Qualltiy Control, Hubei Institute for Drug Control, Wuhan 430075, PR China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
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3
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Recent advance on PTP1B inhibitors and their biomedical applications. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 199:112376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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4
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Yuan Y, Zhao M, Riffault-Valois L, Ennahar S, Bergaentzlé M, Marchioni E. Online acetylcholinesterase inhibition evaluation by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry hyphenated with an immobilized enzyme reactor. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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A ratiometric fluorescence probe based on carbon dots for discriminative and highly sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in human whole blood. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:232-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Kang D, Shao Y, Zhu Z, Yin X, Shen B, Chen C, Xu Y, Shen J, Li H, Li X, Xie L, Wang G, Liang Y. Systematically identifying the hepatoprotective ingredients of schisandra lignan extract from pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspectives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:182-192. [PMID: 30668398 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicines (HMs) have been proven to be productive sources of leads for the development of drugs. To date approximately 150 lignans have been identified from Schisandra sphenanthera. Hepatoprotective activity is a well-known characteristic of schisandra lignans, yet the authentic types of active lignans are still not well known. PURPOSE The present study aimed to develop a reliable and efficient strategy for identifying the hepatoprotective ingredients of schisandra lignan extract (SLE). METHODS SLEs were prepared by extracting Schisandra sphenanthera powder using 10%, 50% and 90% ethanol (w/w 1:10) combining 5-fold volume of ethyl acetate. The schisandra lignans in SLEs were qualitatively analyzed based on liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF). Preparative liquid chromatography (PLC) was used to collect ingredient fractions. The hepatoprotective activity of schisandra lignans was systematically investigated on in vivo and in vitro models. RESULTS The SLE extracted by 50% ethanol and 5-fold volume of ethyl acetate (50%SLE) had the highest lignan content and exhibited significantly stronger hepatoprotective activity than other SLEs (P < 0.01). The hepatoprotective effect of 50%SLE mainly attributed to the SLE segment which collected from 12 to 22 min by PLC. Schisantherin A (Sth A) was confirmed as the most promising hepatoprotective drug in Schisandra sphenanthera due to high content in crude materials, high exposure level in vivo and high efficiency on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION The hepatoprotective ingredients of SLEs were systematically investigated based on the presently developed approach, and Sth A was identified as the optimum hepatoprotective candidate in Schisandra sphenanthera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Kang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuhao Shao
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhangpei Zhu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yin
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Boyu Shen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haofeng Li
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xinuo Li
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Shamagsumova RV, Yu. Efimova O, Gorbatchuk VV, Evtugyn VG, Stoikov II, Evtugyn GA. Electrochemical Acetylcholinesterase Biosensor Based on Polylactide–Nanosilver Composite for the Determination of Anti-dementia Drugs. ANAL LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2018.1557202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rezeda V. Shamagsumova
- Chemistry Institute named after A.M. Butlerov of Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Yu. Efimova
- Chemistry Institute named after A.M. Butlerov of Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | | | - Vladimir G. Evtugyn
- Interdisciplinary Center of Analytical Microscopy, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan I. Stoikov
- Chemistry Institute named after A.M. Butlerov of Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady A. Evtugyn
- Chemistry Institute named after A.M. Butlerov of Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
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Guo PC, Shen HD, Fang JJ, Ding TM, Ding XP, Liu JF. On-line high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with biochemical detection method for screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in green tea. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4281. [PMID: 29744906 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An on-line high-performance liquid chromatography-biochemical detection (HPLC-BCD) method, in which compounds separated by HPLC were on-line reacted with enzyme and substrate solutions delivered by flow injection and the enzyme inhibition signal was collected by UV detection, was developed to rapidly screen α-glucosidase inhibitors from green tea extracts in this study. The chromatographic fingerprints and enzyme inhibition profiles of the different brands of green tea could be simultaneously detected by the on-line HPLC-BCD method. Enzyme inhibition profiles were detected by the UV detector at 415 nm based on the reaction of α-glucosidase and p-nitrophenyl α-d-glucopyranoside (PNPG). PNPG (1.25 mm), α-glucosidase (0.4 U/mL) and the flow rate 0.07 mL/min were applied as optimized parameters to detect α-glucosidase inhibitors in green tea. Four components in green tea showed α-glucosidase inhibition action and three of them were identified as HHDP-galloyl glucose, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate by HPLC-fourier-transform mass spectrometry (HPLC-FTMS). Two brands of green tea derived from Mengding and Enshi mountainous areas might be superior to the other samples in the prevention and treatment of diabetes owing to their stronger activities of enzyme inhibitors. The proposed on-line HPLC-BCD method could be used to rapidly identify the potential enzyme inhibitors in complex matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua-Dan Shen
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | - Jun-Feng Liu
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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9
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Su J, Liu H, Guo K, Chen L, Yang M, Chen Q. Research Advances and Detection Methodologies for Microbe-Derived Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: A Systemic Review. Molecules 2017; 22:E176. [PMID: 28125001 PMCID: PMC6155930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are an attractive research subject owing to their potential applications in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Fungi and bacteria are major producers of AChEIs. Their active ingredients of fermentation products include alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and steroids. A variety of in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitor assays have been developed and used to measure the activity of acetylcholinesterases, including modified Ellman's method, thin layer chromatography bioautography, and the combined liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/modified Ellman's method. In this review, we provide an overview of the different detection methodologies, the microbe-derived AChEIs, and their producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Huiying Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Kai Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Long Chen
- Tumor Invasion Microecological Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Minhe Yang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
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Qualitative and quantitative two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography/high performance liquid chromatography/diode-array/electrospray-ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry of cholinesterase inhibitors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 129:155-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Multiple on-line HPLC coupled with biochemical detection methods to evaluate bioactive compounds in Danshen injection. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1854-1860. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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12
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Kaufmann CM, Grassmann J, Letzel T. HPLC method development for the online-coupling of chromatographic Perilla frutescens extract separation with xanthine oxidase enzymatic assay. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 124:347-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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De-qiang L, Zhao J, Wu D, Shao-ping L. Discovery of active components in herbs using chromatographic separation coupled with online bioassay. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1021:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Krappmann M, de Boer AR, Kool DRW, Irth H, Letzel T. Mass spectrometric real-time monitoring of an enzymatic phosphorylation assay using internal standards and data-handling freeware. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1019-1030. [PMID: 27003039 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Continuous-flow reaction detection systems (monitoring enzymatic reactions with mass spectrometry (MS)) lack quantitative values so far. Therefore, two independent internal standards (IS) are implemented in a way that the online system stability can be observed, quantitative conversion values for substrate and product can be obtained and they can be used as mass calibration standards for high MS accuracy. METHODS An application previously developed for the MS detection of peptide phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) (De Boer et al., Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2005, 381, 647-655) was transferred to a continuous-flow reaction detection system. This enzymatic reaction, involving enzyme activation as well as the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to a peptide substrate, was used to prove the compatibility of a quantitative enzymatic assay in a continuous-flow real-time system (connected to MS). RESULTS Moreover (using internal standards), the critical parameter reaction temperature (including solution density variations depending on temperature) was studied in the continuous-flow mixing system. Furthermore, two substrates (malantide and kemptide), two enzyme types (catalytic subunit of PKA and complete PKA) and one inhibitor were tested to determine system robustness and long-term availability. Even spraying solutions that contained significant amount of MS contaminants (e.g. the polluted catalytic subunit) resulted in quantifiable MS signal intensities. Subsequent recalculations using the internal standards led to results representing the power of this application. CONCLUSIONS The presented methodology and the data evaluation with available Achroma freeware enable the direct coupling of biochemical assays with quantitative MS detection. Monitoring changes such as temperature, reaction time, inhibition, or compound concentrations can be observed quantitatively and thus enzymatic activity can be calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Krappmann
- Zentrum für Forschung und Weiterbildung, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf - University of Applied Science, Am Staudengarten 7, D-85354, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Arjen R de Boer
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël R W Kool
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Irth
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Analytical Research Group, Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 8, D-85748, Garching, Germany
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15
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Ciesla L, Okine M, Rosenberg A, Dossou KSS, Toll L, Wainer IW, Moaddel R. Development and characterization of the α3β4α5 nicotinic receptor cellular membrane affinity chromatography column and its application for on line screening of plant extracts. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1431:138-144. [PMID: 26774122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The α3β4α5 nAChR has been recently shown to be a useful target for smoking cessation pharmacotherapies. Herein, we report on the development and characterization of the α3β4α5 nicotinic receptor column by frontal displacement chromatography. The binding affinity of the nicotine and minor alkaloids found in tobacco smoke condensates were determined for both the α3β4 and α3β4α5 nicotinic receptors. It was demonstrated that while no subtype selectivity was observed for nicotine and nornicotine, anabasine was selective for the α3β4α5 nicotinic receptor. The non-competitive inhibitor binding site was also studied and it was demonstrated while mecamylamine was not selective between subtypes, buproprion showed subtype selectivity for the α3β4 nicotinic receptor. The application of this methodology to complex mixtures was then carried out by screening aqueous-alcoholic solutions of targeted plant extracts, including Lycopodium clavatum L. (Lycopodiaceae) and Trigonella foenum graecum L. (Fabaceae) against both the α3β4 and α3β4α5 nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ciesla
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - M Okine
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - A Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - K S S Dossou
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - L Toll
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL 34990, United States
| | - I W Wainer
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - R Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
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Peng WB, Tan JL, Huang DD, Ding XP. On-Line HPLC with Biochemical Detection for Screening Bioactive Compounds in Complex Matrixes. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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A strategy for screening antioxidants in Ginkgo biloba extract by comprehensive two-dimensional ultra high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1422:147-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Burkhardt T, Kaufmann CM, Letzel T, Grassmann J. Enzymatic Assays Coupled with Mass Spectrometry with or without Embedded Liquid Chromatography. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1985-92. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Burkhardt
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Christine M. Kaufmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Johanna Grassmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
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Fu Q, Tang J, Cui M, Zheng Z, Liu Z, Liu S. Development of ESI-MS-based continuous enzymatic assay for real-time monitoring of enzymatic reactions of acetylcholinesterase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 990:169-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Liu W, Yang Y, Cheng X, Gong C, Li S, He D, Yang L, Wang Z, Wang C. Rapid and sensitive detection of the inhibitive activities of acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterases inhibitors by UPLC–ESI-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 94:215-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Kaufmann CM, Graßmann J, Treutter D, Letzel T. Utilization of real-time electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to gain further insight into the course of nucleotide degradation by intestinal alkaline phosphatase. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:869-878. [PMID: 24623690 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Related with its ability to degrade nucleotides, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iAP) is an important participant in intestinal pH regulation and inflammatory processes. However, its activity has been investigated mainly by using artificial non-nucleotide substrates to enable the utilization of conventional colorimetric methods. To capture the degradation of the physiological nucleotide substrate of the enzyme along with arising intermediates and the final product, the enzymatic assay was adapted to mass spectrometric detection. Therewith, the drawbacks associated with colorimetric methods could be overcome. METHODS Enzymatic activity was comparatively investigated with a conventional colorimetric malachite green method and a single quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source using the physiological nucleotide substrates ATP, ADP or AMP and three different pH-values in either methodological approach. By this means the enzymatic activity was assessed on the one hand by detecting the phosphate release spectrometrically at defined time points of enzymatic reaction or on the other by continuous monitoring with mass spectrometric detection. RESULTS Adaption of the enzymatic assay to mass spectrometric detection disclosed the entire course of all reaction components--substrate, intermediates and product--resulting from the degradation of substrate, thereby pointing out a stepwise removal of phosphate groups. By calculating enzymatic substrate conversion rates a distinctively slower degradation of AMP compared to ADP or ATP was revealed together with the finding of a substrate competition between ATP and ADP at alkaline pH. CONCLUSIONS The comparison of colorimetric and mass spectrometric methods to elucidate enzyme kinetics and specificity clearly underlines the advantages of mass spectrometric detection for the investigation of complex multi-component enzymatic assays. The entire course of enzymatic substrate degradation was revealed with different nucleotide substrates, thus allowing a specific monitoring of intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Kaufmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Acetylcholinesterase biosensors for electrochemical detection of organophosphorus compounds: a review. Biochem Res Int 2013; 2013:731501. [PMID: 24383001 PMCID: PMC3872028 DOI: 10.1155/2013/731501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponentially growing population, with limited resources, has exerted an intense pressure on the agriculture sector. In order to achieve high productivity the use of pesticide has increased up to many folds. These pesticides contain organophosphorus (OP) toxic compounds which interfere with the proper functioning of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and finally affect the central nervous system (CNS). So, there is a need for routine, continuous, on spot detection of OP compounds which are the main limitations associated with conventional analytical methods. AChE based enzymatic biosensors have been reported by researchers as the most promising tool for analysis of pesticide level to control toxicity and for environment conservation. The present review summarises AChE based biosensors by discussing their characteristic features in terms of fabrication, detection limit, linearity range, time of incubation, and storage stability. Use of nanoparticles in recently reported fabrication strategies has improved the efficiency of biosensors to a great extent making them more reliable and robust.
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Otvos RA, Heus F, Vonk FJ, Halff J, Bruyneel B, Paliukhovich I, Smit AB, Niessen WM, Kool J. Analytical workflow for rapid screening and purification of bioactives from venom proteomes. Toxicon 2013; 76:270-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhang Y, Xiao S, Sun L, Ge Z, Fang F, Zhang W, Wang Y, Cheng Y. Rapid screening of bioactive compounds from natural products by integrating 5-channel parallel chromatography coupled with on-line mass spectrometry and microplate based assays. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 777:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Brusotti G, Cesari I, Dentamaro A, Caccialanza G, Massolini G. Isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant resources: the role of analysis in the ethnopharmacological approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 87:218-28. [PMID: 23591140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical research based on ethnopharmacology is considered an effective approach in the discovery of novel chemicals entities with potential as drug leads. Plants/plant extracts/decoctions, used by folklore traditions for treating several diseases, represent a source of chemical entities but no information are available on their nature. Starting from this viewpoint, the aim of this review is to address natural-products chemists to the choice of the best methodologies, which include the combination of extraction/sample preparation tools and analytical techniques, for isolating and characterizing bioactive secondary metabolites from plants, as potential lead compounds in the drug discovery process. The work is distributed according to the different steps involved in the ethnopharmacological approach (extraction, sample preparation, biological screening, etc.), discussing the analytical techniques employed for the isolation and identification of compound/s responsible for the biological activity claimed in the traditional use (separation, spectroscopic, hyphenated techniques, etc.). Particular emphasis will be on herbal medicines applications and developments achieved from 2010 up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brusotti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Center for Studies and Researches in Ethnopharmacy (C.I.St.R.E.), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Potterat O, Hamburger M. Concepts and technologies for tracking bioactive compounds in natural product extracts: generation of libraries, and hyphenation of analytical processes with bioassays. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:546-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Su X, Zhang J, Guo Y, Zhang Q. Study of Effects of Cigarette Smoke Condensates on Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Human Lung Epithelial Cells by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.700467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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29
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Screening of new huprines—Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterases by electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 70:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Holas O, Musilek K, Pohanka M, Kuca K. The progress in the cholinesterase quantification methods. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:1207-23. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.729037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Development of on-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-biochemical detection methods as tools in the identification of bioactives. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3101-3133. [PMID: 22489144 PMCID: PMC3317705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical detection (BCD) methods are commonly used to screen plant extracts for specific biological activities in batch assays. Traditionally, bioactives in the most active extracts were identified through time-consuming bio-assay guided fractionation until single active compounds could be isolated. Not only are isolation procedures often tedious, but they could also lead to artifact formation. On-line coupling of BCD assays to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is gaining ground as a high resolution screening technique to overcome problems associated with pre-isolation by measuring the effects of compounds post-column directly after separation. To date, several on-line HPLC-BCD assays, applied to whole plant extracts and mixtures, have been published. In this review the focus will fall on enzyme-based, receptor-based and antioxidant assays.
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Microscale separation methods for enzyme kinetics assays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2185-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Li M, Hou XF, Zhang J, Wang SC, Fu Q, He LC. Applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. J Pharm Anal 2012; 1:81-91. [PMID: 29403684 PMCID: PMC5760786 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-1779(11)70015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used in clinical applications for thousands of years. The successful hyphenation of high-Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) has been applied widely in TCMs and biological samples analysis. Undoubtedly, HPLC/MS technique has facilitated the understanding of the treatment mechanism of TCMs. We reviewed more than 350 published papers within the last 5 years on HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. The present review focused on the applications of HPLC/MS in the component analysis, metabolites analysis, and pharmacokinetics of TCMs etc. 50% of the literature is related to the component analysis of TCMs, which show that this field is the most populär type of research. In the metabolites analysis, HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry has been demonstrated to be the powerful tool for the characterization of structural features and fragmentation behavior patterns. This paper presented a brief overview of the applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. HPLC/MS in the fingerprint analysis is reviewed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Hou
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Si-Cen Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lang-Chong He
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Wang B, Deng J, Gao Y, Zhu L, He R, Xu Y. The screening toolbox of bioactive substances from natural products: A review. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:1141-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Functional proteomics: application of mass spectrometry to the study of enzymology in complex mixtures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:625-45. [PMID: 21769551 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent developments in mass spectrometry-based applications dealing with functional proteomics with special emphasis on enzymology. The introduction of mass spectrometry into this research field has led to an enormous increase in knowledge in recent years. A major challenge is the identification of "biologically active substances" in complex mixtures. These biologically active substances are, on the one hand, potential regulators of enzymes. Elucidation of function and identity of those regulators may be accomplished by different strategies, which are discussed in this review. The most promising approach thereby seems to be the one-step procedure, because it enables identification of the functionality and identity of biologically active substances in parallel and thus avoids misinterpretation. On the other hand, besides the detection of regulators, the identification of endogenous substrates for known enzymes is an emerging research field, but in this case studies are quite rare. Moreover, the term biologically active substances may also encompass proteins with diverse biological functions. Elucidation of the functionality of those-so far unknown-proteins in complex mixtures is another branch of functional proteomics and those investigations will also be discussed in this review.
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Forsberg EM, Green JRA, Brennan JD. Continuous Flow Immobilized Enzyme Reactor–Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Screening of AChE Inhibitors in Complex Mixtures. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5230-6. [PMID: 21591743 DOI: 10.1021/ac200534t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Forsberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1
| | - James R. A. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1
| | - John D. Brennan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1
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37
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Marques LA, Maada I, de Kanter FJ, Lingeman H, Irth H, Niessen WM, Giera M. Stability-indicating study of the anti-Alzheimer's drug galantamine hydrobromide. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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38
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Eom MS, Kim SD, Yi SJ, Choi SK, Han MS. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticle Based-colorimetric Acetylcholinesterase Assay Method with High Signal/Noise Ratio in End-point Analysis. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.1.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Simultaneous Screening and Chemical Characterization of Bioactive Compounds Using LC-MS-Based Technologies (Affinity Chromatography). THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-18384-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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40
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Azevedo Marques L, Giera M, Lingeman H, Niessen WM. Analysis of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: bioanalysis, degradation and metabolism. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:278-99. [PMID: 21154892 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease. Its symptoms are attributed to a deficiency of cholinergic neurotransmission. The drugs of choice for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. Starting in the 1980's from non-specific AChE inhibitors, the first-generation drugs such as physostigmine, a second generation of more selective and better tolerated products has been developed. Methods to detect and quantify these drugs and their metabolites in biological samples have been developed for analysis in plasma, blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. Diverse detection techniques have been used, such as ultraviolet, fluorescence, electrochemical and mass spectrometry. In this review, the methods applied to the analysis of these drugs and their metabolites in different biological matrices are reviewed and discussed. The stability of these drugs in biological matrices and under stress-conditions is also included in the discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lygia Azevedo Marques
- VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, BioMolecular Analysis group, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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41
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Advances in mass spectrometry-based post-column bioaffinity profiling of mixtures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2655-68. [PMID: 21107824 PMCID: PMC3043236 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
In the screening of complex mixtures, for example combinatorial libraries, natural extracts, and metabolic incubations, different approaches are used for integrated bioaffinity screening. Four major strategies can be used for screening of bioactive mixtures for protein targets-pre-column and post-column off-line, at-line, and on-line strategies. The focus of this review is on recent developments in post-column on-line screening, and the role of mass spectrometry (MS) in these systems. On-line screening systems integrate separation sciences, mass spectrometry, and biochemical methodology, enabling screening for active compounds in complex mixtures. There are three main variants of on-line MS based bioassays: the mass spectrometer is used for ligand identification only; the mass spectrometer is used for both ligand identification and bioassay readout; or MS detection is conducted in parallel with at-line microfractionation with off-line bioaffinity analysis. On the basis of the different fields of application of on-line screening, the principles are explained and their usefulness in the different fields of drug research is critically evaluated. Furthermore, off-line screening is discussed briefly with the on-line and at-line approaches.
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Miao Y, He N, Zhu JJ. History and New Developments of Assays for Cholinesterase Activity and Inhibition. Chem Rev 2010; 110:5216-34. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900214c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Miao
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Nongyue He
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Chemical markers' fishing and knockout for holistic activity and interaction evaluation of the components in herbal medicines. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5239-45. [PMID: 20619417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A strategy based on chemical markers' fishing and knockout has been proposed for holistic activity and interaction evaluation of the bioactive components in herbal medicines (HMs). It was devised to screen bioactive-compound group that represents the efficacy of HM, estimate the bioactivity contribution of each component and elucidate the interactions of multi-components. This strategy was accomplished through the following steps: (1) screen out the chemical markers (target peaks) in a HM fingerprint using online two-dimensional turbulent flow chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique, (2) fish target peaks and knockout any interested peak, and (3) evaluate the bioactivities of fishing and knockout portions. After comparison of the bioactivities of samples containing different target peaks, the efficacy of target-peak group, bioactivity contribution of each compound, and the interactions of multi-components are elucidated. Using Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Bulbs of Lycoris radiata (L. Herit.) Herb. (BLR) as the experimental materials, four target peaks were screened out as the AChE binders. By target peaks' fishing and knockout, combined with activity evaluation, we observed that the bioactivity of the four-peak mixture is similar with the global bioactivity of BLR extract, and there are significant suppressive actions among these four target peaks. These results indicate that this proposed strategy is a useful approach for holistic screening of bioactive-compound group and elucidation of the multi-component interactions in HM.
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Giera M, de Vlieger JSB, Lingeman H, Irth H, Niessen WMA. Structural elucidation of biologically active neomycin N-octyl derivatives in a regioisomeric mixture by means of liquid chromatography/ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:1439-1446. [PMID: 20411583 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Structural elucidation of six regioisomers of mono-N-octyl derivatized neomycin is achieved using MS(n) (up to n = 4) on an ion trap time-of-flight (IT-TOF) instrument equipped with electrospray ionization. The mixture of six derivatized neomycin analogues was generated by reductive amination in a shotgun synthetic approach. In parallel to the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) detection, the antibacterial activity of the neomycin regioisomers was tested by post-column addition of buffer and bacterial inocula, subsequent microfractionation of the resulting mixture, incubation, and finally a chemiluminescence-based bioactivity measurement based on the production of bacterial ATP. The MS-based high-resolution screening approach described can be applied in medicinal chemistry to help in designing and producing new antibiotic substances, which is particularly challenging due to the high functionality of most antibiotic substances, therefore requiring advanced (hyphenated) separation and detection techniques for compound mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Giera
- BioMolecular Analysis Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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45
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de Vlieger JSB, Kolkman AJ, Ampt KAM, Commandeur JNM, Vermeulen NPE, Kool J, Wijmenga SS, Niessen WMA, Irth H, Honing M. Determination and identification of estrogenic compounds generated with biosynthetic enzymes using hyphenated screening assays, high resolution mass spectrometry and off-line NMR. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:667-74. [PMID: 20149764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 01/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the determination and identification of active and inactive estrogenic compounds produced by biosynthetic methods. A hyphenated screening assay towards the human estrogen receptor ligand binding domain (hER)alpha and hERbeta integrating target-ligand interactions and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was used. With this approach, information on both biologic activity and structure identity of compounds produced by bacterial mutants of cytochrome P450s was obtained in parallel. Initial structure identification was achieved by high resolution MS/MS, while for full structure determination, P450 incubations were scaled up and the produced entities were purified using preparative liquid chromatography with automated fraction collection. NMR spectroscopy was performed on all fractions for 3D structure analysis; this included 1D-(1)H, 2D-COSY, 2D-NOESY, and (1)H-(13)C-HSQC experiments. This multidimensional screening approach enabled the detection of low abundant biotransformation products which were not suitable for detection in either one of its single components. In total, the analytical scale biosynthesis produced over 85 compounds from 6 different starting templates. Inter- and intra-day variation of the biochemical signals in the dual receptor affinity detection system was less than 5%. The multi-target screening approach combined with full structure characterization based on high resolution MS(/MS) and NMR spectroscopy demonstrated in this paper can generally be applied to e.g. metabolism studies and compound-library screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon S B de Vlieger
- LACDR/Division of Biomolecular Analysis, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Photohuperzine A-A new photoisomer of huperzine A: structure elucidation, formation kinetics and activity assessment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 52:190-4. [PMID: 20133099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new photoisomer of the promising "anti-Alzheimer" drug candidate (+/-) huperzine A is described. The new substance was formed via a photoisomerization reaction and was found to be 1-amino-13-ethylidene-11-methyl-6-aza-tetracyclo-[7.3.1.0(2.7).0(4.7)]-trideca-2,10-diene-5-one using NMR analysis. The kinetics of its formation was studied and proven to be of first-order. The described photoisomer showed a significant loss in activity, being more than 100 times less active than (-) huperzine A itself. The new substance was named photohuperzine A, referring to its photopyridone substructure.
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Schuchert-Shi A, Hauser PC. Study of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors using CE with contactless conductivity detection. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:3442-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Eu Vian Tan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QT, U.K
| | - Christopher R. Lowe
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QT, U.K
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Coupling HPLC to on-line, post-column (bio)chemical assays for high-resolution screening of bioactive compounds from complex mixtures. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Martín-Biosca Y, Asensi-Bernardi L, Villanueva-Camañas RM, Sagrado S, Medina-Hernández MJ. Screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by CE after enzymatic reaction at capillary inlet. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1748-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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