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Boulesteix D, Buch A, Williams AJ, He Y, Freissinet C, Trainer MG, Stern JC, Szopa C. Comparison of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH), and trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide (TMPAH) thermochemolysis for in situ space analysis of organic molecules in planetary environments. Talanta 2023; 257:124283. [PMID: 36870123 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
One of the main objectives of present and future space exploration missions dedicated to astrobiology is the detection of organic molecules of interest for life (e.g. amino and fatty acids). With this aim, a sample preparation and a gas chromatograph (connected to a mass spectrometer) are generally used. To date, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) has been the first and only thermochemolysis reagent to be used for in situ sample preparation and chemical analysis of planetary environments. Although TMAH is widely used in terrestrial laboratories, numerous applications also leverage other thermochemolysis reagents that may be more relevant than TMAH to meet both scientific and technical objectives of space instrumentation. The present study compares the performance of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH), and trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide (TMPAH) reagents on molecules of interest to astrobiology. The study focuses on the analyses of 13 carboxylic acids (C7-C30), 17 proteinic amino acids, and the 5 nucleobases. Here we report the derivatization yield without stirring or adding solvents, the detection sensitivity with mass spectrometry, and the nature of the degradation products from the reagents produced during pyrolysis. We conclude that TMSH and TMAH are the best reagents for analyzing carboxylic acids and nucleobases. Amino acids are not relevant targets for a thermochemolysis over 300 °C as they are degraded and showed high limits of detection. As TMAH, and probably TMSH, meet the space instrumentation requirements, this study informs sample treatment approaches prior to GC-MS analysis in in situ space studies. The thermochemolysis reaction using TMAH or TMSH is also recommended for space return missions to extract organics from a macromolecular matrix, derivatize polar or refractory organic targets, and volatilize with the fewest organic degradations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Boulesteix
- Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, CentraleSupélec, University Paris-Saclay, 8-10 Rue Joliot-Curie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - A Buch
- Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, CentraleSupélec, University Paris-Saclay, 8-10 Rue Joliot-Curie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - A J Williams
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Y He
- Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, CentraleSupélec, University Paris-Saclay, 8-10 Rue Joliot-Curie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Freissinet
- LATMOS/IPSL, UVSQ University Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne University, CNRS, 11 Bd d'Alembert, 78280, Guyancourt, France
| | - M G Trainer
- Space Science Exploration Division (Code 690), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - J C Stern
- Space Science Exploration Division (Code 690), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - C Szopa
- LATMOS/IPSL, UVSQ University Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne University, CNRS, 11 Bd d'Alembert, 78280, Guyancourt, France
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Yamuna A, Karikalan N, Na JH, Lee TY. Lanthanum tin oxide-modified sensor electrode for the rapid detection of environmentally hazardous insecticide carbaryl in soil, water, and vegetable samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129415. [PMID: 35752051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing population and global food demands have encouraged the use of pesticides to increase agricultural yields; however, the irrational use of pesticides threatens human health and the environment. Carbaryl (CRBL) is the most widespread insecticide and severely affects soil, water systems, and human health. Thus, it is crucial to monitor CRBL residues in the environment and vegetable samples. This study reports the rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of CRBL based on a pyrochlore-type lanthanum tin oxide (LSO) nanoparticles (NPs)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). A low-temperature hydrothermal method was employed to prepare the LSO NPs. The structural properties of the LSO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The LSO NPs/SPCE demonstrated good electroanalytical performance for CRBL detection, with a low detection limit of 0.4 nM (0.08 µg/L) and a sensitivity of 1.05 µA/(µM cm2). Furthermore, the LSO NPs/SPCE exhibited high selectivity among highly interfering carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides, which share similar mechanisms of action. Additionally, the LSO NPs/SPCE sensor achieved > 90% recovery for the detection of CRBL in soil, water, and vegetable samples, thus verifying its suitability for the rapid detection of CRBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamalai Yamuna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Natarajan Karikalan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Na
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea; Department of Technology Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
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A fluorescence and phosphorescence dual-signal readout platform based on carbon dots/SiO2 for multi-channel detections of carbaryl, thiram and chlorpyrifos. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Martins FCOL, Batista AD, Melchert WR. Current overview and perspectives in environmentally friendly microextractions of carbamates and dithiocarbamates. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:6116-6145. [PMID: 34564942 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbamates and dithiocarbamates are two classes of pesticides widely employed in the agriculture practice to control and avoid pests and weeds, hence, the monitoring of the residue of those pesticides in different foodstuff samples is important. Thus, this review presents the classification, chemical structure, use, and toxicology of them. Moreover, it was shown the evolution of liquid- and solid-phase microextractions employed in the extraction of carbamates and dithiocarbamates in water and foodstuff samples. The classification, operation mode, and application of the microextractions of liquid-phase and solid-phase used in their extraction were discussed and related to the analytical parameters and guidelines of green analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex D Batista
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Wanessa R Melchert
- College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Malhotra H, Kaur S, Phale PS. Conserved Metabolic and Evolutionary Themes in Microbial Degradation of Carbamate Pesticides. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:648868. [PMID: 34305823 PMCID: PMC8292978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.648868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbamate pesticides are widely used as insecticides, nematicides, acaricides, herbicides and fungicides in the agriculture, food and public health sector. However, only a minor fraction of the applied quantity reaches the target organisms. The majority of it persists in the environment, impacting the non-target biota, leading to ecological disturbance. The toxicity of these compounds to biota is mediated through cholinergic and non-cholinergic routes, thereby making their clean-up cardinal. Microbes, specifically bacteria, have adapted to the presence of these compounds by evolving degradation pathways and thus play a major role in their removal from the biosphere. Over the past few decades, various genetic, metabolic and biochemical analyses exploring carbamate degradation in bacteria have revealed certain conserved themes in metabolic pathways like the enzymatic hydrolysis of the carbamate ester or amide linkage, funnelling of aryl carbamates into respective dihydroxy aromatic intermediates, C1 metabolism and nitrogen assimilation. Further, genomic and functional analyses have provided insights on mechanisms like horizontal gene transfer and enzyme promiscuity, which drive the evolution of degradation phenotype. Compartmentalisation of metabolic pathway enzymes serves as an additional strategy that further aids in optimising the degradation efficiency. This review highlights and discusses the conclusions drawn from various analyses over the past few decades; and provides a comprehensive view of the environmental fate, toxicity, metabolic routes, related genes and enzymes as well as evolutionary mechanisms associated with the degradation of widely employed carbamate pesticides. Additionally, various strategies like application of consortia for efficient degradation, metabolic engineering and adaptive laboratory evolution, which aid in improvising remediation efficiency and overcoming the challenges associated with in situ bioremediation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Malhotra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Sukhjeet Kaur
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant S Phale
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Wang S, Zhao Q, Li J. Fast Determination of Carbamates in Environmental Water Based on Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Adsorbent. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:584-595. [PMID: 33677500 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were prepared with isoprocarb as template molecule and applied to extraction of carbamates pesticides in different water samples. This method based on magnetic solid-phase extraction (SPE) avoided the time-consuming column-passing process of loading large volume samples in conventional SPE. In the study, only 0.1 g MMIPs could be used to obtain satisfactory recoveries, due to the high-surface area and excellent adsorption capacity of these nano-magnetic adsorbents. Owing to the excellent selectivity of MMIPs, in high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, the matrix effects of this technique were obviously lower than the conventional SPE method. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limits of carbamates were in the range of 2.7-11.7 ng L-1. The relative standard deviations of intra-day and inter-day were 2.5-7.4% and 3.6-8.4%, respectively. At all the spiked level, the recoveries of four analyzed carbamates in environmental water samples were in the range of 74.2-94.2%. The significant positive results were achieved in the proposed method for the determination of four carbamates in water samples from different lakes and rivers. In the three samples we tested, the carbaryl was found in the lake water obtained from Yitong River, and the content was 2.4 ng L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimiao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P.R. China
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Jagirani MS, Ozalp O, Soylak M. New Trend in the Extraction of Pesticides from the Environmental and Food Samples Applying Microextraction Based Green Chemistry Scenario: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 52:1343-1369. [PMID: 33560139 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1874867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review focused on the green microextraction methods used for the extraction of pesticides from the environmental and food samples. Microextraction techniques have been explored and applied in various fields of analytical chemistry since its beginning, as evinced by the numerous reviews published. The success of any technique in science and technology is measured by the simplicity, environmentally friendly, and its applications; and the microextraction technique is highly successive. Deliberations were attentive to studies where efforts have been made to validate the methods through the inter-laboratory comparison study to assess the analytical performance of microextraction techniques against conventional methods. Succinctly, developed microextraction methods are shown to impart significant benefits over conventional techniques. Provided that the analytical community continues to put forward attention and resources into the growth and validation of the microextraction technique, a promising future for microextraction is forecasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqaf Jagirani
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Ozgur Ozalp
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.,Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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8
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Shahdost-fard F, Fahimi-Kashani N, Hormozi-nezhad M. A ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobe using CdTe QDs for fast detection of carbaryl insecticide in apple. Talanta 2021; 221:121467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Ahn S, Lee JY, Kim B. Accurate Determination of Carbaryl, Carbofuran and Carbendazim in Vegetables by Isotope Dilution Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-020-03976-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Elevated Temperature Homogeneous Liquid Phase Extraction Coupled to Ionic Liquid–Based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Application of Water-Miscible Ionic Liquids as Extraction Solvent in Determination of Carbamate Pesticides. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01742-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Abstract
It is not a simple task to develop techniques for analyzing tricyclic quaternary ammonium alkaloids (TCQAAs) because of the relative polarity and alkalinity of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Pharmacy College
- Jouf University
- Aljouf
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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12
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Preparation of a disposable and low-cost electrochemical sensor for propham detection based on over-oxidized poly(thiophene) modified pencil graphite electrode. Talanta 2018; 187:125-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Simultaneous quantification of methiocarb and its metabolites, methiocarb sulfoxide and methiocarb sulfone, in five food products of animal origin using tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1060:387-394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Raina-Fulton R, Dunn N, Xie Z. Pesticides and Their Degradation Products Including Metabolites: Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Methods. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2017. [DOI: 10.5772/68074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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15
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Alsharif AMA, Tan GH, Choo YM, Lawal A. Efficiency of Hollow Fiber Liquid-Phase Microextraction Chromatography Methods in the Separation of Organic Compounds: A Review. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 55:378-391. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohamed Ali Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Arab Centre for Desertification and Development of Saharian Societies, Murzuk, Libya
| | - Guan-Huat Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abubakar Lawal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University Katsina, Nigeria
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16
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Ionic liquid polymer functionalized carbon nanotubes-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for highly-efficient solid-phase microextraction of carbamate pesticides. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:42-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Farajzadeh MA, Bamorowat M, Afshar Mogaddam MR. Development of a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method based on solidification of a floating ionic liquid for extraction of carbamate pesticides from fruit juice and vegetable samples. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20103b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a new sample preparation method based on solidification of an ionic liquid after performing dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction has been developed for the extraction and preconcentration of four carbamate pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Tabriz
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Mahdi Bamorowat
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Tabriz
- Tabriz
- Iran
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Naing NN, Li SFY, Lee HK. Graphene oxide-based dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with in situ derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of acidic pharmaceuticals in water. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1426:69-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Zhang C, Cui H, Cai J, Duan Y, Liu Y. Development of Fluorescence Sensing Material Based on CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots and Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Detection of Carbaryl in Rice and Chinese Cabbage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:4966-4972. [PMID: 25946094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescence sensing material based on quantum dots with excellent optical properties and molecularly imprinted polymer (QDs@MIP) with specific recognition has been developed. First the surface of CdSe/ZnS QDs was modified with ionic liquids (ILs) by electrostatic interaction. The fluorescence sensing material was constructed from anchoring the MIP layer on IL modified CdSe/ZnS QDs by copolymerization, which had been developed for the detection of carbaryl in rice and Chinese cabbage. The MIP fluorescence was more strongly quenched by carbaryl than the non-imprinted polymer (NIP) fluorescence, which indicated that the QDs@MIP could selectively recognize the corresponding carbaryl. Furthermore, the developed QDs@MIP method was validated by HPLC and ELISA respectively, and the results of these methods were well correlated (R(2) = 0.98). The fluorescence sensing material had obvious advantages, such as being easily prepared and having specific recognition and photostability. The developed method was simple and effective for the detection of carbaryl. And, it could also provide the technical support for the rapid detection in food safety fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuan Liu
- ‡Zhenjiang Institute for Drug Control, Zhenjiang, 212000, P. R. China
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Khodadoust S, Talebianpoor MS, Ghaedi M. Application of an optimized dispersive nanomaterial ultrasound-assisted microextraction method for preconcentration of carbofuran and propoxur and their determination by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3117-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Khodadoust
- Medicinal plants Research Center; Yasuj University of Medical Science; Yasuj Iran
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21
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Zhang C, Cai J, Duan Y, Xu L, Fang G, Wang S. Synthesis, characterization and application of organic-inorganic hybrid and carbaryl-imprinted capillary monolithic column. Chem Res Chin Univ 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-014-3420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Yang T, Ma C, Chen H, Zhang Y, Dang X, Huang J. A molecularly imprinted organic-inorganic hybrid monolithic column for the selective extraction and HPLC determination of isoprocarb residues in rice. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:587-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
| | - Chao Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
| | - Huaixia Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
| | - Xueping Dang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
| | - Jianlin Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hubei University; Wuhan China
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23
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24
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Applications of microextraction techniques in environmental analysis. Se Pu 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2010.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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25
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Trace level determinations of carbamate pesticides in surface water by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry after derivatization with 9-xanthydrol. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1305:328-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Sun H, Wang Y. Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction with in situ derivatization combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of root exudate phenylamine compounds in hot pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5494-5499. [PMID: 23706116 DOI: 10.1021/jf4003973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) with derivatization was developed for the determination of three root exudate phenylamine compounds in hot pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The performance and applicability of the proposed procedure were evaluated through the extraction of 1-naphthylamine (1-NA), diphenylamine (DPA), and N-phenyl-2- naphthaleneamine (N-P-2-NA) in a recirculating hydroponic solution of hot pepper. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated. The calibration curves showed a good linearity in the range of 0.1-10 μg mL(-1). The limits of detection (S/N = 3) for the three compounds were 0.096, 0.074, and 0.057 μg mL(-1), respectively. The enrichment factors reached 174, 196, and 230 at the concentration of 5 μg mL(-1), and relative standard deviations (RSD) of 9.5, 8.6, and 7.8% and 8.4, 7.6, and 6.2% were obtained at concentrations of 2 and 5 μg mL(-1) for 1-NA, DPA, and N-P-2-NA, respectively. Recoveries ranging from 90.2 to 96.1% and RSDs below 9.1% were obtained when HF-LPME with in situ derivatization was applied to determine root exudate 1-NA, DPA, and N-P-2-NA after 15 and 30 days of culture solution, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Sun
- Science Research Centre, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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27
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Solid phase analytical derivatization as a sample preparation method. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1296:204-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Wang Q, Ma L, Yin CR, Xu L. Developments in injection port derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1296:25-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Lin H, Wang J, Zeng L, Li G, Sha Y, Wu D, Liu B. Development of solvent micro-extraction combined with derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1296:235-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Delgado-Povedano M, Luque de Castro M. Ultrasound-assisted analytical emulsification-extraction. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Sun M, Ma X, Wang J, Wang W, Wu Q, Wang C, Wang Z. Graphene grafted silica-coated Fe3O4nanocomposite as absorbent for enrichment of carbamates from cucumbers and pears prior to HPLC. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1478-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Xiaoxing Ma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Juntao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei; Baoding; China
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32
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Plácido A, Paíga P, Lopes DH, Correia M, Delerue-Matos C. Determination of methiocarb and its degradation products, methiocarb sulfoxide and methiocarb sulfone, in bananas using QuEChERS extraction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:325-331. [PMID: 23252625 DOI: 10.1021/jf304027s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes the development of an analytical method for the determination of methiocarb and its degradation products (methiocarb sulfoxide and methiocarb sulfone) in banana samples, using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) procedure followed by liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector (LC-PAD). Calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.5-10 mg L⁻¹ for all compounds studied. The average recoveries, measured at 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ wet weight, were 92.0 (RSD = 1.8%, n = 3), 84.0 (RSD = 3.9%, n = 3), and 95.2% (RSD = 1.9%, n = 3) for methiocarb sulfoxide, methiocarb sulfone, and methiocarb, respectively. Banana samples treated with methiocarb were collected from an experimental field. The developed method was applied to the analysis of 24 samples (peel and pulp) and to 5 banana pulp samples. Generally, the highest levels were found for methiocarb sulfoxide and methiocarb. Methiocarb sulfone levels were below the limit of quantification, except in one sample (not detected).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Plácido
- REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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33
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Injection Port Derivatization for GC/MS–MS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62623-3.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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34
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Lin CH, Ponnusamy VK, Li HP, Jen JF. Fast Analysis of Synthetic Pyrethroid Metabolites in Water Samples Using In-Syringe Derivatization Coupled Hollow Fiber Mediated Liquid Phase Microextraction with GC-ECD. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Abdulra'uf LB, Sirhan AY, Huat Tan G. Recent developments and applications of liquid phase microextraction in fruits and vegetables analysis. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3540-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ala’ Yahya Sirhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya; Lembah Pantai; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Guan Huat Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya; Lembah Pantai; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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36
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Zhou S, Wu B, Ma C, Ye Y, Chen H. SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION FOLLOWED BY DISPERSIVE LIQUID–LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION FOR THE SENSITIVE DETERMINATION OF CARBAMATES IN ENVIRONMENTAL WATER BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.639117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhou
- a Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan , China
| | - Bo Wu
- a Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan , China
| | - Chao Ma
- a Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan , China
| | - Yong Ye
- a Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan , China
| | - Huaixia Chen
- a Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan , China
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37
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Li S, Gao P, Zhang J, Li Y, Peng B, Gao H, Zhou W. Sequential dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in water. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3389-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songqing Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Yubo Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Bing Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
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38
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Nam JW, Lee KJ, Myung SW. Simultaneous Analysis of Pesticides in Aqueous Sample by HF-LPME. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2012.56.5.583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Santaladchaiyakit Y, Srijaranai S, Burakham R. Methodological aspects of sample preparation for the determination of carbamate residues: A review. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2373-89. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanawath Santaladchaiyakit
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Rajamangala University of Technology Isan; KhonKaen Thailand
| | - Supalax Srijaranai
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science, KhonKaen University; KhonKaen Thailand
| | - Rodjana Burakham
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Faculty of Science, KhonKaen University; KhonKaen Thailand
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40
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Cavaliere B, Monteleone M, Naccarato A, Sindona G, Tagarelli A. A solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic approach combined with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for the assay of carbamate pesticides in water samples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1257:149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Ionic liquid magnetic bar microextraction and HPLC determination of carbamate pesticides in real water samples. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Wang S, Xiang B, Tang Q. Trace determination of dichlorvos in environmental samples by room temperature ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-phase microextraction combined with HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:702-8. [PMID: 22618021 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) as extraction solvent, tetrahydrofuran (THF) as disperser solvent, the organophosphorus pesticide dichlorvos in water was determined by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Factors affecting RTIL-DLLME (type of disperser solvent, amount of RTIL, volume of disperser solvent, percentage of NaCl and volume and pH of water sample) were optimized by the single-factor method, obtaining the most favorable results when using 65 µL of [BMIM][PF6] and 260 µL of THF to extract the compound from an 8-mL water sample at pH 5.0 containing 25% (w/v) of NaCl. Under these optimum conditions, an enrichment factor of 215-fold was obtained. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 2-1,000 µg/L. The limit of detection calculated at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 0.2 µg/L. The relative standard deviations (RSD) for six replicate experiments at 20, 100 and 200 µg/L concentration levels were 1.8%, 1.3% and 1.3 %, respectively. Then the proposed method was applied to the analysis of three different water sample sources (tap, farm and rain water) and the relative recoveries and RSD of spiked water samples were 95.6-102.4% and 0.6-3.1%, respectively, at three different concentration levels of 20, 100 and 200 µg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhui Wang
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009 Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Zhou C, Tong S, Chang Y, Jia Q, Zhou W. Ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with back-extraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis to determine phenolic compounds. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1331-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Yang Z, Liu Y, Liu D, Zhou Z. Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in soil by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:15-20. [PMID: 22291051 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmr011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a rapid and sensitive sample pretreatment technique for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in soil samples is developed by using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with gas chromatography-flame photometric detection. Experimental conditions, including the kind of extraction and disperser solvent and their volumes, the extraction time, and the salt addition, are investigated, and the following experiment factors are used: 20 µL chlorobenzene as the extraction solvent; 1.0 mL acetonitrile as the disperser solvent; no addition of salt; and an extraction time of 1 min. Under the optimum conditions, the linearities for the three target OPPs (ethoprophos, chlorpyriphos, and profenofos) are obtained by five points in the concentration range of 2.5-1500 µg/kg, and three replicates are used for each point. Correlation coefficients vary from 0.9987 to 0.9997. The repeatability is tested by spiking soil samples at a concentration level of 5.0 µg/kg. The relative standard deviation (n = 3) varied between 2.0% and 6.6%. The limits of detection, based on a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3, range from 200 to 500 pg/g. This method is applied to the analysis of the spiked samples S1, S2, and S3, which are collected from the China Agriculture University's orchard, lawn, and garden, respectively. The recoveries for each target analyte are in the range between 87.9% and 108.0%, 87.4% and 108.0%, and 86.7% and 107.2%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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45
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Guo L, Lee HK. Low-density solvent based ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction and on-column derivatization combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of carbamate pesticides in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1235:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Developments in hollow fiber based liquid-phase microextraction: principles and applications. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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47
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Thunig J, Flø L, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Hansen SH, Janfelt C. Liquid-phase microextraction and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for identification and quantification of basic drugs in human urine. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:133-40. [PMID: 22173801 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hollow fibre liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) were evaluated for the identification and quantification of basic drugs in human urine samples. The selective extraction capabilities of three-phase LPME provided a significant reduction in the matrix effects otherwise observed in direct DESI-MS analysis of urine samples. Aqueous LPME extracts (in 10 mM HCl) were deposited on porous Teflon, dried at room temperature, and the dried spots were then analyzed directly with DESI-MS in full scan mode. Pethidine, diphenhydramine, nortriptyline, and methadone were used as model compounds for identification, and their limits of identification were determined to be 100, 25, 100, and 30 ng/mL, respectively. In a reliability test with 19 spiked urine samples, 100% of the positive samples containing the model drugs in concentrations at or above the limit of identification were identified. Diphenhydramine was used as a model compound for quantitative analysis with diphenhydramine-d(5) as an internal standard. The calibration curve was linear in the range 50-2000 ng/mL (R(2) = 0.992) with a limit of quantification at approximately 140 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were <9.5%. In a reliability test with six spiked urine samples, deviations between the measured and the true values for diphenhydramine were in the range 0.2-22.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Thunig
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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48
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Wang X, Cheng J, Wang X, Wu M, Cheng M. Development of an improved single-drop microextraction method and its application for the analysis of carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides in water samples. Analyst 2012; 137:5339-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35623f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Farajzadeh MA, Khoshmaram L, Mogaddam MRA. Combination of solid-phase extraction-hollow fiber for ultra-preconcentration of some triazole pesticides followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. J Sep Sci 2011; 35:121-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Sensitive determination of carbamates in fruit and vegetables by a combination of solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction prior to HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-011-0735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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