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Cheng S, Wang S, Zheng M, Jin Y, Li J, Zhang M, Li XL, Min JZ. Simultaneous analysis of natural and artificial sweeteners in sugar-free drinks and urine samples by column-switching UHPLC-charged aerosol detection method. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1713:464533. [PMID: 38041977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Sweeteners are considered an alternative to high-calorie foods or drinks and have been widely used globally. However, the simultaneous separation and detection of high-polarity natural and artificial sweeteners are challenging owing to their broad-spectrum physical and chemical properties. Herein, we developed a column-switching UHPLCCAD method and used it for detecting and quantitating 12 sweeteners, including natural sweeteners (erythritol, mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and stevioside) and artificial sweeteners (acesulfame potassium, saccharin sodium salt, sodium cyclamate, sucralose, aspartame, alitame and neotame). The LOD and LOQ were 0.932-6.25 μg/mL and 3.10-20.83 μg/mL, respectively, and the method demonstrated excellent linearity (R² ≥ 0.9990), good precision (intraday and interday precision was 0.59-6.88 %), and high recovery (average recoveries were 85.16-108.64 %). This method was applied to determine the sweeteners in 15 sugar-free drinks purchased from the local Chinese supermarkets. What's more, natural sweetener erythritol and artificial sweetener acesulfame potassium were suspected over addition in sugar-free drinks. Meanwhile the method was applied to the sweeteners in various sugar-free drinks and the dynamic monitoring of transit and excretion in vivo after drinking. Those prove that the method can be used to the detection of sugar free drinks and quality control of the sweeteners. The study highlights the potential of UHPLC-charged aerosol detection technology in detection of multiple components in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Songze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingshan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yueying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xi-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun Zhe Min
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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Jing J, He S, Yang J, Yang R, Lin Y, Zheng C. Rapid and sensitive quantification of cyclamate in beverages by miniature microplasma optical emission spectrometry. Food Chem 2023; 406:135077. [PMID: 36462350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Most of the available methods for the quantification of cyclamate depend on laboratory instruments and their application in the field was limited. Herein, a simple and sensitive method was developed for the determination of cyclamate in beverage samples based on chemical vapor generation and miniature point discharge optical emission spectrometry (μPD-OES). The combination of headspace sampling and μPD-OES not only simplifies the separation process of cyclamate, improves sensitivity, and alleviates matrix interference but also eliminates the use of a bulky and expensive instrument. Under the optimal conditions, this method provided a limit of detection of 0.1 mg L-1 comparable to or better than most reported methods. The method eventually was applied to 14 different beverages and cyclamate was found below the threshold set by Chinese Standards for Food Additives. The proposed method provides great potential for the field analysis of cyclamate in the supervision of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jing
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Siyu He
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Rui Yang
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Yao Lin
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Chengbin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
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3
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Huang J, Tan X, Ran S, Tao Y, Wu R, Li C, Chen Y, Pan W. Host–guest sensing towards sodium cyclamate based on a cationic pillar[6]arene reduced graphene nano-composite. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01601j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A competitive fluorescence sensing for the detection of sodium cyclamate based on a cationic water-soluble pillar[6]arene graphene nano-composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncao Huang
- Chongqing Preschool Education College, Chongqing 404047, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- Chongqing Preschool Education College, Chongqing 404047, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Shuqin Ran
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Chaofan Li
- Chongqing Preschool Education College, Chongqing 404047, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Wen Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
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4
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Analytical Methods for Determination of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners in Foodstuffs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113135. [PMID: 34073913 PMCID: PMC8197393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweeteners have been used in food for centuries to increase both taste and appearance. However, the consumption of sweeteners, mainly sugars, has an adverse effect on human health when consumed in excessive doses for a certain period, including alteration in gut microbiota, obesity, and diabetes. Therefore, the application of non-nutritive sweeteners in foodstuffs has risen dramatically in the last decade to substitute sugars. These sweeteners are commonly recognized as high-intensity sweeteners because, in a lower amount, they could achieve the same sweetness of sugar. Regulatory authorities and supervisory agencies around the globe have established the maximum amount of these high-intensity sweeteners used in food products. While the regulation is getting tighter on the market to ensure food safety, reliable analytical methods are required to assist the surveillance in monitoring the use of high-intensity sweeteners. Hence, it is also necessary to comprehend the most appropriate method for rapid and effective analyses applied for quality control in food industries, surveillance and monitoring on the market, etc. Apart from various analytical methods discussed here, extraction techniques, as an essential step of sample preparation, are also highlighted. The proper procedure, efficiency, and the use of solvents are discussed in this review to assist in selecting a suitable extraction method for a food matrix. Single- and multianalyte analyses of sweeteners are also described, employing various regular techniques, such as HPLC, and advanced techniques. Furthermore, to support on-site surveillance of sweeteners’ usage in food products on the market, non-destructive analytical methods that provide practical, fast, and relatively low-cost analysis are widely implemented.
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Stefan‐van Staden R, Moscalu‐Lungu A, Staden JF. Pattern Recognition of Sweeteners in Biological Fluids, Beverages, and Ketchup using Stochastic Sensors. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raluca‐Ioana Stefan‐van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB BucharestNational Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Bucharest 060021 Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material SciencePolitehnica University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Alexandrina Moscalu‐Lungu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB BucharestNational Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Bucharest 060021 Romania
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material SciencePolitehnica University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
| | - Jacobus Frederick Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB BucharestNational Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter Bucharest 060021 Romania
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Mahalapbutr P, Darai N, Panman W, Opasmahakul A, Kungwan N, Hannongbua S, Rungrotmongkol T. Atomistic mechanisms underlying the activation of the G protein-coupled sweet receptor heterodimer by sugar alcohol recognition. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10205. [PMID: 31308429 PMCID: PMC6629994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The human T1R2-T1R3 sweet taste receptor (STR) plays an important role in recognizing various low-molecular-weight sweet-tasting sugars and proteins, resulting in the release of intracellular heterotrimeric G protein that in turn leads to the sweet taste perception. Xylitol and sorbitol, which are naturally occurring sugar alcohols (polyols) found in many fruits and vegetables, exhibit the potential caries-reducing effect and are widely used for diabetic patients as low-calorie sweeteners. In the present study, computational tools were applied to investigate the structural details of binary complexes formed between these two polyols and the T1R2-T1R3 heterodimeric STR. Principal component analysis revealed that the Venus flytrap domain (VFD) of T1R2 monomer was adapted by the induced-fit mechanism to accommodate the focused polyols, in which α-helical residues 233-268 moved significantly closer to stabilize ligands. This finding likely suggested that these structural transformations might be the important mechanisms underlying polyols-STR recognitions. The calculated free energies also supported the VFD of T1R2 monomer as the preferential binding site for such polyols, rather than T1R3 region, in accord with the lower number of accessible water molecules in the T1R2 pocket. The E302 amino acid residue in T1R2 was found to be the important recognition residue for polyols binding through a strongly formed hydrogen bond. Additionally, the binding affinity of xylitol toward the T1R2 monomer was significantly higher than that of sorbitol, making it a sweeter tasting molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nitchakan Darai
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Panman
- Multidisciplinary Program of Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Aunchan Opasmahakul
- Computational Chemistry Center of Excellent, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Supot Hannongbua
- Computational Chemistry Center of Excellent, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Ph.D. Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Molecular Sensory Science Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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7
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Xia S, Yin D, Chen Y, Yang Z, Miao Y, Zhang W, Chen S, Zhao W, Zhang S. Simultaneous determination of three sulfanilamide artificial sweeteners in foodstuffs by capillary electrophoresis coupled with contactless conductivity detection based on porous aromatic frameworks enhanced solid phase extraction. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a simple and easy method of solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) is evaluated as a novel approach for the simultaneous determination of acesulfame-K (ACE), sodium saccharin (SAC), and sodium cyclamate (CYC) in foodstuffs without derivatization. To reduce the complex matrix interference resulting from the constituents of samples and enriched targets, porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) enhanced SPE, a suitable sample pretreatment procedure, was introduced. Several factors affecting extraction efficiency and electrophoretic separation were investigated. Additionally, the interaction mechanisms between the host (PAF-6) and guests (ACE, SAC, and CYC) were studied. Under the optimum conditions, three sulfanilamide artificial sweeteners were baseline separated within 8 min, exhibiting a linear calibration over two orders of magnitude (R2 > 0.995). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were considered better than those usually obtained by CE with ultraviolet and C4D detection. The proposed SPE–CE–C4D method has been successfully applied to analyse beverage samples and candied fruits with recoveries in the range of 78.89%–92.00%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaige Xia
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dan Yin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhicong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Miao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Center for Advanced Analysis and Computational Science, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- Center for Advanced Analysis and Computational Science, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Kexue Road 100, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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8
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Li J, Liu Y, Liu Q, Hui J, Liu Y. On-cartridge derivatisation using matrix solid phase dispersion for the determination of cyclamate in foods. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 972:46-53. [PMID: 28495095 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for determination of sodium cyclamate in foods was developed. In this method, a syringe was loaded with the homogeneous mixture of the sample, KMnO4 powder and silica dispersant and used as a matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) reactor. As the reactor was infiltrated with small amounts of concentrated HCl, cyclamate was converted to 2-chlorocyclohexanone quickly and effectively within 5 min and determined by HPLC on a reversed-phase column using UV detection at a wavelength of 310 nm. Comparing with the traditional derivatisation in solution, the better clean-up was provided using on-cartridge derivatisation of MSPD, and much time, labor, and expense were saved. The results showed good linearity (r2 = 0.9998) over the concentration range of 1-500 mg/L. The limit of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) of the cyclamate were 0.3 mg/L and 1 mg/L respectively. The recoveries ranged from 91.6% to 101.3% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range of 2.5%-4.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Qianping Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Junfeng Hui
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yangzi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
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9
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Determination of cyclamate by a cheap and simple spectrophotometric method. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-016-9459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Sensitive simultaneous determination of three sulfanilamide artificial sweeters by capillary electrophoresis with on-line preconcentration and contactless conductivity detection. Food Chem 2015; 188:446-51. [PMID: 26041216 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive method followed by capillary electrophoresis with on-line perconcentration and capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C(4)D) was evaluated as a novel approach for the determination of three sulfanilamide artificial sweeteners (acesulfame-K, sodium saccharin and sodium cyclamate) in beverages. The on-line preconcentration technique, namely field-amplified sample injection, coupled with CE-C(4)D were successfully developed and optimized. The separation was achieved within 10 min under the following conditions: an uncoated fused-silica capillary (45 cm × 50 μm i.d., Leff=40 cm), 20 mmol L(-1) HAc as running buffer, separation voltage of -12 kV, electrokinetic injection of -11 kV × 8 s. The detection limits of acesulfame-K, sodium saccharin and sodium cyclamate were 4.4, 6.7 and 8.8 μg L(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation varied in the range of 3.0-5.0%. Results of this study show a great potential method for the fast screening of these artificial sweeteners contents in commercial beverages.
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Multivariate Optimisation and Validation of a Method for the Separation of Five Artificial Sweeteners by UPLC-DAD in Nine Food Matrices. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-0056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Liu T, Jiang ZT, Li R, Tan J. Simultaneous Determination of Cyclamate, Acesulfame, and Aspartame in Beverages by Titania-Based RP-HPLC. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Hu F, Xu L, Luan F, Liu H, Gao Y. Determination of neotame in non-alcoholic beverage by capillary zone electrophoresis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3334-3338. [PMID: 23595253 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neotame (NEO) is a new artificial sweetener approved as a food additive in many countries. The present method for the determination of NEO in various foodstuffs is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). There are no reports on the determination of NEO in foods by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Therefore a simple and rapid method to determine NEO is desired for quality control. RESULTS A CZE method combined with solid phase extraction was developed for the determination of NEO in non-alcoholic beverage. The optimum separation conditions obtained were 20 mmol L(-1) sodium borate buffer, pH 8, 25 kV applied voltage, 5 s hydrodynamic injection at 30 mbar and ultraviolet detection at 191 nm. The calibration curve showed good linearity (R(2) = 1.000) in the range 0.5-100 µg mL(-1) , and the limit of detection was 0.118 µg mL(-1) . The method was successfully applied to the determination of NEO in two kinds of beverage with migration time less than 5 min, relative standard deviation (n = 3) less than 2% and recoveries ranging from 90 to 95%. CONCLUSION The proposed CZE method has the advantages of shorter analysis time and lower cost compared with HPLC, indicating that it may be a good alternative to the HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falian Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
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14
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Determination of artificial sweeteners by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection optimized by hydrodynamic pumping. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 787:254-9. [PMID: 23830447 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The common sweeteners aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin and acesulfame K were determined by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection. In order to obtain the best compromise between separation efficiency and analysis time hydrodynamic pumping was imposed during the electrophoresis run employing a sequential injection manifold based on a syringe pump. Band broadening was avoided by using capillaries of a narrow 10 μm internal diameter. The analyses were carried out in an aqueous running buffer consisting of 150 mM 2-(cyclohexylamino)ethanesulfonic acid and 400 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane at pH 9.1 in order to render all analytes in the fully deprotonated anionic form. The use of surface modification to eliminate or reverse the electroosmotic flow was not necessary due to the superimposed bulk flow. The use of hydrodynamic pumping allowed easy optimization, either for fast separations (80s) or low detection limits (6.5 μmol L(-1), 5.0 μmol L(-1), 4.0 μmol L(-1) and 3.8 μmol L(-1) for aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin and acesulfame K respectively, at a separation time of 190 s). The conditions for fast separations not only led to higher limits of detection but also to a narrower dynamic range. However, the settings can be changed readily between separations if needed. The four compounds were determined successfully in food samples.
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15
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Lim HS, Park SK, Kwak IS, Kim HI, Sung JH, Jang SJ, Byun MY, Kim SH. HPLC-MS/MS analysis of 9 artificial sweeteners in imported foods. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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16
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Yu S, Zhu B, Lv F, Li S, Huang W. Rapid analysis of cyclamate in foods and beverages by gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD). Food Chem 2012; 134:2424-9. [PMID: 23442705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid method for determination of sodium cyclamate in foods and beverages was developed. Sodium cyclamate was converted to N,N-dichloridecyclohexylamine by reaction with sodium hypochlorite under acid condition. N,N-dichloridecyclohexylamine was subsequently extracted by n-hexane and determined by gas chromatography. Conditions such as derivatization time, the concentration of sodium hypochlorite and sulphuric acid were optimised. Amino acids, aliphatic amines, and food additives such as preservatives, dyes and sweeteners showed no interference for quantification of cyclamate. The correlation coefficient of calibration curve was 0.9993 in the range of 5.0-250mg/L. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were calculated as three or ten times the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), respectively. The LOD and LOQ for yellow wine and fruit juice were 0.05 and 0.2mg/L, respectively. The LOD and LOQ for cake and preserved fruit were 0.25 and 0.8mg/kg, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day RSD were 0.28% and 1.1% (n=5), respectively. The method was successfully applied for determination of cyclamate in yellow wine, cake, fruit juice and preserved fruit. This method was simple, fast, and sensitive. It was suitable for the determination of cyclamate in foods and beverages for safety and quality control inspections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbing Yu
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510300, China.
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17
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Croitoru M, Fülöp I, Ajtay M, Balogh C, Dogaru M. Direct HPLC-UV determination of cyclamate, saccharine and aspartame from soft drinks. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.40.2011.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Determination of Artificial Sweeteners in Beverages and Special Nutritional Products Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2011; 62:169-73. [DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-62-2011-2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of Artificial Sweeteners in Beverages and Special Nutritional Products Using High Performance Liquid ChromatographyThis paper presents two high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods used for the separation and determination of artificial sweeteners aspartame, acesulphame K, sodium saccharin, and sodium cyclamate in beverages and special nutritional products (special food intended for specific population groups). All four compounds are soluble in aqueous solutions and can easily be separated and determined by HPLC with a diode array detector (DAD). The first method involved separation of aspartame, acesulphame K, and sodium saccharin on a C18 column with an isocratic elution of phosphate buffer and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The second method was used to separate sodium cyclamate on a C18 column with methanol and water as mobile phase. Under optimum conditions, both methods showed good analytical performance, such as linearity, precision, and recovery. The methods were successfully applied for the analysis of real samples of soft drinks and special nutritional products.
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Hashemi M, Habibi A, Jahanshahi N. Determination of cyclamate in artificial sweeteners and beverages using headspace single-drop microextraction and gas chromatography flame-ionisation detection. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bergamo AB, Fracassi da Silva JA, de Jesus DP. Simultaneous determination of aspartame, cyclamate, saccharin and acesulfame-K in soft drinks and tabletop sweetener formulations by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Herrero M, García-Cañas V, Simo C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:205-28. [PMID: 19967713 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The use of capillary electromigration methods to analyze foods and food components is reviewed in this work. Papers that were published during the period April 2007 to March 2009 are included following the previous review by García-Cañas and Cifuentes (Electrophoresis, 2008, 29, 294-309). These works include the analysis of amino acids, biogenic amines, peptides, proteins, DNAs, carbohydrates, phenols, polyphenols, pigments, toxins, pesticides, vitamins, additives, small organic and inorganic ions and other compounds found in foods and beverages, as well as those applications of CE for monitoring food interactions and food processing. The use of microchips, CE-MS, chiral-CE as well as other foreseen trends in food analysis are also discussed including their possibilities in the very new field of Foodomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herrero
- Departamento de Caracterización de Alimentos, Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales, Madrid 28006, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Rangan
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Scotter M, Castle L, Roberts D, MacArthur R, Brereton P, Hasnip S, Katz N. Development and single-laboratory validation of an HPLC method for the determination of cyclamate sweetener in foodstuffs. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2009; 26:614-22. [DOI: 10.1080/02652030802695480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yang DJ, Chen B. Simultaneous determination of nonnutritive sweeteners in foods by HPLC/ESI-MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3022-3027. [PMID: 19275236 DOI: 10.1021/jf803988u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nonnutritive sweeteners are the low calorie substances used to replace sugar and other caloric ones. Determination of these sweeteners in foods is important to ensure consistency in product quality. In this study, seven artificial (aspartame, saccharin, acesulfame-K, neotame, sucralose, cyclamate, and alitame) and one natural sweetener (stevioside) were simultaneously determined in different foods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection (ESI-MS). The target compounds were quantified using a selective ionization recording (SIR) at m/z 178, 397, 377, 293, 641, 312, 162, and 182 to cyclamate, sucralose, neotame, aspartame, stevioside, alitame, acesulfame-K, and saccharin, respectively, with warfarin sodium (SIR m/z 307) being used as an internal standard. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was better than 0.998 (n = 6), in the range of 0.05 to 5.00 microg/mL for cyclamate, 0.30 to 30.0 microg/mL for sucralose, 0.10 to 10.0 microg/mL for neotame, 0.20 to 20.0 microg/mL for aspartame, 0.50 to 15.0 microg/mL for stevioside, 0.08 to 8.00 microg/mL for alitame, 0.10 to 15.0 microg/mL for acesulfame-K, and 0.05 to 5.00 microg/mL for saccharin. The limits of detection (LODs) were below 0.10 microg/mL, whereas the limits of quantification (LOQs) were below 0.30 microg/mL. It is concluded that the method has merits such as high sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity versus the those of the other methods reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-jin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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A differential kinetic spectrophotometric method for determination of three sulphanilamide artificial sweeteners with the aid of chemometrics. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Boyce MC. Determination of additives and organic contaminants in food by CE and CEC. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:4046-62. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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