1
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Katz D, Fike K, Longenberger J, Placko S, Philippe-Venec L, Chervenak A. AlphaLogD determination: An optimized Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography method to measure lipophilicity on neutral and basic small and Beyond-Rule-of-Five compounds. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1674:463146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2
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Starek M, Plenis A, Zagrobelna M, Dąbrowska M. Assessment of Lipophilicity Descriptors of Selected NSAIDs Obtained at Different TLC Stationary Phases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:440. [PMID: 33805056 PMCID: PMC8064060 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilicity study of selected NSAIDs, the group of the bioactive compounds usually used in humans and animals medicine, with the use of experimental and calculation methods was evaluated. LogP values are proposed and compared as descriptors of the lipophilicity of eleven compounds (from oxicams and coxibs). Obtained data were designated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in various chromatographic conditions, with stationary phases with different properties. The mobile phase systems were prepared by mixing the respective amounts of water and organic modifier, methanol and acetone, in the range of 30 to 80% (v/v) in 5% increments. Retention parameters (RF, RM and RM0) were calculated and statistically evaluated to establish correlations. All experimentally determined RM0 values were compared with partition coefficients obtained by computational methods using linear regression analysis. Moreover, in order to extract information about the lipophilicity of compounds from large retention datasets, two chemometric approaches, namely principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were carried out. Established models of lipophilicity may have the potential to predict the biological activity of a number of drugs. The presented knowledge may also be of use during drug discovery processes, broadening the knowledge of potential ways to modify the physicochemical properties of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Starek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Alina Plenis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Marta Zagrobelna
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
| | - Monika Dąbrowska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.Z.); (M.D.)
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3
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Mizoguchi R, Waraya H, Hirakura Y. Application of Co-Amorphous Technology for Improving the Physicochemical Properties of Amorphous Formulations. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2142-2152. [PMID: 30946778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous technology was recently introduced to stabilize drugs in the amorphous state for drug development. We examined the predictability of the formation of co-amorphous systems and identified two reliable indicators of successful formation: (1) a negative Δ Hmix value and (2) small Δlog P between components. Moreover, we found that the stability of co-amorphous systems was improved when (1) Δ Hmix was negative and (2) amorphous forms of the constituent compounds were stable. Furthermore, we concluded that co-amorphous systems with small (negatively large) Δ Hmix values had lower hygroscopicity. Typically, amorphous solid dispersions exhibit hygroscopicity because polymers exhibit large hygroscopicity. We proved the superiority of co-amorphous technology over amorphous solid dispersion in this respect. Our results provide methods for (1) establishing a screening method and (2) improving hygroscopicity, which may make co-amorphous technology more useful than amorphous solid dispersion technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Mizoguchi
- Analytical Research Labs. , Astellas Pharma Inc. , 180, Ozumi , Yaizu-shi , Shizuoka 425-0072 , Japan
| | - Haruka Waraya
- Analytical Research Labs. , Astellas Pharma Inc. , 180, Ozumi , Yaizu-shi , Shizuoka 425-0072 , Japan
| | - Yutaka Hirakura
- Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Labs. , Astellas Pharma Inc. , 21, Miyukigaoka , Tsukuba-shi , Ibaraki 305-8585 , Japan
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4
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Kempińska D, Chmiel T, Kot-Wasik A, Mróz A, Mazerska Z, Namieśnik J. State of the art and prospects of methods for determination of lipophilicity of chemical compounds. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Savić J, Dilber S, Crevar-Sakač M, Vladimirov S, Brborić J. Lipophilicity determination of β-hydroxy-β-arilalkanoic acids by reversed phase liquid chromatography under high pressure. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm1801034s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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6
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Giaginis C, Tsopelas F, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. The Impact of Lipophilicity in Drug Discovery: Rapid Measurements by Means of Reversed-Phase HPLC. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1824:217-228. [PMID: 30039409 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8630-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilicity constitutes a vital physicochemical property in drug design as it is connected with pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties as well as toxicological aspects of candidate drugs. Traditional partitioning experiments to determine n-octanol-water coefficients are laborious and time-consuming, while they cannot be reliably performed for highly lipophilic or compounds undergoing degradation. Alternatively, lipophilicity of candidate drugs can be accurately and reproducibly determined using reversed-phase liquid chromatography. In this chapter, the details of protocols for lipophilicity assessment using reversed-phase HPLC, under conditions which provide the best simulation of n-octanol-water partition coefficients, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Fotios Tsopelas
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Tsantili-Kakoulidou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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7
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Tsopelas F, Vallianatou T, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Advances in immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography for novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:473-88. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2016.1160886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Tsopelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodosia Vallianatou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Tsantili-Kakoulidou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, Greece
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8
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Yao W, Wang X, Yang H, Yu G, Deng S, Huang J, Wang B, Wang Y. Removal of pharmaceuticals from secondary effluents by an electro-peroxone process. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:826-835. [PMID: 26610192 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the removal of pharmaceuticals from secondary effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by conventional ozonation and the electro-peroxone (E-peroxone) process, which involves electrochemically generating H2O2 in-situ from O2 in sparged O2 and O3 gas mixture (i.e., ozone generator effluent) during ozonation. Several pharmaceuticals with kO3 ranging from <0.1 to 6.8 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1) were spiked into four secondary effluents collected from different WWTPs, and then treated by ozonation and the E-peroxone process. Results show that both processes can rapidly remove ozone reactive pharmaceuticals (diclofenac and gemfibrozil), while the E-peroxone process can considerably accelerate the removal of ozone-refractory pharmaceuticals (e.g., ibuprofen and clofibric acid) via indirect oxidation with OH generated from the reaction of sparged O3 with electro-generated H2O2. Compared with ozonation, the E-peroxone process enhanced the removal kinetics of ozone-refractory pharmaceuticals in the four secondary effluents by ∼40-170%, and the enhancement was more pronounced in secondary effluents that had relatively lower effluent organic matter (EfOM). Due to its higher efficiency for removing ozone-refractory pharmaceuticals, the E-peroxone process reduced the reaction time and electrical energy consumption required to remove ≥90% of all spiked pharmaceuticals from the secondary effluents as compared to ozonation. These results indicate that the E-peroxone process may provide a simple and effective way to improve existing ozonation system for pharmaceutical removal from secondary effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Yao
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shubo Deng
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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9
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Gómara B, Lebrón-Aguilar R, González M, Quintanilla-López J. Insight into the retention processes of phthalate metabolites on different liquid chromatography stationary phases for the development of improved separation methods. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1423:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Mieszkowski D, Sroka WD, Marszałł MP. Influence of the Anionic Part of 1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids on the Chromatographic Behavior of Perazine in RP-HPTLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1063508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Mieszkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wiktor Dariusz Sroka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Michał Piotr Marszałł
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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12
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Liang C, Lian HZ. Recent advances in lipophilicity measurement by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Insight into the retention mechanism on immobilized artificial membrane chromatography using two stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1396:25-33. [PMID: 25911385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The retention behavior of sixty structurally diverse drugs on two immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) columns, IAM.PC.MG and IAM.PC.DD2 types, at two pH values, 7.4 and 5.5, was established. Extrapolated to pure aqueous phase retention factors, logkw(IAM), were determined and the role of acetonitrile as organic modifier was explored, considering the relationships with the slopes, S, of the extrapolation procedure. Good interrelations between retention factors on the two IAM stationary phases were observed, although logkw(IAM.PC.DD2) values are generally higher than logkw(IAM.PC.MG). In order to investigate the underlying retention mechanism, relationships between IAM retention factors and lipophilicity, expressed as logP or logD at pH 7.4 were established. Electrostatic interactions were considered by introducing the positively and negatively charged molecular fractions as additional parameters in the logkw(IAM)/logD relationships. The positive contribution of these fractions supported the involvement of the electrostatic interactions in the retention mechanism. Special attention was given to the retention behavior of zwitterionic compounds and for compounds with special structural characteristics.
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14
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Agrahari V, Meng J, Zhang T, Youan BBC. Application of Design of Experiment and Simulation Methods to Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Topical HIV Microbicides Stampidine and HI443. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 5. [PMID: 25767739 PMCID: PMC4354943 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study intended to determine if experimental design and Monte Carlo simulation methods can be utilized to optimize the liquid chromatography (LC) analysis of active molecules. The method was applied for the simultaneous analysis of two topical microbicides, stampidine (STP) and HI443 in bulk and nanoformulations. The Plackett-Burman design was used for screening; whereas, Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the main and interaction effects of the selected factors on the responses, namely peak area of STP (Y1), HI443 (Y2), tailing of STP (Y3), and HI443 (Y4). The Monte Carlo simulation was applied to get the minimum defect rate (DR) of the process. The optimized LC conditions were found to be X1; flow rate: 0.6 mL/min, X2; injection volume: 18 μL, and X3; initial gradient acetonitrile ratio: 92% v/v with a minimal DR of 0.077%. The optimized method was applied to determine the percent encapsulation efficiency (%EE) and in vitro release profile of STP and HI443 from solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The %EE of STP and HI443 in SLNs was found to be 30.56 ± 9.44 and 94.80 ± 21.90% w/w, respectively, (n=3). It was observed that the release kinetics of STP followed the first order, whereas, HI443 followed the Peppas kinetic model in SLNs. The LC method was also applied for the estimation of molar extinction coefficients (ε270 ) of both drugs for the first time. These values were estimated to be 7,569.03 ± 217.96 and 17,823.67 ± 88.12 L/mol/cm for STP and HI443, respectively, (n=3). The results suggest that experimental design and Monte Carlo simulation can be effectively used to reduce the DR of a process and to optimize the chromatographic conditions for the analysis of bio-active agents as applied in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Agrahari
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA
| | - Jianing Meng
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA
| | - Bi-Botti C Youan
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA
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15
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Han SY, Liang C, Yu HM, Qiao JQ, Ge X, Lian HZ. Influence of n-octanol in mobile phase on QSRRs of lipophilicity and retention mechanism of acidic and basic compounds in RP-HPLC. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02326b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect ofn-octanol on retention behavior, mechanism and QSRRs of ionizable compounds in RP-HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-ying Han
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
| | - Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Hui-min Yu
- College of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing 210023
- China
| | - Jun-qin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Xin Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
| | - Hong-zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- China
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Xu L, Li L, Huang J, Yu S, Wang J, Li N. Determination of the lipophilicity (logPo/w) of organic compounds by microemulsion liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:409-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Florea M, Monciu CM, Ilie M. Determination of Nimesulide by Ion Pair High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Using Tetrabutylammonium as the Counterion. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.940529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Liang C, Han SY, Qiao JQ, Lian HZ, Ge X. Determination of then-octanol/water partition coefficients of weakly ionizable basic compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with neutral model compounds. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3226-34. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Shu-ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
- College of Pharmacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Jun-qin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Hong-zhen Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Xin Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
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Caiali E, Casoni D, Ionita P, David V, Sârbu C. PARABENS LIPOPHILICITY DETERMINATION WITH MOBILE PHASES CONTAINING LOW AND MEDIUM HYDROPHOBIC ALCOHOLS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.830270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edvin Caiali
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Dorina Casoni
- b Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Cluj Napoca , Romania
| | - Petre Ionita
- c Department of Organic Chemistry , University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Victor David
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , University of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemistry , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Costel Sârbu
- b Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Cluj Napoca , Romania
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20
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Giaginis C, Theocharis S, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Octanol/water partitioning simulation by RP-HPLC for structurally diverse acidic drugs: Comparison of three columns in the presence and absence of n
-octanol as the mobile phase additive. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3830-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Costas Giaginis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis; Zografou Athens Greece
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; University of the Aegean; Myrina Lemnos Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology; Medical School, University of Athens; Goudi Athens Greece
| | - Anna Tsantili-Kakoulidou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; School of Pharmacy; University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis; Zografou Athens Greece
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21
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Starek M, Komsta Ł, Krzek J. Reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography technique for the comparison of the lipophilicity of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 85:132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Cobzac SC, Casoni D, Sarbu C. Lipophilicity of Amine Neurotransmitter Precursors, Metabolites and Related Drugs Estimated on Various TLC Plates. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:1095-103. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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23
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Pallicer JM, Pascual R, Port A, Rosés M, Ràfols C, Bosch E. The contribution of the hydrogen bond acidity on the lipophilicity of drugs estimated from chromatographic measurements. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:484-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Giaginis C, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Quantitative Structure–Retention Relationships as Useful Tool to Characterize Chromatographic Systems and Their Potential to Simulate Biological Processes. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Elizalde-González MP, Arroyo-Abad U, García-Díaz E, Brillas E, Sirés I, Dávila-Jiménez MM. Formation of sulfonyl aromatic alcohols by electrolysis of a bisazo reactive dye. Molecules 2012; 17:14377-92. [PMID: 23455611 PMCID: PMC6268216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Five sulfonyl aromatic alcohols, namely 4-((2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl)phenol, 4-((2-(2-((4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl)ethoxy)vinyl)sulfonyl)phenol, 4-(ethylsulfonyl)phenol, 4-(vinylsulfonyl)phenol and 5-((4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl)-2-penten-1-ol were identified by LC-ESI-Qq-TOF-MS as products formed by electrolysis of the bisazo reactive dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5). Since electrolyses were performed in an undivided cell equipped with Ni electrodes in alkaline medium, amines like 4-(2-methoxyethylsulfonyl)benzene-amine (MEBA) with m/z 216 were also suspected to be formed due to the plausible chemical reaction in the bulk or the cathodic reduction of RB5 and its oxidation by-products. Aiming to check this hypothesis, a method was used for the preparation of MEBA with 98% purity, via chemical reduction also of the dye RB5. The logP of the synthesized sulfonyl aromatic compounds was calculated and their logkw values were determined chromatographically. These data were discussed in regard to the relationship between hydrophobicity/lipophilicity and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María P. Elizalde-González
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CU, San Claudio s/n, Edif 103H, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico
| | - Uriel Arroyo-Abad
- Centro de Química, Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CU, San Claudio s/n, Edif 103H, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico
| | - Esmeralda García-Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CU, San Claudio s/n, Edif 105H, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d’Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martín M. Dávila-Jiménez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CU, San Claudio s/n, Edif 105H, 72570 Puebla, Pue., Mexico
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-222-229-5525; Fax: +52-222-229-5551
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Chrysanthakopoulos M, Nicolaou I, Demopoulos V, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. The efficiency of RP-TLC for lipophilicity assessment. A comparative study on a series of pyrrolyl-acetic acid derivatives, inhibitors of aldose reductase. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.25.2012.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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Li YC, Rissanen S, Stepniewski M, Cramariuc O, Róg T, Mirza S, Xhaard H, Wytrwal M, Kepczynski M, Bunker A. Study of Interaction Between PEG Carrier and Three Relevant Drug Molecules: Piroxicam, Paclitaxel, and Hematoporphyrin. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7334-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300301z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chin Li
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Sami Rissanen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Michał Stepniewski
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Oana Cramariuc
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sabir Mirza
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Henri Xhaard
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | | | | | - Alex Bunker
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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28
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Dąbrowska M, Starek M, Skuciński J. Lipophilicity study of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and cephalosporin antibiotics: A review. Talanta 2011; 86:35-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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29
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Pallicer JM, Sales J, Rosés M, Ràfols C, Bosch E. Lipophilicity assessment of basic drugs (logPo/w determination) by a chromatographic method. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:6356-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Han SY, Qiao JQ, Zhang YY, Yang LL, Lian HZ, Ge X, Chen HY. Determination of n-octanol/water partition coefficient for DDT-related compounds by RP-HPLC with a novel dual-point retention time correction. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 83:131-136. [PMID: 21300395 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 12/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
n-Octanol/water partition coefficients (P) for DDTs and dicofol were determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) on a C(18) column using methanol-water mixture as mobile phase. A dual-point retention time correction (DP-RTC) was proposed to rectify chromatographic retention time (t(R)) shift resulted from stationary phase aging. Based on this correction, the relationship between logP and logk(w), the logarithm of the retention factor extrapolated to pure water, was investigated for a set of 12 benzene homologues and DDT-related compounds with reliable experimental P as model compounds. A linear regression logP=(1.10±0.04) logk(w) - (0.60±0.17) was established with correlation coefficient R(2) of 0.988, cross-validated correlation coefficient R(cv)(2) of 0.983 and standard deviation (SD) of 0.156. This model was further validated using four verification compounds, naphthalene, biphenyl, 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (p,p'-DDD) and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene (p,p'-DDE) with similar structure to DDT. The RP-HPLC-determined P values showed good consistency with shake-flask (SFM) or slow-stirring (SSM) results, especially for highly hydrophobic compounds with logP in the range of 4-7. Then, the P values for five DDT-related compounds, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (o,p'-DDT), 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (o,p'-DDD), 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene (o,p'-DDE), and 2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol (dicofol) and its main degradation product 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone (p,p'-DBP) were evaluated by the improved RP-HPLC method for the first time. The excellent precision with SD less than 0.03 proved that the novel DP-RTC protocol can significantly increases the determination accuracy and reliability of P by RP-HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-ying Han
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, China
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31
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Casoni D, Petre J, David V, Sârbu C. Prediction of pesticides chromatographic lipophilicity from the computational molecular descriptors. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:247-54. [PMID: 21268246 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative structure-property relationship models were developed for the prediction of pesticides and some PAH compounds lipophilicity based on a wide set of computational molecular descriptors and a set of experimental chromatographic data. The chromatographic lipophilicity of pesticides has been evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using different chemically bonded (C18, C8, CN and Phenyl HPLC columns) stationary phases and two different organic modifiers (methanol and acetonitrile, respectively) in the mobile phase composition. Through a systematic study, by using the classic multivariate analysis, several quantitative structure-property/lipophilicity multi-dimensional models were established. Multiple linear regression and genetic algorithm for the variable subset selection were used. The internal and external statistical evaluation procedures revealed some appropriate models for the chromatographic lipophilicity prediction of pesticides. Moreover, the statistical parameters of regression and those obtained by applying t-test for the intercept (a(0)) and for the slope (a(1)) in order to evaluate relationship between experimental and predicted octanol-water partition coefficients in case of the test set compounds, revealed two statistically valid models that can be successfully used in lipophilicity prediction of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Casoni
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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32
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Characterization and optimization by experimental design of a liquid chromatographic method for the separation of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls on a polar-embedded stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7231-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Retention of structurally diverse drugs in human serum albumin chromatography and its potential to simulate plasma protein binding. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5761-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Giaginis C, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. The performance of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid as mobile phase additive in HPLC-based lipophilicity assessment. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:606-12. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Sârbu C, Casoni D, Kot-Wasik A, Wasik A, Namieśnik J. Modeling of chromatographic lipophilicity of food synthetic dyes estimated on different columns. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2219-29. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Pallicer JM, Pous-Torres S, Sales J, Rosés M, Ràfols C, Bosch E. Determination of the hydrophobicity of organic compounds measured as logPo/w through a new chromatographic method. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3026-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Chrysanthakopoulos M, Nicolaou I, Demopoulos VJ, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. HPLC-based lipophilicity of pyrrolyl-acetic acid ARIs: Relationships with biological activity. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:61-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Characterization of Ascentis RP-Amide column: Lipophilicity measurement and linear solvation energy relationships. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:65-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Natalini B, Sardella R, Camaioni E, Macchiarulo A, Gioiello A, Carbone G, Pellicciari R. Derived chromatographic indices as effective tools to study the self-aggregation process of bile acids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2009; 50:613-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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40
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Giaginis C, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. RPTLC retention indices of basic and neutral drugs as surrogates of octanol-water distribution coefficients. Effect of buffer constituents and pH. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2009. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.22.2009.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Henchoz Y, Bard B, Guillarme D, Carrupt PA, Veuthey JL, Martel S. Analytical tools for the physicochemical profiling of drug candidates to predict absorption/distribution. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:707-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Giaginis C, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Alternative measures of lipophilicity: from octanol-water partitioning to IAM retention. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:2984-3004. [PMID: 18553641 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review describes lipophilicity parameters currently used in drug design and QSAR studies. After a short historical overview, the complex nature of lipophilicity as the outcome of polar/nonpolar inter- and intramolecular interactions is analysed and considered as the background for the discussion of the different lipophilicity descriptors. The first part focuses on octanol-water partitioning of neutral and ionisable compounds, evaluates the efficiency of predictions and provides a short description of the experimental methods for the determination of distribution coefficients. A next part is dedicated to reversed-phase chromatographic techniques, HPLC and TLC in lipophilicity assessment. The two methods are evaluated for their efficiency to simulate octanol-water and the progress achieved in the refinement of suitable chromatographic conditions, in particular in the field of HPLC, is outlined. Liposomes as direct models of biological membranes are examined and phospolipophilicity is compared to the traditional lipophilicity concept. Difficulties associated with liposome-water partitioning are discussed. The last part focuses on Immobilised Artificial Membrane (IAM) chromatography as an alternative which combines membrane simulation with rapid measurements. IAM chromatographic retention is compared to octanol-water and liposome-water partitioning as well as to reversed-phase retention and its potential to predict biopartitioning and biological activities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costas Giaginis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, Athens 157 71, Greece
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43
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Gikas S, Tsopelas F, Giaginis C, Dimitrakopoulos J, Livadara T, Archontaki H, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Chromatographic behavior of zwitterionic enalapril—Exploring the conditions for lipophilicity assessment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:739-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2008.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Effect of n-octanol in the mobile phase on lipophilicity determination by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a modified silica column. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1209:111-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2008] [Revised: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Benhaim D, Grushka E. Characterization of the GEMINI C18™ Column: Lipophilicity Measurement and LSER. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070802279202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Benhaim
- a Institute of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Grushka
- a Institute of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem, Israel
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46
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Kah M, Brown CD. LogD: lipophilicity for ionisable compounds. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 72:1401-1408. [PMID: 18565570 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) for organic compounds is widely used in predictive environmental studies. A significant proportion of contaminants of surface and ground water are ionisable (e.g. many pesticides, pharmaceuticals, metabolites). Such compounds may be partially ionised dependent on the pH. Since the neutral and ionic species exhibit different polarities, the Kow value of ionisable pesticides is pH dependent. It is therefore essential to determine Kow values over the full range of pH that occurs in the environment in order to get appropriate predictors. Numerous methods are available to measure lipophilicity but only a few are appropriate for ionisable pesticides (e.g. pH metric and filter probe methods). Parameters such as pH and ionic strength need to be carefully controlled when working with ionisable compounds. Variation of these factors probably explains why literature can yield Kow values that differ by more than one order of magnitude for some compounds. In this article, Kow values obtained for six acidic pesticides with three different methods are compared as well (data from the literature, measured by pH metric method and calculated with five computer programs). The values used in predictive regression equations needs to be either measured with a suitable method or selected from the literature with great care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kah
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK.
| | - Colin D Brown
- Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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47
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Vrakas D, Giaginis C, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A. Electrostatic interactions and ionization effect in immobilized artificial membrane retention. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1187:67-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Nanostructured microspheres produced by supercritical fluid extraction of emulsions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 100:1020-33. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.21845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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